EP0169432B1 - Structure multicouche pour arrêter des projectiles - Google Patents

Structure multicouche pour arrêter des projectiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0169432B1
EP0169432B1 EP85108449A EP85108449A EP0169432B1 EP 0169432 B1 EP0169432 B1 EP 0169432B1 EP 85108449 A EP85108449 A EP 85108449A EP 85108449 A EP85108449 A EP 85108449A EP 0169432 B1 EP0169432 B1 EP 0169432B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
binder
threads
laminate
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85108449A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0169432A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Dr. Neidhardt
Josef Faust
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Val Mehler AG
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Val Mehler AG
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Application filed by Val Mehler AG filed Critical Val Mehler AG
Priority to AT85108449T priority Critical patent/ATE46034T1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • B32B2038/166—Removing moisture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • B32B2038/168—Removing solvent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/18—Fabrics, textiles
    • B32B2305/188—Woven fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
    • B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates or anti-ballistic clothing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fabric provided as an intermediate product according to claim 1, a bullet-resistant laminate according to claim 4 and a method for producing the laminate according to claim 14.
  • the fabrics made of aramid fiber materials were used for the first time, the armor made of steel previously used offers significant advantages, namely better weight / performance behavior and in addition the avoidance of the disadvantages of steel armored vests, which are either rigid and are uncomfortable or do not have a surface-isotropic holding power due to the structure of the scales and also cause wear noises and other inconveniences.
  • protective vests can be produced which, as the only holding element, have a certain number of layers of aramid fabric and are able to stop revolver and pistol ammunition with soft cores up to speeds of approximately 500 m / s.
  • the number of layers required mainly depends on the type of fabric, the floor speed and the floor shape.
  • Additional steel inserts create a combined holding system from the combination of steel and aramid fabric layers arranged behind it, which, compared to steel alone, has more favorable properties and is capable (depending on the thickness and type of steel inserts used), hard-ammunition from pistol or - with stronger steel - soft and Harlkemmunifion shot down from rifles to stop.
  • the aramid fabric has the favorable property of keeping the projectiles deformed or broken up into fragments by the impact or penetration of the hard material
  • Layer packs solidified in this way by sewing in a smooth arrangement on top of each other also subsequently resulted in disadvantages, because when they bend to adapt to the body shape on the side adjacent to the body, material compression occurs which brings the individual layers to a significantly greater distance from one another. In extreme cases, this can double the total thickness of the layers at the compression points. As a result, the holding power is reduced, i. H. Bullets occur in the arched state in the case of layer packs which do not suffer bullets in the flat state. The inward elevations also result in some discomfort when worn.
  • a bullet-resistant laminate package produced in this way is not sufficiently bulletproof since the individual layers at least partially detach from one another from shot to shot, thus delamination of the packet occurs. This delamination also deteriorates the holding effect of the package itself, so that the layers have to be raised to produce a bulletproof package, which is undesirable for reasons of weight.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a laminate of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it has an improved holding performance in comparison to layered, sewn or ply layers of fabric or impregnated with resins or plastics.
  • a laminate is made available which, compared to the known laminates, has a considerably improved retention capacity in relation to an impact impulse at high speed.
  • such laminates can manage with a considerably smaller number of fabric layers, so that the weight of these laminates and also the production costs can be considerably reduced.
  • this could be achieved by providing the smallest possible amount of binding agent between the fabric layers, the fabric layers being as close as possible to one another and at the same time impairing the textile fabric character of the individual layers as little as possible.
  • the high strength and the high modulus of the aramid fibers in combination with the high number of individual capillaries and their mobility to one another are the decisive factors which cause the effect of stopping projectiles.
  • the increase in strength caused by the module during the impulse at high speed can only have a full effect if the greater part of the threads and the vast majority of the capillaries still have local mobility.
  • the aramid threads used for the production of the fabric usually consist of several hundred monofilament filaments or capillaries, which are combined with or without rotation to form the respective thread. According to the invention, it was found that only the filaments forming the outer surface of the thread should be occupied by the binder, while the filaments arranged after the outer surface of the thread, which form the core of the thread, should be essentially freely movable, that is to say not covered by the binder . As a result, the vast majority of the filaments are kept movable in a tubular network, while the overall system of the fabric layers is fixed in its spatial or surface structure
  • part of the projectile energy is absorbed by the fixed spatial network and its delamination when a projectile hits it, while the remaining part can be absorbed by the unfixed internal filaments, which, due to their free mobility, can absorb the projectile energy.
  • a laminate was created from a large number of fabric layers with a small amount of binding agent, which was solidified in such a way that a certain separation strength of the layers with one another was achieved, which on the one hand is sufficient to ensure a permanent layer bond, but on the other hand is not too high is, so that the impacting projectile is able to separate one layer after the other from the laminate at the point of impact, thereby additionally reducing its energy.
  • aramid fiber such as that from the company, is used to produce the fabric for laminate production.
  • Du Pont is supplied under the name KEVLAR or by Enka AG.
  • Such aramid filament threads have a large number of individual filaments, and the number of filaments (capillaries) can vary from 134-10,000.
  • the aramid material KEVLAR 29 has proven particularly useful for the purposes of the invention.
  • a thread is advantageously used in this material which has between 267 and 1,000, in particular approximately 666 individual filaments (corresponding to 1,110 dtex).
  • the KEVLAR 29 used advantageously has an elasticity of 4% before it breaks and an elastic modulus of 59 GPa.
  • some thread layers or fabric layers of the laminate package can also be made of other synthetic fibers, e.g. B. polyamide threads.
  • B. polyamide threads In view of the aim of the weight, the sole use of aramid threads is preferred. From the point of view of costs, a proportion of up to 25% by weight not consisting of aramid fibers is possible.
  • a fabric is produced in the usual way with the aramid thread material described above, advantageously using plain weave.
  • other weaves are also possible, for example the Panama, twill, satin, atlas weave and the like. Like. Where more threads per cm are accordingly required in order to obtain uniform fabric compared to the number of threads specified for canvas.
  • a fabric made from a KEVLAR 29 aramid thread with 1 100-1 250 dtex is particularly advantageous, with about 12 threads each in warp and weft / cm.
  • Thermoplastics can be used as binders, which can be crosslinked if necessary. It should be noted here that the viscosity of the binder used is not too low, so that the binder does not penetrate into the aramid thread. This applies both to the possible application of the binder to the surfaces of the individual fabric layers and to the melt viscosity during the pressing process.
  • Polymeric organic binders are therefore used which soften thermally and, if appropriate, then thermally harden. It is advantageous to use binders which are essentially dry (not sticky) at room temperature, so that the fabrics with a binder layer or intermediate layers for the production of laminate can be stored and processed without any problems.
  • the binder can be applied to the fabric on one or both sides from solution or dispersion, the solvent or water being completely dried out.
  • a dry application is also possible, for example the application of a binder in the form of a film, which is applied to the fabric by means of hot calender rollers.
  • a film made of a suitable binder is laminated onto the fabric beforehand in the quantities mentioned per surface of the fabric or inserted in double thickness between the fabric layers before the lamination process.
  • foils with are particularly suitable for insertion between the fabric layers of a laminate package non-full-surface structure, for example foils in the form of a mesh or grid.
  • nonwovens with thermally softenable fibers are also well suited for producing the bond in certain cases.
  • Binders that can be used include thermally softenable resins such as polyethylene, polyvinyl resins such as PVC, PVA and the like. Like., Polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylates, polycarbonate, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene, polyurethanes, polyamides, and their copolymers.
  • Dissolved, spreadable polyacrylate has proven to be advantageous.
  • thermally curable polymers can also be used, for example polyurethanes or phenolic resins.
  • the binding agent is only intended for spatial arrangement and fixing.
  • the retention capacity of a laminate for projectiles is essentially determined by the aramid capillaries, by the way in which the binder is applied to the individual aramid threads and by the delamination process of the individual layers. Accordingly, the type of binder plays a rather subordinate role, although it also depends on the adhesive properties of the binder on the aramid surface and the elasticity of the binder. In this respect, binders with higher elasticity are preferred over binders with lower elasticity. Furthermore, the binders are preferred which have high adhesion to the surface of the aramid thread.
  • a smaller amount of less than 7% in relation to the laminate weight usually results in less adhesion, which can lead to poorer holding performance.
  • the correct, even application of such small amounts may be technically problematic.
  • the binder can be applied to the two surfaces of the aramid fabric using the usual methods, for example a solution of the binder with a correspondingly high viscosity can be used in order to achieve good anchoring and to penetrate too deeply over the peripheral layers of the Avoid thread capillaries. It has to be taken into account that in special cases with one or the other type of binder or the form of application of the binder, the optimum amount of the binder to be used can shift somewhat.
  • the coated fabric is cut according to the intended use and the cut fabric layers are stacked on top of one another and placed in a heatable molding press known per se.
  • This molding press can press the laminate package into all desired shapes, so that flat laminates, monoaxially aligned laminate packages (curved shields, armor and the like) and three-dimensionally aligned laminates (helmets and the like) can be produced.
  • the not yet solidified laminate consisting of the aramid fiber fabrics layered on top of each other and provided with binders, is compressed under a certain pressure and at the same time heated to the lamination temperature.
  • a pressure is selected such that the fabric layers or the threads lie as closely as possible to one another, however, particular care is taken to ensure that the molten binder does not penetrate the threads.
  • Usable laminate results are obtained with a pressure of around 3 bar. The best results are in a range of 8-20 bar. Pressures beyond this do not improve the effect; rather, the retention performance deteriorates if the amount of binder in the middle or upper range, ie. H. is above 10% by weight, because if the pressure is too high, too much binder is then pressed into the interstices of the capillaries of the threads and the unwetted proportion of capillaries in the tissue decreases.
  • This unconsolidated capillary portion based on the cross-sectional size of the thread, should be at least about 60%, preferably> 75%.
  • the heat can be transferred by means of appropriately preheated plates in the press or by excitation by means of radio frequency or microwave energy.
  • the temperature is chosen so that the binder softens and becomes flowable or cures, provided a curable resin is used. In general, temperatures between 120 and 180 ° C, preferably 150-170 ° C, are used. It should be borne in mind that the temperature naturally depends on the type of binder used. If such a binder should melt or harden at higher or lower temperatures, correspondingly higher or lower temperatures can of course be used. The preferred range applies to the polymer preferred according to the invention.
  • the dwell times in the heated press essentially depend on the heating time, which is influenced by the type of binder and to a certain extent by the number of layers of the package to be laminated.
  • the thermal conductivity of this package which influences the melting or curing process in the package, must be taken into account. In any case, it must be ensured that the binder is fully activated in every layer. Dwell times of 5-12 minutes are usually necessary in the case of a conventionally heated press, so that the temperature in the middle of the laminate package is reached which is required for the flow of the binder or, in the case of crosslinking binders, for the start of the crosslinking process.
  • Such a residence time can of course be considerably reduced if a binder is used which can be melted by means of high-frequency or microwave energy.
  • the laminate packages described above can be produced not only as flat plates but also in a spherical shape;
  • suitable devices for example a press with appropriately shaped pressure plates, must be used to ensure that heat transfer is as uniform as possible and that the pressure distribution is as isatic as possible.
  • the arched or angled laminate packages produced in this way basically have the same favorable properties as the flat packages.
  • the laminate package treated in this way has an air fraction (minus the binder fraction) in compressed form between 10-25, preferably 15-20 vol.%. on.
  • a laminate package produced in this way has an improved holding power for projectiles in relation to the previously known laminate packages made of aramid threads. As a result, the number of layers for a defined holding power can be reduced.
  • a precise comparison to determine the increase in performance shows that a bombardment with 9 mm Parabellum-Weichkem ammunition and an average speed of 420 m / sec (corresponds to a muzzle energy of the projectile of 706 joules) is certainly held by a laminate package that contains 16 layers of fabric has and on the fiction is appropriately provided with the binder.
  • the aramid fabric stacks of the prior art must have either 22 layers (sewn) or 26 layers (piled up) in order to achieve the same holding performance.
  • Surfaces of this laminate construction described above can be used to advantage, e.g. B. for reinforcements or linings in vehicles, doors and cladding of all kinds, housings of technical devices, as inserts in protective vests, as bullet-stopping inserts in briefcases and suitcases, as writing pads (notebooks) for police officers, as protective shields for the police and military, as well as as - if necessary mobile - protective walls to reduce the scatter of fragments in explosive devices of all kinds; as protective helmets of all kinds and as inserts in plastics, wood or metal profiles.
  • the soft core bullets mentioned are strongly deformed (usually flattened) during the holding process in the laminate package, as a result of which the impact area is quasi enlarged and the holding process is favored.
  • the fragments of explosive charges, bombs, explosive projectiles and hand grenades are of course also stopped, provided their speed (or impact energy) is within the range of the holding power for projectiles.
  • these laminate packages are also suitable for holding hard core bullets from handguns at speeds of up to approx. 600 m / s.
  • much greater thicknesses (22-40 mm), (considerably more individual layers (70-120) of the laminate) or Weights of approx. 20-35 kg / m 2 are used, so that the high costs of such packages, despite their favorable weight, may not be economically viable against combinations of steel plates and / or ceramic plates with Kevlar fabric packages and / or laminate packages.
  • the laminate packages described are particularly suitable as a structural element for the production of composite panels with steel and / or ceramic panels on the outside.
  • the laminate packages form the base plate on which the hard bullet resistance elements are glued or attached in some other suitable way.
  • Such composite plates with hardened special steel or ceramic plates made of AI 2 0 3 , silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide or bomitride are suitable, with a weight of 25-50 kg / m 2 , Weiicjekrn and also hard core bullets - fired from rifles at speeds between 800 m / s and!
  • the use of the laminate packages according to the invention as a base plate for ceramic reinforcements is advantageous compared to the use of base plates made of metallic hard aluminum, or of plastic-embedded glass fiber fabrics or of base plates made of hardwood / plywood.
  • the laminates of aramid fabrics according to the invention are in particular also considerably more advantageous against the action of cut and stabbing weapons than stacked or sewn packages of aramid fabric layers.
  • protective inserts for protective vests are produced from the aramid fabrics in such a way that the straight or only slightly curved surfaces in the chest and / or back area are analogous to the body shape as a laminate are pressed according to the invention, while the protruding surfaces which protrude into the side surfaces of the body or into the arm or shoulder parts remain uncompressed and therefore comfortable and flexible.
  • protruding areas can then, if necessary, be sewn together / quilted together with additional fabric layers - in order to achieve the same holding performance as in the laminated areas - in a mesh-like or similar manner, with the stitching advantageously being carried out as a «shape stitching analogous to the body curvature.
  • Protective vest inserts which are designed in this way exactly according to the body shape and consist of laminate according to the invention in the only slightly shaped areas, either have the advantage of an improved protective effect in the laminated zones - if the number of layers of aramid fabric is the same everywhere - or the advantage a lower overall weight if the level of protection is dimensioned the same over the entire area because then the laminated central areas are formed from a smaller number of layers.
  • the projectile hits on the laminate surfaces result in a significantly smaller dent in the body, or in the plastillin or soap block during the test bombardment, compared to the mown surfaces.
  • a fabric web covered with binder is shown at 10. Of these, only those are Weft threads 12 can be seen, which consist of a large number of capillaries 14.
  • the threads 12 are packed in a binder coating 16, which - as can be seen from FIG. 1 - only covers the edge region 18 of the thread 12. As a result, they are uncovered within the edge region 18 of the capillaries 14 and can move freely in the tubular channel, which is formed by the annular edge region 18, both against one another and in their longitudinal axis over a longer region.
  • a laminate package 20 is shown in FIG. 2, which consists of several coated fabric layers 10. It can be seen from this illustration that the binder 16 has also only penetrated into the annular edge region during the pressing process, but not into the thread interior 22.
  • KEVLAR 29 (1100 dtex, 666 single capillaries; no thread twist) is used to produce a fabric that has 12 threads in warp and weft / cm.
  • the weight of the fabric is about 250 g / m 2 without covering with binder.
  • a fabric web is passed through a textile coating machine in which a solution of a self-crosslinking acrylic resin is applied to the fabric web in such an amount that approximately 12 g of binder are applied to each side of the fabric web after removal of the solvent.
  • the application is essentially pressure-free and with such a viscous solution that there is no impregnation of the aramid fiber.
  • drying removing the solvent
  • the coated fabric web in dry '(non-sticky) Form and can be wound onto a roll and subsequently processed.
  • a fabric web coated in this way can be cut in a similar manner to an uncoated web of fabric, with whiskers forming on the cut edges which are due to unbound capillaries of the aramid thread.
  • a coated fabric web according to Example 1 is cut into several pieces of the same size, the fabric layers obtained being stacked on top of one another and then heated in a heatable press to a temperature of 160 ° C. and a pressure of about 10 bar. The treatment is continued until the middle layer has been safely heated to this temperature. In general, this takes about 3-5 minutes for 16 layers.
  • the mold is then cooled to room temperature while maintaining the pressure. Only then is the laminate package relieved and removed from the press.
  • the volume fraction of the air in the laminate package can be calculated from the dimensions of the treated laminate package, taking into account the weight of the untreated fabric layers and the weight of the coating agent, as well as their specific weights, which is 17% by volume here.
  • Example 2 a laminate press package with 16 layers is produced, the package having a size of 400 x 400 mm. It is then fastened in front of a plasticine block according to the guidelines of the Hiltrup police leadership academy and a bombardment from 10 m away with 9 mm parabellum -Soft ammunition released at a medium speed of 420 m / sec (corresponds to a muzzle energy of the projectile of 706 joules). 10 shots are fired, with a minimum distance of 50 mm between the individual hits on the one hand and the edge on the other hand.
  • the fabric produced according to example 1 is processed in the uncoated state to form a bombardment package, as described in example 3.
  • the fabric layers are layered tightly without sewing
  • Comparative example 1 is repeated, but the fabric layers are sewn at a distance of 30 x 30 mm in gittemetz according to DE-OS 29 31 110 analogous to the body shape.
  • the fabric according to Example 1 is provided with 50 g / m 2 of binder (19% by weight coating).
  • a laminate according to Example 2 is then produced, but with a pressure of 56 bar.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (17)

1. Tissu prévu à titre de produit intermédiaire pour la fabrication d'un stratifié pour arrêter les projectiles, qui est constitué de fils d'aramide, d'autres fils à haut module ou, le cas échéant, pour partie, d'autres fils synthétiques, caractérisé en ce que, sur au moins une face du tissu, est fixée à sec une mince couche d'un liant en matière thermoplastique, de sorte que la couche de liant (16) n'est disposée essentiellement que sur les surfaces extérieures des fils (12) et que l'espace intérieur (22) des fils est essentiellement dépourvu de liant.
2. Tissu suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le liant est prévu en une quantité de 10 à 15 g par m2.
3. Tissu suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le liant a été appliqué à partir d'une solution d'une résine acrylique, dont la viscosité est telle qu'elle n'imprègne pas les fils d'aramide, et le solvant contenu dans la solution a ensuite été éliminé par séchage.
4. Stratifié pour arrêter les projectiles, constitué d'un grand nombre d'épaisseurs de tissu réunies entre elles par des couches de liants et constituées de fils d'aramide, d'autres fils à haut module ou, le cas échéant, pour partie, d'autres fils synthétiques, caractérisé en ce qu'il a été fabriqué par superposition d'épaisseurs de tissu pourvues de liant selon les revendications 1 à 3, par pressage, puis par chauffage avec ramollissement du liant
5. Stratifié suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la fraction capillaire non mouillée des fils est d'au moins 60 %.
6. Stratifié suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la fraction capillaire non mouillée des fils est d'au moins 75 %.
7. Stratifié suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les fils d'aramide ont une ductilité de 4 % et un module d'élasticité de 59 GPa.
8. Stratifié suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les fils d'aramide comprennent 666 filaments individuels.
9. Stratifié suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le tissu est tissé en armure toile.
10. Stratifié suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le tissu est tissé suivant un compte de chaîne le plus serré possible.
11. Stratifié suivant l'une ou t'autre des revendications 9 et 10, caractérisé en ce que le tissu comprend respecüvement 12 fils de chaîne et 12 fils de trame par cm pour 1100 dtex.
12. Stratifié suivant t'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la quantité de liant séparant chaque fois deux épaisseurs de tissu, est de 20 à 30 g par m2.
13. Stratifié suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend de 7 à 13 % en poids de liant, sur base de son paquet de couches.
14. Procédé de fabrication d'un stratifié pour arrêter les projectiles, constitué d'un grand nombre d'épaisseurs de tissu, qui sont faites de fils d'aramide, d'autres fils à haut module ou, le cas échéant, pour partie, d'autres fils synthétiques, et qui sont reliées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'un liant, les épaisseurs de tissu pourvues de liant étant mises sous pression, puis chauffées, caractérisé en ce qu'un liant thermoplastique est appliqué en solution sur au moins une surface de chaque épaisseur de tissu, et lé solvant est ensuite éliminé de la couche, de sorte qu'une couche de liant sèche, non poisseuse et adhérant à la surface du tissu est obtenue, et les épaisseurs de tissu ainsi préparées sont ultérieurement traitées pour former le stratifié.
15. Procédé suivant la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le paquet de couches du stratifié est traité dans une presse à mouler à une température de 120 à 180 °C et sous une pression de 3 à 20 bars, d'une manière telle que le liant se ramollisse, devienne coulant et présente alors une viscosité telle qu'il n'imprègne en substance pas les fils.
16. Procédé suivant la revendication 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce qu'on applique une quantité d'agent d'enduction en solution telle, qu'après séchage, environ 10 à 15 g de liant par m2 restent sur le tissu.
17. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce qu'on applique sur le tissu une résine acrylique à autoréticulation qui est présente dans une dispersion ou une solution pouvant être appliquée à la brosse, et on élimine ensuite complètement le solvant ou l'eau par séchage.
EP85108449A 1984-07-18 1985-07-08 Structure multicouche pour arrêter des projectiles Expired EP0169432B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85108449T ATE46034T1 (de) 1984-07-18 1985-07-08 Geschosshemmendes laminat.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3426458 1984-07-18
DE19843426458 DE3426458A1 (de) 1984-07-18 1984-07-18 Geschosshemmendes laminat

Publications (2)

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EP0169432A1 EP0169432A1 (fr) 1986-01-29
EP0169432B1 true EP0169432B1 (fr) 1989-08-30

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EP85108449A Expired EP0169432B1 (fr) 1984-07-18 1985-07-08 Structure multicouche pour arrêter des projectiles

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EP (1) EP0169432B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE46034T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3426458A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES296139Y (fr)
FI (1) FI85120C (fr)
NO (1) NO852862L (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI852786A0 (fi) 1985-07-16
EP0169432A1 (fr) 1986-01-29
DE3572726D1 (en) 1989-10-05
ES296139U (es) 1987-12-16
NO852862L (no) 1986-01-20
FI85120B (fi) 1991-11-29
DE3426458C2 (fr) 1992-12-24
FI852786L (fi) 1986-01-19
FI85120C (fi) 1992-03-10
ATE46034T1 (de) 1989-09-15
ES296139Y (es) 1988-05-16
DE3426458A1 (de) 1986-01-30

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