EP0165237B1 - Improved ratchet wrench - Google Patents
Improved ratchet wrench Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0165237B1 EP0165237B1 EP84900446A EP84900446A EP0165237B1 EP 0165237 B1 EP0165237 B1 EP 0165237B1 EP 84900446 A EP84900446 A EP 84900446A EP 84900446 A EP84900446 A EP 84900446A EP 0165237 B1 EP0165237 B1 EP 0165237B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wrench
- socket
- drive
- pawl
- drive member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
- B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
- B25B13/06—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of socket type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
- B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
- B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
- B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
- B25B13/465—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an internally toothed ring
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to hand tools, and in particular to reversible ratchet wrenches for rotating fasteners.
- The ratchet wrench has several advantages over the conventional closed or open end wrench. The fastener to be tightened or loosened is commonly in a confined location where a wrench has only a limited arc of motion when placed on the fastener. With an open end or a closed end wrench, the wrench must be removed from the fastener each time the limit of the arc of motion is reached and then repositioned. The ratchet wrench can be retained on the fastener with the ratcheting mechanism permitting the wrench to be readily returned to the initial point of motion without the wrench being removed from the fastener. When a reversible ratchet is provided, the wrench can be rotated freely in either direction as needed.
- The ratchet wrench has in the past had one significant shortcoming relative to the closed or opened ended wrench. The wrench engaging surfaces of the fastener can often be a considerable distance from the end of the fastener, such as where the fastener is the common automotive spark plug where the wrench engaging surfaces lie along the length of the spark plug, or when a member, such as a bolt on which the fastener is secured, extends through the fastener. The conventional closed or opened end wrench can be simply slid over the end of the spark plug or bolt onto the wrench engaging surfaces of the fastener. The common ratchet wrench is provided with a square drive to engage a square aperture in a socket. The ability of the socket to contact the wrench surfaces on the fastener is therefore determined solely by the length of the socket. Long experience has shown that two different length socket sets are required for the majority of applications, including a so-called "short" socket set for use in tight areas and a so-called "deep" socket set for use with spark plugs, fasteners with through bolts, etc. This leads to great expense in necessitating the purchase of two complete socket sets. In addition, as the wrench handle is moved away from the fastener to permit the longer "deep" socket to be positioned between the wrench and fastener, the user must be careful to avoid applying a moment perpendicular the desired rotational direction to avoid overstressing the fastener.
- Attempts have been made to eliminate the need for multiple length socket sets in ratchet wrench design by providing a ratchet wrench having a hole through the wrench and centered on the axis of rotation of the drive portion of the ratchet wrench. U.S. Patent No. 125,695 to Sanborn, U.S. Patent No. 1,165,995 to Mossberg and U.S. Patent No. 2,317,461 all disclose a ratchet wrench with a through hole. The wrench in each of these patents is adapted for only a single fastener size. U.S. Patents No. 1,347,691 to Forton and 2,300,479 to Wilson each disclose a ratchet wrench with a through hole which is adapted for using interchangable sockets to use the wrench with a range of fastener sizes. However, none of the wrenches disclosed in these patents permit the ratcheting direction to be reversed without turning over the wrench. In addition, none of these designs utilize sockets of a weight, compactness, strength and size range comparable with standard square-drive sockets, and therefore are hardly commercially competitive with the standard square-drive socket.
- In ratchet wrenches adapted for use with a socket set, it is common to provide a spring loaded detent to secure the socket on the drive member of the wrench during use. In recent years, mechanisms have been developed for quick release of the socket from the wrench by retraction of the detent. Such mechanisms are described in U.S. Patents No. 3,208,318 to Roberts and 3,532,013 to Haznar. These mechanisms, however, require a number of parts, which increase costs, and cannot be readily disassembled for repairs.
- Most conventional ratchet wrenches are capable of ratcheting about 9° rotation between the socket and wrench before the ratcheting mechanism in the wrench becomes operable to secure the socket to the wrench for rotation in the desired direction. While some wrenches have been developed which have permitted a reduction in the angle, permitting more effective use of a ratchet wrench in a tight location, these designs have not proved completely satisfactory.
- Another area where the known ratchet wrench is not effective is when the member to be tightened or loosened is adjacent an obstruction which prevents the socket and wrench from being placed over the member. Conventional sockets have a round cross section and cannot be separately rotated without the wrench in place. Therefore, even if the socket can be positioned over the member, if the wrench itself cannot be secured to the socket, the ratchet wrench is ineffective.
- At the present time, no single ratchet wrench has been developed which incorporates the desired advantages noted above, including the presence of a through hole to eliminate the need of multiple sets of sockets and incorporating a quick release mechanism for the sockets used. A need therefore exists for such a socket wrench which is relatively uncomplicated in design and adaptable for inexpensive quantity production.
- US-A-4,328,720 discloses a wrench assembly on which the delimitation of
claim 1 is based. - The present invention relates to a combination of a wrench assembly and at least a socket to rotate a fastener, each of the sockets having a portion for attachment to a wrench and a portion for engaging the fastener, the sockets each having an aperture therethrough for allowing the socket to engage the fastener when an object extends from the fastener by permitting the object to extend into the aperture, the wrench assembly having
a handle having a head at one end thereof;
a drive member for mounting on the head, said drive member having a drive portion with an inner surface extending along the first direction and having a hexagonal cross section perpendicular the first direction and adapted for receiving a socket, said drive member and drive portion having a through aperture formed therein which forms a continuation of the aperture through the socket when the socket is received on the wrench which permits the object to extend through the drive member and drive portions when rotating the fastener;
a release member mounted in the drive member for limited movement along the first direction with respect to the drive member and having a finger contacting surface;
characterized in that the drive portion further has an outer surface extending along a first direction relative to the drive member, the outer surface of the drive portion having a noncircular cross section perpendicular the first direction and adapted for receiving a socket, the outer surface of the drive portion having a hexagonal cross section;
at least two resilient arms extending from a first end of the release member and extending through a respective notch formed in the drive portion extending along the first direction, the resilient arms having a socket engaging surface thereon and being resiliently urged against a socket received on one of the surfaces of the drive portion, the resilient arm for securing a socket to the ratchet wrench, one of the two resilient arms adpated to secure to the wrench a socket received on the outer surface of the drive portion and the other of the two resilient arms adpated to secure to the wrench a socket received on the inner surface of the drive portion, each said notch having a camming surface contacted by the resilient arm when the release member is moved along the first direction with respect to the drive portion by an operator pushing on the finger contacting surface to deflect the resilient arm to move the socket contacting surface out of engagement with the socket on the wrench to release the socket. - A more complete understanding of the invention can be had by referring to the following Detailed Description together with the accompanying Drawings, wherein:
- FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of an improved ratchet wrench constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
- FIGURE 2a is a perspective view of an extension for use with the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 1;
- FIGURE 2b is a perspective view of a socket for use with the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 1 with a female wrench engaging portion for rotating fasteners of relatively large size;
- FIGURE 2c is a perspective view of a socket for use with the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 1 having a male wrench engaging portion for rotating fasteners of relatively small size;
- FIGURE 2d is a perspective view of a deep-dish socket for use with the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 1 with a female wrench engaging portion;
- FIGURE 3 is an exploded view of one construction of the first embodiment of the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 1;
- FIGURE 4 is a top view of a portion of the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 3;
- FIGURE 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 3 taken along line 5-5 in FIGURE 4 in the direction of the arrows;
- FIGURE 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the ratchet wrench of FIGURE 3 taken along line 6-6 in FIGURE 4 in the direction of the arrows;
- FIGURE 7 is a partial cut-away view of the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 3 illustrating the ratcheting mechanism of the wrench positioned to prevent motion in a first direction;
- FIGURE 8 is a partial cut-away view of the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 3 illustrating the ratcheting mechanism in a position preventing motion in the opposite direction;
- FIGURE 9 is an exploded view of a ratchet wrench forming another construction of the first embodiment designed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
- FIGURE 10 is a partial cut-away view of the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 9 illustrating the ratcheting mechanism of the wrench positioned to prevent motion in a first direction;
- FIGURE 11 is a partial cut-away view of the ratchet wrench shown in FIGURE 9 illustrating the ratcheting mechanism of the wrench in a position preventing motion in the opposite direction;
- FIGURE 12 is an exploded view of a ratchet wrench forming a second embodiment designed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
- FIGURE 13 is a cut-away view of the ratchet wrench forming the second embodiment illustrating the ratchet mechanism;
- FIGURE 14 is a cross-sectional view of the drive portion of the ratchet wrench forming the first embodiment;
- FIGURE 15 is a cross-sectional view of a modified drive portion;
- FIGURE 16 is an exploded view of a breaker bar wrench forming a third embodiment of the present invention;
- FIGURE 17A is a perspective view of a wrench forming a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
- FIGURE 17B is a side view of a drive member found in the wrench forming the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
- FIGURE 18 is a partial horizontal cross sectional view of the drive member of FIGURE 17A taken along line 18-18 in FIGURE 17A in the direction of the arrows illustrating the reverser pins and springs;
- FIGURE 19 is a partial horizontal cross sectional view of the drive member shown in FIGURE 17A taken along line 19-19 in FIGURE 17A in the direction of the arrows illustrating the main spring;
- FIGURE 20 is a horizontal cross sectional view of the drive member of FIGURE 17A taken along line 20-20 in FIGURE 17A in the direction of the arrows illustrating the slide surfaces;
- FIGURE 21 is a perspective view of a hex socket of the present invention being rotated by a conventional open end wrench;
- FIGURE 22 is a perspective view of a hex socket and a conventional socket;
- FIGURE 23 illustrates the formation of a deep socket by use of a conventional socket and hex socket;
- FIGURE 24 illustrates the formation of a deep socket by the use of multiple hex sockets;
- FIGURE 25 is a perspective view of a square drive to hex drive adapter;
- FIGURE 26 is a side view of the square drive to hex drive adapter of FIGURE 25;
- FIGURE 27 is an end view of the square drive to hex drive adapter of FIGURE 25;
- FIGURE 28 is a side view of a hex drive to square drive adapter;
- FIGURE 29 is an end view of the hex drive to square drive adapter of FIGURE 28;
- FIGURE 30 is a top view of a breaker bar head forming a first modification of the third embodiment of the present invention illustrating an alternative socket fastener structure;
- FIGURE 31 is a side view of the breaker bar head forming the first modification of the third embodiment;
- FIGURE 32 is a partial cross sectional view of the breaker bar head taken along line 32-32 in FIGURE 31 in the direction of arrows illustrating the fastener structure;
- FIGURE 33 is a side view of a screwdriver mounting the combined male/female device portion of the present invention; and
- FIGURE 34 is a side view of a power wrench mounting the combined male/female drive portion of the present invention.
- Referring now to the drawing, wherein like reference numerals designate like or corresponding parts throughout several views, and in particular to FIGURES 1-8, there is illustrated a
ratchet wrench 10 forming a first embodiment of the present invention which is adapted for use with anextension 12 and sockets 14-18, illustrated in FIGURES 2a-d, which also form a portion of the present invention, to rotate a fastener, such as a bolt, nut, or spark plug. It should also be understood that a fastener for purposes of this patent application will include any object or device which could be rotated or operated on byratchet wrench 10. - As best shown in FIGURES 1 and 3-5, a first construction of the
wrench 10 includes ahandle 20 having anenlarged head 22 at one end and aknurled portion 24 at the opposite end for grasping by the user. As best seen in FIGURE 3, thehead 22 has acylindrical aperture 26 formed therethrough centered onaxis 27. Thewall 28 of the head defining the cylindrical aperture is provided withratchet teeth 30parallel axis 27 and distributed along the entire periphery of thewall 28. - A
drive member 32 is provided which generally includes acylindrical portion 34 and ahexagonal drive portion 36. The upper edge of thecylindrical portion 34 has aflange 38 which rests on and rotates upon anannular inset 40 in thewall 28 of thehead 22. Thedrive member 32 is secured to thehandle 20 by afastening plate 42 which is screwed into the underside of thecylindrical portion 34 byscrews 44 as best seen in FIGURES 3 and 5. Thefastening plate 42 has a sufficient diameter to contact the underside of thehead 22 to prevent the drive member from separating from thehandle 20. However, thedrive member 32 is free to rotate within the head aboutaxis 27. As can be seen in FIGURES 3 and 5, thedrive member 32 has a largecylindrical aperture 48 which extends completely through the member and is centered on theaxis 27.Aperture 48 permits the passage of a spark plug end, stud, rod, bolt or other elongate object so that theratchet wrench 10 can be used on a fastener without need of deep dish sockets. This feature also permits the wrench to lie closer to the fastener which allows the wrench to be used in confined spaces. It also reduces the components of force applied to a fastener by the wrench other than the rotational torque needed to rotate the fastener. - The
drive member 32 is formed with aslide surface 50 and aspring receiving recess 52 which extend into opposite sides of thecylindrical portion 34 as best seen in FIGURES 3 and 6. Theslide surface 50 is curved with a radius larger than the radius of thecylindrical portion 34 so that the edges of the slide surface merge with the outer surface of the cylindrical portion while the center of the slide surface is inset from the outer surface of the cylindrical portion. Apawl 54 is inserted between thedrive member 32 andwall 28 to ride on the slide surface. Thepawl 54 has a curvedinner surface 56 for sliding onslide surface 50. Thepawl 54 defines a first set ofratchet teeth 58 and a second set ofratchet teeth 60 on the side oppositesurface 56. Avertical hole 62 is formed throughpawl 54 between theteeth ratchet teeth ratchet teeth 30 onwall 28. A V-shapedspring 64 is inserted intorecess 52 with its apex 65 facing thehead 22 and centered within therecess 52. - The
drive member 32 is formed with threecurvilinear notches 66 and onecurvilinear notch 67 which extend from theupper surface 68 of the drive member into the member. Thenotches axis 27. Twonotches 66 extend intocutouts 69 incylindrical portion 34.Notch 67 and theother notch 66 extend into the insets defined by theslide surface 50 andrecess 52, respectively. Thehole 62 in thepawl 54 is continuously aligned with thecurvilinear notch 67 when the pawl is positioned between thedrive member 32 andwall 28 as seen in FIGURES 7 and 8. - An
annular reverser plate 70 is positioned on theupper surface 68 and includes pin holes 72 to acceptreverser pin 74, guide pins 75 andknob pin 76. Thereverser pin 74 has a relatively largediameter knob portion 77 and a relatively reduceddiameter portion 78. Theholes 72 are sized to permit passage ofportion 78 and block passage ofportion 77. Theportion 78 extends through thecurvilinear notch 66 and into thespring recess 52 betweenspring 64 andwall 28. Theknob pin 76 includes aknob portion 77 but does not extend below the bottom ofreverser plate 70. Asmall hole 79 is formed in theknob pin 76 as best seen in FIGURE 6 to receive one end of arotary spring 85. The other end ofspring 85 is received inhole 62 ofpawl 54 while the main spiral body ofspring 85 is contained withingroove 67 ofdrive member 32. - A
resilient ring 80 is provided which rests in anotch 82 formed in thedrive member 32 and innotches 84 formed in theportion 78 ofreverser pin 74 and guide pins 75 to retain the pins and reverser plate on thedrive member 32 as best seen in FIGURES 5 and 6. - The ratcheting operation is explained as follows. The
spring 64 urges thereverser pin 74 into one of two positions against theend walls notch 66 as shown in FIGURE 3. Thepin 74 rotates theplate 70 as it moves betweenend walls plate 70 rotates relative to drivemember 32, thespring 85 is extended and resiliently urgespawl 54 to move with theplate 70. Whenpin 74 abutsend 81, thespring 85 urges pawl 54 into a first position onslide surface 50 as seen in FIGURE 7. Whenpin 74 abutsend 83, thespring 85 urges pawl 54 into a second position onslide surface 50 as seen in FIGURE 8. In the first position illustrated in FIGURE 7, the pawl is wedged betweenteeth 30 and one end ofslide surface 50. In this position, if thehead 22 is rotated in a direction indicated byarrow 86 in FIGURE 7, theratchet teeth 30 on thewall 28 will slide along the first set ofratchet teeth 58. Thepawl 54 will move very slightly along theslide surface 50 to provide sufficient clearance for theratchet teeth 30 to slide over the first set ofratchet teeth 58. Thespring 85, constantly urges thepawl 54 into the first position betweenteeth 30 and the end ofslide surface 50 to cause the pawl to spring back and create the ratcheting action. If, however, thehandle 20 andhead 22 are rotated in the opposite direction relative to drivemember 32, represented byarrow 88, the pawl is wedged between theslide surface 50 and thewall 28 with the first set ofratchet teeth 58 engaging theratchet teeth 30 to lock thedrive member 32 andhead 22 together for joint rotation as when tightening or loosening a bolt or nut. - An operator can reverse the ratcheting operation of the
socket wrench 10 by grasping thereverser pin 74 andknob pin 76 atknob portions 77 and moving thepin 74 to a second position at the opposite limit of travel permitted by thecurvilinear notch 66 againstend wall 83 as seen in FIGURE 3. When thehandle 20 andhead 22 are rotated in the direction indicated byarrow 86, thepawl 54 is again wedged between theslide surface 50 and thewall 28 ofhead 22 as seen in FIGURE 8. The second set ofratchet teeth 60 engage theratchet teeth 30 on the head for joint rotation of thehandle 20 and drivemember 32. When thehandle 20 andhead 22 are rotated in the direction indicated byarrow 88, ratcheting action again occurs. Theratchet teeth 30 will slide along the second set ofratchet teeth 60 with thespring 85 urging thepawl 54 back into the second position to create the ratcheting action. Thespring 64 constantly tends to urge thereverser pin 74 either to thefirst end wall 81 or to thesecond end wall 83 depending upon which side of the midpoint ofapex 65 the pin is located. Thereverser pin 74 flexesspring 64 to a maximum when the pin is in contact withapex 65 midway between the edges of thecurvilinear notch 66. In this position, thespring 64 can drive the pin to either end wall of thecurvilinear notch 66 depending upon which direction the pin is moved. - Another construction of the reverser mechanism of
wrench 10 is illustrated in FIGURES 9, 10 and 11. Certain components of this construction are identical to the components described above and are identified by the same reference numeral with a superscript prime ('). In this construction, the drive member 32' is formed with curvilinear notches 66' which extend from the upper surface 68' of the drive member and into the insets defined by the slide surface 50' and spring recess 52'. The pawl 54' includes anotch 120 which is continuously aligned with the notch 66' opening adjacent slide surface 50' when the pawl is positioned between the drive member 32' and wall 28' as seen in FIGURES 10 and 11. The annular reverser plate 70' is positioned on upper surface 68' and includes pin holes 72' to accept reverser pins 74'. The reverser pins 74' have a relatively large diameter knob portion 77' and a relatively reduced diameter portion 78'. The holes 72' are sized to permit passage of portion 78' and block passage of knob portion 77'. The portions 78' extend through the curvilinear notches 66' adjacent the slide surface 50' and into the spring recess 52'. Aresilient ring 80' is provided which rests in a notch 82' formed in the drive member 32' as best seen in FIGURE 9 and in notches 82' formed in the portion 78' of each reverser pin 74' to retain the reverser pins and reverser plate on the drive member 32'. - The ratcheting operation is substantially identical to that of the
pawl 54 described hereinabove. However, the ratcheting function of theresilient spring 85 is performed by the spring 64' which acts to urge pin 74' extending into recess 52' against either end wall 81' or 83' ofnotch 66. The force of spring 64' acts through this pin 74', plate 70' and the second Pin 74' extending adjacent slide surface 50' which bears against the walls ofnotch 120 in pawl 54' as seen in FIGURES 10 and 11. - Referring again to ratchet
wrench 10 shown in FIGURES 1-8, while thehead 22 has been described as having an annular set ofratchet teeth 30, and drivemember 32 with apawl 54, the present invention encompasses a design where a drive member has an annular set of ratchet teeth and the head supports the pawl. - The
drive portion 36 ofdrive member 32 is adapted to secure any one of the sockets 14-18 thereon, as well asextension 12. Thedrive portion 36 defines an outerhexagonal surface 100 which defines a male drive portion and an innerhexagonal surface 102 which defines a female drive portion. Thesocket 16 illustrated in FIGURE 2c includes amale connector portion 104 which has a hexagonalouter surface 106 adapted for engagement with the innerhexagonal surface 102 of thedrive portion 36. Thesocket 14 illustrated in FIGURE 2b is provided with afemale portion 108 which includes an innerhexagonal surface 110 for engagement with the outerhexagonal surface 100 of thedrive portion 36. The design ofsocket 16 will be typically employed for small bolts, nuts, etc.Socket 14 can be employed with larger bolts or nuts.Sockets aperture 48 to permit use ofwrench 10 on fasteners with bolts extending ontoaperture 48, etc. Thesocket 18 includes afemale connector portion 112 with an innerhexagonal surface 114 for engagement with the outerhexagonal surface 100 of thedrive portion 36. The length of thesocket 18 is considerably more than that ofsocket 14 to give the deep socket advantages towrench 10 where the shank diameter of the bolt or rod to which the fastener is secured exceeds the diameter ofaperture 48. Theextension 12 includes amale connector portion 116 for engagement with thedrive portion 36 andfemale connector portion 118 for use with eithersocket - The
hexagonal drive portion 36 is stronger and can withstand a higher rotational torque than a similarly sized square drive wrench. The combined male and female drive portions of thehexagonal drive portion 36 also forms a significant advantage over conventional square drives. Because thehexagonal drive portion 36 can accept relatively small hex sockets such assocket 16 andextension 12 with the female drive portion and relatively large hex sockets such assocket hexagonal drive portion 36 can be used over a broader range of socket sizes than the conventional square drive. For example, a single sizehexagonal drive portion 36 can be used for socket sizes that would normally require use of a 3/8" square drive and 1/2" square drive. The cross-section of the aperture formed by the female hexagonal drive surfaces of the combined male/female drive portion, such asinner surface 102, permits the passage of bolt shanks, etc. which a conventional square drive couldn't. The advantage of the combined male and female drive portions do not need to be limited to ratchet wrenches, but can be used on power wrenches such as air poweredwrench 500 shown n FIGURE 34, breaker bar wrenches such aswrench 260 is FIGURE 16, screwdriver handled socket wrenches such asscrewdriver wrench 502 shown in FIGURE 33 or whatever else the combined male and female drive portions would be useful. The length and weight of sockets 14-16 are also decreased over equivalent conventional sockets while the width of the drive portion socket combination remains comparable. - The
socket wrench 10 is also provided with a socket locking and quick release feature. Themember 130, best seen in FIGURES 3 and 5, has acylindrical portion 132 and two resilient downwardly extendinglegs 134. Themember 130 is placed in theaperture 48 in thedrive member 32 prior to attachment of thereverser plate 70.Shoulders 136 defined between the cylindrical portion and legs contact the underside of thereverser plate 70 to keep themember 130 within thedrive member 32. Thedrive portion 36 is provided withnotches 138 on opposed hexagonal sides. Thelegs 134 extend into these notches as best seen in FIGURE 5. Theleg 134 seen on the left side in FIGURE 5 has an inwardlybent shoulder 140 for bearing against the outer hexagonal surface ofsocket 16 andextension 12. This maintains thesocket 16 orextension 12 on thesocket wrench 10 with the frictional contact through theshoulder 140. The socket or extension can be provided with a notch about its outer hexagonal surface in which theshoulder 140 can enter. Theleg 134 seen on the right in FIGURE 5 has an outwardly directed shoulder 142 for frictional engagement with the inner hexagonal surface of thesockets sockets resilient button 144 is attached to thecylindrical portion 132 as seen in FIGURE 5. The button can be provided with anannular edge 146 which enters agroove 148 oncylindrical portion 132. The button has a sufficiently larger surface area for contact with the operator to permit the operator to comfortably operate the socket locking and quick release feature. By pressing thebutton 144 downward toward thedrive member 32, themember 130 is moved downward within the drive member and theshoulders 140 and 142 slide downward on camming edges 150 and 152 of thenotches 138. The edges are angled so that theshoulders 140 and 142 retract into thenotches 138 when themember 130 is depressed to release a socket or extension on the drive portion. - FIGURE 14 illustrates the cross section of the
drive portion 36 ofdrive member 32. Thenotches 138 are formed on opposite sides of the drive portion within the flat portions of the hexagonal sides. As is clear from FIGURE 14, the inwardlybent shoulder 140 of theleg 134 employed to secure asocket 16 on the wrench can interfere with passage of anobject 250 having a diameter A over which the wrench is placed to rotate the fastener.Object 250 could comprise, for example a rod, bolt or other structure. - An alternate design for the
drive member 32 which prevents this interference is illustrated in FIGURE 15. In this alternate design, thenotch 138 which receives theleg 134 for holding asocket 16 is positioned at the corner between two flat surfaces of the hexagonal shape. In this design, the inwardlybent shoulder 140 extends from the inner section of the two adjacent hexagonal surfaces on innerhexagonal surface 102. This will permit free passage of anobject 250 having a diameter A as shown in FIGURE 15 which could not pass through the drive portion as illustrated in FIGURE 14. The alternate design also illustrates the use of a third leg 134'' lying within a third notch 138'' located between two flat surfaces of thedrive portion 36. The leg 134'' also has a bent shoulder 140'' to hold asocket 16 to increase the force holding the socket. - It is readily apparent that
socket wrench 10 incorporates the significant advantages desired in a socket wrench as noted previously. The ratcheting action is reversible without turning the wrench over by merely moving the reverser pins 74. In fact, to reverse the ratchet operation, theknob portions 77 are always rotated in a direction to wedgepawl 54 betweenhead 22 and drivemember 32. Thus,drive member 32 need not be held against rotation relative to head 22 when reversing the wrench which permits reversal of the wrench with one hand. Theaperture 48 within thedrive member 32 permits a socket on thesocket wrench 10 to be fit over a fastener to be rotated even though some portion of the fastener, or other part protrudes through theaperture 48.Socket wrench 10 also has the weight, compactness, strength and size range to be an improvement on and competitive with conventional square drive wrenches. In addition, the combined male andfemale drive portion 36 and hex sockets are comparable and competitive with conventional square drive and sockets whether the combined male andfemale drive portion 36 is mounted on a ratchet wrench, breaker bar wrench, power wrench, screwdriver wrench, etc. Thesocket wrench 10 also has the advantage of a socket locking and quick release feature which has only two pieces and which can be disassembled with the rest ofwrench 10 for repair or maintenance. - A second embodiment of the present invention is formed by
socket wrench 160, illustrated in FIGURES 12 and 13 and described hereinafter. Thesocket wrench 160 includes ahandle 162 withhead 164. The head is again provided with acylindrical aperture 166 centered on anaxis 167 havingratchet teeth 168 formed on theinner wall 170 of the aperture. Adrive member 172 is secured within theaperture 166 by asnap ring retainer 174. Theretainer 174 fits in agroove 176 formed about thedrive member 172 and also into a groove in the wall 170 (not shown). Theretainer 174 prevents movement of thedrive member 172 along theaxis 167 but permits thedrive member 172 to rotate freely about theaxis 167 relative to thehandle 162. - The
drive member 172 includes acylindrical portion 180 and adrive portion 182 substantially identical to driveportion 36 insocket wrench 10. - The
cylindrical portion 180 of thedrive member 172 supports pawl pivot pins 184,pawls 186 and compression springs 188 as best seen in FIGURE 13. Thepawls 186 can pivot on thepins 184 about an axis generallyparallel axis 167. Eachpawl 186 is provided with a set ofratchet teeth 190. In the absence of an external force, the compression springs 188 urge the pawls about the pawl pins to engage theratchet teeth 190 with theratchet teeth 168 inhead 164 as best seen with the upper pawl in FIGURE 13. Theratchet teeth 190 are designed to engage and lock against ratchetteeth 168 in only one direction of relative motion while permitting the ratchet teeth to slide over one another during opposite rotation. Areverser plate 192 is confined between an edge onaperture 166 and thedrive member 172. This reverser plate has two downwardly directedmembers 194 which are capable of contacting camming surfaces 196 on thepawls 186 to move the pawls out of engagement with theteeth 168. Themembers 194 are positioned onplate 192 so that each one of the pawls can be out of engagement withteeth 168 while the other pawl is engaged. Theteeth 190 onpawls 186 are formed to prevent relative rotation betweenhead 164 and drivemember 172 in one direction, while permitting theteeth 168 to slide overteeth 190 in the opposite direction to provide a ratcheting action. Thepawls 186 are mounted to prevent rotation in opposite directions so that ratcheting action can occur in either direction depending upon the position of themembers 194. Thereverser plate 192 can be moved relative to thedrive member 172 throughfinger grips 198 to permit ratcheting of thesocket wrench 160 in either direction. - A third embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIGURE 16 and comprises a
breaker bar wrench 260. Thebreaker bar wrench 260 includes along handle 262 with anend 264 having a reduced portion and anaperture 266. Ahead 268 also forms a portion of thebreaker bar wrench 260 which includes aclevis 270 having anaperture 272 through the two arms of the clevis. Thereduced end 264 ofhandle 262 can be received between the arms of theclevis 270 and apin 274 can be inserted through theapertures pin 274 permits thehead 268 to rotate about the axis of the pin relative to handle 262 but limits motion in any other direction. - The
head 268 has a throughaperture 276 which permits passage of a bolt, rod, spark plug or other object associated with the fastener to be rotated. The head defines an outerhexagonal surface 278 and an innerhexagonal surface 280 which can be used to securesockets extension 12 thereto in a manner substantially identical to thedrive member 32 described in association withwrench 10. - The
breaker bar wrench 260 has a socket locking and quick release feature which comprises thepush button release 282 and a pressfit retaining ring 284 which cooperate withnotches 286 formed in thehead 268. Thepush button release 282 includes two downwardly extending resilient legs 288 which are each received in one of thenotches 286. Thepush button release 282 also defines agrooved surface 290 for contact with the finger of the operator. Thepress fit ring 284 is secured to head 268 by compression fit inaperture 276 and maintains thepush button release 282 on thewrench 260 through contact withshoulders 289 on legs 288. The legs 288 operate in a manner substantially identical to thelegs 134 withinwrench 10 described hereinabove. One leg 288 has an inwardly bent shoulder 291 for bearing against the outer hexagonal surface of thesocket 16 andextension 12 when they are in contact with the innerhexagonal surface 280 of thehead 268. The other leg has an outwardlybent shoulder 292 which bears againstsockets hexagonal surface 278. Theshoulders wrench 260. The bottom end of thenotches 286 also include angled edges 294. When thepush button release 282 is pushed downwardly toward thehead 268 by the operator, the legs 288 are urged against theangled edges 294 to retract theshoulders shoulders - The fourth embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIGURES 17-20 and forms a
ratchet wrench 300. Many portions of theratchet wrench 300 are identical to those portions identified previously in the description ofwrench 10. The identical elements are denoted by the same reference numeral with a double prime superscript. - The
ratchet wrench 300 includes a handle 20'' having head 22''. The head 22'' has a cylindrical aperture 26'' therethrough with the aperture 26'' centered on axis 27''. - A
drive member 302 is provided which generally includes acylindrical portion 304 and ahexagonal drive portion 306. The upper edge of thecylindrical portion 304 has aflange 308 which rests on and rotates upon the annular inset 40'' in the wall 28'' of the head 22''. Thedrive member 302 is secured to the handle 20'' by aretainer ring 303 setting ingroove 305 indrive member 302 and a similar groove (not shown) in wall 28''. This permits thedrive member 302 to rotate relative to the head 22'' about axis 27''. - The
drive member 302 has a largecylindrical aperture 310 which extends completely through thedrive member 302 and is also centered on axis 27'' when mounted in the head 22''. Theaperture 310 provides the features and advantages ofaperture 48 as described previously. - The
drive member 302 is formed with opposed slide surfaces 312 and 314 as best seen in FIGURES 17A and 20. The slide surfaces 312 and 314 are planar as best seen in FIGURE 20.Slide surface 312 extends perpendicular aradial line 316 extending from the axis 27'' to the closest intersection withslide surface 312 as seen in FIGURE 20. However,slide surface 314 is not perpendicular to aradial line 316 intersecting it at its closest point to axis 27''. In the preferred invention, the head 22'' has forty-eight ratchet teeth 30'' and the angle ϑ between theslide surface 314 and aline 317 perpendicularradial line 316 is 3° 45 minutes. Afirst pawl 318 is positioned betweenslide surface 312 and the teeth 30'' in head 22''. Asecond pawl 320 is positioned betweenslide surface 314 and the ratchet teeth 30''. Bothpawls - Each of the
pawls ratchet teeth 322 and a second set ofratchet teeth 324 facing the ratchet teeth 30''. Avertical hole 326 is formed through thepawls teeth - The
drive member 302 is formed with twocurvilinear notches 328 and twolinear notches 330 as best seen in FIGURE 18. Thecurvilinear notches 328 extend from theupper surface 332 of thedrive member 302 intocutouts 334 in thedrive member 302. Thelinear notches 330 extend from theupper surface 332 and open into the gap formed by the slide surfaces 312 and 314. Thevertical holes 326 in thepawls linear notches 330 when the pawls are positioned between the slide surfaces and ratchet teeth 30''. - An
annular reverser plate 336 is positioned on theupper surface 332 and includes reverser pins 338 and 340. When thereverser plate 336 and reverser pins 338 and 340 are secured to thecylindrical portion 304 byresilient ring 80'' in a manner similar toreverser plate 70 to drivemember 32, the reverser pins 338 and 340 extend into thecurvilinear notches 328 as best seen in FIGURE 18. Reverser springs 342, best seen in FIGURE 18, selectively urge the reverser pins 338 and 340 against one or the other of the ends of thecurvilinear notches 328. As can be seen in FIGURE 18, the reverser springs 342 are urging the reverser pins 338 and 340 against theend 344 of thecurvilinear notch 328 by contact withportion 346 of thereverser spring 342. When thereverser plate 336 is rotated in the clockwise direction as illustrated in FIGURE 18, thereverser pin ends 348 of thecurvilinear notches 328 opposite the ends 344. Theportion 350 of the reverser springs 342 will then keep the reverser pins againstends 348 until thereverser plate 336 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction as seen in FIGURE 18 by the operator. - The ratcheting operation is explained as follows. The reverser springs 342 urge the reverser pins 338 and 340 into one of the two positions against the
ends curvilinear notches 328. The position of thereverser plate 336 is determined by the position of the reverser pins 338 and 340. Pawl pins 352 and 354 are provided which extend throughlinear notches 330 and extend into thevertical hole 326 of each of thepawls main spring 343 extends about the periphery ofdrive member 302.Main spring 343 is movable by rotation about axis 27'' byreverser pins ends 344 of thecurvilinear notches 328, themain spring 343 urges the pawl pins 352 and 354 to move thepawls ends 348 of thecurvilinear notches 328, the reverser pins 338 and 340 move themain spring 343 and pawl pins 352 and 354 to move thepawls pawl 318 shown in phantom line in FIGURE 20. - In the first position illustrated in FIGURE 20, only the first set of
ratchet teeth 322 of thefirst pawl 318 are wedged between the teeth 30'' and theslide surface 312. The first set ofratchet teeth 322 on thesecond pawl 320 are disengaged from the ratchet teeth 30'' because of the slight angle between theslide surface 314 and theline 317 perpendicular toradial line 316. In this position, if the head 22'' is rotated in a direction indicated byarrow 356 in FIGURE 20, thefirst pawl 318 is wedged between theslide surface 312 and the ratchet teeth 30'' to lock thedrive member 302 and head 22'' together for joint rotation as when tightening or loosening a bolt or nut. - If head 22'' is rotated in the direction indicated by
arrow 358 in FIGURE 20, thepawl 318 will move very slightly along theslide surface 312 against the force ofmain spring 343 to provide sufficient clearance for the ratchet teeth 30'' to slide over the first set ofratchet teeth 322 on thefirst pawl 318. Themain spring 343 constantly urges thefirst pawl 318 into the first position to cause thepawl 318 to spring back and create a ratcheting action. However, prior topawl 318 springing back to engage the first set ofratchet teeth 322 thereof with the ratchet teeth 30'' on head 22'', thesecond pawl 320 moves its first set ofratchet teeth 322 into engagement with the ratchet teeth 30'' on head 22''. When the first set ofratchet teeth 322 of thesecond pawl 320 engage the ratchet teeth 30'', the head 22'' can be rotated in the direction ofarrow 356 with thedrive member 302 locked for rotation with the head 22''. It will thus be evident that the angle of rotation of thedrive member 302 relative to the head 22'' between ratchet engagements by use of the first andsecond pawls radial lines 316 extending from the rotational axis 27'' intersecting thesurfaces slide surface 312 need not be perpendicular to theradial line 316. Theslide surface 312 can also be at a slight angle to aline 317 perpendicular theradial line 316 as is theslide surface 314. It must also be understood that the slide surfaces 312 and 314 need not be directly opposite each other as shown in FIGURES 17-20. If the slide surfaces 312 and 314 are oriented so that thepawls wrench 300 will be strengthened ifwrench 300 is to be used in unusually harsh applications. A simultaneous ratcheting action would occur ifslide surface 314 wereparallel line 317 seen in FIGURE 20. - The operator can reverse the ratcheting operation of the
ratchet wrench 300 by grasping thereverser plate 336 and moving the reverser pins 338 and 340 against theends 348 of thecurvilinear notches 328. This movesmain spring 343 and the pawl pins 352 and 354 in thelinear notches 330 to move the first andsecond pawls arrow 358, one of thepawls arrow 356, ratcheting action occurs. Again, only one of thepawls - The
cylindrical drive portion 304 ofratchet wrench 300 is adapted to secure any one of the sockets 14-18 thereon, as well asextension 12 and has the other features noted above with respect to the combined male andfemale drive portion 36 ofsocket wrench 10. - With reference now to FIGURES 21-24, several advantages of the
hex sockets portion 108 of thesocket 14 has an outer hexagonal surface 360 which forms a wrench engaging surface for rotating thesocket 14 with a conventionalopen end wrench 362. This feature of thesocket 14 is also present onsockets extension 12. The feature will permit the hex sockets to be used for loosening or tightening a member where an obstruction would prevent use of the hex socket with the ratchet wrenches disclosed herein, includingwrenches - FIGURE 22 illustrates a comparision of a
hex socket 14 and aconventional socket 364. In FIGURE 22, the dimension a is the profile or height of the sockets. The dimension b is the diameter of the aperture in thehex socket 14 through which the shank of a bolt can protrude and is the size of the opening in theconventional socket 364 for receiving the square drive which is typically not large enough to allow the passage of larger bolts or shanks. The dimension c is the depth of the actual nut engaging portion of the socket. The dimension d is the built in depth. - As can be seen by comparing the
socket 14 andconventional socket 364, the overall size of thehex socket 14 is decreased by the elimination of the portion forming dimension d. The weight of thehex socket 14 relative to theconventional socket 364 is reduced for an equivalent size because of the elimination of the portion forming dimension d and because of the large aperture forming dimension b and the hexagonalouter surface 108 of thesocket 14. The dimension b on thehex socket 14 is larger than dimension b on theconventional socket 364 for equivalent size sockets, permitting the passage of a larger bolt shank, etc. when required. - With reference now to FIGURE 23, the present invention permits the creation of a deep socket 370 by use of the
hex socket 14 and a properly sizedconventional socket 366 having asquare drive portion 368. Naturally, the deep socket 370 shown in FIGURE 23 would be operated by a conventional square drive socket wrench. - Reference is now made to FIGURE 24 which illustrates the creation of a deep socket 372 using
multiple hex sockets 14 of proper dimensions to form deep socket 372. It is clear that deep socket 372 may be operated by the ratchet wrenches disclosed herein includingratchet wrenches outer surface 108 of thetop socket 14. If desired, any of thehex sockets 14 can be provided with some structure for securing the sockets together during use. - With reference now to FIGURES 25-27, a square drive to hex
drive adapter 380 is illustrated. Theadapter 380 permits a conventional square drive socket wrench to be used to rotatehex sockets hex extension 12. The square drive to hexdrive adapter 380 includes asquare drive portion 382 having a cylindricalouter surface 384 and a squareinner surface 386 for receiving the square drive of a conventional socket wrench. Adjacent thesquare drive portion 382 is aretention cylinder 388. Theretention cylinder 388 has acircular aperture 390 formed therethrough as best seen in FIGURE 26. Twoparallel notches 392 are formed along the length of theretention cylinder 388 to define a retention tab 394. The retention tab 394 extends beyond the transition from theretention cylinder 388 to the male/femalehex drive portion 396. Theportion 396 has an outerhexagonal surface 100 and an innerhexagonal surface 102 for cooperation with thehex sockets extension 12. The retention tab 394 has adouble bend 398 near its outer edge so that portions of the tab 394 extend both outward fromsurface 100 and inward fromsurface 102 to resiliently engage thehex sockets extension 12 when mounted on the male/femalehex drive portion 396 ofadapter 380. - With reference now to FIGURES 28 and 29, a hex drive to
square drive adapter 400 is illustrated. Theadapter 400 permits the use of a ratchet wrench having hex drive, including theratchet wrench 10 described hereinabove to drive conventional square drive sockets such assockets adapter 400 includes ahexagonal portion 402 having a hexagonalouter portion 404 which is adapted to engage the innerhexagonal surface 102 ofdrive portion 36 of theratchet wrench 10. Agroove 406 is provided in thehex portion 402 for engagement with any socket locking feature, such as the design described above onratchet wrench 10 formed bymember 130. Theadapter 400 also includes asquare drive portion 408 having a dimension to engage a conventional socket such as 364 and 366 so that a hex drive wrench can be used with conventional square drive sockets. Theportion 408 can include a convention spring anddetent ball 409 to lock a socket toportion 408. - Reference is now made to FIGURES 30-32 which illustrates a first modification of the
breaker bar wrench 260 illustrated in FIGURE 16. Only thehead 268 is shown in FIGURES 30-32, but it will be understood that the head can be pivoted to ahandle 262 by apin 274. Thehead 268 illustrated in FIGURES 30-32 includes anaperture 410 formed through the outerhexagonal surface 278 and innerhexagonal surface 280.Aperture 410 is formed so that a hex socket such assockets extension 12 will cover the majority ofaperture 410 when the hex socket is attached to thehead 268. A reducedthickness portion 412 forms an extension of theaperture 410 which extends to the end ofsurfaces head 268. Theaperture 410 and reducedportion 412 are adapted to receive a retainer spring 414 as best seen in FIGURE 32. The retainer spring can be mounted in thehead 268 by spreading theends 416 over the reducedportion 412 and sliding the spring into the position shown in FIGURE 32. Theinset portions 418 will retain the spring 414 on thehead 268 during normal operation. The outwardly extendingportion 420 will contact hex sockets mounted on theouter surface 278 of thehead 268 and the inwardly extendingportion 421 will contact hex sockets mounted on theinner surface 280 ofhead 268 and will retain the sockets due to the frictional forces generated by the resiliency of the retainer spring 414. Retainer spring 414 has the advantages of being low cost, a single piece and easily replaceable, unlike conventional resilient type frictional socket locks. - It will be understood that retainer spring 414 can be used on any of the combined male/female drive portions described herein, including
drive portion 36, drive portion 36',drive portion 182,head 268 and driveportion 306 to frictionally secure a hex socket on the drive portion provided that anaperture 410 and reducedthickness portion 412 are formed in the drive portion. Retainer spring 414 can be substituted formember 130, member 130' orrelease 282. - While several embodiments of the invention have been illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the foregoing Detailed Description, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed, but is capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions of parts and elements without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the following independent claim
Claims (1)
- A combination of a wrench assembly (10, 260) and at least a socket (14, 16, 18) to rotate a fastener, each of the sockets having a portion (110, 106, 114) for attachment to a wrench and a portion for engaging the fastener, the sockets each having an aperture therethrough for allowing the socket to engage the fastener when an object extends from the fastener by permitting the object to extend into the aperture, the wrench assembly (10) having
a handle (20, 262) having a head (22, 268) at one end thereof;
a drive member (32) for mounting on the head, said drive member having a drive portion (36, 268) with an inner surface (102, 280) extending along the first direction and having a hexagonal cross section perpendicular the first direction and adapted for receiving a socket, said drive member and drive portion having a through aperture (48, 276) formed therein which forms a continuation of the aperture through the socket when the socket is received on the wrench which permits the object to extend through the drive member and drive portions when rotating the fastener;
a release member (130, 282) mounted in the drive member for limited movement along the first direction with respect to the drive member and having a finger contacting surface (144, 282);
characterized in that the drive portion (36, 268) further has an outer surface (100, 278) extending along a first direction (27) relative to the drive member, the outer surface of the drive portion having a noncircular cross section perpendicular the first direction and adapted for receiving a socket, the outer surface (100, 278) of the drive portion having a hexagonal cross section;
at least two resilient arms (134, 288) extending from a first end of the release member and extending through a respective notch (138, 286) formed in the drive portion extending along the first direction, the resilient arms having a socket engaging surface (140, 142, 290, 292) thereon and being resiliently urged against a socket received on one of the surfaces of the drive portion, the resilient arm for securing a socket to the ratchet wrench, one of the two resilient arms adpated to secure to the wrench a socket received on the outer surface of the drive portion and the other of the two resilient arms adpated to secure to the wrench a socket received on the inner surface of the drive portion, each said notch having a camming surface (150, 152, 294) contacted by the resilient arm when the release member is moved along the first direction with respect to the drive portion by an operator pushing on the finger contacting surface out of engagement with the socket on the wrench to release the socket.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT84900446T ATE67708T1 (en) | 1983-12-13 | 1983-12-13 | RATCHET WRENCH. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1983/001995 WO1985002574A1 (en) | 1983-12-13 | 1983-12-13 | Improved ratchet wrench |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0165237A1 EP0165237A1 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
EP0165237A4 EP0165237A4 (en) | 1988-05-10 |
EP0165237B1 true EP0165237B1 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
Family
ID=22175636
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84900446A Expired EP0165237B1 (en) | 1983-12-13 | 1983-12-13 | Improved ratchet wrench |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0165237B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0735026B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE67708T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3382421D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1985002574A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016172007A1 (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-10-27 | Ty-Flot, Inc. | Ratchet wrench with a locking release assembly |
USD810531S1 (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2018-02-20 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Socket |
USD814259S1 (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2018-04-03 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Socket |
USD815504S1 (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2018-04-17 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Socket |
US9956670B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2018-05-01 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Ratchet, ratchet accessory, and kit including the same |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2246534B (en) * | 1990-08-02 | 1993-11-10 | Gerald Clarence Cooper | Socket |
GB2353746B (en) * | 1999-09-04 | 2001-08-22 | Jack Lee | Ratchet tool |
GB2378146A (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-02-05 | Sunny Huang | Ratchet wrench with a reversible action |
EP2145736A1 (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2010-01-20 | BAE Systems PLC | Spanner Adaptor |
TW201416184A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-05-01 | Matatakitoyo Tool Co Ltd | Torque tool |
Family Cites Families (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1177764A (en) * | 1915-03-17 | 1916-04-04 | Louis C Smith | Ratchet-wrench. |
US1433163A (en) * | 1920-04-22 | 1922-10-24 | James B Hayes | Speed-wrench handle |
US1413698A (en) * | 1921-03-03 | 1922-04-25 | Billings & Spencer Company | Hand tool |
US1995009A (en) * | 1931-12-05 | 1935-03-19 | Blackhawk Mfg Company | Ratchet mechanism |
US2518139A (en) * | 1946-03-06 | 1950-08-08 | Standard Pressed Steel Co | Magazine tool |
US2549515A (en) * | 1948-04-26 | 1951-04-17 | Orey Millard | Wrench having pivoted handle and removable socket |
US2620051A (en) * | 1948-07-24 | 1952-12-02 | Reuben A Kaplan | Wrench |
US2715955A (en) * | 1950-05-13 | 1955-08-23 | Wright Tool And Forge Company | Reversible ratchet device for wrenches |
US2989881A (en) * | 1959-01-27 | 1961-06-27 | Raymond P Lavietes | Multiple use hand tool having a ratchet handle |
FR1340335A (en) * | 1962-09-07 | 1963-10-18 | Facom Manufacture Francaise De | Reversible, freewheel and ratchet drive mechanism and its applications |
US3222943A (en) * | 1963-06-25 | 1965-12-14 | Pendleton Tool Ind Inc | Ratcheter |
US3290969A (en) * | 1964-03-20 | 1966-12-13 | Pendleton Tool Ind Inc | Reversible ratchet wrench having linear sliding manually actuated pawls |
US3342229A (en) * | 1965-10-21 | 1967-09-19 | James Igor | Ratchet handle screwdriver |
US3372612A (en) * | 1966-04-04 | 1968-03-12 | Kelsey Hayes Co | Pawl type ratchet wrench |
US3621738A (en) * | 1969-06-17 | 1971-11-23 | Oren V Northcutt | Powered ratchet wrench |
US3569903A (en) * | 1969-08-07 | 1971-03-09 | Sealectro Corp | Coaxial connector with axial interlock |
US3677102A (en) * | 1970-06-02 | 1972-07-18 | Usag Spa Gemonio | Free-wheel device for transmitting torques and reversible ratchet dog comprising same |
FR2127252A5 (en) * | 1971-02-24 | 1972-10-13 | Granger Maurice | |
DE2117797C3 (en) * | 1971-04-13 | 1975-03-13 | Lacrex Brevetti S.A., Minusio (Schweiz) | screwdriver |
US3732756A (en) * | 1971-08-13 | 1973-05-15 | Lowell Corp | Ratchet wrench |
US3777596A (en) * | 1972-09-20 | 1973-12-11 | New Britain Machine Co | Resilient quick release for socket wrench |
FR2375005A1 (en) * | 1976-12-23 | 1978-07-21 | Stephanoises Forges | Reversible drive for ratchet spanner - has two independent pawls of toothed rim segments |
US4170909A (en) * | 1977-09-23 | 1979-10-16 | Wagner Theodore R | Tool holder |
US4328720A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1982-05-11 | Shiel Walter P | Socket wrench and set |
US4520697A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1985-06-04 | Moetteli John B | Ratchet wrench |
-
1983
- 1983-12-13 EP EP84900446A patent/EP0165237B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-13 AT AT84900446T patent/ATE67708T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-12-13 JP JP59500546A patent/JPH0735026B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-12-13 DE DE8484900446T patent/DE3382421D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-12-13 WO PCT/US1983/001995 patent/WO1985002574A1/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016172007A1 (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-10-27 | Ty-Flot, Inc. | Ratchet wrench with a locking release assembly |
US9757847B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2017-09-12 | Ty-Flot, Inc. | Ratchet wrench with a locking release assembly |
US9956670B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2018-05-01 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Ratchet, ratchet accessory, and kit including the same |
USD814259S1 (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2018-04-03 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Socket |
USD815504S1 (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2018-04-17 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Socket |
USD810531S1 (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2018-02-20 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Socket |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0165237A1 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
WO1985002574A1 (en) | 1985-06-20 |
EP0165237A4 (en) | 1988-05-10 |
JPH0735026B2 (en) | 1995-04-19 |
DE3382421D1 (en) | 1991-10-31 |
ATE67708T1 (en) | 1991-10-15 |
JPS61500656A (en) | 1986-04-10 |
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