EP0170995B1 - Mixing device - Google Patents

Mixing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0170995B1
EP0170995B1 EP85109386A EP85109386A EP0170995B1 EP 0170995 B1 EP0170995 B1 EP 0170995B1 EP 85109386 A EP85109386 A EP 85109386A EP 85109386 A EP85109386 A EP 85109386A EP 0170995 B1 EP0170995 B1 EP 0170995B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing device
housing
mixing
movable element
conveying screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85109386A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0170995A3 (en
EP0170995A2 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Kratz
Helmut Walter
Eckhard Dipl.-Ing. Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0170995A2 publication Critical patent/EP0170995A2/en
Publication of EP0170995A3 publication Critical patent/EP0170995A3/en
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Publication of EP0170995B1 publication Critical patent/EP0170995B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
    • B01F27/192—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with dissimilar elements
    • B01F27/1921—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with dissimilar elements comprising helical elements and paddles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/1238—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers for materials flowing continuously through the mixing device and with incorporated feeding or discharging devices
    • B28C5/1292—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers for materials flowing continuously through the mixing device and with incorporated feeding or discharging devices with rotating stirring and feeding or discharging means fixed on the same axis, e.g. in an inclined container fed at its lower part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mixing device for incorporating bio-harmful, in particular radioactive waste into a solidifying binder with a pre-mixer, a continuous mixer and a discharge pump.
  • the device of the type mentioned above which is known from DE-OS-3 202 518, has three spindles arranged at right angles to one another, some of which comprise a plurality of movable members and are each actuated by a separate drive motor.
  • the so-called continuous mixer shaft also serves as a discharge pump, because it extends from a screw conveyor, with which dry cement is fed, to an outlet opening.
  • the known device is complex, and not only the production is to be considered but also the operation. In particular, under radiation conditions in the treatment of radioactive waste, it is not possible to maintain and repair the device by access at any time.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device which is simpler and thus less susceptible to faults than the known device and with which the integration of bio-harmful wastes succeeds economically and reliably.
  • the pre-mixer, the continuous mixer and the discharge pump have rotating movable members which are joined along a common axis of rotation and are arranged in a tubular housing with at least predominantly vertical direction, on the upper end face of which there is a common drive motor that the movable member of the premixer is guided centrally in the housing and that the movable member of the discharge pump sits eccentrically and with play in the housing.
  • the invention is a significant simplification because only a single motor actuates the assembled movable members.
  • the problems associated with the redirection from one spindle to the other and the coordination of the support required for a defined end product are eliminated.
  • the vertical direction of the housing uses the force of gravity to support the mixture, including the premixing and the pumping action for discharge.
  • the mixing tool (as is usual with downflow mixers) constantly dips and dips out of the product and thereby grows from the inside due to product deposits. Rather, the movable member of the premixer guided in the housing achieves a cleaning effect in which the housing wall is constantly scratched free.
  • the movable member of the discharge pump which is arranged eccentrically and is designed accordingly, regardless of the mixing action. You can therefore get by with smaller forces. This simplifies the construction and also reduces the susceptibility to faults.
  • the new mixing device can also be cleaned well, with a rinse discharging adhering dirt downwards.
  • the movable member of the premixer can be designed, in particular, to be flexible and movably supported with respect to the discharge pump, as will be explained in more detail later on using the description of an exemplary embodiment. This reduces the build-up of incrustations and also wear. Nevertheless, a repair option is recommended in that the movable member of the discharge pump is coupled to the drive motor via a part which is rigid in the direction of rotation and which is designed to be divisible between the movable member of the continuous mixer and the drive motor.
  • the housing can advantageously be connected at an acute angle to a feed pipe whose end facing away from the housing lies next to the drive motor.
  • the feed pipe can run directly vertically, while the tubular housing has the inclination with respect to the vertical determined by the acute angle. In addition, this can reduce the overall height, as will be seen in more detail later.
  • the mixing tool consists of a center shaft with a mixing fork and an externally centric screw conveyor.
  • the mixing tool of the premixer comprises at least one rod which runs parallel to the inside of the tubular housing and projects into the area of the continuous mixer.
  • the rod acts as a scraper, which removes incrustations from the inside of the housing and compensates for unbalance caused by rotation of the mixing tool with little wear.
  • the mixing tool comprises a screw conveyor and that the rod protrudes through recesses in the screw conveyor.
  • the rod can be welded to the end of the screw conveyor facing the continuous mixer.
  • the aforementioned screw conveyor is advantageously a helically wound sheet metal strip, the width of which is as large as the inside diameter. It should be noted that the width of the sheet metal strip as the upper limit corresponds to the difference between the inside diameter of the mixer housing and the free space required by the pendulum movement of the drive shaft.
  • the screw conveyor is wound around a shaft, which is preferably rectangular in cross section, and is attached to it only at individual points. In particular, the screw conveyor is rigidly attached only to the uppermost passage on the enlarged head part of the shaft. This is advantageous because it is therefore a certain flexibility of the screw conveyor is achieved, which contracts depending on the load and therefore changes the outer diameter.
  • the head part is advantageously connected to the rest of the shaft via a detachable connection in order to be able to replace the components subject to wear at low cost.
  • the plant shown in Fig. 1 is located in a building 1 of the nuclear power plant, which ensures that only controlled access is possible.
  • the walls 2, 3, 4, etc. of building 1 are made of concrete and therefore provide the necessary shielding, since the system is used to incorporate radioactive waste, such as is generated by coolant cleaning, decontamination, etc. in a nuclear power plant.
  • radioactive waste such as is generated by coolant cleaning, decontamination, etc. in a nuclear power plant.
  • they are dried ion exchange resins, borates which have been thickened by evaporation and, if appropriate, further dried, but also contaminated solids, such as filter aids, which have been comminuted, combustion residues or the like.
  • a pump 6 feeds liquid waste, mixing water or other liquid binder components, as shown in FIG. 1, with its pressure line 7 into inlet ports 8A, 8B of two identical mixing devices 10A and 10B, which are arranged symmetrically to one another.
  • the devices 10A, 10B are fed with solid waste and binders from above via cellular wheel locks 11A and 11B, which are connected to a conveyor system 13 via slides 12A, 12B.
  • the conveyor system 13 comprises, for example, a worm 15 driven by a motor 14, with which the device 10A or 10B can be loaded, depending on the direction of rotation.
  • a connection 17A, 17B is provided on vertical feed pipes 16A, 16B for a ventilation system, with which exhaust gases are disposed of in a controlled manner.
  • the product produced with the devices 10A, 10B passes through an outlet hose 18A or 18B into drums 19 which are brought to a treadmill 21 by means of a treadmill 20, on which they pass to the Devices 10A, 10B are available. After filling, they can be transported to the exit using a treadmill 22.
  • each mixing device 10 comprises a tubular housing 25 with a diameter of, for example, 150 mm. It consists of three cylindrical sections 26, 27 and 28, which are connected to one another and to a geared motor 30 via flanges 29. Section 26 corresponds to the premixer, section 27 to the continuous mixer and section 28 to the discharge pump.
  • a feed pipe 31 is attached to the upper section 26 at an acute angle of, for example, 30 °, and its flange 32 can be used to connect it to the pipe 16 and to the rotary valve 11.
  • a nipple 33 is provided, on which the outlet hose 18 can be clamped.
  • the housing 25 contains the movable members of the mixing device 10 shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, which are connected to the geared motor 30 as a common drive via a coupling pin 35. It is a screw conveyor or mixing screw 36, a mixing fork 37 and a discharge spindle 38, which are joined along a common axis of rotation 39.
  • the screw conveyor 36 which serves as a pre-mixer, is formed by a sheet metal strip 40, which is for example 6 mm thick and forms a spindle with an outer diameter D of 130 mm corresponding to the inner diameter of the housing section 26, 27 (mixing tube) and an inner diameter d of 45 mm is wound around a rectangular shaft 41.
  • the rectangular shaft 41 is divided and detachably assembled with tabs 42 and screws 43.
  • the shaft 41 is only welded to the sheet metal strip 40 at the motor end on its narrow sides, i.e. in the area of the first two courses, as indicated in FIGS. 3 and 4 at 44 and 45.
  • a rod 48 with a square cross section extends with its outside to the circumference of the sheet metal strip 40, as shown in FIG. 5, so that it is installed parallel to the inside of the housing 25 runs.
  • the rod 48 acts as a scraper because the screw conveyor 36 is centered in the housing 25.
  • the axis 46 of the rod 48 has an eccentricity e of 8 mm at the end facing away from the motor, to which the lower end 49 of the sheet metal strip is welded at 50.
  • the sheet metal strip 40 reaches over the mixing fork 37, i.e. in the area of the continuous mixer.
  • the mixing fork 37 is at 51 with the rectangle shaft 41 rigidly connected. On a cross strut 53 of the mixing fork 37 there is a coupling pin 54, over which a corresponding counterpart of the discharge spindle 38 engages. Mixing fork 37 and discharge spindle 38, which sit with play in the housing sections 27 and 28, perform planetary movements which are given by the eccentricity e.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mischvorrichtung für das Einbinden bioschädlicher, insbesondere radioaktiver Abfälle in ein verfestigendes Bindemittel mit einem Vormischer, einem Durchlaufmischer und einer Austragspumpe.The invention relates to a mixing device for incorporating bio-harmful, in particular radioactive waste into a solidifying binder with a pre-mixer, a continuous mixer and a discharge pump.

Die aus der DE-OS-3 202 518 bekannte Vorrichtung der oben genannten Art besitzt drei unter einem rechten Winkel zueinander angeordnete Spindeln, die zum Teil mehrere bewegliche Glieder umfassen und jeweils von einem eigenen Antriebsmotor betätigt werden. Die sogenannte Durchlaufmischerwelle dient dabei zugleich als Austragspumpe, denn sie erstreckt sich von einem Transportschneckenförderer, mit dem Trockenzement herangeführt wird, bis zu einer Auslauföffnung. Dennoch ist die bekannte Vorrichtung aufwendig, wobei nicht nur die Herstellung in Betracht zu ziehen ist sondern auch der Betrieb. Vor allem unter Strahlungsbedingungen bei der Behandlung radioaktiver Abfälle ist es nämlich nicht möglich, die Vorrichtung durch einen jederzeitigen Zugang zu warten und zu reparieren.The device of the type mentioned above, which is known from DE-OS-3 202 518, has three spindles arranged at right angles to one another, some of which comprise a plurality of movable members and are each actuated by a separate drive motor. The so-called continuous mixer shaft also serves as a discharge pump, because it extends from a screw conveyor, with which dry cement is fed, to an outlet opening. Nevertheless, the known device is complex, and not only the production is to be considered but also the operation. In particular, under radiation conditions in the treatment of radioactive waste, it is not possible to maintain and repair the device by access at any time.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt deshalb darin, eine gegenüber dem Bekannten einfachere und damit weniger störanfällige Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit der das Einbinden bioschädlicher Abfälle wirtschaftlich und betriebssicher gelingt.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device which is simpler and thus less susceptible to faults than the known device and with which the integration of bio-harmful wastes succeeds economically and reliably.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, daß der Vormischer, der Durchlaufmischer und die Austragspumpe rotierende bewegliche Glieder haben, die längs einer gemeinsamen Rotationsachse zusammengefügt und in einem rohrförmigen Gehäuse mit mindestens überwiegend vertikaler Richtung angeordnet sind, an dessen oberer Stirnseite ein gemeinsamer Antriebsmotor sitzt, daß das bewegliche Glied des Vormischers in dem Gehäuse zentrisch geführt ist und daß das bewegliche Glied der Austragspumpe exzentrisch und mit Spiel in dem Gehäuse sitzt.According to the invention, it is provided that the pre-mixer, the continuous mixer and the discharge pump have rotating movable members which are joined along a common axis of rotation and are arranged in a tubular housing with at least predominantly vertical direction, on the upper end face of which there is a common drive motor that the movable member of the premixer is guided centrally in the housing and that the movable member of the discharge pump sits eccentrically and with play in the housing.

Die Erfindung bedeutet eine wesentliche Vereinfachung, weil nur ein einziger Motor die zusammengefügten beweglichen Glieder betätigt. Es entfallen die Probleme bei der Umlenkung von einer Spindel zur anderen und die Koordination der Förderung, die für ein definiertes Endprodukt benötigt wird. Dabei wird durch die vertikale Richtung des Gehäuses die Schwerkraft zur Unterstützung der Mischung einschließlich der Vormischung und der Pumpenwirkung zum Austragen herangezogen.The invention is a significant simplification because only a single motor actuates the assembled movable members. The problems associated with the redirection from one spindle to the other and the coordination of the support required for a defined end product are eliminated. The vertical direction of the housing uses the force of gravity to support the mixture, including the premixing and the pumping action for discharge.

Zusätzlich wird vermieden, daß das Mischwerkzeug (wie bei Fallstrommischern üblich) ständig aus dem Produkt aus- und eintaucht und dabei durch Produktablagerungen von innen heraus zuwächst. Vielmehr wird durch das im Gehäuse geführte bewegliche Glied des Vormischers eine Reinigungswirkung erreicht, bei der die Gehäusewand ständig freigekratzt wird.In addition, it is avoided that the mixing tool (as is usual with downflow mixers) constantly dips and dips out of the product and thereby grows from the inside due to product deposits. Rather, the movable member of the premixer guided in the housing achieves a cleaning effect in which the housing wall is constantly scratched free.

Das unabhängig von der Mischwirkung exzentrisch angeordnete und dementsprechend gestaltete bewegliche Glied der Austragspumpe kann im Gegensatz zum Bekannten optimiert werden. Man kommt deshalb mit kleineren Kräften aus. Dies erleichtert den konstruktiven Aufbau und verringert ebenfalls die Störanfälligkeit. Außerdem läßt sich die neue Mischvorrichtung auch gut reinigen, wobei eine Spülung anhaftende Verschmutzungen nach unten austrägt.In contrast to what is known, the movable member of the discharge pump, which is arranged eccentrically and is designed accordingly, regardless of the mixing action. You can therefore get by with smaller forces. This simplifies the construction and also reduces the susceptibility to faults. In addition, the new mixing device can also be cleaned well, with a rinse discharging adhering dirt downwards.

Das bewegliche Glied des Vormischers kann insbesondere flexibel ausgebildet und beweglich gegenüber der Austragspumpe abgestützt sein, wie anhand der Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels später näher erläutert wird. Dies verringert das Ansetzen von Verkrustungen und auch den Verschleiß. Dennoch empfiehlt sich eine Reparaturmöglichkeit dadurch, daß das bewegliche Glied der Austragspumpe über ein in Rotationsrichtung starres Teil mit dem Antriebsmotor gekuppelt ist, das zwischen dem beweglichen Glied des Durchlaufmischers und dem Antriebsmotor teilbar ausgebildet ist.The movable member of the premixer can be designed, in particular, to be flexible and movably supported with respect to the discharge pump, as will be explained in more detail later on using the description of an exemplary embodiment. This reduces the build-up of incrustations and also wear. Nevertheless, a repair option is recommended in that the movable member of the discharge pump is coupled to the drive motor via a part which is rigid in the direction of rotation and which is designed to be divisible between the movable member of the continuous mixer and the drive motor.

Das Gehäuse kann vorteilhaft spitzwinklig mit einem Zuführungsrohr verbunden sein, dessen dem Gehäuse abgekehrtes Ende neben dem Antriebsmotor liegt. Hierbei kann zum Beispiel das Zuführungsrohr direkt vertikal verlaufen, während das rohrförmige Gehäuse die durch den spitzen Winkel bestimmte Neigung gegenüber der Vertikalen hat. Außerdem läßt sich dadurch die Bauhöhe verringern, wie später noch näher ersichtlich wird. Das Mischwerkzeug besteht aus einem Mittelschaft mit Mischgabel sowie einer außen zentrischen Förderschnecke.The housing can advantageously be connected at an acute angle to a feed pipe whose end facing away from the housing lies next to the drive motor. Here, for example, the feed pipe can run directly vertically, while the tubular housing has the inclination with respect to the vertical determined by the acute angle. In addition, this can reduce the overall height, as will be seen in more detail later. The mixing tool consists of a center shaft with a mixing fork and an externally centric screw conveyor.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn das Mischwerkzeug des Vormischers mindestens einen Stab umfaßt, der parallel zur Innenseite des rohrförmigen Gehäuses verläuft und in den Bereich des Durchlaufmischers ragt. Mit einem solchen Stab kann dafür gesorgt werden, daß die Mischzone nicht zugesetzt werden kann. Dabei wirkt der Stab als Schaber, der die Gehäuseinnenwand von Verkrustungen befreit und konstruktiv bedingte, bei Rotation des Mischwerkzeugs entstehende Unwuchten mit geringem Verschleiß ausgleicht. Dies wird insbesondere so verwirklicht, daß das Mischwerkzeug eine Förderschnecke umfaßt und daß der Stab durch Ausnehmungen der Förderschnecke ragt. Dabei kann man den Stab mit dem dem Durchlaufmischer zugekehrten Ende der Förderschnecke verschweißen.It is particularly favorable if the mixing tool of the premixer comprises at least one rod which runs parallel to the inside of the tubular housing and projects into the area of the continuous mixer. With such a rod it can be ensured that the mixing zone cannot be added. The rod acts as a scraper, which removes incrustations from the inside of the housing and compensates for unbalance caused by rotation of the mixing tool with little wear. This is realized in particular in such a way that the mixing tool comprises a screw conveyor and that the rod protrudes through recesses in the screw conveyor. The rod can be welded to the end of the screw conveyor facing the continuous mixer.

Die genannte Förderschnecke ist vorteilhaft ein schraubenlinienförmig gewundener Blechstreifen, dessen Breite so groß wie der Innendurchmesser ist. Dabei ist zu beachten, daß die Breite des Blechstreifens als Obergrenze der Differenz zwischen Innendurchmesser des Mischergehäuses und dem durch Pendelbewegung des Antriebsschaftes erforderlichen Freiraumes entspricht. Die Förderschnecke ist um einen im Querschnitt vorzugsweise rechteckigen Schaft gewunden und an diesem nur an einzelnen Punkten befestigt. Insbesondere ist die Förderschnecke nur mit dem obersten Gang an dem erweiterten Kopfteil des Schaftes starr befestigt Dies ist deswegen günstig, weil damit eine gewisse Flexibilität der Förderschnecke erreicht wird, die sich belastungsabhängig zusammenzieht und daher den Außendurchmesser ändert. Durch diese Bewegungen wird verhindert, daß sich Verkrustungen ansetzen, die die Rotation der Schnecke und die Bewegung des Fördergutes beeinträchtigen. Durch eine Antihaftbeschichtung, zum Beispiel aus Polytetrafluoräthylen, des Mischwerkzeuges kann die Verkrustungsneigung bei Verarbeitung bestimmter Stoffe weiter herabgesetzt werden. Dennoch ist das Kopfteil vorteilhaft über eine lösbare Verbindung mit dem übrigen Schaft verbunden, um die dem Verschleiß unterliegenden Bauelemente kostengünstig ersetzen zu können.The aforementioned screw conveyor is advantageously a helically wound sheet metal strip, the width of which is as large as the inside diameter. It should be noted that the width of the sheet metal strip as the upper limit corresponds to the difference between the inside diameter of the mixer housing and the free space required by the pendulum movement of the drive shaft. The screw conveyor is wound around a shaft, which is preferably rectangular in cross section, and is attached to it only at individual points. In particular, the screw conveyor is rigidly attached only to the uppermost passage on the enlarged head part of the shaft. This is advantageous because it is therefore a certain flexibility of the screw conveyor is achieved, which contracts depending on the load and therefore changes the outer diameter. These movements prevent incrustations from accumulating which impair the rotation of the screw and the movement of the material being conveyed. An anti-stick coating, for example made of polytetrafluoroethylene, of the mixing tool can further reduce the tendency towards incrustation when processing certain substances. Nevertheless, the head part is advantageously connected to the rest of the shaft via a detachable connection in order to be able to replace the components subject to wear at low cost.

Zur näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben. Dabei zeigt: die

  • Fig. 1 in einer Seitenansicht eine Anlage zum Einbinden bioschädlicher, nämlich radioaktiver Abfälle, die zwei parallel angeordnete Vorrichtungen nach der Erfindung umfaßt. Die
  • Fig. 2 zeigt eine dieser Vorrichtungen in einem Ausschnitt als Seitenansicht. In
  • Fig. 3 sind die beweglichen Glieder der Vorrichtung dargestellt, wobei in den
  • Fig. 4, 5 und 6 Schnitte gezeichnet sind, deren Lage in der Fig. 3 zu sehen ist.
To explain the invention in more detail, an exemplary embodiment is described with reference to the accompanying drawing. It shows: the
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of a plant for integrating bio-harmful, namely radioactive waste, which comprises two devices arranged in parallel according to the invention. The
  • Fig. 2 shows one of these devices in a detail as a side view. In
  • Fig. 3, the movable members of the device are shown, wherein in the
  • 4, 5 and 6 sections are drawn, the position of which can be seen in FIG. 3.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Anlage sitzt in einem Gebäude 1 des Kernkraftwerkes, mit dem sichergestellt ist, daß nur ein kontrollierter Zugang möglich ist. Die Wände 2, 3,4 usw. des Gebäudes 1 bestehen aus Beton und sorgen deshalb für die erforderliche Abschirmung, denn die Anlage dient zum Einbinden radioaktiver Abfälle, wie sie in einem Kernkraftwerk bei der Kühlmittelreinigung, Dekontaminierung usw. anfallen. Es handelt sich also zum Beispiel um getrocknete lonenaustauscherharze, um Borate, die durch Eindampfen verdickt und gegebenenfalls weiter getrocknet sind, aber auch um kontaminierte Feststoffe, wie Filterhilfsmittel, die zerkleinert sind, Verbrennungsrückstände oder dergleichen.The plant shown in Fig. 1 is located in a building 1 of the nuclear power plant, which ensures that only controlled access is possible. The walls 2, 3, 4, etc. of building 1 are made of concrete and therefore provide the necessary shielding, since the system is used to incorporate radioactive waste, such as is generated by coolant cleaning, decontamination, etc. in a nuclear power plant. Thus, for example, they are dried ion exchange resins, borates which have been thickened by evaporation and, if appropriate, further dried, but also contaminated solids, such as filter aids, which have been comminuted, combustion residues or the like.

An der Wand 2 sitzt eine Pumpe 6. Sie speist mit ihrer Druckleitung 7 flüssige Abfälle, Anmachwasser oder andere flüssige Bindemittelkomponenten, wie die Fig. 1 zeigt, in Einlaßstutzen 8A, 8B von zwei gleichen Mischvorrichtungen 10A und 10B, die symmetrisch zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Vorrichtungen 10A, 10B werden mit festen Abfällen und Bindemitteln von oben über Zellradschleusen 11A und 11 B gespeist, die über Schieber 12A, 12B mit einer Förderanlage 13 verbunden sind.On the wall 2 there is a pump 6. It feeds liquid waste, mixing water or other liquid binder components, as shown in FIG. 1, with its pressure line 7 into inlet ports 8A, 8B of two identical mixing devices 10A and 10B, which are arranged symmetrically to one another. The devices 10A, 10B are fed with solid waste and binders from above via cellular wheel locks 11A and 11B, which are connected to a conveyor system 13 via slides 12A, 12B.

Die Förderanlage 13 umfaßt zum Beispiel eine von einem Motor 14 angetriebene Schnecke 15, mit der je nach der Drehrichtung die Vorrichtung 10A oder 10B beschickt werden kann. Unterhalb der Zellradschleusen 11A, 11B ist an vertikalen Zuführungsrohren 16A, 16B ein Anschluß 17A, 17B für eine Belüftungsanlage vorgesehen, mit der Abgase kontrolliert entsorgt werden.The conveyor system 13 comprises, for example, a worm 15 driven by a motor 14, with which the device 10A or 10B can be loaded, depending on the direction of rotation. Below the cellular wheel locks 11A, 11B, a connection 17A, 17B is provided on vertical feed pipes 16A, 16B for a ventilation system, with which exhaust gases are disposed of in a controlled manner.

Das mit den Vorrichtungen 10A, 10B hergestellte Produkt, insbesondere eine Mischung aus Abfällen, Zement und Wasser, gelangt dann durch einen Auslaßschlauch 18A bzw. 18B in Fässer 19, die mit einem Laufband 20 auf ein Laufband 21 gebracht werden, auf dem sie an den Vorrichtungen 10A, 10B stehen. Nach dem Füllen können sie mit einem Laufband 22 zum Ausgang transportiert werden.The product produced with the devices 10A, 10B, in particular a mixture of waste, cement and water, then passes through an outlet hose 18A or 18B into drums 19 which are brought to a treadmill 21 by means of a treadmill 20, on which they pass to the Devices 10A, 10B are available. After filling, they can be transported to the exit using a treadmill 22.

Jede Mischvorrichtung 10 umfaßt, wie die Fig. 2 zeigt, ein rohrförmiges Gehäuse 25 mit einem Durchmesser von zum Beispiel 150 mm. Es besteht aus drei zylindrischen Abschnitten 26, 27 und 28, die über Flansche 29 miteinander und mit einem Getriebemotor 30 verbunden sind. Dabei entspricht der Abschnitt 26 dem Vormischer, der Abschnitt 27 dem Durchlaufmischer und der Abschnitt 28 der Austragspumpe.As shown in FIG. 2, each mixing device 10 comprises a tubular housing 25 with a diameter of, for example, 150 mm. It consists of three cylindrical sections 26, 27 and 28, which are connected to one another and to a geared motor 30 via flanges 29. Section 26 corresponds to the premixer, section 27 to the continuous mixer and section 28 to the discharge pump.

Am oberen Abschnitt 26 ist unter einem spitzen Winkel von zum Beispiel 30° ein Zuführungsrohr 31 angesetzt, das mit seinem Flansch 32 mit dem Rohr 16 und mit der Zellradschleuse 11 verbunden werden kann. Am unteren Ende des Gehäuseteils 28 ist ein Nippel 33 vorgesehen, auf dem der Auslaßschlauch 18 aufgeklemmt werden kann.A feed pipe 31 is attached to the upper section 26 at an acute angle of, for example, 30 °, and its flange 32 can be used to connect it to the pipe 16 and to the rotary valve 11. At the lower end of the housing part 28, a nipple 33 is provided, on which the outlet hose 18 can be clamped.

Das Gehäuse 25 enthält die in Fig. 3 bis 6 dargestellten beweglichen Glieder der Mischvorrichtung 10, die über einen Kupplungszapfen 35 mit dem Getriebemotor 30 als gemeinsamer Antrieb verbunden sind. Es handelt sich um eine Förderschnecke bzw. Mischschnecke 36, eine Mischgabel 37 und eine Austragsspindel 38, die längs einer gemeinsamen Rotationsachse 39 zusammengefügt sind.The housing 25 contains the movable members of the mixing device 10 shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, which are connected to the geared motor 30 as a common drive via a coupling pin 35. It is a screw conveyor or mixing screw 36, a mixing fork 37 and a discharge spindle 38, which are joined along a common axis of rotation 39.

Die Förderschnecke 36, die als Vormischer dient, wird von einem Blechstreifen 40 gebildet, der zum Beispiel 6 mm dick ist und zu einer Spindel mit einem Außendurchmesser D von 130 mm entsprechend dem Innendurchmesser des Gehäuseabschnitts 26, 27 (Mischrohr) und einem Innendurchmesser d von 45 mm um einen Rechteckschaft 41 gewunden ist. Der Rechteckschaft 41 ist geteilt ausgeführt und mit Laschen 42 und Schrauben 43 lösbar zusammengesetzt. Der Schaft 41 ist mit dem Blechstreifen 40 nur am motorseitigen Ende an seinen Schmalseiten verschweißt, d.h. im Bereich der ersten zwei Gänge, wie in den Fig. 3 und 4 bei 44 und 45 angedeutet ist.The screw conveyor 36, which serves as a pre-mixer, is formed by a sheet metal strip 40, which is for example 6 mm thick and forms a spindle with an outer diameter D of 130 mm corresponding to the inner diameter of the housing section 26, 27 (mixing tube) and an inner diameter d of 45 mm is wound around a rectangular shaft 41. The rectangular shaft 41 is divided and detachably assembled with tabs 42 and screws 43. The shaft 41 is only welded to the sheet metal strip 40 at the motor end on its narrow sides, i.e. in the area of the first two courses, as indicated in FIGS. 3 and 4 at 44 and 45.

In Ausnehmungen 47 der in Förderrichtung hinteren Windungen des Blechstreifens 40 ragt ein im Querschnitt quadratischer Stab 48, der mit seiner Außenseite an den Umfang des Blechstreifens 40 reicht, wie die Fig. 5 zeigt, so daß er in eingebautem Zustand parallel zur Innenseite des Gehäuses 25 verläuft. Dort wirkt der Stab 48 als Schaber, weil die Förderschnecke 36 im Gehäuse 25 zentriert ist. Die Achse 46 des Stabes 48 besitzt an dem dem Motor abgekehrten Ende, an dem das untere Ende 49 des Blechstreifens bei 50 angeschweißt ist, eine Exzentrizität e von 8 mm. Dort greift der Blechstreifen 40 über die Mischgabel 37, d.h. in den Bereich des Durchlaufmischers.In recesses 47 of the rear turns of the sheet metal strip 40 in the conveying direction, a rod 48 with a square cross section extends with its outside to the circumference of the sheet metal strip 40, as shown in FIG. 5, so that it is installed parallel to the inside of the housing 25 runs. There, the rod 48 acts as a scraper because the screw conveyor 36 is centered in the housing 25. The axis 46 of the rod 48 has an eccentricity e of 8 mm at the end facing away from the motor, to which the lower end 49 of the sheet metal strip is welded at 50. There, the sheet metal strip 40 reaches over the mixing fork 37, i.e. in the area of the continuous mixer.

Die Mischgabel 37 ist bei 51 mit dem Rechteckschaft 41 starr verbunden. An einer Querstrebe 53 der Mischgabel 37 sitzt ein Kupplungszapfen 54, über den ein entsprechendes Gegenstück der Austragsspindel 38 greift. Mischgabel 37 und Austragsspindel 38, die mit Spiel in den Gehäuseabschnitten 27 und 28 sitzen, führen Planetenbewegungen aus, die durch die Exzentrizität e gegeben sind.The mixing fork 37 is at 51 with the rectangle shaft 41 rigidly connected. On a cross strut 53 of the mixing fork 37 there is a coupling pin 54, over which a corresponding counterpart of the discharge spindle 38 engages. Mixing fork 37 and discharge spindle 38, which sit with play in the housing sections 27 and 28, perform planetary movements which are given by the eccentricity e.

Claims (11)

1. Mixing device for binding biologically harmful wastes, more particularly radioactive wastes, into a consolidating binder using a pre-mixing unit, a continuous mixer and an extraction pump, characterised in that the pre-mixing unit (26), the continuous mixer (27) and the extraction pump (28) are equipped with rotating movable elements (36, 37, 38) combined along a common rotational axis (39) and disposed in an at least predominately vertical tubular housing (25), on the upper end face of which sits a common drive motor (30), in that the movable element (36) of the pre-mixing unit (26) is centrally located in the housing (25), and in that the movable element (38) of the extraction pump sits eccentrically and with clearance in the housing (25).
2. Mixing device according to claim 1, characterised in that the movable element (36) of the pre-mixing unit (26) is flexibly constructed and movably supported relative to the movable element (38) of the extraction pump.
3. Mixing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the movable element (38) of the extraction pump (28) is coupled to the drive motor (30) via a part (41) that is rigid in the direction of rotation, said part (41) being a divisible construction between the movable element (37) of the continuous mixer (27) and the drive motor (30).
4. Mixing device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the housing (25) is joined at an acute angle to a tube conveyor (16, 31), of which the end remote from the housing (25) lies adjacent the drive motor (30).
5. Mixing device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the pre-mixing unit (26, 36) incorporates a bar (48) which runs parallel to the inside face of the tubular housing (25) and projects into the range of the continuous mixer (27,37).
6. Mixing device according to claim 3, characterised in that the pre-mixing unit (26) incorporates a conveying screw (36) and that the bar (48) projects through recesses (47) in the conveying screw (36).
7. Mixing device according to claim 6, characterised in that the bar (48) is welded to the conveying screw (36) by the end (49) nearest the continuous mixer (37).
8. Mixing device according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterised in that the conveying screw (36) is a helically wound metal strip (40), the width of which is approximately the same as the internal diameter.
9. Mixing device according to claim 8, characterised in that the conveying screw (36) is wound around a shaft (41) of rectangular cross-section and fastened thereto only at discrete points (44, 45).
10. Mixing device according to claim 9, characterised in that the conveying screw (36) is rigidly fastened only by its uppermost flight to the shaft (41).
11. Mixing device according to claim 3 and claim 10, characterised in that the point of attachment is provided on the piece of the divisible shaft (41) that is nearest the motor (30).
EP85109386A 1984-08-09 1985-07-26 Mixing device Expired EP0170995B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3429412 1984-08-09
DE19843429412 DE3429412A1 (en) 1984-08-09 1984-08-09 MIXING DEVICE

Publications (3)

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EP0170995A2 EP0170995A2 (en) 1986-02-12
EP0170995A3 EP0170995A3 (en) 1987-07-15
EP0170995B1 true EP0170995B1 (en) 1989-10-25

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ID=6242736

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EP85109386A Expired EP0170995B1 (en) 1984-08-09 1985-07-26 Mixing device

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US (1) US4778277A (en)
EP (1) EP0170995B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0679076B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3429412A1 (en)
ES (1) ES8706039A1 (en)

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US5235098A (en) * 1987-06-23 1993-08-10 Basf K&F Corporation Method for preparing dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylnaphtho[2,1-b]furan and novel haloethyl decalin derivatives
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DE202004020257U1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-02-09 Knauf Pft Gmbh & Co.Kg mixing device
US7513963B2 (en) * 2006-11-01 2009-04-07 United States Gypsum Company Method for wet mixing cementitious slurry for fiber-reinforced structural cement panels
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US20080099133A1 (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-05-01 United States Gypsum Company Panel smoothing process and apparatus for forming a smooth continuous surface on fiber-reinforced structural cement panels
US7524386B2 (en) * 2006-11-01 2009-04-28 United States Gypsum Company Method for wet mixing cementitious slurry for fiber-reinforced structural cement panels
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8706039A1 (en) 1987-06-01
DE3573964D1 (en) 1989-11-30
US4778277A (en) 1988-10-18
EP0170995A3 (en) 1987-07-15
EP0170995A2 (en) 1986-02-12
ES546031A0 (en) 1987-06-01
JPH0679076B2 (en) 1994-10-05
JPS6147598A (en) 1986-03-08
DE3429412A1 (en) 1986-02-20

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