EP0120379B1 - Load changer for switching step windings of a three-phase transformer - Google Patents

Load changer for switching step windings of a three-phase transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0120379B1
EP0120379B1 EP84102606A EP84102606A EP0120379B1 EP 0120379 B1 EP0120379 B1 EP 0120379B1 EP 84102606 A EP84102606 A EP 84102606A EP 84102606 A EP84102606 A EP 84102606A EP 0120379 B1 EP0120379 B1 EP 0120379B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
closely
stepped
windings
fixed contacts
winding
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Expired
Application number
EP84102606A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0120379A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Widmann
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Siemens AG
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Transformatoren Union AG
Siemens AG
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Priority to AT84102606T priority Critical patent/ATE27873T1/en
Publication of EP0120379A1 publication Critical patent/EP0120379A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/025—Constructional details of transformers or reactors with tapping on coil or windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to load selectors for switching step windings of a three-phase transformer, each with a phase arranged in a plane on a circle, with fixed contacts connected to the taps of fine-step windings.
  • Load selectors have the essential advantage over the conventional tap changers that the contacts and switches for all three phases can be accommodated in a single column even with a delta connection. In the case of conventional tap changers with a separate load switch, this is primarily not possible because the large distances required here between the load switch contacts of different phases within the same load switch cannot be realized.
  • the fixed contacts of one phase connected to taps of a fine-stage winding are arranged in a plane in a plane on a circle, around the center of which movable contacts are pivoted and thereby advance from stage to stage.
  • the fixed contacts of fine-phase windings assigned to different phases have correspondingly large distances from one another, so that the known solutions, in particular at higher nominal voltages, result in uneconomically large heights for the load selector column.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a load selector which can also be used in a delta connection of transformer windings, the overall height of which is of the same order of magnitude as the overall height of selectors of transformer windings arranged in the star point.
  • the switch contacts of additionally provided preselectors for connection and disconnection or for coarse step windings of the three phases are arranged in a common plane and offset in the circumferential direction of the load selector column by the same angle with respect to one another.
  • this arrangement limits the maximum achievable nominal voltage for a predetermined diameter for the load selector column, because with a delta connection of the transformer windings in the circumferential direction three times in succession, the insulation distance for the chained full phase voltage must be observed.
  • movable contacts cooperating with the fixed contacts of the fine-stage windings are carried for all three phases by a common tube made of insulating material and that movable contacts cooperating with the fixed contacts of the selection are all attached at the same radial distance from the selector axis are, the uppermost selector contacts being moved via insulating rods or an insulating tube which are located outside the insulating tube which is used to move the fine-stage contacts, while the lower selector contacts are moving via an insulating rod or an insulating tube that lies within the insulating tube used to move the fine-stage contacts.
  • the load selector according to the invention is very advantageous because it limits the overall height for the load selector to an economically justifiable level even in the case of a delta connection of transformer windings with relatively large nominal voltages.
  • a main winding U1, V1 or W1 a coarse step winding U2, V2 or W2 and a fine step winding U3, V3 or W3 are provided for each phase.
  • the fine-stage windings U3 and V3 are directly electrically connected to one another at a triangle point common to them. The electrical connection of the windings assigned to the same phase takes place within the load selector.
  • the winding leads of the fine stage winding W3 are electrically connected to the fixed contacts in level 4 of the jacket 6.
  • the full triangular voltage lies between the winding rejects of the fine stage winding W3 on the one hand and the winding rejection of the fine stage windings U3 and V3 on the other hand, so that the vertical distance between levels 3 and 4 is designed to be sufficiently large to ensure the required dielectric strength. I.e. the distance between levels 3 and 4 is significantly greater than the distance between levels 2 and 3.
  • Corresponding contacts of the coarse step winding U2 are offset by 180 ° relative to the contacts of the coarse step winding V2 on the circumference of the jacket 6, as shown in particular in the figure.
  • the vertical distance between levels 1 and 2 is small in accordance with the relatively small voltage load between the fine-stage windings U3 and V3 assigned to the same triangle point of the circuit on the one hand and the coarse-stage windings U2 and V2 on the other hand, and essentially corresponds to the distance between levels 2 and 3.
  • the winding rejects of the coarse stage winding W2 are finally connected to the fixed contacts 8 in level 5, which in turn is provided only a short distance below level 4, since the electrical voltages applied to the winding rejects of the fine stage winding W3 and the coarse stage winding W2 are only a maximum of can distinguish the voltage corresponding to the setting range.
  • the vertical distance between levels 4 and 5 is therefore practically the same as the distance between levels 2 and 1.
  • a movable contact 7 is provided, which can be swiveled from one fixed contact 8 to the next in a manner not shown, without interrupting the current. All three movable contacts 7 are carried by a common tube 12 made of insulating material.
  • the fixed contacts 8 in levels 1 and 5 work together with movable contact bridges 9, which each connect adjacent contacts 8 lying in the same level 1 or 5.
  • the contact bridges 9 are carried by pipe sections 10 or 11 or by insulating rods or insulating segments.
  • a hollow shaft 13 arranged centrally in the tube 12 or a corresponding insulating rod, which is actuated directly by the Geneva gear 14, serves to drive the preselection level 5.
  • Appropriate design of the Geneva gear 14 ensures on the one hand a synchronism for the pipe sections 10 and 11 and on the other hand it is specified that the pipe sections 10 and 11 are only taken with certain switching steps of the pipe 12 and otherwise when switching the pipe 12 in their respective Position remain.
  • both the tube 12 and the hollow shaft 13 are mounted with their lower ends below the level 5 in or on a flange 15, and the upper ends of the tube 12 and the hollow shaft 13 are in the region of the above an upper flange 16 arranged Geneva gear 14 mounted.
  • the pipe section 10 is supported on the upper end of the pipe 12 and, if necessary, is also supported on the outside against the upper flange 16.
  • levels 1 and 5 are omitted together with the fixed and movable contacts arranged in them, so that only the fixed contacts 8 and the associated movable contacts 7 remain in levels 2, 3 and 4 .
  • the load selector can still be used in a very advantageous manner because, on the one hand, it ensures a very low overall height due to the small distance between levels 2 and 3 and, on the other hand, because of the possible increase in the distance between levels 3 and 4 can be used with extremely large nominal voltages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Protection Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

1. A load-changer for switching step windings of a three-phase transformer comprising fixed contacts (8) arranged on a ring in a plane for each phase and connected to taps of closely-stepped windings, characterized in : that there are circuit device with respective specific assemblies for selectors and load switches is known manner ; the closely-stepped windings (U3, V3, W3) are parts of windings of the three phases (U, V, W) which are electrically switched in a triangle and the closely-stepped windings (U3, V3) of the first and second phase are arranged at a common corner point of the triangle connection ; that the two planes (2, 3) which house the fixed contacts (8) opf the taps of one of the first and second closely-shepped windings (U3, V3) assigned to the common corner point have a spacing in accordance with the relatively small differences in potential between said two closely-stepped windings (U3, V3) ; and that the plane (4) which houses the fixed contacts (8) of the third closely-stepped winding (W3) is spaced from the nearest of the two other planes (3) to be at least in accordance with the operating and testing voltages between the phases (U, V, W) of the entire winding.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Lastwähler zum Schalten von Stufenwicklungen eines Dreiphasen-Transformators mit je Phase in einer Ebene auf jeweils einem Kreis angeordneten, mit den Anzapfungen von Feinstufenwicklungen verbundenen, festen Kontakten.The invention relates to load selectors for switching step windings of a three-phase transformer, each with a phase arranged in a plane on a circle, with fixed contacts connected to the taps of fine-step windings.

Lastwähler haben gegenüber den üblichen Stufenschalteinrichtungen den wesentlichen Vorteil, daß auch bei einer Dreiecksschaltung die Kontakte und Schalter für alle drei Phasen in einer einzigen Säule untergebracht werden können. Bei üblichen Stufenschalteinrichtungen mit gesondertem Lastschalter ist dies vor allem deshalb nicht möglich, weil die hierbei erforderlichen großen Abstände zwischen den Lastschalterkontakten unterschiedlicher Phasen innerhalb desselben Lastschalters nicht realisierbar sind.Load selectors have the essential advantage over the conventional tap changers that the contacts and switches for all three phases can be accommodated in a single column even with a delta connection. In the case of conventional tap changers with a separate load switch, this is primarily not possible because the large distances required here between the load switch contacts of different phases within the same load switch cannot be realized.

Bei einem durch die DE-B-27 31 133 bekannten Lastwähler sind die mit Anzapfungen jeweils einer Feinstufenwicklung verbundenen festen Kontakte einer Phase in einer Ebene auf einem Kreis angeordnet, um dessen Mittelpunkt bewegliche Kontakte geschwenkt werden und dabei von Stufe zu Stufe weiterschalten. Darüber hinaus ist durch die DE-A-29 13 271 bekannt, die festen Kontakte der jeweils drei verschiedenen Phasen zugeordneten Feinstufenwicklungen jeweils für die volle verkettete Spannung einschließlich der zugehörigen Prüfspannungen elektrisch gegeneinander zu isolieren. Die festen Kontakte von unterschiedlichen Phasen zugeordneten Feinstufenwicklungen haben dabei entsprechend große Abstände voneinander, so daß die bekannten Lösungen, insbesondere bei höheren Nennspannungen, unwirtschaftlich große Bauhöhen für die Lastwählersäule zur Folge haben.In a load selector known from DE-B-27 31 133, the fixed contacts of one phase connected to taps of a fine-stage winding are arranged in a plane in a plane on a circle, around the center of which movable contacts are pivoted and thereby advance from stage to stage. In addition, it is known from DE-A-29 13 271 to electrically isolate the fixed contacts of the fine-stage windings, each assigned to three different phases, for the full interlinked voltage including the associated test voltages. The fixed contacts of fine-phase windings assigned to different phases have correspondingly large distances from one another, so that the known solutions, in particular at higher nominal voltages, result in uneconomically large heights for the load selector column.

Aus der DE-B-2 005 189 ist bei einem dreiphasigen Stufentrafs mit besonderen Baugruppen für Wähler und Lastschalter bekannt, dass die Feinstufenwicklungen Teile von elektrisch im Dreieck geschalteten Wicklungen der drei Phasen sind und die Feinstufenwicklungen der ersten und der zweiten Phase an einem gemeinsamen Endpunkt der Dreieckschaltung liegen.From DE-B-2 005 189 it is known in a three-phase step transformer with special assemblies for selectors and load switches that the fine-stage windings are parts of electrically delta-connected windings of the three phases and the fine-stage windings of the first and second phases at a common end point the delta connection.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen auch bei einer Dreiecksschaltung von Transformatorwicklungen verwendbaren Lastwähler zu schaffen, dessen Bauhöhe in der gleichen Größenordnung liegt, wie die Bauhöhe von sternpunktseitig angeordneten Wählern von im Stern geschalteten Transformatorwicklungen.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a load selector which can also be used in a delta connection of transformer windings, the overall height of which is of the same order of magnitude as the overall height of selectors of transformer windings arranged in the star point.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bei einem Lastwähler der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst,

  • daß von den im Dreieck geschalteten Feinstufenwicklungen die Feinstufenwicklungen der ersten und der zweiten Phase an einem gemeinsamen Eckpunkt der Dreiecksschaltung liegen,
  • daß die beiden die festen Kontakte der Anzapfungen von jeweils einer der demselben Eckpunkt zugeordneten Feinstufenwicklungen aufnehmenden Ebenen einen Abstand entsprechend den relativ kleinen Differenzspannüngen zwischen diesen beiden Feinstufenwicklungen haben und
  • daß der Abstand der die Kontakte der dritten Feinstufenwicklung aufnehmenden Ebene von der ihr nächsten der beiden anderen Ebenen mindestens entsprechend den Betriebs- und Prüfspannungen zwischen den Phasen der gesamten Wicklung ausgelegt ist.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in a load selector of the type mentioned at the outset by
  • that of the fine-stage windings connected in a delta, the fine-stage windings of the first and second phases lie at a common corner point of the delta connection,
  • that the two the fixed contacts of the taps of one of the same corner point associated fine stage windings receiving planes have a distance corresponding to the relatively small differential voltages between these two fine stage windings and
  • that the distance of the plane receiving the contacts of the third fine-stage winding from the next of the two other planes is designed at least according to the operating and test voltages between the phases of the entire winding.

Bei der durch die DE-OS 29 13 271 bekannten Lastwähleranordnung sind die Schaltkontakte von zusätzlich vorgesehenen Vorwählern für Zu-und Gegenschaltung oder für Grobstufenwicklungen der drei Phasen in einer gemeinsamen Ebene angeordnet und in Umfangsrichtung der Lastwählersäule um gleiche Winkel gegeneinander versetzt. Diese Anordnung begrenzt jedoch bei vorgegebenem Durchmesser für die Lastwählersäule die maximal erreichbare Nennspannung, weil bei einer Dreiecksschaltung der Transformatorwicklungen in Umfangsrichtung dreimal hintereinander der Isolationsabstand für die verkettete volle Phasenspannung eingehalten werden muß.In the load selector arrangement known from DE-OS 29 13 271, the switch contacts of additionally provided preselectors for connection and disconnection or for coarse step windings of the three phases are arranged in a common plane and offset in the circumferential direction of the load selector column by the same angle with respect to one another. However, this arrangement limits the maximum achievable nominal voltage for a predetermined diameter for the load selector column, because with a delta connection of the transformer windings in the circumferential direction three times in succession, the insulation distance for the chained full phase voltage must be observed.

Gemäß einer zweckmäßigen Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist daher vorgesehen, daß zusätzlich zu den drei die Kontakte der drei Feinstufenwicklungen aufnehmenden Ebenen zwei weitere Ebenen zur Aufnahme von festen Kontakten von Grobstufenwicklungen vorgesehen sind, wobei die Kontakte der beiden Vorwähler, die potentialmäßig an einem gemeinsamen Dreieckspunkt der zugehörigen Phasen liegen, in einer Ebene um 180° versetzt zusammengefaßt sind, wobei diese Vorwählerebene räumlich benachbart zu einer bzw. zu beiden demselben Dreieckspunkt gehörenden Feinwählerebenen liegt, und wobei die Kontakte des der dritten Feinstufenwicklung zugeordneten Vorwählers räumlich der Kontaktebene der dritten Feinstufenwicklung benachbart sind. Dabei sind einander entsprechende feste Kontakte des der ersten Feinstufenwicklung zugeordneten Vorwählers in Drehrichtung der Wählerachse um 180° gegen die festen Kontakte des der zweiten Feinstufenwicklung zugeordneten Vorwählers versetzt.According to an expedient development of the invention, it is therefore provided that, in addition to the three levels receiving the contacts of the three fine-stage windings, two further levels are provided for receiving fixed contacts of coarse-level windings, the contacts of the two preselectors, which are potentially connected to a common triangle point Phases lie, are combined in a plane offset by 180 °, this preselection plane being spatially adjacent to one or both of the same triangle point belonging to the fine selection planes, and wherein the contacts of the preselector assigned to the third fine stage winding are spatially adjacent to the contact level of the third fine stage winding. Corresponding fixed contacts of the preselector assigned to the first fine-stage winding are offset in the direction of rotation of the selector axis by 180 ° against the fixed contacts of the preselector assigned to the second fine-stage winding.

Nach vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß mit den festen Kontakten der Feinstufenwicklungen zusammenarbeitende bewegliche Kontakte für alle drei Phasen von einem gemeinsamen Rohr aus Isolierwerkstoff getragen sind und daß mit den festen Kontakten der Vorwähler zusammenarbeitende bewegliche Kontakte alle im gleichen radialen Abstand von der Wählerachse angebracht sind, wobei die obersten Vorwählerkontakte über Isolierstäbe oder ein Isolierrohr bewegt werden, die bzw. das außerhalb der zum Bewegen der Feinstufenkontakte dienenden Isolierrohres liegen, während der bzw. die unteren Vorwählerkontakte über einen Isolierstab oder ein Isolierrohr bewegt werden, das innerhalb des zum Bewegen der Feinstufenkontakte dienenden Isolierrohres liegt.According to advantageous embodiments of the invention it is provided that movable contacts cooperating with the fixed contacts of the fine-stage windings are carried for all three phases by a common tube made of insulating material and that movable contacts cooperating with the fixed contacts of the selection are all attached at the same radial distance from the selector axis are, the uppermost selector contacts being moved via insulating rods or an insulating tube which are located outside the insulating tube which is used to move the fine-stage contacts, while the lower selector contacts are moving via an insulating rod or an insulating tube that lies within the insulating tube used to move the fine-stage contacts.

Der erfindungsgemäße Lastwähler ist sehr vorteilhaft, weil er auch bei einer Dreiecksschaltung von Transformatorwicklungen mit verhältnismäßig großen Nennspannungen die Bauhöhe für den Lastwähler auf ein wirtschaftlich vertretbares Maß begrenzt.The load selector according to the invention is very advantageous because it limits the overall height for the load selector to an economically justifiable level even in the case of a delta connection of transformer windings with relatively large nominal voltages.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.

  • Figur 1 zeigt eine Dreiecksschaltung von Transformatorwicklungen.
  • Figur 2 ist ein Längsschnitt durch einen Lastwähler für einen Dreiphasentransformator.
  • Figur 3 ist ein Schnitt gemäß 111-111 in Fig. 2.
  • Figur 4 ist ein Schnitt gemäß IV-IV in Fig. 2.
  • Figur 5 ist ein Schnitt gemäß V-V in Fig. 2.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.
  • Figure 1 shows a delta connection of transformer windings.
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through a load selector for a three-phase transformer.
  • FIG. 3 is a section according to 111-111 in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a section according to IV-IV in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a section according to VV in FIG. 2.

In der Dreiecksschaltung gemäß Fig. 1 ist für jede Phase eine Stammwicklung U1, V1 bzw. W1, eine Grobstufenwicklung U2, V2 bzw. W2 sowie eine Feinstufenwicklung U3, V3 bzw. W3 vorgesehen. Die Feinstufenwicklungen U3 und V3 sind an einem ihnen gemeinsamen Dreieckspunkt unmittelbar miteinander elektrisch verbunden. Die elektrische Verschaltung der jeweils derselben Phase zugeordneten Wicklungen erfolgt innerhalb des Lastwählers.1, a main winding U1, V1 or W1, a coarse step winding U2, V2 or W2 and a fine step winding U3, V3 or W3 are provided for each phase. The fine-stage windings U3 and V3 are directly electrically connected to one another at a triangle point common to them. The electrical connection of the windings assigned to the same phase takes place within the load selector.

Auf einem zylindrischen Mantel 6 aus lsolierwerkstoff sind in rechtwinklig zur Mantelachse angeordneten Ebenen 1 bis 5 feste Kontakte 8 befestigt, die galvanisch mit den nicht näher bezeichneten Wicklungsausleitungen der Grobstufenwicklungen U2, V2 bzw. W2 sowie der Feinstufenwicklungen U3, V3 bzw. W3 in nicht näher dargestellter Art und Weise verbunden sind. Dabei sind die Wicklungsausleitungen der Feinstufenwicklung U3 den festen Kontakten 8 in der Ebene 2 und die Wicklungsausleitungen der Feinstufenwicklung-V3 den festen Kontakten 8 in der Ebene 3 zugeordnet. Da zwischen den festen Kontakten 8 der Ebene 2 und denen der Ebene 3 maximal die miteinander verketteten Spannungen der Feinstufenwicklungen U3 and V3 auftreten kann, ist der Abstand zwischen diesen beiden Ebenen entsprechend der vergleichsweise niedrigen Spannungsbelastungen relativ klein.On a cylindrical jacket 6 made of insulating material, 1 to 5 fixed contacts 8 are fastened in planes arranged at right angles to the jacket axis, the contacts 8 not galvanically with the winding leads of the coarse step windings U2, V2 or W2 and the fine step windings U3, V3 or W3 in not specified shown manner are connected. The winding rejects of the fine stage winding U3 are assigned to the fixed contacts 8 in level 2 and the winding rejects of the fine stage winding V3 are assigned to the fixed contacts 8 in level 3. Since between the fixed contacts 8 of level 2 and those of level 3 at most the interlinked voltages of the fine stage windings U3 and V3 can occur, the distance between these two levels is relatively small in accordance with the comparatively low voltage loads.

Die Wicklungsausleitungen der Feinstufenwicklung W3 sind mit den festen Kontakten in der Ebene 4 des Mantels 6 elektrisch verbunden. Zwischen den Wicklungsausleitungen der Feinstufenwicklung W3 einerseits und andererseits den Wicklungsausleitungen der Feinstufenwicklungen U3 und V3 liegt die volle Dreiecksspannung, so daß zur Gewährleistung der erforderlichen Spannungsfestigkeit der senkrechte Abstand zwischen den Ebenen 3 und 4 entsprechend groß ausgelegt ist. D. h. der Abstand zwischen den Ebenen 3 und 4 ist wesentlich größer als der Abstand zwischen den-Ebenen 2 und 3.The winding leads of the fine stage winding W3 are electrically connected to the fixed contacts in level 4 of the jacket 6. The full triangular voltage lies between the winding rejects of the fine stage winding W3 on the one hand and the winding rejection of the fine stage windings U3 and V3 on the other hand, so that the vertical distance between levels 3 and 4 is designed to be sufficiently large to ensure the required dielectric strength. I.e. the distance between levels 3 and 4 is significantly greater than the distance between levels 2 and 3.

Die Wicklungsausleitungen der Grobstufenwicklungen U2 und V2, die in erster Annäherung das gleiche elektrische Potential führen wie die Wicklungsausleitungen der ihnen benachbarten Feinstufenwicklungen U3 bzw. V3, sind mit den festen Kontakten 8 in der Ebene 1 verbunden. Dabei sind, wie insbesondere die Fig. zeigt, einander entsprechende Kontakte der Grobstufenwicklung U2 um 180° gegenüber den Kontakten der Grobstufenwicklung V2 auf dem Umfang des Mantels 6 versetzt. Der senkrechte Abstand zwischen den Ebenen 1 und 2 ist entsprechend der verhältnismäßig kleinen Spannungsbelastung zwischen den demselben Dreieckspunkt der Schaltung zugeordneten Feinstufenwicklungen U3 und V3 einerseits und andererseits den Grobstufenwicklungen U2 bzw. V2 klein und entspricht im wesentlichen dem Abstand zwischen den Ebenen 2 und 3.The winding leads of the coarse step windings U2 and V2, which in a first approximation have the same electrical potential as the winding leads of the adjacent fine step windings U3 and V3, are connected to the fixed contacts 8 in level 1. Corresponding contacts of the coarse step winding U2 are offset by 180 ° relative to the contacts of the coarse step winding V2 on the circumference of the jacket 6, as shown in particular in the figure. The vertical distance between levels 1 and 2 is small in accordance with the relatively small voltage load between the fine-stage windings U3 and V3 assigned to the same triangle point of the circuit on the one hand and the coarse-stage windings U2 and V2 on the other hand, and essentially corresponds to the distance between levels 2 and 3.

Die Wicklungsausleitungen der Grobstufenwicklung W2 schließlich sind mit den festen Kontakten 8 in der Ebene 5 verbunden, die wiederum in nur geringem Abstand unterhalb der Ebene 4 vorgesehen ist, da sich die an den Wicklungsausleitungen der Feinstufenwicklung W3 und der Grobstufenwicklung W2 anliegenden elektrischen Spannungen maximal nur um die dem Einstellbereich entsprechende Spannung unterscheiden können. Der senkrechte Abstand zwischen den Ebenen 4 und 5 ist daher praktisch gleich dem Abstand zwischen den Ebenen 2 und 1.The winding rejects of the coarse stage winding W2 are finally connected to the fixed contacts 8 in level 5, which in turn is provided only a short distance below level 4, since the electrical voltages applied to the winding rejects of the fine stage winding W3 and the coarse stage winding W2 are only a maximum of can distinguish the voltage corresponding to the setting range. The vertical distance between levels 4 and 5 is therefore practically the same as the distance between levels 2 and 1.

Für jede der Ebenen 2, 3 und 4 ist je ein beweglicher Kontakt 7 vorgesehen, der in nicht näher dargestellter Art und Weise ohne Stromunterbrechung jeweils von einem festen Kontakt 8 zum nächsten schwenkbar ist. Alle drei beweglichen Kontakte 7 werden dabei von einem ihnen gemeinsamen Rohr 12 aus Isolierwerkstoff getragen.For each of the levels 2, 3 and 4, a movable contact 7 is provided, which can be swiveled from one fixed contact 8 to the next in a manner not shown, without interrupting the current. All three movable contacts 7 are carried by a common tube 12 made of insulating material.

Die festen Kontakte 8 in den Ebenen 1 und 5 arbeiten mit beweglichen Kontaktbrücken 9 zusammen, die jeweils einander benachbarte, in derselben Ebene 1 bzw. 5 liegende Kontakte 8 miteinander verbinden. Die Kontaktbrücken 9 werden von Rohrabschnitten 10 bzw. 11 oder von Isolierstäben oder Isoliersegmenten getragen. Zum Antrieb der Vorwählerebene 5 dient eine zentral im Rohr 12 angeordnete Hohlwelle 13 oder ein entsprechender Isolierstab, der direkt vom Maltesergetriebe 14 betätigt ist. Dabei ist durch entsprechende Auslegung des Maltesergetriebes 14 einerseits ein Gleichlauf für die Rohrabschnitte 10 und 11 gewährleistet und ist andererseits festgelegt, daß die Rohrabschnitte 10 und 11 nur bei bestimmten Schaltschritten des Rohres 12 mitgenommen werden und im übrigen auch beim Schalten des Rohres 12 in ihrer jeweiligen Position liegen bleiben.The fixed contacts 8 in levels 1 and 5 work together with movable contact bridges 9, which each connect adjacent contacts 8 lying in the same level 1 or 5. The contact bridges 9 are carried by pipe sections 10 or 11 or by insulating rods or insulating segments. A hollow shaft 13 arranged centrally in the tube 12 or a corresponding insulating rod, which is actuated directly by the Geneva gear 14, serves to drive the preselection level 5. Appropriate design of the Geneva gear 14 ensures on the one hand a synchronism for the pipe sections 10 and 11 and on the other hand it is specified that the pipe sections 10 and 11 are only taken with certain switching steps of the pipe 12 and otherwise when switching the pipe 12 in their respective Position remain.

Zur Erzielung geringstmöglicher Lagerbelastungen sind sowohl das Rohr 12 als auch die Hohlwelle 13 mit ihren unteren Enden unterhalb der Ebene 5 in bzw. an einem Flansch 15 gelagert, und sind die oberen Enden des Rohres 12 sowie der Hohlwelle 13 im Bereich des über einem oberen Flansch 16 angeordneten Maltesergetriebes 14 gelagert. Außerdem ist der Rohrabschnitt 10 auf dem oberen Ende des Rohres 12 gelagert und stützt sich nach außen erforderlichenfalls auch gegen den oberen Flansch 16 ab.In order to achieve the lowest possible bearing loads, both the tube 12 and the hollow shaft 13 are mounted with their lower ends below the level 5 in or on a flange 15, and the upper ends of the tube 12 and the hollow shaft 13 are in the region of the above an upper flange 16 arranged Geneva gear 14 mounted. In addition, the pipe section 10 is supported on the upper end of the pipe 12 and, if necessary, is also supported on the outside against the upper flange 16.

Bei der Verwendung von erfindungsgemäßen Lastwählern an Dreiphasen-Transformatoren ohne Vorwähler entfallen die Ebenen 1 und 5 mitsamt den in diesen angeordneten festen und beweglichen Kontakten, so daß lediglich die festen Kontakte 8 und die zugehörigen beweglichen Kontakte 7 in den Ebenen 2, 3 und 4 verbleiben. Auch in diesem Fall ist jedoch der Lastwähler noch in sehr vorteilhafter Weise einsetzbar, weil er einerseits durch den geringen Abstand zwischen den Ebenen 2 und 3 eine sehr geringe Bauhöhe gewährleistet und weil er andererseits durch die mögliche Vergrößerung des Abstandes zwischen den Ebenen 3 und 4 auch bei extrem großen Nennspannungen einsetzbar ist.When using load selectors according to the invention on three-phase transformers without preselection, levels 1 and 5 are omitted together with the fixed and movable contacts arranged in them, so that only the fixed contacts 8 and the associated movable contacts 7 remain in levels 2, 3 and 4 . In this case too, however, the load selector can still be used in a very advantageous manner because, on the one hand, it ensures a very low overall height due to the small distance between levels 2 and 3 and, on the other hand, because of the possible increase in the distance between levels 3 and 4 can be used with extremely large nominal voltages.

Claims (6)

1. A load-changer for switching step windings of a three-phase transformer comprising fixed contacts (8) arranged on a ring in a plane for each phase and connected to taps of closely-stepped windings, characterised in :
that there are circuit devices with respective specific assemblies for selectors and load switches in known manner ;
the closely-stepped windings (U3, V3, W3) are parts of windings of the three phases (U, V, W) which are electrically switched in a triangle and
the closely-stepped windings (U3, V3) of the first and second phase are arranged at a common corner point of the triangle connection ;
that the two planes (2, 3) which house the fixed contacts (8) of the taps of one of the first and second closely-stepped windings (U3, V3) assigned to the common corner point have a spacing in accordance with the relatively small differences in potential between said two closely-stepped windings (U3, V3) ; and
that the plane (4) which houses the fixed contacts (8) of the third closely-stepped winding (W3) is spaced from the nearest of the two other planes (3) to be at least in accordance with the operating and testing voltages between the phases (U, V, W) of the entire winding.
2. A load-changer as claimed in Claim 1, with pre-selectors (9) for series and opposition connection or for coarse/fine connection provided in addition to the fixed contacts (8) of the closely-stepped windings, characterised in that in addition to the three planes (2, 3, 4) which house the fixed contacts (8) of the three closely-stepped windings (U3, V3, W3), are arranged two further planes (1, 5) for the accommodation of fixed contacts (8) of pre-selectors (9), where the fixed contacts (8) of the pre-selectors (9), which are assigned to the first and the second closely-stepped winding (U3, V3), are arranged in a plane (1) at the spacing for at least the sum of the voltages in a closely-stepped winding (U3) and coarsely-stepped winding (U2) above the uppermost plane (2) of the fixed contacts (8) of the closely-stepped windings (U3), and where the fixed contacts (8) of the coarsely-stepped winding (W2) assigned to the third closely-stepped winding (W3) are arranged in a plane (5) at the distance for at least the sum of the voltages in a closely (W3) and coarsely-stepped winding (W2) below the lowermost plane (4) of the fixed contacts (8) of the closely-stepped windings (W3).
3. A load-changer as claimed in Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that mutually corresponding fixed contacts (8) of the coarsely-stepped winding (U2) assigned to the first closely-stepped winding (U3) are offset in the direction of rotation of the selector axis by 180° relative to the fixed contacts (8) of the coarsely-stepped winding (V2) assigned to the second closely-stepped winding (V3).
4. A load-changer as claimed in Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that there are movable contacts (7) for all three phases, which cooperate with the fixed contacts (8) of the closely-stepped windings (U3, V3, W3) and are supported by a common pipe (12) of insulating material.
5. A load-changer as claimed in Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that movable contact bridges (9) which cooperate with the fixed contacts (8) of the coarsely-stepped windings (U2, V2, W2) in different planes (1, 5) are all arranged at the same radial distance from the selector axis on insulating rods or on pipe sections (10 or 11 as the case may be) and are coupled by means of Geneva movements (14) which operate in the same direction.
6. A load-changer as claimed in Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pipe (12) for the movable contacts (7) of the closely-stepped windings (U3, V3, W3) is positioned below the lowermost (5) and above the uppermost plane (1) for fixed contacts (8).
EP84102606A 1983-03-24 1984-03-09 Load changer for switching step windings of a three-phase transformer Expired EP0120379B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84102606T ATE27873T1 (en) 1983-03-24 1984-03-09 LOAD SELECTOR FOR SWITCHING THE TAP WINDINGS OF A THREE-PHASE TRANSFORMER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833310741 DE3310741A1 (en) 1983-03-24 1983-03-24 LOAD SELECTOR FOR SWITCHING STEPWINDINGS OF A THREE-PHASE TRANSFORMER
DE3310741 1983-03-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0120379A1 EP0120379A1 (en) 1984-10-03
EP0120379B1 true EP0120379B1 (en) 1987-06-16

Family

ID=6194542

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84102606A Expired EP0120379B1 (en) 1983-03-24 1984-03-09 Load changer for switching step windings of a three-phase transformer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0120379B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59181603A (en)
AT (1) ATE27873T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3310741A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3832919A1 (en) * 1988-09-28 1990-03-29 Siemens Ag Load selector for varying the transformation ratio of three-phase transformers having windings connected in delta

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IN169357B (en) * 1986-07-05 1991-09-28 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck
DE3622716A1 (en) * 1986-07-05 1988-01-21 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Load selector, provided with a preselector, for tapped transformers
DE3840529A1 (en) * 1988-12-01 1990-06-07 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck STEP SELECTOR FOR STEP TRANSFORMERS WITH CONCENTRIC DRIVE SHAFTS
CN116504578B (en) * 2023-04-10 2024-04-26 上海交通大学 Vacuum on-load tap changer and voltage regulating method

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1268728B (en) * 1965-02-05 1968-05-22 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Step selector for multi-phase step transformers
DE1638484C2 (en) * 1968-01-17 1975-11-20 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck Kg, 8400 Regensburg Step switch for regulating transformers
DE2005189C3 (en) * 1970-02-05 1979-07-26 Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Three-phase step transformer
NL158961B (en) * 1971-07-23 1978-12-15 Smit Nijmegen Bv MULTIPLE LOAD SWITCH FINE SELECTOR WITH DOUBLE INTERRUPT FOR A CONTROL TRANSFORMER.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3832919A1 (en) * 1988-09-28 1990-03-29 Siemens Ag Load selector for varying the transformation ratio of three-phase transformers having windings connected in delta

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3310741A1 (en) 1984-09-27
EP0120379A1 (en) 1984-10-03
DE3464293D1 (en) 1987-07-23
JPS59181603A (en) 1984-10-16
ATE27873T1 (en) 1987-07-15

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