EP0166952A1 - High-current transformer with indirect adjustment of tension by an intermediate circuit - Google Patents

High-current transformer with indirect adjustment of tension by an intermediate circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0166952A1
EP0166952A1 EP85106456A EP85106456A EP0166952A1 EP 0166952 A1 EP0166952 A1 EP 0166952A1 EP 85106456 A EP85106456 A EP 85106456A EP 85106456 A EP85106456 A EP 85106456A EP 0166952 A1 EP0166952 A1 EP 0166952A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
windings
wound
undervoltage
sections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85106456A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0166952B1 (en
Inventor
Günther Bonni
Donald Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Brandes (Fh)
Willi Dipl.-Ing. Dimmler (Fh)
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Feyertag
Heinrich Groher
Leo Janner
August Kömp
Walter Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Müller
Alfred Dipl.-Ing. Süppel (FH)
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Siemens AG
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Transformatoren Union AG
Siemens AG
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Priority to AT85106456T priority Critical patent/ATE29332T1/en
Publication of EP0166952A1 publication Critical patent/EP0166952A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0166952B1 publication Critical patent/EP0166952B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2823—Wires
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/12—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2823—Wires
    • H01F2027/2838—Wires using transposed wires

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-current transformer with indirect voltage adjustment via an intermediate circuit, each consisting of a main and additional transformer arranged in a common boiler, each of which is made up of a plurality of parallel winding conductors, in cross-section perpendicular to the winding axes, together in the form of 8 undervoltage windings with one another are electrically connected in series and have opposite winding directions as a result of intersecting connecting conductors.
  • furnaces In the chemical and metallurgical industries, electrically heated furnaces are used for a wide variety of purposes and operate at relatively low operating voltages with very high currents. Since the transmission of the high currents required for these furnaces over long distances is technically difficult and also uneconomical, transformers are usually set up in the immediate vicinity of the furnaces, in which electrical energy fed in with high voltage is brought to the desired voltage level.
  • CH-PS 409 130 discloses a transformer unit with a high-current winding in which undervoltage windings, each consisting of a single turn, are connected in series with a main and an additional transformer. These two Unterspan voltage windings together have the shape of an 8, but in which the conductor does not cross in the middle, so that the current flows through both windings in the same direction.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a type of winding and connection option for a high-current transformer for its high-current side, which ensures both good technical and good economic utilization of the material used, in particular the winding conductor material, and which is practically without restriction for any required current strength and number of turns of the undervoltage winding can be used.
  • radial cooling channels are provided at least between the opposite turns of mutually adjacent winding sections and that within the winding sections the transition from turn to turn takes place via an offset, and that successive winding sections have opposite winding directions in the axial direction .
  • the winding sections are electrically connected in parallel by soldering the leads into slots in solid printed circuit boards, one phase of each of these printed circuit boards being connected to high-current bushings in a boiler wall and the other printed circuit boards being either connected to a neutral point for the undervoltage windings of the three phases or are cyclically connected to the first-mentioned circuit boards to form an electrical delta circuit.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is very advantageous because it allows a very good utilization of the entire winding conductor material used with a very compact design of the winding as such. This very good use of materials enables high-current windings to be carried out in the boiler profile, which is limited for transport reasons.
  • Core legs 8 of a three-leg iron core of a main transformer are concentric from the inside to the inside outside each of a step winding 4, one high-voltage winding 3 and one undervoltage winding 1.
  • a three-leg iron core with core legs 9 is also provided for an additional transformer, each of which carries an overvoltage winding 5 and an undervoltage winding 2 concentrically from the inside to the outside.
  • the main transformer and the additional transformer are placed close together in a common boiler 10, which is usually filled with a cooling and insulating liquid.
  • the high-voltage winding 3 is connected to a high-voltage supply network via high-voltage bushings, not shown, and induces a voltage in the undervoltage winding 1 coupled to it via the iron core of the main transformer and in the step winding 4.
  • the step winding 4 feeds with a step switch 6 and a turner 7 according to size and Direction of adjustable voltage, the high-voltage winding 5 of the additional transformer.
  • the high-voltage winding 5, induces a voltage in the low-voltage winding 2, which as a result of a series connection of the two low-voltage windings 1 and 2 is vectorially added or subtracted to the voltage induced by the high-voltage winding 3 in the low-voltage winding 1.
  • the undervoltage winding 1 and the undervoltage winding 2 are made up of an equal number of electrically parallel winding sections made of stranded conductors as winding conductors and each have three turns in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • Each of the winding conductors forms a single layer in each of the two undervoltage windings 1 and 2 led winding section.
  • the winding sections of the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 assigned to the same phase are each connected in series, the connecting conductor 17 representing winding conductor pieces intersecting between the undervoltage windings 1 and 2, so that the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 have opposite winding directions.
  • the shape of an 8 with three turns in each of the two winding sections results at right angles to the winding axes.
  • the two winding sections each connected in series from the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 are wound in one go to avoid soldering points.
  • a sufficiently long winding conductor piece for the last half turn and a rejection of the winding section to be wound last is fixed on the winding core used first.
  • the winding section to be wound first in the exemplary embodiment shown three windings of one strand for the undervoltage winding 1, is finished wound on this winding core.
  • the winding core is now shifted on the winding bench approximately at right angles to the winding conductor strand running up by the center distance of the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 transversely to the winding axis, and a second winding core is attached to the winding axis of the winding bench on this.
  • the second winding core protrudes from the first in the axial direction, so that the second winding section is slightly axially offset without interruption of the winding conductor strand, when shown example of leadership two and a half turns of the undervoltage winding 2, can be wound.
  • the winding conductor is cut off and the end is bent and fixed to lead out. Now the winding conductor piece lying in front of the beginning of the first winding section is detached from the winding core used first, placed around the second winding core to form a half turn and likewise fixed to the end of this winding section after the second rejection has been bent.
  • the two winding sections which are wound in this way from a single piece, form a self-supporting component that can be handled as an independent element until later installation in the transformer arrangement.
  • any number of these independent elements can therefore be stacked axially one above the other without difficulty.
  • the number of parallel displays can therefore be selected as required, so that the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 can be adapted to virtually any winding current.
  • radial cooling channels 15 are provided between the individual windings, but at least between axially adjacent winding sections.
  • axially different current distribution to the parallel branches means that the high-voltage windings 3 and 5 are shorter in the axial direction than the respectively associated undervoltage winding 1 or 2.
  • the winding arrangements of the individual phases each have a pressboard jacket 20 that completely surrounds them, which is supported by spacer bars 21 on the circumference of one of the undervoltage windings 1 or 2.
  • These press clamping sleeves 20 serve to guide the cooling liquid by forcing them to flow through the windings even when driven by a circulating pump.
  • the heat dissipation from the windings is increased, so that, compared to arrangements with a cooling circuit driven purely thermally by convection, higher powers can be implemented with the same winding volume.
  • the winding structure according to the invention is suitable for all transformer and choke coil windings with two or more turns which are loaded with very large currents.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

1. A high current transformer with indirect voltage adjustment via an intermediate circuit, consisting of a main transformer (8) and an additional transformer (9) arranged in a common boiler (10), whose low-voltage windings (1, 2) each consist of a plurality of parallel-connected winding conductors that in common form a 8 in cross-section at right angles to the winding axes, and are electrically connected to one another in series with the connection conductors (17) intersecting so that they are wound in opposing winding directions, characterised by the combination of the following features : - the two low-voltage windings (1, 2) each consist of a single-layer winding composed of a twisted conductor ; - one of a number of winding sections, stacked axially one-above-another, is provided for each parallel-connected winding conductor of each low-voltage winding (1, 2) ; - that mutually-corresponding winding sections of the two low-voltage windings (1, 2) are wound at one stretch in that before the start of the first winding section to be wound, a length of winding conductor sufficiently long for the last half winding and a lead of the last winding section to be wound is fixed to the first used winding core ; - that each winding conductor comprises at least two turns in each winding section ; and - that in the axial direction the low-voltage windings (1, 2) are longer than the respective assigned high-voltage winding (3, 5), so that the current distribution is virtually equal in the winding sections connected in parallel to one another.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochstromtransformator mit indirekter Spannungseinstellung über einen Zwischenkreis, bestehend aus je einem in einem gemeinsamen Kessel angeordneten Haupt- und Zusatztransformator, deren jeweils aus einer Vielzahl von parallelgeschalteten wickelleitern aufgebaute, im Querschnitt rechtwinklig zu den Wickelachsen gemeinsam die Form einer 8 aufweisenden Unterspannungswicklungen miteinander elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet sind und infolge sich kreuzender Verbindungsleiter einander entgegengesetzten Wickelsinn aufweisen.The invention relates to a high-current transformer with indirect voltage adjustment via an intermediate circuit, each consisting of a main and additional transformer arranged in a common boiler, each of which is made up of a plurality of parallel winding conductors, in cross-section perpendicular to the winding axes, together in the form of 8 undervoltage windings with one another are electrically connected in series and have opposite winding directions as a result of intersecting connecting conductors.

In der chemischen und in der metallurgischen Industrie werden für die verschiedensten Zwecke elektrisch beheizte Öfen eingesetzt, die bei verhältnismäßig geringen Betriebsspannungen mit sehr hohen Stromstärken arbeiten. Da die Übertragung der für diese Öfen erforderlichen hohen Stromstärken über größere Entfernungen technisch schwierig und darüber hinaus auch unwirtschaftlich ist, werden üblicherweise in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft der Öfen Transformatoren aufgestellt, in denen mit Hochspannung eingespeiste elektrische Energie auf das gewünschte Spannungsniveau gebracht wird.In the chemical and metallurgical industries, electrically heated furnaces are used for a wide variety of purposes and operate at relatively low operating voltages with very high currents. Since the transmission of the high currents required for these furnaces over long distances is technically difficult and also uneconomical, transformers are usually set up in the immediate vicinity of the furnaces, in which electrical energy fed in with high voltage is brought to the desired voltage level.

Durch die CH-PS 409 130 ist hierzu ein Transformatoraggregat mit einer Hochstromwicklung bekannt, bei der aus je einer einzigen Windung bestehende Unterspannungswicklungen je eines Haupt- und eines Zusatztransformators in Reihe geschaltet sind. Diese beiden Unterspannungswicklungen haben zusammen die Form einer 8, in der sich der Leiter in der Mitte jedoch nicht kreuzt, so daß der Strom in gleicher Richtung durch beide Wicklungen fließt.CH-PS 409 130 discloses a transformer unit with a high-current winding in which undervoltage windings, each consisting of a single turn, are connected in series with a main and an additional transformer. These two Unterspan voltage windings together have the shape of an 8, but in which the conductor does not cross in the middle, so that the current flows through both windings in the same direction.

Durch die DE-PS 21 36 211 ist es darüber hinaus für eine derartige Hochstromanlage auch schon bekannt, die Unterspannungswicklungen aus zu Doppelspulen zusammengefaßten Scheibenspulen aufzubauen. Dabei muß jedoch unvermeidbar zur Reihenschaltung einander zugeordneter Doppelspulen mindestens eine Lötverbindung hergestellt werden. Dies ist unter Beachtung besonderer Vorsichtsmaßnahmen bei Wicklungen aus Massivleitern zwar möglich, aber sehr aufwendig. Besondere Schwierigkeiten ergeben sich bei der Verwendung von Drilleitern.From DE-PS 21 36 211 it is also already known for such a high-current system to build the undervoltage windings from disc coils combined into double coils. However, inevitably, at least one solder connection must be made for the series connection of mutually assigned double coils. Taking special precautions for windings made of solid conductors, this is possible, but very expensive. Particular difficulties arise when using twisted pairs.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, für einen Hochstromtransformator für dessen Hochstromseite eine Wicklungsart und Verbindungsmöglichkeit zu schaffen, die sowohl eine gute technische als auch eine gute wirtschaftliche Ausnutzung des eingesetzten Werkstoffes, insbesondere des Wickelleiterwerkstoffes gewährleistet, und die praktisch ohne Einschränkung für jede geforderte Stromstärke und Windungszahl der Unterspannungswicklung einsetzbar ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a type of winding and connection option for a high-current transformer for its high-current side, which ensures both good technical and good economic utilization of the material used, in particular the winding conductor material, and which is practically without restriction for any required current strength and number of turns of the undervoltage winding can be used.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß für einen Hochstromtransformator der eingangs genannten Art durch eine Merkmalskombination gelöst,

  • wonach beide Unterspannungswicklungen jeweils als einlagige Lagenwicklung aus einem Drilleiter als Wickelleiter ausgeführt sind,
  • wonach je parallelgeschalteten Wickelleiter je Unterspannungswicklung einer von axial übereinandergestapelten Wicklungsabschnitten vorgesehen ist,
  • wonach einander entsprechende Wicklungsabschnitte aus beiden Unterspannungswicklungen in einem Zug gewickelt sind, indem vor dem Anfang des zuerst zu wickelnden Wicklungsabschnittes zunächst ein ausreichend langes Wickelleiterstück für die letzte halbe Windung und eine Ausleitung des zuletzt zu wickelnden Wicklungsabschnit- tes auf dem zuerst benutzten Wickelkern fixiert ist, wonach jeder wickelleiter in jedem der Wicklungsabschnitte mindestens zwei Windungen aufweist und
  • wonach die Unterspannungswicklungen länger sind als die jeweils zugehörige Oberspannungswicklung, so daß die Stromverteilung in den untereinander parallelgeschalteten Wicklungsabschnitten nahezu gleich ist.
This object is achieved according to the invention for a high-current transformer of the type mentioned at the beginning by a combination of features,
  • according to which both undervoltage windings are each designed as a single-layer layer winding from a stranded conductor as a winding conductor
  • according to which one winding section is stacked axially one above the other for each winding conductor connected in parallel per undervoltage winding,
  • whereby mutually corresponding winding sections are wound from two low-voltage windings in a train by the initially a sufficiently long winding conductor piece for the last half winding and a rejection is last to be wound W tes icklungsabschnit- on the first used winding core fixed before the start of first to be wound winding portion of the , According to which each winding conductor has at least two turns in each of the winding sections and
  • after which the undervoltage windings are longer than the associated high-voltage winding, so that the current distribution in the winding sections connected in parallel with one another is almost the same.

Nach vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß mindestens zwischen den sich gegenüberliegenden Windungen von einander benachbarten Wicklungsabschnitten radiale Kühlkanäle vorgesehen sind und daß innerhalb der Wicklungsabschnitte der Übergang von Windung zu Windung über je eine Kröpfung erfolgt, und daß in Achsrichtung aufeinanderfolgende Wicklungsabschnitte einander entgegengesetzten Wickelsinn haben.According to advantageous embodiments of the invention it is provided that radial cooling channels are provided at least between the opposite turns of mutually adjacent winding sections and that within the winding sections the transition from turn to turn takes place via an offset, and that successive winding sections have opposite winding directions in the axial direction .

Nach zweckmäßigen Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind die Wicklungsabschnitte durch Einlöten der Ausleitungen in Nuten von massiven Leiterplatten elektrisch parallelgeschaltet, wobei je Phase eine dieser Leiterplatten mit Hochstromdurchführungen in einer Kesselwand verbunden ist und wobei die anderen Leiterplatten entweder zu einem Sternpunkt für die Unterspannungswicklungen der drei Phasen zusammengeschlossen sind oder zyklisch mit den erstgenannten Leiterplatten zu einer elektrischen Dreiecksschaltung verbunden sind.According to expedient developments of the invention, the winding sections are electrically connected in parallel by soldering the leads into slots in solid printed circuit boards, one phase of each of these printed circuit boards being connected to high-current bushings in a boiler wall and the other printed circuit boards being either connected to a neutral point for the undervoltage windings of the three phases or are cyclically connected to the first-mentioned circuit boards to form an electrical delta circuit.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung ist sehr vorteilhaft, denn sie erlaubt eine sehr gute Ausnutzung des gesamten eingesetzten Wickelleiterwerkstoffs bei einer gleichzeitig sehr kompakten Ausführung der Wicklung als solcher. Durch diese sehr gute Werkstoffausnutzung lassen sich in dem aus Transportgründen begrenzten Kesselprofil Hochstromwicklungen ausführen, die in einer Drehstromeinheit Leistungen von mehr als 100 MVA im Dauerbetrieb umsetzen können.The arrangement according to the invention is very advantageous because it allows a very good utilization of the entire winding conductor material used with a very compact design of the winding as such. This very good use of materials enables high-current windings to be carried out in the boiler profile, which is limited for transport reasons.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 das Schaltbild eines Hochstromtransformators mit indirekter Spannungseinstellung über einen Zwischenkreis,
  • Fig. 2 die Draufsicht auf ein Hochstromtransformatoraggregat bei abgenommenem Kesseldeckel und abgenommenen oberen Jochen,
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch die Unterspannungswicklungen entlang der Schnittlinien III-III, in den Fig. 4 und 5 und
  • Fig. 4 und 5 achsparallele Schnitte durch die Unterspannungswicklung entlang der Schnittlinien IV-IV bzw. V-V.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. In detail show:
  • 1 shows the circuit diagram of a high-current transformer with indirect voltage setting via an intermediate circuit,
  • 2 is a top view of a high-current transformer unit with the boiler lid and upper yokes removed,
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the undervoltage windings along the section lines III-III, in Figs. 4 and 5 and
  • 4 and 5 axially parallel sections through the undervoltage winding along the section lines IV-IV and VV.

Einander entsprechende Bauteile sind in allen Figuren mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding components are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

Kernschenkel 8 eines dreischenkligen Eisenkernes eines Haupttransformators sind konzentrisch von innen nach außen von je einer Stufenwicklung 4, je einer Oberspannungswicklung 3 und je einer Unterspannungswicklung 1 umfaßt. Räumlich parallel zu dem Eisenkern des Haupttransformators ist für einen Zusatztransformator ein ebenfalls dreischenkliger Eisenkern mit Kernschenkeln 9 vorgesehen, die konzentrisch von innen nach außen je eine Oberspannungswicklung 5 und je eine Unterspannungswicklung 2 tragen. Der Haupt- und der Zusatztransformator sind dicht nebeneinanderstehend in einem gemeinsamen, üblicherweise mit einer Kühl- und Isolierflüssigkeit gefüllten Kessel 10 aufgestellt.Core legs 8 of a three-leg iron core of a main transformer are concentric from the inside to the inside outside each of a step winding 4, one high-voltage winding 3 and one undervoltage winding 1. Spatially parallel to the iron core of the main transformer, a three-leg iron core with core legs 9 is also provided for an additional transformer, each of which carries an overvoltage winding 5 and an undervoltage winding 2 concentrically from the inside to the outside. The main transformer and the additional transformer are placed close together in a common boiler 10, which is usually filled with a cooling and insulating liquid.

Die Oberspannungswicklung 3 liegt über nicht dargestellte Hochspannungsdurchführungen an einem Hochspannungsversorgungsnetz und induziert eine Spannung in der mit ihr über den Eisenkern des Haupttransformators gekoppelten Unterspannungswicklung 1 sowie in der Stufenwicklung 4. Die Stufenwicklung 4 speist mit einer über einen Stufenschalter 6 und einen Wender 7 nach Größe und Richtung einstellbaren Spannung die Oberspannungswicklung 5 des Zusatztransformators. Die Oberspannungswicklung 5 ihrer seits induziert in der Unterspannungswicklung 2 eine Spannung, die infolge einer Reihenschaltung der beiden Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 zu der von der Oberspannungswicklung 3 in der Unterspannungswicklung 1 induzierten Spannung vektoriell addiert oder subtrahiert wird.The high-voltage winding 3 is connected to a high-voltage supply network via high-voltage bushings, not shown, and induces a voltage in the undervoltage winding 1 coupled to it via the iron core of the main transformer and in the step winding 4. The step winding 4 feeds with a step switch 6 and a turner 7 according to size and Direction of adjustable voltage, the high-voltage winding 5 of the additional transformer. The high-voltage winding 5, on the other hand, induces a voltage in the low-voltage winding 2, which as a result of a series connection of the two low-voltage windings 1 and 2 is vectorially added or subtracted to the voltage induced by the high-voltage winding 3 in the low-voltage winding 1.

Die Unterspannungswicklung 1 und die Unterspannungswicklung 2 sind aus einer gleich großen Anzahl von elektrisch parallelgeschalteten Wicklungsabschnitten aus Drilleitern als Wickelleitern aufgebaut und haben im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel je drei Windungen. Jeder der Wickelleiter bildet in jeder der beiden Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 je einen einlagig ausgeführten Wicklungsabschnitt. In gleicher axialer Höhe liegende Wicklungsabschnitte der derselben Phase zugeordneten Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 sind jeweils in Reihe geschaltet, wobei die Verbindungsleiter 17 darstellenden Wickelleiterstücke sich zwischen den Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 kreuzen, so daß die Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 einander entgegengesetzten Wickelsinn aufweisen.The undervoltage winding 1 and the undervoltage winding 2 are made up of an equal number of electrically parallel winding sections made of stranded conductors as winding conductors and each have three turns in the exemplary embodiment shown. Each of the winding conductors forms a single layer in each of the two undervoltage windings 1 and 2 led winding section. At the same axial height, the winding sections of the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 assigned to the same phase are each connected in series, the connecting conductor 17 representing winding conductor pieces intersecting between the undervoltage windings 1 and 2, so that the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 have opposite winding directions.

Aus der beschriebenen Anordnung der Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 ergibt sich für deren Querschnitt rechtwinklig zu den Wickelachsen die Form einer 8 mit je drei Windungen in jedem der beiden Wicklungsabschnitte. Die beiden jeweils in Reihe geschalteten Wicklungsabschnitte aus den Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 sind zur Vermeidung von Lötstellen in einem Zug gewickelt. Hierzu ist zunächst vor dem Anfang des zuerst zu wickelnden Wicklungsabschnittes ein ausreichend langes Wickelleiterstück für die letzte halbe Windung und eine Ausleitung des zuletzt zu wickelnden Wicklungsabschnittes auf dem zuerst benutzten Wickelkern fixiert. Danach wird auf diesen Wickelkern der zuerst zu wickelnde Wicklungsabschnitt, beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel drei Windungen eines Stranges für die Unterspannungswicklung 1, fertiggewickelt.From the arrangement of the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 described, the shape of an 8 with three turns in each of the two winding sections results at right angles to the winding axes. The two winding sections each connected in series from the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 are wound in one go to avoid soldering points. For this purpose, before the start of the winding section to be wound first, a sufficiently long winding conductor piece for the last half turn and a rejection of the winding section to be wound last is fixed on the winding core used first. Then the winding section to be wound first, in the exemplary embodiment shown three windings of one strand for the undervoltage winding 1, is finished wound on this winding core.

Der Wickelkern wird nun auf der Wickelbank etwa rechtwinklig zum auflaufenden Wickelleiterstrang um den Achsabstand der Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 quer zur Wickelachse verschoben und ein zweiter Wickelkern wird zentrisch zur Wickelachse der Wickelbank auf dieser befestigt. Der zweite Wickelkern steht gegenüber dem ersten in Achsrichtung vor, so daß geringfügig axial versetzt ohne Unterbrechung des Wickelleiterstranges der zweite Wicklungsabschnitt, beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zweieinhalb Windungen der Unterspannungswicklung 2, wickelbar ist.The winding core is now shifted on the winding bench approximately at right angles to the winding conductor strand running up by the center distance of the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 transversely to the winding axis, and a second winding core is attached to the winding axis of the winding bench on this. The second winding core protrudes from the first in the axial direction, so that the second winding section is slightly axially offset without interruption of the winding conductor strand, when shown example of leadership two and a half turns of the undervoltage winding 2, can be wound.

Nach Aufhebung des geringfügigen axialen Versatzes unter Aufrechterhaltung des Wickelzuges in den Verbindungsleitern 17 zwischen den beiden Wicklungsabschnitten wird der Wickelleiter abgeschnitten und das Ende zu einer Ausleitung abgebogen und fixiert. Nunmehr wird das vor dem Anfang des zuerst gewickelten Wicklungsabschnittes liegende Wickelleiterstück von dem zuerst benutzten Wickelkern gelöst, unter Bildung einer halben Windung um den zweiten Wickelkern gelegt und nach dem Anbiegen der zweiten Ausleitung an das Ende dieses Wicklungsabschnittes ebenfalls fixiert.After the slight axial offset has been eliminated while maintaining the winding tension in the connecting conductors 17 between the two winding sections, the winding conductor is cut off and the end is bent and fixed to lead out. Now the winding conductor piece lying in front of the beginning of the first winding section is detached from the winding core used first, placed around the second winding core to form a half turn and likewise fixed to the end of this winding section after the second rejection has been bent.

Die beiden so aus einem Stück gewickelten in Reihe geschalteten Wicklungsabschnitte bilden ein selbsttragendes Bauteil, das bis zum später erfolgenden Einbau in die Transformatoranordnung als selbständiges Element handhabbar ist. Beim Einbau in die Wicklungsanordnung können daher ohne Schwierigkeiten beliebig viele dieser selbständigen Elemente axial übereinander gestapelt werden. Die Zahl der Parallelwzeige ist daher beliebig wählbar, so daß die Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 an praktisch jeden beliebigen Wicklungsstrom anpaßbar sind.The two winding sections, which are wound in this way from a single piece, form a self-supporting component that can be handled as an independent element until later installation in the transformer arrangement. When installed in the winding arrangement, any number of these independent elements can therefore be stacked axially one above the other without difficulty. The number of parallel displays can therefore be selected as required, so that the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 can be adapted to virtually any winding current.

Die Parallelschaltung dieser die Wicklungsabschnitte darstellenden Elemente erfolgt über massive Leiterplatten 12, die Nuten zum Einlöten der freien Enden der Ausleitungen aufweisen und die gleichzeitig zum Verschalten der Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 dienen. Hierzu ist beispielsweiseje Phase je eine erste Leiterplatte 12 mit Hochstromdurchführungen 13 und je Phase je eine zweite Leiterplatte 12 entweder mit einem Sternpunkt oder mit der zyklisch folgenden Leiterplatte 12 der nächsten Phase zu einer elektrischen Dreiecksschaltung verbunden.These elements representing the winding sections are connected in parallel via solid printed circuit boards 12 which have grooves for soldering in the free ends of the leads and which at the same time serve to connect the undervoltage windings 1 and 2. For this purpose, for example, a first printed circuit board 12 with high-current bushings 13 and a second printed circuit board 12 with either a star point or with the cyclically following printed circuit board 12 are provided for each phase the next phase connected to an electrical delta connection.

Da die Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 thermisch hoch beansprucht sind, sind zwischen den einzelnen Windungen, mindestens aber zwischen axial benachbarten Wicklungsabschnitten, radiale Kühlkanäle 15 vorgesehen. Zusätzlich sind zur Vermeidung von Überlastungen der räumlich an den Enden der Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 liegenden Wicklungsabschnitte durch axial unterschiedliche Stromverteilung auf die Parallelzweige die Oberspannungswicklungen 3 und 5 in Achsrichtung kürzer als die jeweils zugehörige Unterspannungswicklung 1 bzw. 2 ausgeführt.Since the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 are subjected to high thermal stresses, radial cooling channels 15 are provided between the individual windings, but at least between axially adjacent winding sections. In addition, in order to avoid overloading the winding sections located spatially at the ends of the undervoltage windings 1 and 2, axially different current distribution to the parallel branches means that the high-voltage windings 3 and 5 are shorter in the axial direction than the respectively associated undervoltage winding 1 or 2.

Zur weiteren Erhöhung der thermischen Belastbarkeit tragen die Wicklungsanordnungen der einzelnen Phasen je einen sie vollständig umfassenden Preßspanmantel 20, der sich über Distanzleisten 21 auf dem Umfang je einer der Unterspannungswicklungen 1 oder 2 abstützt. Diese Preßspanmäntel 20 dienen der Führung der Kühlflüssigkeit, indem sie diese auch beim Antrieb durch eine Umwälzpumpe zwingen durch die Wicklungen zu strömen. Infolge einer hierdurch erzwungenen höheren Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Kühlflüssigkeit in den Wicklungen wird die Wärmeabfuhr aus diesen erhöht, so daß gegenüber Anordnungen mit rein thermisch durch Konvektion angetriebenem Kühlkreislauf höhere Leistungen bei gleichem Wicklungsvolumen umsetzbar sind.To further increase the thermal load capacity, the winding arrangements of the individual phases each have a pressboard jacket 20 that completely surrounds them, which is supported by spacer bars 21 on the circumference of one of the undervoltage windings 1 or 2. These press clamping sleeves 20 serve to guide the cooling liquid by forcing them to flow through the windings even when driven by a circulating pump. As a result of a higher flow rate of the cooling liquid in the windings, the heat dissipation from the windings is increased, so that, compared to arrangements with a cooling circuit driven purely thermally by convection, higher powers can be implemented with the same winding volume.

Um eine einfache und sichere Einspannung der zu den Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 aufeinander gestapelten Wicklungsabschnitte zwischen ebenen rechtwinklig zur Wickelachse angeordneten Druckringen 19 zu erreichen, sind die einzelnen Windungen steigungslos gewickelt und ourch Kröpfungen 16 in den Zwickeln zwischen den Verbindungsleitungen 17 miteinander verbunden. Zur weitgehenden gegenseitigen Kompensation der durch Pfeile 18 angedeuteten Kurzschlußkräfte sind einander axial benachbarte Wicklungsabschnitte außerdem mit entgegengesetztem Wickelsinn ausgeführt.In order to achieve a simple and secure clamping of the winding sections stacked on the undervoltage windings 1 and 2 between flat pressure rings 19 arranged at right angles to the winding axis, the individual windings are incline-free winds and connected by crankings 16 in the gussets between the connecting lines 17. For extensive mutual compensation of the short-circuit forces indicated by arrows 18, axially adjacent winding sections are also designed with opposite winding directions.

Der erfindungsgemäße Wicklungsaufbau ist für alle mit sehr großen Strömen belasteten Transformator- und Drosselspulenwicklungen mit zwei und mehr Windungen geeignet.The winding structure according to the invention is suitable for all transformer and choke coil windings with two or more turns which are loaded with very large currents.

Claims (7)

1. Hochstromtransformator mit indirekter Spannungseinstellung über einen Zwischenkreis, bestehend aus je einem in einem gemeinsamen Kessel angeordneten Haupt-und Zusatztransformator, deren jeweils aus einer Vielzahl von parallelgeschalteten Wickelleitern aufgebaute, im Querschnitt rechtwinklig zu den Wickelachsen gemeinsam die Form einer 8 aufweisenden Unterspannungswicklungen (1, 2) miteinander elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet sind und infolge sich kreuzender Verbindungsleiter einander entgegengesetzten Wickelsinn aufweisen, gekennzeichnet durch die Kombination der Merkmale, - daß beide Unterspannungswicklungen (1, 2) jeweils als einlagige Lagenwicklung aus einem Drilleiter als Wickelleiter ausgeführt sind, - daß je parallelgeschalteten Wickelleiter je Unterspannungswicklung (1, 2) einer von axial übereinandergestapelten Wicklungsabschnitten vorgesehen ist, - daß einander entsprechende Wicklungsabschnitte aus beiden Unterspannungswicklungen (1, 2) in einem Zug gewickelt sind, indem vor dem Anfang des zuerst zu wickelnden Wicklungsabschnittes zunächst ein ausreichend langes Wickelleiterstück für die letzte halbe Windung und eine Ausleitung des zuletzt zu wickelnden Wicklungsabschnittes auf dem zuerst benutzten Wickelkern fixiert ist, - daß jeder Wickelleiter in jedem Wicklungsabschnitt mindestens zwei Windungen aufweist und - daß die Unterspannungswicklungen (1, 2) länger sind als die jeweils zugehörige Oberspannungswicklung (3, 5), so daß die Stromverteilung in den untereinander parallelgeschalteten Wicklungsabschnitten nahezu gleich ist. 1.High current transformer with indirect voltage adjustment via an intermediate circuit, consisting of one main and additional transformer arranged in a common boiler, each of which is made up of a large number of parallel winding conductors and, in cross section at right angles to the winding axes, jointly the shape of an 8 undervoltage winding (1, 2) are electrically connected in series with one another and, as a result of intersecting connecting conductors, have opposite winding directions, characterized by the combination of the features, - That both undervoltage windings (1, 2) are each designed as a single-layer layer winding from a stranded conductor as a winding conductor, that each winding conductor connected in parallel per undervoltage winding (1, 2) is provided with one of the winding sections stacked axially one above the other, - That mutually corresponding winding sections from both undervoltage windings (1, 2) are wound in one go by first using a sufficiently long winding conductor piece for the last half turn and a rejection of the last winding section to be wound on the first before the beginning of the winding section to be wound Winding core is fixed, - That each winding conductor has at least two turns in each winding section and - That the undervoltage windings (1, 2) are longer than the associated high-voltage winding (3, 5), so that the current distribution in the under winding sections connected in parallel is almost the same. 2. Hochstromtransformator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens zwischen den sich gegenüberliegenden Windungen von einander axial benachbarten Wicklungsabschnitten radiale Kühlkanäe (15) vorgesehen sind.2. High-current transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that radial cooling channels (15) are provided at least between the opposing turns of mutually axially adjacent winding sections. 3. Hochstromtransformator nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß innerhalb der Wicklungsabschnitte der Übergang von Windung zu Windung über je eine Kröpfung (16) erfolgt, so daß die steigungslos gewickelten Windungen Wickelzylinder mit rechtwinklig zur Wickelachse liegenden Stirnflächen bilden.3. High current transformer according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in
that within the winding sections the transition from winding to winding takes place via a crank (16), so that the windings wound without pitch form winding cylinders with end faces lying at right angles to the winding axis. 4. Hochstromtransformator nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in Achsrichtung aufeinanderfolgende Wicklungsabschnitte einander entgegengesetzten Wickelsinn haben.4. High current transformer according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in
that successive winding sections in the axial direction have opposite winding directions. 5. Hochstromtransformator nach Anspruch 1 bis 4 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wicklungsabschnitte durch Einlöten der Ausleitungen in Nuten von massiven Leiterplatten (12) elektrisch parallelgeschaltet sind.5. High current transformer according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the winding sections are electrically connected in parallel by soldering the leads in grooves of solid circuit boards (12). 6. Hochstromtransformator nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß je Phase eine der Leiterplatten (12) mit Hochstromdurchführungen (13) in einer von einer Kesselwand (10) getragenen Platte (14) verbunden ist und daß die anderen Leiterplatten (12) entweder zu einem Sternpunkt für die Unterspannungswicklungen (1 und 2) der drei Phasen zusammengeschlossen sind oder zyklisch mit den erstgenannten Leiterplatten (12) zu einer elektrischen Dreiecksschaltung verbunden sind.6. High current transformer according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that each phase one of the circuit boards (12) with high current bushings (13) in one of a boiler wall (10) carried plate (14) and that the other circuit boards (12) either to a star point for the undervoltage windings (1 and 2) of the three phases are connected together or are cyclically connected to the first-mentioned printed circuit boards (12) to form an electrical delta circuit. 7. Hochstromtransformator nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Preßspanmantel (20) die Wicklungsanordnungen jeder der Phasen vollständig umfaßt und einen radialen Austritt von Kühlflüssigkeit aus der Wicklungsanordnung in den freien Kesselraum verhindert, wobei sich der Preßspanmantel (20) unter Bildung von axialen Kühlkanälen auf dem Umfang der Unterspannungswicklungen 1 und 2 liegenden achsparallelen Distanzleisten (21) abstützt.7. High current transformer according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that a pressboard sheath (20) completely includes the winding arrangements of each of the phases and prevents radial leakage of cooling liquid from the winding arrangement into the free boiler space, the pressboard sheath (20) forming supports axial cooling channels on the circumference of the undervoltage windings 1 and 2, axially parallel spacer strips (21).
EP85106456A 1984-06-07 1985-05-24 High-current transformer with indirect adjustment of tension by an intermediate circuit Expired EP0166952B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85106456T ATE29332T1 (en) 1984-06-07 1985-05-24 HIGH CURRENT TRANSFORMER WITH INDIRECT VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT VIA AN INTERMEDIATE LINK.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3421277 1984-06-07
DE3421277 1984-06-07

Publications (2)

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EP0166952A1 true EP0166952A1 (en) 1986-01-08
EP0166952B1 EP0166952B1 (en) 1987-09-02

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EP85106456A Expired EP0166952B1 (en) 1984-06-07 1985-05-24 High-current transformer with indirect adjustment of tension by an intermediate circuit

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EP (1) EP0166952B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE29332T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8502692A (en)
DE (1) DE3560541D1 (en)
NO (1) NO164867C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996034397A1 (en) * 1995-04-25 1996-10-31 Raychem Corporation Apparatus comprising inductive and/or power transfer and/or voltage multiplication components
FR2742572A3 (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-06-20 France Transfo Sa Pancake inductive winding with staggered turns for power transformer or electricity distribution

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1028950A (en) * 1950-11-08 1953-05-28 Electric induction device
CH328157A (en) * 1954-03-04 1958-02-28 Ckd Ceska Lipa Narodni Podnik Device for electrical resistance heating
DE1198924B (en) * 1961-03-15 1965-08-19 Alexander Gattermeier Oil-cooled, primary-side switchable high-current oscillating transformer for medium frequency
DE2736092A1 (en) * 1977-08-10 1979-02-22 Transformatoren Union Ag Transformer winding for very high currents - consists of two turns in form of printed circuits bent, clamped and connected with each other

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1028950A (en) * 1950-11-08 1953-05-28 Electric induction device
CH328157A (en) * 1954-03-04 1958-02-28 Ckd Ceska Lipa Narodni Podnik Device for electrical resistance heating
DE1198924B (en) * 1961-03-15 1965-08-19 Alexander Gattermeier Oil-cooled, primary-side switchable high-current oscillating transformer for medium frequency
DE2736092A1 (en) * 1977-08-10 1979-02-22 Transformatoren Union Ag Transformer winding for very high currents - consists of two turns in form of printed circuits bent, clamped and connected with each other

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 4, Nr. 109 (E-20)(591), 6. August 1980, Seite 95 E 20; & JP - A - 55 67119 (HITACHI SEISAKUSHO K.K.) 21.05.1980 *
SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED, Derwent, Woche D42, veröffentlicht 25. November 1981, London, GB; & SU - A - 790 029 (PAVLOV) *
TECHNIQUES CEM, Nr. 115, November 1982, Seiten 34-40, Paris, FR; R. DIDES et al.: "Quelques réalisations spectaculaires en transformateur" *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996034397A1 (en) * 1995-04-25 1996-10-31 Raychem Corporation Apparatus comprising inductive and/or power transfer and/or voltage multiplication components
FR2742572A3 (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-06-20 France Transfo Sa Pancake inductive winding with staggered turns for power transformer or electricity distribution

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8502692A (en) 1986-02-12
NO164867C (en) 1990-11-21
DE3560541D1 (en) 1987-10-08
EP0166952B1 (en) 1987-09-02
ATE29332T1 (en) 1987-09-15
NO164867B (en) 1990-08-13
NO852236L (en) 1985-12-09

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