EP0109024B1 - Three-phase power current line - Google Patents

Three-phase power current line Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0109024B1
EP0109024B1 EP83111096A EP83111096A EP0109024B1 EP 0109024 B1 EP0109024 B1 EP 0109024B1 EP 83111096 A EP83111096 A EP 83111096A EP 83111096 A EP83111096 A EP 83111096A EP 0109024 B1 EP0109024 B1 EP 0109024B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductors
transformer
arrangement
winding
load
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EP83111096A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0109024A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Henrici
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Transformatoren Union AG
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Transformatoren Union AG
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Priority to AT83111096T priority Critical patent/ATE26038T1/en
Publication of EP0109024A1 publication Critical patent/EP0109024A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/001—Power supply cables for the electrodes of electric-welding apparatus or electric-arc furnaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H01F27/04—Leading of conductors or axles through casings, e.g. for tap-changing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2823—Wires
    • H01F27/2828—Construction of conductive connections, of leads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the transmission of large electrical powers with very large currents with small voltage differences from a transformer to a neighboring large consumer, for example a steel melting furnace or an electrolytic bath, via a three-phase line with conductors that are very wide in cross-section in relation to their thickness.
  • the lines for such applications are, as can be seen, for example, from the connections of an oven transformer on page 2 of the transformer letter 29 published by the Transformatoren Union AG from April 1978, usually designed so that the individual conductors roughly the longitudinal edges of a three-sided column form.
  • a rotating stray field is formed outside of the conductors represented by plates or tubes.
  • Metallic or electrically conductive sheaths enclosing the entire line are therefore to be avoided, because each such sheath is to be regarded as an externally attached short-circuit rotor which constantly absorbs the starting current.
  • the transformers provided for supplying steel melting furnaces and the like are equipped with oil cooling.
  • the active part of these transformers is therefore installed in a boiler filled with oil, through the side wall of which the winding leads must be led.
  • the conductors In the area of these bushings, too, the conductors have a very large width in relation to their thickness. Since the broad sides of the conductors themselves are also parallel to one another due to the parallel winding axes and at the same time the centroids of the conductor cross-sectional areas form the corners of an approximately equilateral triangle, the face ends of the conductors are practically opposite one another in the area of the leadthrough.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating an arrangement with a high-current line for the transmission of very powerful currents from a large transformer to an adjacent large electrical consumer and thereby loading all cross-sectional parts of the conductors used with approximately the same current by keeping the line inductance small.
  • the object according to the invention is achieved in that all conductors of the three-phase line from the windings in the transformer to the consumer in the area of the winding rejection as well as in the area through the boiler wall and in an adjoining conductor section are each opposite with their broad sides, the adjacent conductor overlap each other over their full width and that the width of this conductor is approximately equal to the winding height in the transformer.
  • the line-feeding undervoltage windings are connected in a triangle, in each case by connecting the winding rejection of an undervoltage winding on an end leg closer to the middle leg to the rejection of the winding on the middle leg facing it, and by the rejection of the turns facing the ends of the transformer Windings on the end legs are each individually led out through the boiler wall and are only galvanically connected to one another shortly before or directly over the load path of the consumer and thereby form the third triangle point in the delta connection.
  • the ratio of the width of the conductors to their thickness is advantageously between 50 and 150, preferably 100, and the distance between the conductors is greater than their thickness.
  • a high-current line designed according to the invention is very advantageous because there is practically no magnetic voltage generated by it outside of the space enclosed by its conductors.
  • the magnetic voltage in the three spaces between the conductors is symmetrical. Since the flow between flat conductors, which face each other with the large cross-sectional width, is guided very well due to the eddy currents which form easily, there is practically no scatter outside the conductors.
  • the inductive voltage drop in the cable routing according to the invention is also extremely small because the width of the conductors is much larger than their thickness and at the same time the distance between the conductors Although larger than the thickness of the conductor, it is very small in absolute terms. This results in a further advantage of the high-current line according to the invention in that the line requires less driving voltage, so that for a given consumer power a smaller rated power for the transformer than in conventional arrangements is sufficient.
  • the two external conductors are connected at the top and bottom with a crescent-shaped sealing strip to form a tube comprising the other two conductors and through which a coolant flows.
  • each of the conductors is composed of a plurality of electrically and spatially parallel, coolant-flowed tubes, and the voltage between two spatially adjacent conductors can be set individually.
  • the high-current line leads into a transfer piece in which the four conductors are led into a conductor section composed of three V-shaped conductors in cross-section to form a three-pointed star, with the turns of the windings facing the ends of the transformer on the End legs are connected to the same V-shaped conductor.
  • Each of these V-shaped conductors expediently ends in a triangular plate which is connected to a connection pole of the consumer via a flexible conductor bundle or via a series connection of a tube and a flexible conductor bundle.
  • An iron core carries with its middle leg 1 and end legs 2 and 3 radially inner high-voltage windings 4 and undervoltage windings 5, 6 and 7 arranged radially above it.
  • the undervoltage windings 5, 6 and 7 each consist of one turn and are bent from a sheet metal plate, the width of which is equal to that Winding length between a lower yoke 8 and an upper yoke, not shown.
  • the yokes 8 connect the ends of the end legs 2 and 3 to one another and to the ends of the middle leg 1.
  • the iron core is set up together with the high-voltage windings 4 and the low-voltage windings 5 and 7 in an oil-filled boiler with boiler side walls 9.
  • Winding rejections 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 are bent from extensions of the winding conductor of the respective undervoltage winding 5, 6 and 7 and are therefore as wide as the winding 5, 6 and 7 is long in the direction of its winding axis.
  • the winding rejections 10 to 15 are led out of the boiler through a multiple bushing 16 through the boiler side wall 9.
  • the winding leads 11 and 12 or 13 and 14 are each connected to one another and continued via a common thicker conductor 17 or 18.
  • the conductors 17 and 18 and the extensions of the winding leads 10 and 15 run spatially parallel and cover one another over their full width. To fix this position, the conductors 17 and 18 and the winding leads 10 and 15 are pressed onto spacer blocks 20 made of insulating material by means not shown.
  • the extensions of the winding leads 10 and 15 are supplemented outside of the boiler by crescent-shaped sealing strips 21 to form a tube 19 which carries the tension of the third corner point of the delta connection.
  • the tube 19 also serves to guide a cooling liquid and, by building up a line cooling system, enables a further increase in the operational reliability of the high-current line. With an appropriate arrangement of the terminals on the consumer to be supplied, the pipe 19 together with the conductors 17 and 18 is brought up to this directly.
  • the connecting devices of the consumer often form an approximately equilateral triangle with the focal points of their connecting terminals, so that it is necessary to transfer the line according to the invention into a triangulated line.
  • a transfer piece according to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 is used for this purpose. Through this transfer piece, the conductors 17 and 18 and the tube 19 are connected to conductors 22, 23 and 24 which are V-shaped in cross section by the flat conductors 17 and 18 and the pipe 19, which has been broken up again into two flat strips, is each rotated halfway through 120 °. The three conductors 22, 23 and 24 which are V-shaped in cross section are combined to form a three-pointed star.
  • a pulsating flow prevails between the opposite legs of the conductors 22, 23 and 24, while a rotating stray field is generated outside and around the conductor star.
  • the conductors 22, 23 and 24 joined together to form the star of the conductor enable problem-free connection to this via flexible intermediate conductors intended consumers. It is useful to connect the free ends of the conductors 22, 23 and 24 to flexible intermediate conductors across the longitudinal axis of the high-current line on the cross-sectionally V-shaped conductors 22, 23 and 24.

Abstract

1. An arrangement for the transmission of large electrical outputs comprising large currents with small voltage differences from a transformer to an adjacent load, for example a steel melting furnace or an electrolytic bath, by means of a three-phase power line comprising conductors which have a wide cross-section in relation to their thickness, characterised in that all the conductors (10, 15, 17, 18) of the three-phase power line from the transformer windings (5, 6, 7) to the load In the region of the winding output lines (10 to 15) and also in the region of an outlet (16) through the transformer casing (9) and also in a subsequent conductor section have their broader faces respectively opposite one another with adjacent conductors (10, 15, 17, 18) mutually overlapping over their full width, and in that the width of the conductors (10, 17, 18, 15) approximately equals the height of the winding in the transformer.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Übertragung von großen elektrischen Leistungen mit sehr großen Strömen bei kleinen Spannungsunterschieden von einem Transformator zu einem benachbarten Großverbraucher, beispielsweise einem Stahlschmelzofen oder einem elektrolytischen Bad, über eine Drehstromleitung mit im Querschnitt im Verhältnis zu ihrer Dicke sehr breiten Leitern.The invention relates to an arrangement for the transmission of large electrical powers with very large currents with small voltage differences from a transformer to a neighboring large consumer, for example a steel melting furnace or an electrolytic bath, via a three-phase line with conductors that are very wide in cross-section in relation to their thickness.

Die Leitungen für derartige Anwendungsfälle sind, wie sich beispielsweise auch aus den Anschlüssen eines Ofentransformators auf Seite 2 des von der Transformatoren Union AG herausgegebenen Trafo-Brief 29 vom April 1978 ergibt, üblicherweise so gestaltet, daß die einzelnen Leiter in etwa die Längskanten einer dreiseitigen Säule bilden. Dabei bildet sich außerhalb der von Platten oder Rohren dargestellten Leiter ein sich drehendes Streufeld. Es sind daher die gesamte Leitung umschliessende metallische oder elektrisch leitenden Hüllen zu vermeiden, weil jede derartige Hülle wie ein außen angebrachter festgestellter Kurzschlußläufer zu betrachten ist, der ständig den Anlaufstrom aufnimmt.The lines for such applications are, as can be seen, for example, from the connections of an oven transformer on page 2 of the transformer letter 29 published by the Transformatoren Union AG from April 1978, usually designed so that the individual conductors roughly the longitudinal edges of a three-sided column form. A rotating stray field is formed outside of the conductors represented by plates or tubes. Metallic or electrically conductive sheaths enclosing the entire line are therefore to be avoided, because each such sheath is to be regarded as an externally attached short-circuit rotor which constantly absorbs the starting current.

Im Hinblick auf die im allgemeinen große umzusetzende Leistung sind die zur Versorgung von Stahlschmelzöfen und ähnlichem vorgesehenen Transformatoren mit einer Ölkühlung ausgerüstet. Der Aktivteil dieser Transformatoren ist daher in einem mit Öl gefüllten Kessel aufgestellt, durch dessen Seitenwand die Wicklungsausleitungen hindurchgeführt sein müssen. Auch im Bereich dieser Durchführungen haben die Leiter eine im Verhältnis zu ihrer Dicke sehr große Breite. Da die Breitseiten der Leiter aufgrund der parallelen Wickelachsen selber auch parallel zueinander sind und gleichzeitig die Flächenschwerpunkte der Leiterquerschnittsflächen die Ecken eines annähernd gleichseitigen Dreiecks bilden, stehen sich im Bereich der Durchführung praktisch die Stirnseiten der Leiter gegenüber. Dadurch ist eine sehr ungleichmäßige Verteilung des Stromes auf den vorhandenen Leiterquerschnitt erzwungen, so daß für diese Leitungsführung schon bei verhältnismäßig kleinen Leistungen erhebliche thermische Probleme auftreten. Dabei kommt es insbesondere im Bereich der Durchführungen an den sich gegenüberstehenden Stirnseiten der Leiter zu örtlich eng begrenzten kräftigen Erwärmung infolge sehr hoher Stromdichte.In view of the generally large output to be implemented, the transformers provided for supplying steel melting furnaces and the like are equipped with oil cooling. The active part of these transformers is therefore installed in a boiler filled with oil, through the side wall of which the winding leads must be led. In the area of these bushings, too, the conductors have a very large width in relation to their thickness. Since the broad sides of the conductors themselves are also parallel to one another due to the parallel winding axes and at the same time the centroids of the conductor cross-sectional areas form the corners of an approximately equilateral triangle, the face ends of the conductors are practically opposite one another in the area of the leadthrough. As a result, a very uneven distribution of the current over the existing conductor cross section is forced, so that considerable thermal problems occur for this line routing even at relatively low powers. In this case, in particular in the area of the bushings on the opposite end faces of the conductors, there is vigorous heating due to the very high current density.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugründe, eine Anordnung mit einer Hochstromleitung zur Übertragung sehr kräftiger Ströme von einem Großtransformator zu einem benachbarten elektrischen Großverbraucher zu schaffen und dabei alle Querschnittsteile der eingesetzten Leiter annähernd gleich mit Strom zu belasten, indem die Leitungsinduktivität klein gehalten ist.The invention is based on the object of creating an arrangement with a high-current line for the transmission of very powerful currents from a large transformer to an adjacent large electrical consumer and thereby loading all cross-sectional parts of the conductors used with approximately the same current by keeping the line inductance small.

Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß sich alle Leiter der Drehstromleitung von den Wicklungen im Transformator zu dem Verbraucher im Bereich der Wicklungsausleitung ebenso wie im Bereich der Durchführung durch die Kesselwand und ebenso wie in einem sich hieran anschließenden Leiterabschnitt jeweils mit ihren breiten Seiten gegenüberliegen, wobei einander benachbarte der Leiter sich gegenseitig über ihre volle Breite überdecken und daß die Breite dieser Leiter annähernd gleich der Wicklungshöhe im Transformator ist.The object according to the invention is achieved in that all conductors of the three-phase line from the windings in the transformer to the consumer in the area of the winding rejection as well as in the area through the boiler wall and in an adjoining conductor section are each opposite with their broad sides, the adjacent conductor overlap each other over their full width and that the width of this conductor is approximately equal to the winding height in the transformer.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die Leitung speisende Unterspannungswicklungen im Dreieck geschaltet, indem jeweils die dem Mittelschenkel näher liegende Wicklungsausleitung einer Unterspannungswicklung auf einem Endschenkel mit der ihr zugekehrten Ausleitung der Wicklung auf dem Mittelschenkel verbunden ist und indem die den Enden des Transformators zugekehrten Ausleitungen der Wicklungen auf den Endschenkeln je für sich durch die Kesselwand hinausgeführt sind und erst kurz vor oder direkt über die Laststrecke des Verbrauchers galvanisch miteinander verbunden sind und dabei den dritten Dreieckspunkt in der Dreiecksschaltung bilden. Dabei liegt zweckmäßigerweise das Verhältnis der Breite der Leiter zu ihrer Dicke zwischen 50 und 150, vorzugsweise bei 100, und ist der Abstand der Leiter voneinander größer als deren Dicke.According to an advantageous development of the invention, the line-feeding undervoltage windings are connected in a triangle, in each case by connecting the winding rejection of an undervoltage winding on an end leg closer to the middle leg to the rejection of the winding on the middle leg facing it, and by the rejection of the turns facing the ends of the transformer Windings on the end legs are each individually led out through the boiler wall and are only galvanically connected to one another shortly before or directly over the load path of the consumer and thereby form the third triangle point in the delta connection. The ratio of the width of the conductors to their thickness is advantageously between 50 and 150, preferably 100, and the distance between the conductors is greater than their thickness.

Eine erfindungsgemäß gestaltete Hochstromleitung ist sehr vorteilhaft, weil außerhalb des von ihren Leitern umschlossenen Raumes praktisch keine von ihr erzeugte magnetische Spannung vorhanden ist. Dabei ist die magnetische Spannung in den drei Zwischenräumen zwischen den Leitern symmetrisch. Da der Fluß zwischen Flachleitern, die sich mit der großen Querschnittsbreite gegenüberstehen, infolge sich leicht ausbildender Wirbelströme sehr gut geführt wird, gibt es praktisch keine Streuung außerhalb der Leiter.A high-current line designed according to the invention is very advantageous because there is practically no magnetic voltage generated by it outside of the space enclosed by its conductors. The magnetic voltage in the three spaces between the conductors is symmetrical. Since the flow between flat conductors, which face each other with the large cross-sectional width, is guided very well due to the eddy currents which form easily, there is practically no scatter outside the conductors.

Darüber hinaus kann auch kein Drehfeld entstehen, weil um 120° auf einem Kreis gegeneinander versetzte Leiter fehlen. Demzufolge sind Schwierigkeiten durch vagabundierende magnetische Flüsse bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Leiterbündels durch die Kesselwand bis zu beliebig großen Strömen ausgeschlossen. Aufgrund der symmetrischen magnetischen Flüsse entstehen auch symmetrische Spannungsabfälle, so daß der induktive Spannungsabfall in den Einzelleitern absolut gleich groß ist. Die ohmschen Spannungsabfälle in den Leitern erfolgen in der Phasenlage der Ströme und unterstützen deren weitgehende Symmetrie.In addition, no rotating field can arise because there are no conductors offset by 120 ° in a circle. As a result, difficulties caused by stray magnetic fluxes when carrying out the conductor bundle designed according to the invention through the boiler wall up to currents of any size are excluded. Because of the symmetrical magnetic fluxes, symmetrical voltage drops also occur, so that the inductive voltage drop in the individual conductors is absolutely the same. The ohmic voltage drops in the conductors take place in the phase relationship of the currents and support their extensive symmetry.

Der induktive Spannungsabfall in der erfindungsgemäßen Leitungsführung ist darüber hinaus auch extrem klein, weil die Breite der Leiter sehr viel größer ist als deren Stärke und gleichzeitig der Abstand der Leiter voneinander zwar größer als die Dicke der Leiter, absolut betrachtet jedoch sehr klein ist. Daraus ergibt sich ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Hochstromleitung insofern, als die Leitung weniger treibende Spannung erfordert, so daß bei vorgegebener Verbraucherleistung eine kleinere Nennleistung für den Transformator als bei herkömmlichen Anordnungen ausreichend ist.The inductive voltage drop in the cable routing according to the invention is also extremely small because the width of the conductors is much larger than their thickness and at the same time the distance between the conductors Although larger than the thickness of the conductor, it is very small in absolute terms. This results in a further advantage of the high-current line according to the invention in that the line requires less driving voltage, so that for a given consumer power a smaller rated power for the transformer than in conventional arrangements is sufficient.

Im Hinblick auf ein fehlendes äußeres Magnetfeld sind nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung die beiden außen liegenden Leiter oben und unten mit einem im Querschnitt sichelförmigen Verschlußstreifen zu einem die beiden anderen Leiter umfassenden Rohr miteinander verbunden, das von einem Kühlmittel durchströmt ist.In view of a lack of an external magnetic field, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the two external conductors are connected at the top and bottom with a crescent-shaped sealing strip to form a tube comprising the other two conductors and through which a coolant flows.

Nach anderen zweckmäßigen Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ist jeder einzelne der Leiter aus einer Mehrzahl von elektrisch und räumlich parallelliegenden, kühlmitteldurchströmten Rohren zusammengesetzt und ist die Spannung zwischen je zwei räumlich benachbarten Leitern je für sich einstellbar.According to other expedient developments of the invention, each of the conductors is composed of a plurality of electrically and spatially parallel, coolant-flowed tubes, and the voltage between two spatially adjacent conductors can be set individually.

Die Hochstromleitung mündet gemäß einer weiteren zweckmäßigen Weiterbildung der Erfindung in ein Überleitungsstück, in dem die vier Leiter in eine im Querschnitt aus drei V-förmigen Leitern zu einem dreistrahligen Stern zusammengesetzten Leiterabschnitt geführt sind, wobei die den Enden des Transformators zugekehrten Ausleitungen der Wicklungen auf den Endschenkeln mit demselben V-förmigen Leiter verbunden sind. Jeder dieser V-förmigen Leiter endet zweckmäßigerweise in einer dreieckigen Platte, die über ein flexibles Leiterbündel oder über eine Reihenschaltung aus einem Rohr und einem flexiblen Leiterbündel mit einem Anschlußpol des Verbrauchers verbunden ist.According to a further expedient development of the invention, the high-current line leads into a transfer piece in which the four conductors are led into a conductor section composed of three V-shaped conductors in cross-section to form a three-pointed star, with the turns of the windings facing the ends of the transformer on the End legs are connected to the same V-shaped conductor. Each of these V-shaped conductors expediently ends in a triangular plate which is connected to a connection pole of the consumer via a flexible conductor bundle or via a series connection of a tube and a flexible conductor bundle.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt den Querschnitt entlang einer horizontalen Ebene durch einen Ofentransformator.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt den Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäß gestaltete Hochstromleitung.
  • Fig. 3, 4 und 5 sind Draufsicht, Schnitt und Seitenansicht eines Überleitungsstückes der Hochstromleitung.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.
  • Fig. 1 shows the cross section along a horizontal plane through an oven transformer.
  • Fig. 2 shows the cross section through a high-current line designed according to the invention.
  • 3, 4 and 5 are top view, section and side view of a transfer piece of the high current line.

Ein Eisenkern trägt mit seinem Mittelschenkel 1 und Endschenkeln 2 und 3 radial innenliegende Oberspannungswicklungen 4 und radial darüber angeordnete Unterspannungswicklungen 5, 6 und 7. Die Unterspannungswicklungen 5, 6 und 7 bestehen aus je einer Windung und sind aus einer Blechtafel gebogen, deren Breite gleich der Wicklungslänge zwischen einem unteren Joch 8 und einem nicht dargestellten oberen Joch ist. Die Joche 8 verbinden die Enden der Endschenkel 2 und 3 miteinander und mit den Enden des Mittelschenkels 1.An iron core carries with its middle leg 1 and end legs 2 and 3 radially inner high-voltage windings 4 and undervoltage windings 5, 6 and 7 arranged radially above it. The undervoltage windings 5, 6 and 7 each consist of one turn and are bent from a sheet metal plate, the width of which is equal to that Winding length between a lower yoke 8 and an upper yoke, not shown. The yokes 8 connect the ends of the end legs 2 and 3 to one another and to the ends of the middle leg 1.

Der Eisenkern ist zusammen mit den Oberspannungswicklungen 4 und den Unterspannungswicklungen 5, und 7 in einem mit Öl gefüllten Kessel mit Kesselseitenwänden 9 aufgestellt. Wicklungsausleitungen 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 und 15 sind aus Verlängerungen des Wickelleiters der jeweiligen Unterspannungswicklung 5, 6 bzw. 7 gebogen und daher ebenso breit wie die Wicklung 5, 6 bzw. 7 in Richtung ihrer Wickelachse lang ist. Die Wicklungsausleitungen 10 bis 15 sind über eine Mehrfachdurchführung 16 durch die Kesselseitenwand 9 aus dem Kessel herausgeführt. Dabei sind zur Bildung einer Dreiecksschaltung der Unterspannungswicklungen 5, 6 und 7 die Wicklungsausleitungen 11 und 12 bzw. 13 und 14 jeweils miteinander verbunden und über einen gemeinsamen dickeren Leiter 17 bzw. 18 weitergeführt.The iron core is set up together with the high-voltage windings 4 and the low-voltage windings 5 and 7 in an oil-filled boiler with boiler side walls 9. Winding rejections 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 are bent from extensions of the winding conductor of the respective undervoltage winding 5, 6 and 7 and are therefore as wide as the winding 5, 6 and 7 is long in the direction of its winding axis. The winding rejections 10 to 15 are led out of the boiler through a multiple bushing 16 through the boiler side wall 9. In order to form a delta connection of the undervoltage windings 5, 6 and 7, the winding leads 11 and 12 or 13 and 14 are each connected to one another and continued via a common thicker conductor 17 or 18.

Außerhalb des Kessels verlaufen die Leiter 17 und 18 sowie die Verlängerungen der Wicklungsausleitungen 10 und 15 räumlich parallel und decken sich dabei gegenseitig über ihre volle Breite ab. Zur Fixierung dieser Lage sind die Leiter 17 und 18 sowie die Wicklungsausleitungen 10 und 15 durch nicht dargestellte Hilfsmittel auf Distanzklötze 20 aus Isolierstoff gepreßt.Outside the boiler, the conductors 17 and 18 and the extensions of the winding leads 10 and 15 run spatially parallel and cover one another over their full width. To fix this position, the conductors 17 and 18 and the winding leads 10 and 15 are pressed onto spacer blocks 20 made of insulating material by means not shown.

Die Verlängerungen der Wicklungsausleitungen 10 und 15 sind außerhalb des Kessels durch sichelförmige Verschlußstreifen 21 zu einem Rohr 19 ergänzt, das die Spannung des dritten Eckpunktes der Dreiecksschaltung führt. Das Rohr 19 dient gleichzeitig zur Führung einer Kühlflüssigkeit und ermöglicht durch den Aufbau einer Leitungskühlung eine weitere Erhöhung der Betriebssicherheit der Hochstromleitung. Bei entsprechender Anordnung der Anschlußklemmen an dem zu versorgenden Verbraucher ist das Rohr 19 zusammen mit den Leitern 17 und 18 bis unmittelbar an diesen herangeführt.The extensions of the winding leads 10 and 15 are supplemented outside of the boiler by crescent-shaped sealing strips 21 to form a tube 19 which carries the tension of the third corner point of the delta connection. The tube 19 also serves to guide a cooling liquid and, by building up a line cooling system, enables a further increase in the operational reliability of the high-current line. With an appropriate arrangement of the terminals on the consumer to be supplied, the pipe 19 together with the conductors 17 and 18 is brought up to this directly.

Häufig bilden jedoch die Anschlußeinrichtungen des Verbrauchers mit den Schwerpunkten ihrer Anschlußklemmen ein etwa gleichseitiges Dreieck, so daß eine Überleitung der erfindungsgemäßen Leitung in eine triangulierte Leitung erforderlich ist. Zu diesem Zweck dient ein Überleitungsstück gemäß den Figuren 3, 4 und 5. Durch dieses Überleitungsstück werden die Leiter 17 und 18 sowie das Rohr 19 mit im Querschnitt V-förmigen Leitern 22, 23 und 24 verbunden, indem die flachen Leiter 17 und 18 und das wieder in zwei flache Bänder aufgelöste Rohr 19 je zur Hälfte um 120° gedreht werden. Die dabei gebildeten drei im Querschnitt V-förmigen Leiter 22, 23 und 24 sind zu einem dreistrahligen Stern zusammengesetzt.However, the connecting devices of the consumer often form an approximately equilateral triangle with the focal points of their connecting terminals, so that it is necessary to transfer the line according to the invention into a triangulated line. A transfer piece according to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 is used for this purpose. Through this transfer piece, the conductors 17 and 18 and the tube 19 are connected to conductors 22, 23 and 24 which are V-shaped in cross section by the flat conductors 17 and 18 and the pipe 19, which has been broken up again into two flat strips, is each rotated halfway through 120 °. The three conductors 22, 23 and 24 which are V-shaped in cross section are combined to form a three-pointed star.

Zwischen den sich gegenüberliegenden Schenkeln der Leiter 22, 23 und 24 herrscht ein pulsierender Fluß, während außerhalb des Leitersterns und um denselben herum ein sich drehendes Streufeld erzeugt wird. Die zu dem Leiterstern zusammengefügten Leiter 22, 23 und 24 ermöglichen jedoch einen problemlosen Anschluß über flexible Zwischenleiter an hierfür vorgesehene Verbraucher. Dabei sind zum Anschluß der freien Enden der Leiter 22,23 und 24 an flexible Zwischenleiter zweckmäßig quer zur Längsachse der Hochstromleitung auf den im Querschnitt V-förmigen Leitern 22, 23 und 24 angebrachte Platten vorgesehen.A pulsating flow prevails between the opposite legs of the conductors 22, 23 and 24, while a rotating stray field is generated outside and around the conductor star. The conductors 22, 23 and 24 joined together to form the star of the conductor, however, enable problem-free connection to this via flexible intermediate conductors intended consumers. It is useful to connect the free ends of the conductors 22, 23 and 24 to flexible intermediate conductors across the longitudinal axis of the high-current line on the cross-sectionally V-shaped conductors 22, 23 and 24.

Claims (10)

1. An arrangement for the transmission of large electrical outputs comprising large currents with small voltage differences from a transformer to an adjacent load, for example a steel melting furnace or an electrolytic bath, by means of a three-phase power line comprising conductors which have a wide cross-section in relation to their thickness, characterised in that all the conductors (10, 15, 17, 18) of the three-phase power line from the transformer windings (5, 6, 7) to the load In the region of the winding output lines (10 to 15) and also in the region of an outlet (16) through the transformer casing (9) and also in a subsequent conductor section have their broader faces respectively opposite one another with adjacent conductors (10, 15, 17, 18) mutually overlapping over their full width, and in that the width of the conductors (10, 17, 18, 15) approximately equals the height of the winding in the transformer.
2. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the conductor section following the outlet (16) through the transformer casing (9) directly extends to the load by means of conductors (17, 18, 19) which overlap one another over their full width.
3. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1 and 2, characterised in that the low-tension voltage windings (5, 6, 7) feeding the line are Delta connected,
- in that the winding output line (11 and 14) nearest the central flank (1) of a low-tension voltage winding (5 and 7), on an end flank (2 and 3) is connected to the output line (12 and 13) of the low-tension voltage winding (6) on the central flank (1) facing that line, and
- in that the output lines (10 and 15) of the low-tension voltage windings (5 and 7) on the end flanks (2 and 3) which are adjacent the ends of the transformer respectively lead through the transformer casing (9) by themselves and are only galvanically connected to one another shortly before or directly via the load path of the consumer and thus form the third triangulation point in the Delta connection.
4. An arrangement as claimed in claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the ratio of the width of the conductors (17, 18) to their thickness ranges between 50 and 150, preferably 100.
5. An arrangement as claimed in claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the distance of the conductors (17, 18, 19) from one another is greater than the thickness of the conductors (17, 18, 19).
6. An arrangement as claimed in claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the two outer conductors (10, 15) are connected to one another at the top and at the bottom by means of a locking strip (21) which has a sickle-shaped cross-section to form a pipe (19) enclosing the two other conductors (17, 18) and that said pipe (19) is traversed by a coolant.
7. An arrangement as claimed in claims 1 to 5, characterised in that each individual conductor consists of a plurality of electrically and spatially parallel pipes, through which a coolant flows.
8. An arrangement as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the voltage between two spatially adjacent conductors (10,17,18,15) is individually adjustable.
9. An arrangement as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that in a transition piece of the high-amperage circuit the four conductors (10, 17, 18, 15) are guided in a conductor section which in the cross-section consists of three V-shaped conductors (22, 23, 24) which are combined to form a three-pointed star, to the connection point of the load, where the output lines (10, 15) adjecent the ends of the transformer of the windings (5 and 7) on the end flanks (2 and 3) are connected to the same V-shaped conductor (24).
10. An arrangement as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that each of the V-shaped conductors (22, 23, 24) terminates in a triangular plate which is connected to a terminal pole of the load by means of a flexible conductor bundle or by means of a series connection consisting of a pipe and a flexible conductor bundle. *Fr
EP83111096A 1982-11-16 1983-11-07 Three-phase power current line Expired EP0109024B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83111096T ATE26038T1 (en) 1982-11-16 1983-11-07 HIGH-CURRENT CABLE FOR THREE-PHASE CURRENT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823242438 DE3242438A1 (en) 1982-11-16 1982-11-16 HIGH CURRENT LINE FOR THREE-PHASE
DE3242438 1982-11-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0109024A1 EP0109024A1 (en) 1984-05-23
EP0109024B1 true EP0109024B1 (en) 1987-03-18

Family

ID=6178301

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83111096A Expired EP0109024B1 (en) 1982-11-16 1983-11-07 Three-phase power current line

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0109024B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59103317A (en)
AT (1) ATE26038T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3242438A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3411141C2 (en) * 1984-03-26 1986-07-31 Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Transformer with high current bushing
DE3629310A1 (en) * 1986-08-28 1988-03-10 Transformatoren Union Ag High-current conductor for special transformers
CH671902A5 (en) * 1987-02-09 1989-10-13 Elpatronic Ag
DE9105967U1 (en) * 1991-05-14 1992-09-17 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De
DE19947917A1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-04-12 Abb Research Ltd Transformer has high voltage side enclosed at least in partly by low voltage side with coaxial inner conductor, tube forming housing with bridging cap connected to conductor
CN108922746B (en) * 2018-06-26 2023-12-22 河南森源电气股份有限公司 Three-phase transformer

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT148848B (en) * 1935-02-05 1937-03-10 Ludwig Gavanda Dr Ing Single or multi-phase high current line.
US3125622A (en) * 1960-07-25 1964-03-17 Conductors for arc furnaces
DE2501510C3 (en) * 1975-01-16 1979-02-15 Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Winding for transformers and chokes
US4174509A (en) * 1977-12-29 1979-11-13 General Electric Company Furnace transformer having a low-voltage internally-connected delta winding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0109024A1 (en) 1984-05-23
JPS59103317A (en) 1984-06-14
DE3242438A1 (en) 1984-05-17
ATE26038T1 (en) 1987-04-15
DE3370400D1 (en) 1987-04-23

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