EP0172303B1 - Burner for liquid fuels, especially fuels containing solid particles - Google Patents

Burner for liquid fuels, especially fuels containing solid particles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0172303B1
EP0172303B1 EP85101685A EP85101685A EP0172303B1 EP 0172303 B1 EP0172303 B1 EP 0172303B1 EP 85101685 A EP85101685 A EP 85101685A EP 85101685 A EP85101685 A EP 85101685A EP 0172303 B1 EP0172303 B1 EP 0172303B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
fuel
mixing space
duct
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85101685A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0172303A1 (en
Inventor
Kurt Lohoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Babcock Werke AG
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Deutsche Babcock Werke AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Babcock Werke AG filed Critical Deutsche Babcock Werke AG
Priority to AT85101685T priority Critical patent/ATE34446T1/en
Publication of EP0172303A1 publication Critical patent/EP0172303A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0172303B1 publication Critical patent/EP0172303B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/005—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel burning a mixture of pulverulent fuel delivered as a slurry, i.e. comprising a carrying liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/102—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for liquid fuels, in particular containing solid components, with the features of the preamble of claim 1 (EP-B-0 026 509).
  • the fuel is brought together with the atomizing medium in the mixing space inside the nozzle and mixed with one another.
  • the resulting emulsion is distributed into the combustion chamber through the outlet holes.
  • the cross-sections for the fuel and the atomizing medium, which determine the quantity, are connected upstream of the mixing chamber and the outlet holes. This means that the pressure is converted into speed on the material of the nozzle and in two stages. If the liquid fuel contains solid parts, for example in the form of a coal dust, oil or water suspension, the solid parts have an abrasive effect on the narrowest cross section. The wear caused by this shortens the life of the nozzle heads of the burners.
  • the invention has for its object to design a generic burner such that the wear of the inner parts of the nozzle head is reduced.
  • the speeds in the channel carrying fuel are so low that significant wear is not to be expected.
  • the atomizing medium is guided in the form of a hollow cylinder in the mixing section with the quantity-determining cross section, which wraps itself around the liquid fuel stream. Coming from a substantially larger cross-section, the liquid fuel is thus drawn into the high-speed stream of the atomizing medium and mixed in, the edge zones of the quantity-determining cross section being acted upon primarily by the atomizing medium.
  • the quantity of the fuel is determined in the free flow of the atomizing medium without the liquid fuel with the solid components contained in it coming into contact with the metallic walls within the quantity-determining cross-section to any appreciable extent.
  • the drawing shows a longitudinal section through the nozzle head of a burner according to the invention.
  • the burner shown contains a lance tube 1, on the front end of which a nozzle head is attached.
  • a supply tube 2 is arranged within the lance tube 1 and surrounds a channel 3 for guiding the liquid fuel.
  • the liquid fuel can contain solid components and can be, for example, oil, a coal dust-oil or a coal dust-water suspension.
  • a channel 4 for the supply of an atomizing medium for example steam, compressed air or gas, is formed.
  • the channel 3 for the guidance of the fuel and the channel 4 for the guidance of the atomizing medium can also be arranged parallel to one another.
  • the inner nozzle parts are firmly clamped in the nozzle head by a nozzle holder 5 fastened to the lance tube 1 and a nozzle holder 6.
  • the downstream part of the fuel-carrying channel 3 is formed by a fuel chamber 7, the cross section of which is narrowed in the burner shown for constructional reasons compared to the clear cross section of the feed pipe 2.
  • the velocity of the flowing fuel is then necessarily slightly increased in this fuel chamber, but its cross-section does not determine the quantity.
  • the fuel chamber 7 is surrounded concentrically by a collecting chamber 8, which is connected to the channel 4 carrying the atomizing medium via a plurality of radial bores 9.
  • the collecting space 8 merges via a conical annular channel 10 into a premixing chamber 11, which is followed downstream by a mixing section 12 with a narrowest cross section.
  • This mixing section 12 lies in the same axis as the fuel chamber 7. It is flowed through by both the fuel and the atomizing medium and is therefore quantity-determining for both media.
  • a post-mixing chamber 13 is arranged downstream of the mixing section 12, in which the fuel and the atomizing medium are further mixed to form an emulsion.
  • the front end of the nozzle head is closed and receives a blind hole 14 from which exit bores 15 extend. These outlet bores 15 are arranged so that their inlet cross-sections are at a distance from the closed bottom of the nozzle head which corresponds to at least half the diameter of the blind hole 13, thereby creating a buffer zone.
  • the design of the conical annular channel 10 leads the atomizing medium through the mixing section 12 in a hollow cylindrical manner.
  • the fuel is drawn into the high speed stream of the atomizing medium and thereby mixed into the atomizing medium.
  • the atomizing medium lies against the edge zone of the mixing section 12 while the fuel is being wrapped Wear of the mixing section 12 is largely reduced by solid portions that may be contained in the liquid fuel.
  • the arrangement of the blind hole 14 in the nozzle head ensures that in the flow of the emulsion of fuel and atomizing medium leaving the mixing section 12 and the post-mixing chamber 13, a back pressure occurs, by means of which the axial flow is braked.
  • the distribution of the emulsion over the cross section of the outlet bores 14 is thus much more uniform than in the case of nozzles without a blind hole, as a result of which the service life of the nozzle head is extended.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

1. Burner for liquid fuels containing preferentially solid matter, with a nozzle head which comprises a mixing space into which a fuel duct (3) and a pulverizing fluid duct (4) en where each flow lane shows a narrowest cross-section limiting the flow volume and where outlet bores (15) are provided downstream of the mixing space, characterized by an admission section (12) downstream of the pre-mixing space (11) type mixing space which shows the narrowest cross-section for joint feeding of the fuel and pulverizing fluid and which is jointly passed by the fuel and the pulverizing fluid so that the pulverizing fluid is led alongside the wall of the admission section (12).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Brenner für flüssige, insbesondere feste Anteile enthaltende Brennstoffe mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Anspruches 1 (EP-B-0 026 509).The invention relates to a burner for liquid fuels, in particular containing solid components, with the features of the preamble of claim 1 (EP-B-0 026 509).

Bei derartigen bekannten Brennern wird der Brennstoff mit dem Zerstäubermedium in dem Mischraum innerhalb der Düse zusammengebracht und miteinander vermischt. Die dabei entstehende Emulsion wird über die Austrittsbohrungen in den Feuerraum verteilt Die mengenbestimmenden Querschnitte für den Brennstoff und das Zerstäubermedium sind dem Mischraum und den Austrittsbohrungen getrennt vorgeschaltet. Das bedeutet, daß die Umsetzung von Druck in Geschwindigkeit an dem Material der Düse und zweistufig erfolgt. Enthält der flüssige Brennstoff feste Anteile, zum Beispiel in Form einer Kohlenstaub- Öl- oder WasserSuspension, so wirken die festen Anteile abrasiv auf den engsten Querschnitt. Der dadurch bedingte Verschleiß verkürzt die Lebensdauer der Düsenköpfe der Brenner.In such known burners, the fuel is brought together with the atomizing medium in the mixing space inside the nozzle and mixed with one another. The resulting emulsion is distributed into the combustion chamber through the outlet holes. The cross-sections for the fuel and the atomizing medium, which determine the quantity, are connected upstream of the mixing chamber and the outlet holes. This means that the pressure is converted into speed on the material of the nozzle and in two stages. If the liquid fuel contains solid parts, for example in the form of a coal dust, oil or water suspension, the solid parts have an abrasive effect on the narrowest cross section. The wear caused by this shortens the life of the nozzle heads of the burners.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemäßen Brenner derart auszubilden, daß der Verschleiß der inneren Teile des Düsenkopfes herabgesetzt wird.The invention has for its object to design a generic burner such that the wear of the inner parts of the nozzle head is reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einen gattungsgemäßen Brenner erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved according to the invention in a generic burner by the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Brenner sind die Geschwindigkeiten in dem Brennstoff führenden Kanal so gering, daß ein nennenswerter Verschleiß nicht zu erwarten ist. In dem Einmischabschnitt mit dem mengenbestimmenden Querschnitt wird das Zerstäubermedium in Form eines Hohlzylinders geführt, der sich umhüllend um den flüssigen Brennstoffstrom legt. Der flüssige Brennstoff wird damit, von einem wesentlich größeren Querschnitt kommend, in den Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrom des Zerstäubermediums eingezogen und eingemischt, wobei die Randzonen des mengenbestimmenden Querschnittes vornehmlich von dem Zerstäubungsmedium beaufschlagt werden. Die Mengenbestimmung des Brennstoffes erfolgt in dem freien Strom des Zerstäubermediums, ohne daß der flüssige Brennstoff mit den in ihm enthaltenen festen Bestandteile mit den metallischen Wänden innerhalb des mengenbestimmende Querschnittes im nennenswerten Umfang in Kontakt kommt.In the burner according to the invention, the speeds in the channel carrying fuel are so low that significant wear is not to be expected. The atomizing medium is guided in the form of a hollow cylinder in the mixing section with the quantity-determining cross section, which wraps itself around the liquid fuel stream. Coming from a substantially larger cross-section, the liquid fuel is thus drawn into the high-speed stream of the atomizing medium and mixed in, the edge zones of the quantity-determining cross section being acted upon primarily by the atomizing medium. The quantity of the fuel is determined in the free flow of the atomizing medium without the liquid fuel with the solid components contained in it coming into contact with the metallic walls within the quantity-determining cross-section to any appreciable extent.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung stellt einen Längsschnitt durch den Düsenkopf eines Brenners gemäß der Erfindung dar.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below. The drawing shows a longitudinal section through the nozzle head of a burner according to the invention.

Der dargestellte Brenner enthält ein Lanzenrohr 1, auf dessen vorderem Ende ein Düsenkopf befestigt ist. Innerhalb des Lanzenrohres 1 ist ein Zuführungsrohr 2 angeordnet, das einen Kanal 3 zur Führung des flüssigen Brennstoffes umschließt. Der flüssige Brennstoff kann feste Anteile enthalten und zum Beispiel Öl, eine Kohlenstaub- Öl- oder eine Kohlenstaub-WasserSuspension sein. Zwischen dem Lanzenrohr 1 und dem Zuführungsrohr 2 ist ein Kanal 4 für die Zuführung eines Zerstäubermediums, zum Beispiel Dampf, Druckluft oder Gas, gebildet, Abweichend von der dargestellten koaxialen Anordnung können der Kanal 3 für die Führung des Brennstoffes und der Kanal 4 für die Führung des Zerstäubermediums auch parallel zueinander angeordnet sein. In dem Düsenkopf sind die inneren Düsenteile durch einen an dem Lanzenrohr 1 befestigten Düsentrager 5 und einen Düsenhalter 6 fest eingespannt.The burner shown contains a lance tube 1, on the front end of which a nozzle head is attached. A supply tube 2 is arranged within the lance tube 1 and surrounds a channel 3 for guiding the liquid fuel. The liquid fuel can contain solid components and can be, for example, oil, a coal dust-oil or a coal dust-water suspension. Between the lance tube 1 and the feed tube 2, a channel 4 for the supply of an atomizing medium, for example steam, compressed air or gas, is formed. Deviating from the coaxial arrangement shown, the channel 3 for the guidance of the fuel and the channel 4 for the guidance of the atomizing medium can also be arranged parallel to one another. The inner nozzle parts are firmly clamped in the nozzle head by a nozzle holder 5 fastened to the lance tube 1 and a nozzle holder 6.

Der stromabwärts liegende Teil des Brennstoff führenden Kanals 3 ist durch einen Brennstoffraum 7 gebildet, dessen Querschnitt gegenüber dem lichten Querschnitt des Zuführungsrohres 2 bei dem dargestellten Brenner aus konstruktiven Gründen verengt ist. In diesem Brennstoffraum wird die Geschwindigkeit des strömenden Brennstoffes dann zwangsweise leicht erhöht, sein Querschnitt ist jedoch nicht mengenbestimmend.The downstream part of the fuel-carrying channel 3 is formed by a fuel chamber 7, the cross section of which is narrowed in the burner shown for constructional reasons compared to the clear cross section of the feed pipe 2. The velocity of the flowing fuel is then necessarily slightly increased in this fuel chamber, but its cross-section does not determine the quantity.

Der Brennstoffraum 7 ist konzentrisch von einem Sammelraum 8 umgeben, der mit dem das Zerstäubermedium führenden Kanal 4 über mehrere radiale Bohrungen 9 verbunden ist. Der Sammelraum 8 geht über einen konischen Ringkanal 10 in eine Vormischkammer 11 über, an den sich stromabwärts ein Einmischabschnitt 12 mit einem engsten Querschnitt anschließt. Dieser Einmischabschnitt 12 liegt in der gleichen Achse wie der Brennstoffraum 7. Er wird sowohl von dem Brennstoff als auch von dem Zerstäubermedium durchströmt und ist damit für beide Medien mengenbestimmend.The fuel chamber 7 is surrounded concentrically by a collecting chamber 8, which is connected to the channel 4 carrying the atomizing medium via a plurality of radial bores 9. The collecting space 8 merges via a conical annular channel 10 into a premixing chamber 11, which is followed downstream by a mixing section 12 with a narrowest cross section. This mixing section 12 lies in the same axis as the fuel chamber 7. It is flowed through by both the fuel and the atomizing medium and is therefore quantity-determining for both media.

Stromabwärts von dem Einmischabschnitt 12 ist ein Nachmischraum 13 angeordnet, in welchem der Brennstoff und das Zerstäubermedium weiter zu einer Emulsion vermischt werden. Das vordere Ende des Düsenkopfes ist geschlossen und nimmt ein Sackloch 14 auf, von dem Austrittsbohrungen 15 ausgehen. Dabei sind diese Austrittsbohrungen 15 so angeordnet, daß ihre Eintrittsquerschnitte in einem Abstand von dem geschlossenen Boden des Düsenkopfes liegen, der mindestens dem halben Durchmesser des Sackloches 13 entspricht, wodurch eine Pufferzone geschaffen wird.A post-mixing chamber 13 is arranged downstream of the mixing section 12, in which the fuel and the atomizing medium are further mixed to form an emulsion. The front end of the nozzle head is closed and receives a blind hole 14 from which exit bores 15 extend. These outlet bores 15 are arranged so that their inlet cross-sections are at a distance from the closed bottom of the nozzle head which corresponds to at least half the diameter of the blind hole 13, thereby creating a buffer zone.

Bei diesem Brenner wird durch die Gestaltung des konischen Ringkanales 10 das Zerstäubermedium hohlzylindrisch durch den Einmischabschnitt 12 geführt. Der Brennstoff wird in den Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrom des Zerstäubermediums eingezogen und dadurch in das Zerstäubermedium eingemischt. Dabei legt sich das Zerstäubermedium unter Umhüllung des Brennstoffes an die Randzone des Einmischabschnittes 12. Auf diese Weise wird ein Verschleiß des Einmischabschnittes 12 durch feste Anteile, die in dem flüssigen Brennstoff enthalten sein können, weitgehend herabgesetzt.In this burner, the design of the conical annular channel 10 leads the atomizing medium through the mixing section 12 in a hollow cylindrical manner. The fuel is drawn into the high speed stream of the atomizing medium and thereby mixed into the atomizing medium. The atomizing medium lies against the edge zone of the mixing section 12 while the fuel is being wrapped Wear of the mixing section 12 is largely reduced by solid portions that may be contained in the liquid fuel.

Durch die Anordnung des Sackloches 14 in dem Düsenkopf wird erreicht, daß in dem den Einmischabschnitt 12 und den Nachmischraum 13 verlassenden Strom der Emulsion aus Brennstoff und Zerstäubungsmedium ein Rückstau entsteht, durch den die Axialströmung gebremst wird. Die Verteilung der Emulsion über den Querschnitt der Austrittsbohrungen 14 ist damit wesentlich gleichmäßiger als bei Düsen ohne Sackloch, wodurch die Lebensdauer des Düsenkopfes verlängert wird.The arrangement of the blind hole 14 in the nozzle head ensures that in the flow of the emulsion of fuel and atomizing medium leaving the mixing section 12 and the post-mixing chamber 13, a back pressure occurs, by means of which the axial flow is braked. The distribution of the emulsion over the cross section of the outlet bores 14 is thus much more uniform than in the case of nozzles without a blind hole, as a result of which the service life of the nozzle head is extended.

Claims (5)

1. Burner for liquid fuels containing preferentially solid matter, with a nozzle head which comprises a mixing space into which a fuel duct (3) and a pulverizing fluid duct (4) end where each flow lane shows a narrowest cross-section limiting the flow volume and where outlet bores (15) are provided downstream of the mixing space, characterized by an admission section (12) downstream of the pre-mixing space (11) type mixing space which shows the narrowest cross-section for joint feeding of the fuel and pulverizing fluid and which is jointly passed by the fuel and the pulverizing fluid so that the pulverizing fluid is led alongside the wall of the admission section (12).
2. Burner according to claim 1, characterized by the pulverizing fluid duct (4) which is connected with an annular collecting space (8) which concentrically surrounds the downstream end of the fuel duct (3), is arranged in the rear extension of the centerline of the admission section (12) with the narrowest cross-section, and is connected with the same through a conical ring duct (10) and the pre-mixing space (11).
3. Burner according to claim 2, characterized by the post-mixing space (13) which follows the admission section (12).
4. Burner according to claim 2, characterized by the downstream end of the fuel duct (3) which is contracted in its cross-section.
5. Burner according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the post-mixing space (13) which downstream is limited by a blind hole (14) and by the distance of the inlet cross-section of the outlet bores (15) from the bottom of the blind hole (14) which is at least equal to half the diameter of the blind hole (14).
EP85101685A 1984-07-18 1985-02-15 Burner for liquid fuels, especially fuels containing solid particles Expired EP0172303B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85101685T ATE34446T1 (en) 1984-07-18 1985-02-15 BURNERS FOR LIQUID FUELS, ESPECIALLY SOLID FUELS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3426488 1984-07-18
DE19843426488 DE3426488A1 (en) 1984-07-18 1984-07-18 BURNER FOR LIQUID, ESPECIALLY SOLID, FUELS CONTAINING

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0172303A1 EP0172303A1 (en) 1986-02-26
EP0172303B1 true EP0172303B1 (en) 1988-05-18

Family

ID=6240972

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85101685A Expired EP0172303B1 (en) 1984-07-18 1985-02-15 Burner for liquid fuels, especially fuels containing solid particles

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0172303B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE34446T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3426488A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3671656D1 (en) * 1986-07-14 1990-07-05 Ente Naz Energia Elettrica SPRAYER FOR A BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL.
US4819878A (en) * 1987-07-14 1989-04-11 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Dual fluid atomizer
JP2581626B2 (en) * 1991-10-02 1997-02-12 日本メンテ開発株式会社 Concrete repair agent injection plug
DE4212360A1 (en) * 1992-04-13 1993-10-14 Babcock Energie Umwelt Burner lance for atomizing a coal-water suspension
EP0586912A3 (en) * 1992-09-08 1994-11-30 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Spray nozzle.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT38113B (en) * 1908-08-31 1909-07-26 Oesterreichische Maschb Aktien Burners for oil firing.
AT48502B (en) * 1910-03-05 1911-06-10 Martin Domiszewski Jet burners for furnaces operated with liquid fuel.
US1071381A (en) * 1912-07-13 1913-08-26 David V Sutton Liquid-fuel burner.
GB2060158A (en) * 1979-10-02 1981-04-29 Shell Int Research Solid fuel combustion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE34446T1 (en) 1988-06-15
DE3426488A1 (en) 1986-01-30
DE3562818D1 (en) 1988-06-23
EP0172303A1 (en) 1986-02-26

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