EP0166681B1 - Pneumatically driven hammer - Google Patents

Pneumatically driven hammer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0166681B1
EP0166681B1 EP85810187A EP85810187A EP0166681B1 EP 0166681 B1 EP0166681 B1 EP 0166681B1 EP 85810187 A EP85810187 A EP 85810187A EP 85810187 A EP85810187 A EP 85810187A EP 0166681 B1 EP0166681 B1 EP 0166681B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
chamber
housing
chambers
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85810187A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0166681A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Steiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft
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Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft
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Publication date
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Priority to AT85810187T priority Critical patent/ATE38008T1/en
Publication of EP0166681A1 publication Critical patent/EP0166681A1/en
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Publication of EP0166681B1 publication Critical patent/EP0166681B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/11—Arrangements of noise-damping means
    • B25D17/12—Arrangements of noise-damping means of exhaust silencers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S173/00—Tool driving or impacting
    • Y10S173/02—Sound muffling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pneumatically operated hammer according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • Such a pneumatic hammer is known for example from EP-PS 0 015 700.
  • a further tool is described in US Pat. No. 2,128,742, in which an outer body made of insulating material is molded onto a metal cylinder.
  • a casing in the form of a tube surrounds the middle part of the cylinder and forms together with the cylinder an expansion chamber for receiving the fluid from the outlet opening of the cylinder.
  • Ring plates are located at the ends of the expansion chamber.
  • a plurality of axial partitions are arranged in a step shape around the cylinder, in that one of the two partitions on both sides of the outlet opening is at a distance from the lower ring plate at the bottom and the other from the upper ring plate at the top.
  • Two further partitions are then also arranged in a staggered manner, and the exiting fluid has to cover two long paths to the exhaust in the casing, which is said to have a damping effect.
  • the pneumatically operated hammer described in the aforementioned EP-PS 15 700 which corresponds to US Pat. Nos. 4,303,131 and 4,303,133, has a cylinder tube with a reciprocating piston. Flow channels for the supply of fluid to the lower cylinder space are located in radial longitudinal ribs.
  • the upper cylinder chamber is fed directly from the flutter valve.
  • a cylindrical silencer tube surrounds the cylinder, which is encased in the molded body, along its entire length, including the anvil and the tool holder.
  • a silencer chamber is formed between this silencer tube and the molded body and is connected to the surroundings by openings.
  • three ribs are present, each of which touches the silencer tube and thereby delimit axial chambers.
  • Two gas outlet openings lead from the cylinder chamber to two different chambers.
  • these chambers are connected to a further chamber via throttles.
  • This chamber is a third chamber delimited by the ribs and is led to the outside via an inner, elongated passage.
  • the muffler pipe is made of a rubber, so that finally all parts with chambers and flow channels are made of a moldable material, which on the one hand can reduce the weight and on the other hand the manufacturing costs can be kept low in spite of expensive soundproofing.
  • the object of the invention is now to further reduce the sound pressure level and to expand the compressed air to such an extent that it flows out of the exhaust as uniformly as possible; the risk of icing should be reduced as far as possible and a simple and inexpensive solution should be achieved through the appropriate shaping of the plastic parts.
  • the hammer shown in the drawing consists of a handle 1 with a fixed handle 110 and a handle 111 with a handle 14, which acts in a known manner by means of a valve pin 31 on a valve ball 17 pressed with a spring 15 against the valve seat 7 when the Pusher 14 is depressed in order to guide compressed air from the air connection 32 into the cylinder 29.
  • the compressed air passes through a system of channels 62 in a top wall 10 of the cylinder 29 and by means of two radial bores 5, 6 to both sides of a valve plate 27 of a flap valve. From here, an air flow passes through a central opening 61 in the top wall 10 into the upper cylinder chamber 47 or via the channels 62 mentioned to flow channels 40, 41, 42 in order to bring compressed air into the lower cylinder chamber 46.
  • the cylinder 29 consists of a metal tube with a ground inner wall and a smooth outer wall.
  • a percussion piston 23 is located in this cylinder.
  • Four radial openings 52a-52d as gas outlets are located approximately in the middle of the cylinder 29.
  • the tool-side end of the cylinder 29 is closed with an anvil sleeve 11.
  • the anvil 28 is guided in an axially movable manner.
  • the lower edge of the cylinder 29 is surrounded by a cylindrical holding wall 63, which also serves to hold the anvil sleeve 11.
  • a wear sleeve 9 is also held in the holding wall 63, in which the tool W is then inserted.
  • the chisel holder 12 with the associated spring 22 and locking bolts 21 is also accommodated in the cylindrical holding wall 63.
  • the housing 2 is held in a rigid position with respect to the cylinder tube 29 by means of three radial ribs 43, 44, 45, which are connected in one piece to a composite cylinder 3 which also at least partially encompasses the cylinder tube 29 at the lower end.
  • counter ribs 64, 65, 66 with longitudinal grooves complementary to the tops of the ribs can be present on the inner wall of the housing 2 in order to hold the same precisely and rigidly with respect to the cylinder tube 29. This means that there is no need to fasten the ribs 43, 44 45 to the cylinder tube 29 or even completely cover the same.
  • the flow channels 40, 41, 42 already mentioned are located in the ribs 43, 44, 45. Two of these flow channels 40, 41 are connected to the lower cylinder chamber 46 by feed passages 461 and 462 (FIG. 3).
  • passage openings 54, 55 to a further chamber 58 are formed by recesses in this compound cylinder.
  • the composite cylinder 3 is provided in the exhaust 53 with a gas guide element 59 which forms a nozzle 591. This element could be molded onto the housing 2 or the housing 2 and compound cylinder 3 can together form a nozzle passage.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view in the area of the handle 1 with a top view of the cover plate 10 in the deflection chamber 51.
  • the two chambers 48, 49 fed with exhaust gases from the cylinder space 46, 47 each have two through openings 602, 603, 604 and 605 and likewise the gases can be located in the third chamber 50 through two further passage openings 601, 606.
  • plastic parts such as housing 2, composite cylinder 3 with the ribs 43-45 and the guide flange 4 are rigidly held together by three tension bolts 13 screwed into the end flange of the holding cylinder 63 by the handle 1.
  • the exhaust gases from the cylinder 46, 47 are introduced into two expansion openings 52c, d, 52a, b, into an expansion chamber 48, 49, according to FIG.
  • the two elongate expansion chambers 48, 49 are connected to a resonance chamber 58 via through openings 54, 55.
  • the passages 602 to 605 form a connection to the deflection chamber 51, from where the gases then reach the exhaust 53 via the secondary chamber 50.
  • the outlet cross section is increasingly opened, which. is known to have a beneficial effect on sound development.
  • the gas thus simultaneously enters the two expansion chambers 48, 49, which have a volume that is matched to the sound produced.
  • the length of the expansion chambers is delimited on the one hand by the top wall 10 and on the other hand by the compound cylinder 3.
  • the unequal sizes of the through holes 54 formed between the composite cylinder 3 and housing by means of flange-like widening of the composite cylinder 3, 55 result in a different insulation to the resonance chamber 58, and therefore the sound pressures are not equal strongly attenuated at these locations, so that unequal frequency ranges by the resonance chamber 58, which acts as a Helmholtz resonator, can be absorbed and thus broadband noise reduction can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

A pneumatic hammer includes a cylinder tube, a piston received in the cylinder tube for reciprocation therein; a device for alternatingly introducing pressurized air into first and second cylinder chambers on either side of the piston for driving the piston back and forth and an exhaust arrangement for removing spent air from the cylinder into the ambient atmosphere. There is provided a coupling cylinder mounted within the hammer housing and generally coaxially surrounding the cylinder tube along a substantial length thereof. The support cylinder has a plurality of circumferentially distributed longitudinal ribs extending parallel to the cylinder tube. The longitudinal ribs are in contact with an inner surface of the housing and an outer surface of the cylinder tube. The longitudinal ribs define and bound a first longitudinal chamber which is in communication an air outlet port provided in the cylinder tube and a second longitudinal chamber communicating in series with the first longitudinal chamber and further communicating with an exhaust outlet provided in the housing.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen pneumatisch betriebenen Hammer gemäss dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a pneumatically operated hammer according to the preamble of independent claim 1.

Ein solcher pneumatischer Hammer ist beispielsweise aus der EP-PS 0 015 700 bekannt.Such a pneumatic hammer is known for example from EP-PS 0 015 700.

Im US-Patent 3 263 770 wurde ferner vorgeschlagen, den Metallzylinder für den Arbeitskolben auf der gesamten Länge mit einer dünnen Schicht aus Dämpfungsmaterial zu überziehen, wie beispielsweise Kautschuk oder ein anderes Elastomer, und diese Schicht wird mit einem rohrförmigen Ueberzug aus dünnem Stahl eng umschlossen. Auf die Durchflusskanäle wird in dieser Veröffentlichung nicht eingetreten, so dass hier die bekannte Technik zum Zuge kommt, nämlich Durchgänge in der Zylinderwand zu bilden. Als Schalldämpfung ist ein Auspufftopf vorgesehen.In U.S. Patent 3,263,770 it has also been proposed to cover the working cylinder metal cylinder over its entire length with a thin layer of damping material such as rubber or other elastomer, and this layer is tightly enclosed with a tubular coating of thin steel . The flow channels are not dealt with in this publication, so that the known technique comes into play here, namely to form passages in the cylinder wall. A muffler is provided for sound absorption.

Im US-Patent 2 128 742 wird ein weiteres Werkzeug beschrieben, bei dem auf ein Metallzylinder ein äusser Körper aus Isoliermaterial aufgeformt wird. Eine Umhüllung in Form eines Rohres umschliesst die mittlere Partie des Zylinders und bildet mit dem Zylinder zusammen eine Expansionskammer zur Aufnahme des Fluids aus der Austrittsöffnung des Zylinders. An den Enden der Expansionskammer befinden sich Ringplatten. Mehrere axiale Trennwände sind in Stufenform um den Zylinder herum angeordnet, indem eine der zwei Trennwände beidseits der Austrittsöffnung unten einen Abstand von der unteren Ringplatte und die andere oben von der oberen Ringplatte haben. Zwei weitere Trennwände sind dann ebenso versetzt angeordnet, und das austretende Fluid muss zwei lange Wege bis zum Auspuff in der Umhüllung zurücklegen, was einen Dämpfungseffekt ergeben soll.A further tool is described in US Pat. No. 2,128,742, in which an outer body made of insulating material is molded onto a metal cylinder. A casing in the form of a tube surrounds the middle part of the cylinder and forms together with the cylinder an expansion chamber for receiving the fluid from the outlet opening of the cylinder. Ring plates are located at the ends of the expansion chamber. A plurality of axial partitions are arranged in a step shape around the cylinder, in that one of the two partitions on both sides of the outlet opening is at a distance from the lower ring plate at the bottom and the other from the upper ring plate at the top. Two further partitions are then also arranged in a staggered manner, and the exiting fluid has to cover two long paths to the exhaust in the casing, which is said to have a damping effect.

Der in der erwähnten EP-PS 15 700, die den US-PS 4 303 131 und 4 303133 enspricht, beschriebene.pneumatisch betätigte Hammer weist ein Zylinderrohr mit einem hin- und hergehenden Kolben auf. In radialen Längsrippen befinden sich Durchflusskanäle für die Zufuhr von Fluid zum unteren Zylinderraum. Der obere Zylinderraum wird direkt vom Flatterventil aus gespeist. Ein zylindrisches Schalldämpferrohr umgibt den mit dem Formkörper umfassten Zylinder auf der ganzen Länge inklusive dem Amboss und dem Werkzeughalter. Zwischen diesem Schalldämpferrohr und dem Formkörper ist eine Schalldämpferkammer gebildet, die mit der Umgebung durch Oeffnungen verbunden ist. In einer Variante ist vorgesehen, dass drei Rippen vorhanden sind, die je das Schalldämpferrohr berühren und dadurch axiale Kammern abgrenzen. Vom Zylinderraum führen zwei Gasauslassöffnungen zu zwei verschiedenen Kammern. Diese Kammern sind werkzeugseitig mit einer weiteren Kammer über Drosseln verbunden. Diese Kammer ist eine dritte durch die Rippen abgegrenzte Kammer und ist über einen inneren, länglichen Durchlass ins Freie geführt. Damit sind zwei Dämpferkammern in Reihe geschaltet. Hier ist noch vorgesehen, dass auch das Schalldämpferrohr aus einem Kautschuk besteht, so dass schliesslich alle Partien mit Kammern und Durchflusskanälen aus einem formbaren Stoff hergestellt sind, wodurch einerseits das Gewicht verringert werden kann und anderseits die Herstellungskosten trotz aufwendiger Schalldämpfung niedrig gehalten werden können.The pneumatically operated hammer described in the aforementioned EP-PS 15 700, which corresponds to US Pat. Nos. 4,303,131 and 4,303,133, has a cylinder tube with a reciprocating piston. Flow channels for the supply of fluid to the lower cylinder space are located in radial longitudinal ribs. The upper cylinder chamber is fed directly from the flutter valve. A cylindrical silencer tube surrounds the cylinder, which is encased in the molded body, along its entire length, including the anvil and the tool holder. A silencer chamber is formed between this silencer tube and the molded body and is connected to the surroundings by openings. In a variant it is provided that three ribs are present, each of which touches the silencer tube and thereby delimit axial chambers. Two gas outlet openings lead from the cylinder chamber to two different chambers. On the tool side, these chambers are connected to a further chamber via throttles. This chamber is a third chamber delimited by the ribs and is led to the outside via an inner, elongated passage. This means that two damper chambers are connected in series. It is also provided here that the muffler pipe is made of a rubber, so that finally all parts with chambers and flow channels are made of a moldable material, which on the one hand can reduce the weight and on the other hand the manufacturing costs can be kept low in spite of expensive soundproofing.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht nun darin, den Schalldruckpegel weiter zu reduzieren und die Druckluft soweit zu expandieren, dass sie möglichst gleichförmig aus dem Auspuff abströmt ; dabei soll die Vereisungsgefahr so weit wie möglich reduziert und durch die entsprechende Formgebung der Kunststoffteile eine einfache und kostengünstige Lösung erzielt werden.The object of the invention is now to further reduce the sound pressure level and to expand the compressed air to such an extent that it flows out of the exhaust as uniformly as possible; the risk of icing should be reduced as far as possible and a simple and inexpensive solution should be achieved through the appropriate shaping of the plastic parts.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies durch die Merkmale im kennzeichnenden Teil des unabhängigen Patentanspruches 1 erreicht.According to the invention this is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of independent claim 1.

Besonders vorteilhafte Ausbildungsformen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert.Particularly advantageous forms of training are defined in the dependent claims.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung' wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigt :

  • Fig. 1 eine Schnittansicht eines in Längsrichtung geschnittenen Hammers nach der Erfindung,
  • Fig. 2 eine Schnittansicht des Hammers gemäss der Schnittlinie 11-11 in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Schnittansicht des Hammers gemäss der Schnittlinie 111-111 in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 eine Schnittansicht des Hammers gemäss der Schnittlinie IV-IV in Fig. 1, und
  • Fig. 5 eine schematische Darstellung der Wirkanordnung der verschiedenen Kammern.
An embodiment of the invention 'is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows :
  • 1 is a sectional view of a hammer cut in the longitudinal direction according to the invention,
  • 2 is a sectional view of the hammer along the section line 11-11 in Fig. 1,
  • 3 shows a sectional view of the hammer according to section line 111-111 in FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the hammer along the section line IV-IV in Fig. 1, and
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the active arrangement of the various chambers.

Der in der Zeichnung dargestellte Hammer besteht aus einem Griffstück 1 mit einem festen Haltegriff 110 und einem Haltegriff 111 mit einem Drücker 14, der in bekannter Weise mittels eines Ventilbolzens 31 auf eine mit einer Feder 15 gegen den Ventilsitz 7 gepressten Ventilkugel 17 wirkt, wenn der Drücker 14 niedergedrückt wird, um damit Druckluft aus dem Luftanschluss 32 in den Zylinder 29 zu leiten. Vom Ventil aus gelangt die Druckluft durch ein System von Kanälen 62 in einer Deckwand 10 des Zylinders 29 und mittels zwei radialen Bohrungen 5, 6 an beide Seiten einer Ventilplatte 27 eines Flatterventils. Von hier aus gelangt ein Luftstrom durch eine zentrale Oeffnung 61 in der Deckwand 10 in den oberen Zylinderraum 47 oder über die genannten Kanäle 62 zu Durchflusskanälen 40, 41, 42, um Druckluft in den unteren Zylinderraum 46 zu bringen.The hammer shown in the drawing consists of a handle 1 with a fixed handle 110 and a handle 111 with a handle 14, which acts in a known manner by means of a valve pin 31 on a valve ball 17 pressed with a spring 15 against the valve seat 7 when the Pusher 14 is depressed in order to guide compressed air from the air connection 32 into the cylinder 29. From the valve, the compressed air passes through a system of channels 62 in a top wall 10 of the cylinder 29 and by means of two radial bores 5, 6 to both sides of a valve plate 27 of a flap valve. From here, an air flow passes through a central opening 61 in the top wall 10 into the upper cylinder chamber 47 or via the channels 62 mentioned to flow channels 40, 41, 42 in order to bring compressed air into the lower cylinder chamber 46.

Der Zylinder 29 besteht aus einem Metallrohr mit geschliffener Innenwand und glatter Aussenwand. In diesem Zylinder befindet sich ein Schlagkolben 23. Vier radiale Oeffnungen 52a-52d als Gasauslässe befinden sich etwa mittig im Zylinder 29.The cylinder 29 consists of a metal tube with a ground inner wall and a smooth outer wall. A percussion piston 23 is located in this cylinder. Four radial openings 52a-52d as gas outlets are located approximately in the middle of the cylinder 29.

Das werkzeugseitige Ende des Zylinders 29 ist mit einer Ambossbüchse 11 verschlossen. In der Ambossbüchse 11 ist der Amboss 28 axialbeweglich geführt. Die untere Randpartie des Zylinders 29 ist von einer zylindrischen Haltewand 63 umfasst, die auch der Halterung der Ambossbüchse 11 dient. Eine Verschleissbüchse 9 wird auch in der Haltewand 63 gehaltert, in die dann das Werkzeug W eingesetzt ist. In der zylindrischen Haltewand 63 ist auch der Meisselhalter 12 mit zugehöriger Feder 22 und Rastbolzen 21 untergebracht. Mittels drei radialen Rippen 43, 44, 45, die einstückig mit einem das Zylinderrohr 29 ebenfalls am unteren Ende wenigstens teilweise umfassenden Verbundzylinder 3 verbunden sind, ist das Gehäuse 2 in starrer Lage bezüglich des Zylinderrohres 29 gehaltert.The tool-side end of the cylinder 29 is closed with an anvil sleeve 11. In the anvil sleeve 11, the anvil 28 is guided in an axially movable manner. The lower edge of the cylinder 29 is surrounded by a cylindrical holding wall 63, which also serves to hold the anvil sleeve 11. A wear sleeve 9 is also held in the holding wall 63, in which the tool W is then inserted. The chisel holder 12 with the associated spring 22 and locking bolts 21 is also accommodated in the cylindrical holding wall 63. The housing 2 is held in a rigid position with respect to the cylinder tube 29 by means of three radial ribs 43, 44, 45, which are connected in one piece to a composite cylinder 3 which also at least partially encompasses the cylinder tube 29 at the lower end.

Wie aus Fig. 2 deutlich ersichtlich ist, können Gegenrippen 64, 65, 66 mit zu den Kuppen der Rippen komplementär geformten Längsnuten an der Innenwand des Gehäuses 2 vorhanden sein, um dasselbe ortsgenau und starr gegenüber dem Zylinderrohr 29 zu haltern. Damit erübrigt sich eine Befestigung der Rippen 43, 44 45 am Zylinderrohr 29 oder gar eine vollständige Ummantelung desselben.As can be clearly seen from FIG. 2, counter ribs 64, 65, 66 with longitudinal grooves complementary to the tops of the ribs can be present on the inner wall of the housing 2 in order to hold the same precisely and rigidly with respect to the cylinder tube 29. This means that there is no need to fasten the ribs 43, 44 45 to the cylinder tube 29 or even completely cover the same.

In den Rippen 43, 44, 45 befinden sich die schon erwähnten Durchflusskanäle 40, 41, 42. Zwei dieser Durchflusskanäle 40, 41 sind mit dem unteren Zylinderraum 46 durch Zuleitungsdurchgänge 461 und 462 verbunden (Fig. 3).The flow channels 40, 41, 42 already mentioned are located in the ribs 43, 44, 45. Two of these flow channels 40, 41 are connected to the lower cylinder chamber 46 by feed passages 461 and 462 (FIG. 3).

Aus Fig. 2 und 3 ist ersichtlich, dass zwischen den Rippen 43-45 drei längliche Kammern 48, 49, 50 gebildet sind. Zwei Kammern 48, 49 sind mit paarweise angeordneten Gasauslässen 52a-52d mit den Zylinderräumen 46, 47 verbunden und die dritte Kammer 50 ist mittels des Auspuffs 53 mit der Umwelt verbunden.2 and 3 that three elongated chambers 48, 49, 50 are formed between the ribs 43-45. Two chambers 48, 49 are connected to the cylinder spaces 46, 47 by means of gas outlets 52a-52d arranged in pairs, and the third chamber 50 is connected to the environment by means of the exhaust 53.

Im Bereich des Verbundzylinders 3 sind Durchtrittsöffnungen 54, 55 zu einer weiteren Kammer 58 durch Ausnehmungen in diesem Verbundzylinder gebildet. Der Verbundzylinder 3 ist beim Auspuff 53 mit einem Gasführungselement 59 versehen, das eine Düse 591 bildet. Dieses Element könnte am Gehäuse 2 angeformt sein oder Gehäuse 2 und Verbundzylinder 3 können gemeinsam einen Düsendurchgang bilden.In the area of the compound cylinder 3, passage openings 54, 55 to a further chamber 58 are formed by recesses in this compound cylinder. The composite cylinder 3 is provided in the exhaust 53 with a gas guide element 59 which forms a nozzle 591. This element could be molded onto the housing 2 or the housing 2 and compound cylinder 3 can together form a nozzle passage.

Schliesslich zeigt Fig. 4 noch eine Schnittansicht im Bereich des Griffstückes 1 mit einer Draufsicht auf die Deckplatte 10 in der Umlenkkammer 51. Die beiden mit Auspuffgasen aus dem Zylinderraum 46, 47 gespeisten Kammern 48, 49 haben je zwei Durchtrittsöffnungen 602, 603, 604 und 605 und ebenso können die Gase durch zwei weitere Durchtrittsöffnungen 601, 606 in die dritte Kammer 50 gelagen.Finally, FIG. 4 shows a sectional view in the area of the handle 1 with a top view of the cover plate 10 in the deflection chamber 51. The two chambers 48, 49 fed with exhaust gases from the cylinder space 46, 47 each have two through openings 602, 603, 604 and 605 and likewise the gases can be located in the third chamber 50 through two further passage openings 601, 606.

Schliesslich werden die Kunststoffteile wie Gehäuse 2, Verbundzylinder 3 mit den Rippen 43-45 und der Führungsflansch 4 durch drei vom Griffstück 1 in den Endflansch des Haltezylinders 63 eingeschraubten Zugbolzen 13 starr zusammengehalten.Finally, the plastic parts such as housing 2, composite cylinder 3 with the ribs 43-45 and the guide flange 4 are rigidly held together by three tension bolts 13 screwed into the end flange of the holding cylinder 63 by the handle 1.

Für die Schalldämpfung werden damit gemäss Fig. 5 die Abgase aus dem Zylinder 46, 47 über zwei paarige Durchgangsöffnungen 52c, d, 52a, b, in je eine Expansionskammer 48, 49 eingeleitet. Ueber Durchgangsöffnungen 54, 55 stehen die beiden länglich ausgebildeten Expansionskammern 48, 49 mit einem Resonanzraum 58 in Verbindung. Andern Ends bilden die Durchgänge 602 bis 605 eine Verbindung zur Umlenkkammer 51, von wo dann die Gase über die Nebenkammer 50 zum Auspuff 53 gelangen. Indem die paarig angeordneten Durchgangsöffnungen 52a-d gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet sind, wird der Austrittsquerschnitt zunehmend geöffnet, was . sich bekanntlich auf die Schallentwicklung vorteilhaft auswirkt. Das Gas tritt somit gleichzeitig in die beiden Expansionskammern 48, 49 ein, die ein auf den damit entstandenen Schall abgestimmtes Volumen haben. Die Länge der Expansionskammern ist einerseits durch die Deckwand 10 und anderseits durch den Verbundzylinder 3 abgegrenzt. Die ungleichen Grössen der zwischen Verbundzylinder 3 und Gehäuse mittels flanschartiger Ausweitungen des Verbundzylinders 3 gebildeten Durchgangsöffnungen 54, 55 ergeben eine unterschiedliche Isolation zur Resonanzkammer 58 und damit werden die Schalldrücke an diesen Stellen ungleich stark gedämpft, so dass ungleiche Frequenzbereiche durch die Resonanzkam- mer 58, die als Helmholtz-Resonator wirkt, absorbiert werden kann und damit kann eine breitbändige Schalldämpfung erzielt werden.5, the exhaust gases from the cylinder 46, 47 are introduced into two expansion openings 52c, d, 52a, b, into an expansion chamber 48, 49, according to FIG. The two elongate expansion chambers 48, 49 are connected to a resonance chamber 58 via through openings 54, 55. At the other ends, the passages 602 to 605 form a connection to the deflection chamber 51, from where the gases then reach the exhaust 53 via the secondary chamber 50. By virtue of the through openings 52a-d arranged in pairs being offset from one another, the outlet cross section is increasingly opened, which. is known to have a beneficial effect on sound development. The gas thus simultaneously enters the two expansion chambers 48, 49, which have a volume that is matched to the sound produced. The length of the expansion chambers is delimited on the one hand by the top wall 10 and on the other hand by the compound cylinder 3. The unequal sizes of the through holes 54 formed between the composite cylinder 3 and housing by means of flange-like widening of the composite cylinder 3, 55 result in a different insulation to the resonance chamber 58, and therefore the sound pressures are not equal strongly attenuated at these locations, so that unequal frequency ranges by the resonance chamber 58, which acts as a Helmholtz resonator, can be absorbed and thus broadband noise reduction can be achieved.

Claims (7)

1. Pneumatic hammer comprising a piston (23), which can be moved in the axial direction in a metallic cylindrical tube (29) and divides off a lower cylinder chamber (46) and an upper cylinder chamber (47), a tubular plastic housing (2) as an outer jacket with at least one exhaust opening (53j, a plurality of flow ducts (40-42), which extend in the longitudinal direction, for supplying compressed air to the lower cylinder chamber (48), a flap valve (27) in a cover wall (10) of the cylindrical tube (29) with an opening (61) for supplying compressed air to the upper cylinder chamber (47) and ducts (62) for feeding the above-mentioned flow ducts (40-42), and at least one opening (52a-52d), arranged at least approximately in the centre of the cylindrical tube (29), as a gas outlet out of the cylinder chambers (46, 47) into the interior of the housing (2), at least one compound flange-like cylinder (4) being provided in one piece, which cylinder at least partly closes off the interior of the housing (2), divides the latter into a lower part (57) and an upper part (56) and comprises a plurality of radial longitudinal ribs (43, 44, 45), which adjoin the cylindrical tube (29) and the inner wall of the housing (2) and extend up to the cover wall (10), for dividing off a plurality of oblong chambers (48, 49, 50), at least one gas outlet (52a-52d) leading out of the cylindrical tube (29) into at least one of the above-mentioned chambers (48, 49), and a third chamber (50, 51), which is connected in series with this chamber (48, 49), being connected to the exhaust (53) in the housing (2), characterised in that the compound cylinder (4) is provided in the area of the two chambers (48, 49), which are connected to the cylindrical tube (29) by at least one gas outlet (52a-52d), with through-openings (54, 55) to the lower part (57) of the housing (2), and that the lower part (57), which is formed as a resonant chamber (58), is connected to the chambers (48, 49).
2. Hammer according to patent claim 1, characterised in that the compound cylinder (4) is formed as a gas guide element (59) in the area of the exhaust (53).
3. Hammer according to patent claim 2, characterised in that the gas guide element (59) forms a nozzle.
4. Hammer according to patent claim 1, characterised in that the exhaust (53) communicates with the deflector chamber (51).
5. Hammer according to patent claim 4, characterised in that a further, auxiliary chamber (50), which is defined by two ribs (44, 45), is arranged inside the housing (2) between the exhaust (53) and the deflector chamber (51).
6. Hammer according to one of patent claims 1 to 5, characterised in that there is a diminished cross section at the respective transitions between the main chambers (48, 49) and the deflector chamber (51) at one side and between the deflector chamber (51) and the exhaust (53) at the other.
7. Hammer according to patent claim 6, characterised in that the diminished cross sections are in each case formed by at least one opening (601-606) in the cover wall (10).
EP85810187A 1984-05-29 1985-04-26 Pneumatically driven hammer Expired EP0166681B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85810187T ATE38008T1 (en) 1984-05-29 1985-04-26 PNEUMATIC OPERATED HAMMER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2639/84A CH663925A5 (en) 1984-05-29 1984-05-29 ARRANGEMENT OF EXPANSION CHAMBERS FOR SOUND PRESSURE DAMPING, USE OF THE SAME AND PNEUMATICALLY OPERATED HAMMER.
CH2639/84 1984-05-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0166681A1 EP0166681A1 (en) 1986-01-02
EP0166681B1 true EP0166681B1 (en) 1988-10-19

Family

ID=4238280

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85810187A Expired EP0166681B1 (en) 1984-05-29 1985-04-26 Pneumatically driven hammer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4673042A (en)
EP (1) EP0166681B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60255372A (en)
AT (1) ATE38008T1 (en)
CH (1) CH663925A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3565648D1 (en)

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SE461711B (en) * 1989-01-16 1990-03-19 Atlas Copco Tools Ab THE OUTPUT ORGANIZATION OF A PRESSURE-AIR MACHINE TOOL
SE501276C2 (en) * 1989-10-28 1995-01-09 Berema Atlas Copco Ab Handheld striking machine
US5142952A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-09-01 Snap-On Tools Corporation Ratchet tool
US5107911A (en) * 1991-05-06 1992-04-28 Plakotaris Vincent A Log splitting device
FR2710284B1 (en) * 1993-09-23 1995-11-24 Financ Forage Pneumatic percussion device of the jackhammer or concrete breaker type.
KR200151343Y1 (en) * 1995-04-14 1999-07-15 최해성 The hydraulic hammer of low noise type
US20070175942A1 (en) * 2003-04-04 2007-08-02 Stanley Fastening Systems, L.P. Pneumatic tool with as-cast air signal passage
EP2105261A1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-09-30 AEG Electric Tools GmbH Electric tool, in particular hammer drill and/or chipping hammer
WO2010140922A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2010-12-09 Chernyshev Arkady Vasilevich Vibration-safe pneumatic percussive tool
US20110232475A1 (en) * 2010-03-24 2011-09-29 Ching-Shun Chang Integrated cylinder and reversing assembly module of a reciprocating pneumatic tool

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US2166218A (en) * 1937-04-06 1939-07-18 Ingersoll Rand Co Muffling device
US2128742A (en) * 1937-04-09 1938-08-30 Ingersoll Rand Co Muffling device
US3223181A (en) * 1962-03-27 1965-12-14 Vernon L Price Vibrationless air hammer assembly
US3255844A (en) * 1964-01-16 1966-06-14 Gardner Denver Co Multi-passage silencer for pneumatic tool
GB1055048A (en) * 1964-10-19 1967-01-11 Atlas Copco Ab Improvements in noise deadening means for percussive tools
US3880245A (en) * 1973-11-21 1975-04-29 Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co Exhaust noise attenuating system with muffler for pneumatic tools
US4018291A (en) * 1974-12-23 1977-04-19 Allied Steel & Tractor Products, Incorporated Pneumatic hammer
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FR2388646A1 (en) * 1977-04-29 1978-11-24 Maco Meudon Sa Sound insulated pneumatic concrete breaker - has plastics cylinder head and tool hood and tubular casing for exhaust flows
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US4303131A (en) * 1980-02-27 1981-12-01 Compair Construction And Mining Ltd. Compressed-gas-operated reciprocating piston devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4673042A (en) 1987-06-16
CH663925A5 (en) 1988-01-29
EP0166681A1 (en) 1986-01-02
ATE38008T1 (en) 1988-11-15
DE3565648D1 (en) 1988-11-24
JPS60255372A (en) 1985-12-17

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