EP0167557A1 - Control system for diverting/equalizing electrical potentials between two objects. - Google Patents
Control system for diverting/equalizing electrical potentials between two objects.Info
- Publication number
- EP0167557A1 EP0167557A1 EP85900221A EP85900221A EP0167557A1 EP 0167557 A1 EP0167557 A1 EP 0167557A1 EP 85900221 A EP85900221 A EP 85900221A EP 85900221 A EP85900221 A EP 85900221A EP 0167557 A1 EP0167557 A1 EP 0167557A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connection
- terminal
- plug
- truck
- electrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000270722 Crocodylidae Species 0.000 description 2
- LNNWVNGFPYWNQE-GMIGKAJZSA-N desomorphine Chemical compound C1C2=CC=C(O)C3=C2[C@]24CCN(C)[C@H]1[C@@H]2CCC[C@@H]4O3 LNNWVNGFPYWNQE-GMIGKAJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010027175 memory impairment Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003359 percent control normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05F—STATIC ELECTRICITY; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY
- H05F3/00—Carrying-off electrostatic charges
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control system for diverting and equalizing electrical potentials between two objects, for example the shell of a storage tank installation and the body of a tank truck/vessel, when loading flammable/explosive fluids, of the type recited in the preamble of the appurtenant, independent claim 1.
- the explosives control board in Norway When loading a tank truck with explosive substances, the explosives control board in Norway requires, inter alia, that the main switch in the truck's electrical system must be in the "off" position, and that eletrical connection must be established between the body of the tank truck and the shell of the storage tank.
- a crocodile clamp or the like is typically used for establishing eletrical connection with the tank truck. It the driver should forget to break the connection by removing the crocidile clamp when he has finished loading, no catastrophe results, because the contacts on the crocodile clamp will be torn loose when the truck drives away.
- Prior art systems can be delivered with electronic control of the truck's connection to the storage tank's "rack connection", but it is not known on the systems currently in use in Norway to provide a similar safeguard at the other end of the cable that establishes the electrical connection for equalizing electrical potentials.
- U.S. Patent No. 3,290,668 discloses a grounding and indicator means for checking that adequate connection has been established with the tank truck by means of a clamp with electrically insulated clamping members which are attached, e.g., to a flange or screw on the tank truck body.
- the two halves of the clamping means are connected to a control circuit comprising a voltage source, a resistor and an indicator which shows that current is flowing in the circuit when the clamp has been satisfactorily connected to the tank truck.
- This control circuit is connected to ground, but the circuit has no means for simultaneously controlling that grounding has actually been established.
- Said indicator will flash a green light and actuate or energize relays for starting the fluid pump when the connection is found to be in order, and will flash a red light and stop the pump if the connection has not been made and no current is flowing through the control circuit.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a control system for diverting/equalizing electrical potentials between two objects, for example a tank truck and a storage tank, wherein the electrical equalizer connection is continuously monitored, and which is adapted to ensure that the tank truck's electrical system will automatically fail to receive electrical current when said electrical equalizer connection has been established.
- the control system also includes fault indicator means which issue a warning if a plug connector is short-circuited or the contact is poor.
- the electrical equalizer connection's terminal at the tank truck is connected to the control circuit via separate terminals located respectively on the tank truck body and on the equlizer connection itself; therefore, the known per se control circuit, owing to the flow of current through all three said terminals, will indicate that the connections are in order and that electrical connection has been established between the truck and the equalizer connection.
- a similar control circuit is provided at the other end of the electrical equalizer connection, thus obtaining the same control at both ends.
- Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the electrical equalizer connection between the bodies of two objects and the associated control circuits
- Figure 2 is a block diagram showing how the truck's electrical system may be disconnected by means of the main switch, or optionally by a relay if the main switch has not been set in the "off" position.
- Figure 1 shows the electrical equalizer connection between the bodies of two objects, for example the body 1 of a storage tank and the body 10 of a tank truck.
- the equalizer connection consists in this case of an electrical busbar 6 permanently mounted on the storage tank and connected to the tank body 1 via a wire 5 at a terminal 1a.
- the other end of the busbar is connected via a wire 14 to the truck 10 at a terminal 10a.
- a plug connector 15 is provided on the wire 14 for connecting and disconnecting the electrical equalizer connection to/from the truck 10.
- a control circuit is provided at each end of the electrical equalizer connection, one control circuit comprising a low voltage source U 1 , a resistor 4 and an indicator means 8,9, and the other control circuit comprising a low voltage source U 2 , a resistor 13 and an indicator means 8,9.
- the terminal 1a for the equalizer connection at the storage tank 1 is connected to the control circuit via separate terminals, namely a terminal 1b on the storage tank 1 and a terminal 6a on the busbar 6.
- the other terminal 10a for the equalizer connection is similarly connected to the other control circuit via separate terminals, namely a terminal 10b on the truck 10 and a terminal 6b on the busbar 6.
- the terminals 1a and 10a are thus continuously monitored, because a current flows through each of the control circuits to indicate whether said terminals 1a and 10a are in fact connecting the electrical equalizer connection 5,6,14 to the bodies 1 and 10 of the storage tank and tank truck, respectively.
- Each of the two control circuits also comprises a means for measuring the current flow I 1 and I 2 , and a comparator which compares the measured value with predetermined values, namely a maximum and a minimum value. On the basis of these comparisons, the comparator transmits a signal to a warning means, for example a lamp 8 or 9, when the current is less than the minimum value or exceeds the maximum value.
- a warning means for example a lamp 8 or 9
- This signal can also be utilized for disconnecting the storage tank's fluid pump, thus preventing loading. If the current flow is too low, said signal will warn that at least one of the terminals has too much resistance (i.e., the terminal 1a or 10a has too much resistance relative to the body 1 or 10), which means that the electrical equalizer connection between the storage tank and the tank truck is too poor.
- the measured current value is too high, this may be due to a short-circuiting of the resistor 4 or 13 in one or the other control circuit, said resistors being respectively connected between the voltage source U 1 ; U 2 and the bodies 1; 10.
- Such a short-circuiting of the resistor 4 or 13 may result from a conscious action to obtain sufficient current in the control circuit if it shows too high resistance, in order to start the pump. This, however, will result in an excessive current value, and the fluid pump will not be able to be started.
- Each control circuit and its associated electrical components with the exception of the resistors 4;13 can be gathered into a unit 2,11 with two terminals 2a , 2b ; 11a , 11b .
- the terminals 2a , 2b on unit 2 are connected respectively to the terminal 6a on the busbar 6 and via the resistor 4 to the terminal 1b on the storage .
- the terminals 11a,11b on unit 11 are simiarly connected, respectively, to the terminal 6b on the busbar 6 and via the resistor 13 to the terminal 10b on the tank truck/vessel 10.
- Said units 2 and 11, which we may call electronic units, comprise in addition to the electrical components mentioned above in connection with each of the control circuits (such as a low voltage source, resistor and indicator means), a means for measuring the current I 1 ;I 2 in the respective control circuits, and a comparator which compares the measured value with predetermined values such as maximum and minimum values.
- the comparator may for example be arranged for sending a signal, perhaps via a relay output, to the indicator means 8,9, e.g. light diodes, when the measured current either is less than or exceeds the predetermined minimum or maximum values.
- this signal can also be utilized for disconnecting the fluid pump and thereby prevent loading, because the equalizer connection between the respective objects is not in the prescribed order.
- the two electronic units 2 and 11, as seen in Figure 1, are connected via the busbar 6 and will thus provide 100% control of the electrical equalizer connection between the bodies of the storage tank 1 and tank truck 10.
- the electronics unit 2 has a low voltage source U 2 (alternating or direct current) which produces a current I 1 which is limited by the total resistance in the control circuit 3,4, 1b,1,1a,5,6,6a 7.
- the resistor 4 is adapted to and mounted in close physical proximity to the body of the storage tank 1.
- the electronics unit 11 is identical to the unit 2, and it controls that an electrical connection exists between the busbar 6 and the body of the tank truck 10.
- the plug connector 15 for the wires 14 and 12 in the latter control circuit preferably constitutes a known per se explosion-proof switch comprising a socket member 15a and a plug member 15b, wherein the switch must be in the "off" position to enable the plug 15b to be inserted into or withdrawn from the socket 15a.
- the switch To establish electrical connection to the wires 12,14 connected to the plug and socket 15b,15a, the switch must be turned to the "on" position. This also provides a mechanical safeguard against accidental separation of the two parts 15a, 15b.
- a plug connector 15 of the above described type having three contacts a,b,c is utilized. Contacts a and b are used in the wire connections 14 and 12.
- the third auxiliary contact c in the fixed part of the plug containing the switch, i.e., the socket 15a in Figure 2, can be connected to a relay 17 mounted on the electrical system of the tank truck/vessel, which in turn is connected to the current source 19 for the electrical system.
- the auxiliary contact c on the plug 15b the movable part
- the current coil of the relay 17 will be connected to the truck 10 when the plug 15b is plugged in and connection is then established by means of the on-off switch 15d.
- the current coil of the relay 17 will be energized so that its armature is actuated.
- the relay's contacts (which are connected between the main switch and the various user circuits in the electrical system) will be opened, and the electrical system will no longer receive current, because the connection to the electrical system's battery 19 via the main switch 18 has been broken.
- One of the contacts of the relay 17 which is open in the inactive position, can optionally be connected to a warning circuit so that when the contact is closed, a warning sound or light 21 will show that the main switch 18 has not been turned off.
Landscapes
- Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
Dans un système de commande de dérivation/égalisation de potentiels électriques entre deux objets, par exemple l'enveloppe (1) d'une installation de réservoir de stockage et le corps (10) d'un camion citerne/tanker, lors du chargement de fluides inflammables/explosifs, une connexion d'égaliseur électrique (5, 6, 14) établit la connexion du corps (10) du camion citerne via une borne (10a) au réservoir de stockage (1) via une borne (1a). Les bornes (1a et 10a) font partie de circuits de commande respectifs comprenant une source de basse tension (U1; U2), une résistance (4; 13) et un indicateur (8, 9) pour enregistrer l'écoulement du courant et donc commander/bloquer la connexion/déconnexion d'une pompe de fluide. Pour vérifier que la connexion électrique a bien été établie au niveau des bornes (1a, 10a), chacune de ces bornes est connectée à un circuit de commande respectif via des bornes séparées, à savoir une borne (1b; 10b) sur les corps respectifs (1; 10) et une borne (6a; 6b) sur une barre omnibus (6) dans la connexion d'égalisation (5, 6, 14). Un connecteur à fiche (15) avec un commutateur à l'épreuve des explosions est connecté au circuit de commande pour le camion citerne et comprend un contact auxiliaire pour connecter un relais (17) dans le système électrique du camion citerne à son corps ou châssis (10) de sorte que lorsque le connecteur à fiche (15) est connecté, la connexion entre la batterie (19) du véhicule et ses circuits électriques d'utilisation (20) sera interrompue, si le commutateur principal (18) du véhicule n'a pas été coupé. La formation d'étincelles et un éventuel dégagement de gaz explosifs, ainsi qu'un démarrage voulu ou accidentel du véhicule lors du chargement sont ainsi empêchés.In a control system for bypass / equalization of electrical potentials between two objects, for example the casing (1) of a storage tank installation and the body (10) of a tank truck / tanker, when loading flammable / explosive fluids, an electrical equalizer connection (5, 6, 14) establishes the connection of the body (10) of the tank truck via a terminal (10a) to the storage tank (1) via a terminal (1a). The terminals (1a and 10a) are part of respective control circuits comprising a low voltage source (U1; U2), a resistor (4; 13) and an indicator (8, 9) to record the flow of current and therefore control / block the connection / disconnection of a fluid pump. To verify that the electrical connection has been established at the terminals (1a, 10a), each of these terminals is connected to a respective control circuit via separate terminals, namely a terminal (1b; 10b) on the respective bodies (1; 10) and a terminal (6a; 6b) on a bus bar (6) in the equalization connection (5, 6, 14). A plug connector (15) with an explosion proof switch is connected to the control circuit for the tank truck and includes an auxiliary contact for connecting a relay (17) in the tank truck's electrical system to its body or chassis (10) so that when the plug connector (15) is connected, the connection between the battery (19) of the vehicle and its operating electrical circuits (20) will be interrupted, if the main switch (18) of the vehicle n has not been cut. This prevents sparking and the possible release of explosive gases, as well as the intended or accidental starting of the vehicle during loading.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO834639 | 1983-12-16 | ||
NO834639A NO153790C (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1983-12-16 | CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DERIVATING / EQUALIZING ELECTRICAL POTENTIALS BETWEEN TWO OBJECTS, EX. TANKING PLANTS AND TANKING TOOLS FOR RECHARGEING FIRE / EXPLOSION HAZARDOUS FLUIDS. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0167557A1 true EP0167557A1 (en) | 1986-01-15 |
EP0167557B1 EP0167557B1 (en) | 1987-10-28 |
Family
ID=19887393
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85900221A Expired EP0167557B1 (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1984-12-14 | Control system for diverting/equalizing electrical potentials between two objects |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4691198A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0167557B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU3781785A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3466972D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK157229C (en) |
NO (1) | NO153790C (en) |
WO (1) | WO1985002601A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4116066A1 (en) * | 1991-05-16 | 1992-11-19 | Siemens Ag | Equalising potentials of tanks without sparking - using variable resistance in series with conductor joining tanks, resistance being reduced from very high to zero |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4901195A (en) * | 1988-06-30 | 1990-02-13 | Scully Signal Company | Self-proving vehicle grounding system |
US5034726A (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-07-23 | Valvoline Oil & Chemicals Limited | Portable ground fault detector |
US5159523A (en) * | 1990-10-24 | 1992-10-27 | Cornerstone Fuels, Inc. | Grounding system and detection circuit for fueling |
EP0974021A1 (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 2000-01-26 | APLC, Inc. | Truck grounding system |
DE69914225T2 (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2004-11-11 | Mico Gacanovic | DEVICE FOR ELIMINATING STATIC ELECTRICITY DURING THE STOPPING, LOADING AND UNLOADING OF FLAMMABLE AND EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS |
US6459279B2 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2002-10-01 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Diagnostic testing equipment for determining properties of materials and structures of low observable vehicles |
US6401767B1 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-06-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Apparatus and method for grounding compressed fuel fueling operator |
GB2390692A (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-01-14 | Ali Hassan Redha | Faulty earth bonding system detector |
CN102180752B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-08-22 | 大连海事大学 | Control system of field explosive mixed loading truck |
WO2012176399A1 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2012-12-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | Nitride semiconductor device |
WO2013008382A1 (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2013-01-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | Nitride semiconductor device |
JP5555739B2 (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2014-07-23 | 富士重工業株式会社 | Vehicle battery device |
JP6844955B2 (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2021-03-17 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Headlamp device for vehicles |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1524423A (en) * | 1922-06-03 | 1925-01-27 | William H Chapman | Device for discharging electricity from gasoline tanks and the like |
US1564855A (en) * | 1923-01-15 | 1925-12-08 | Associated Oil Company | Apparatus for grounding containers in the distribution of petroleum products |
DE1099074B (en) * | 1956-12-07 | 1961-02-09 | Gilbert & Barker Mfg Co | Device for monitoring the earthing device of a fuel tank |
US3290668A (en) * | 1963-08-02 | 1966-12-06 | Crouse Hinds Co | Grounding and indicating device |
US4083041A (en) * | 1974-12-16 | 1978-04-04 | Interroyal Corporation | Ground circuit monitor |
FR2398312A1 (en) * | 1977-07-20 | 1979-02-16 | Pipeline Service Sa | Earthing of ship during load transfer operation - employs equipotential cable powered by LF low power signal |
US4220951A (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-09-02 | Cathodic Protection Services, Inc. | Method and system for protecting barge |
DE3210932A1 (en) * | 1982-03-25 | 1983-10-06 | Wintershall Ag | Device for monitoring the earthing of mobile tank devices during filling |
-
1983
- 1983-12-16 NO NO834639A patent/NO153790C/en unknown
-
1984
- 1984-12-14 EP EP85900221A patent/EP0167557B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-12-14 WO PCT/NO1984/000059 patent/WO1985002601A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1984-12-14 US US06/762,150 patent/US4691198A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-12-14 AU AU37817/85A patent/AU3781785A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1984-12-14 DE DE8585900221T patent/DE3466972D1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-08-12 DK DK364885A patent/DK157229C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8502601A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4116066A1 (en) * | 1991-05-16 | 1992-11-19 | Siemens Ag | Equalising potentials of tanks without sparking - using variable resistance in series with conductor joining tanks, resistance being reduced from very high to zero |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK364885D0 (en) | 1985-08-12 |
DK157229C (en) | 1990-04-23 |
WO1985002601A1 (en) | 1985-06-20 |
DK157229B (en) | 1989-11-20 |
AU3781785A (en) | 1985-06-26 |
DE3466972D1 (en) | 1987-12-03 |
NO834639L (en) | 1985-06-17 |
EP0167557B1 (en) | 1987-10-28 |
DK364885A (en) | 1985-08-12 |
NO153790C (en) | 1986-05-28 |
NO153790B (en) | 1986-02-10 |
US4691198A (en) | 1987-09-01 |
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