EP0165198A2 - Lance for accelerating solid particles - Google Patents

Lance for accelerating solid particles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0165198A2
EP0165198A2 EP85630080A EP85630080A EP0165198A2 EP 0165198 A2 EP0165198 A2 EP 0165198A2 EP 85630080 A EP85630080 A EP 85630080A EP 85630080 A EP85630080 A EP 85630080A EP 0165198 A2 EP0165198 A2 EP 0165198A2
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Prior art keywords
nozzle
acceleration
gas
mouth
solid particles
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EP85630080A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0165198B1 (en
EP0165198A3 (en
Inventor
André Bock
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Arcelor Luxembourg SA
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Arbed SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an adaptation device for a nozzle for accelerating solid particles using a carrier gas.
  • Such nozzles serve in particular to introduce pulverulent carboniferous material into a steel bath.
  • the rate of scrap metal or other cooling additions that one manages to incorporate into a metal in the process of refining depends mainly on the composition of the cast iron, the temperature of the charge and the thermodynamic course of the refining operation. To reduce the cost price of steel, it is imperative to exceed the current addition rates of some 400 kg of scrap metal per ton of pig iron.
  • One of the known methods consists in increasing the afterburning rate of the CO emerging from the bath, while ensuring that the bath absorbs a maximum of the released heat. Another method is to heat the metal bath using additional energy sources. Techniques for adding gas and liquid fuel have been used with various successes. Likewise, techniques for adding combustible material in the form of granules of carbonaceous material have been developed.
  • the incorporation of solids in the bath can be done from below, through nozzles or permeable elements housed in the bottom of the converter, or from the top together with gaseous materials.
  • gaseous materials to have in this latter case a suitable absorption of the carbonaceous material by the bath, it is necessary that the latter not only present well-defined oxygen and carbon concentrations, but it is also necessary that the carbonaceous material has an energy kinetics and sufficient concentration at the exit of the lance to enter the bath. High kinetic energy is also required to avoid premature combustion of the carbonaceous material above the bath.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a nozzle which limits the phenomena described under points a and c above and which ensures a high penetration depth of the particles in the liquid bath, on condition that the oxygen nozzles are arranged appropriately.
  • the acceleration nozzle is extended by a part whose flare angle is greater than that of the acceleration nozzle and is surrounded towards its mouth by a second nozzle forming envelope and connected to a gas source.
  • part of the gas passing through the acceleration nozzle can be diverted by means of slots machined therein; the slots act as a separator of the gaseous phases and solid particles and prevent the solid particles from entering the nozzle forming an envelope.
  • Other alternative embodiments are described in subclaims 2-10.
  • the advantages of the invention consist in obtaining a jet of carbonaceous material whose angle of divergence A is less than 2 ° (for blank tests). Provided that A remains below A threshold in the crucible, the theoretical penetration depth will be approximately 2 m. In addition, the additional gas jet prevents premature combustion of the granulated material over the metal bath.
  • Fig. 1 schematically represents a section through a part of a lance head produced in accordance with the present invention.
  • a nozzle 1 there is a part of a nozzle 1, connected to a source (not shown) of solid particles and gas and guiding the jet of carrier gas / solid materials 2.
  • the gas carrier has a speed V1 greater than 300 m / s while the speed V2 of the granules of solid material is less than 200 m / s.
  • a truncated conical piece 4 of a length of about twenty centimeters and with a flaring angle worth some 2 ° (greater than that of the central nozzle), is mounted in the extension of the central nozzle 1.
  • the difference of section of the two bases 3 and 5 of the conical part 4 is chosen such that the speed of the carrier gas is comparable to that of the solid particles at the mouth 5. - Given the short length of the conical part 4, the speed of the particles solids varies little.
  • a nozzle 8 connected to a gas source under pressure (not shown), is concentric with the central nozzle 1 and forms an envelope around the latter. It has, towards the mouth of the device, parallel interior and exterior walls, so as to create a gas flow 10 that is substantially parallel.
  • the gas 10 acting as a screen is preferably of the same nature as the carrier gas and has, passing between the parallel walls, a speed or very close to that of the carrier gas after the passage of the latter through the room.
  • conical 4, or else supersonic by means of the addition of an annular Laval nozzle, as indicated in dotted lines - reference 12- in fig. 1).
  • the source of turbulence in the gas 10 the latter is advantageously extended by a cylindrical part 6, the wall of which tapers towards its mouth 7.
  • the conduit which guides the mixture of carrier gas / solid particles also approaches the mouth as the inner wall of the nozzle forming the envelope. It is advantageous to place the mouth 7 of the conduit which guides the mixture of carrier gas / solid particles set back from the mouth 9 of the nozzle 8 which forms an envelope. This makes it possible to blow during the refining and between the recarburization phases only of the gas (having a cooling role and of protection against splashes of slag and metal) through the nozzle 8.
  • the gas used can be neutral or oxidizing ; when it is oxidizing, a slight overpressure must be maintained inside the nozzle 1. During the recarburization phases, it is advisable to choose a neutral screen gas.
  • the lance also comprises several nozzles (not shown), arranged at equal distance around the central nozzle, supplying the refining oxygen jets. These oxygen jets are inclined at a determined angle X relative to the axis of the lance. In a first zone, close to the lance head, the suction effect of the refining oxygen jets and the shear flow 11 which results therefrom, mainly disturbs the flow of gas-screen without excessively enlarging and disturbing the carrier gas / solid matter jet, which therefore retains its penetrating properties.
  • the angle X determines the extent of a second zone, located in the extension of the first zone and which is characterized by the simultaneous presence of gas (carrier gas, screen gas and refining oxygen) of steel drops in origin of the bath and of powdery carboniferous material. It is ultimately all the parameters governing the width of this second zone which influence the dissolution of the coal particles in the liquid steel in a third zone, located in the extension of the first and second zones and the upper limit of which is the surface of the steel bath.
  • gas carrier gas, screen gas and refining oxygen

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
  • Liquid Developers In Electrophotography (AREA)
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  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
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  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
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Abstract

An acceleration nozzle for particles entrained in a carrier gas comprises a first central nozzle having a first diverging cross-section, and an extension nozzle section extending from the first nozzle. The extension nozzle section has a flare or diverging angle which is greater than that of the first acceleration nozzle. The nozzle extension is surrounded about its mouth or opening by a second nozzle forming a casing or housing therearound; the second nozzle being connected to a source of gas. In a preferred embodiment, instead of utilizing two distinct gas sources to supply the first acceleration nozzle and the second "housing" nozzle, a portion of the gas passing through the acceleration nozzle may be diverted by means of slits built into the latter. The slits act as a separator of the gaseous phases and solid particles, and prevent the solid particles from penetrating the second nozzle. Acceleration nozzles of the present invention are typically used for delivering carboniferous powdered materials into a steel bath.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'adaptation pour tuyère d'accélération de particules solides à l'aide d'un gaz porteur. De telles tuyères servent en particulier à introduire de la matière carbonifère pulvérulente dans un bain d'acier.The present invention relates to an adaptation device for a nozzle for accelerating solid particles using a carrier gas. Such nozzles serve in particular to introduce pulverulent carboniferous material into a steel bath.

Le taux de mitrailles ou autres ajoutes refroidissantes qu'on arrive à incorporer à un métal en voie d'affinage dépend principalement de la composition de la fonte, de la température de la charge et du déroulement thermodynamique de l'opération d'affinage. Pour réduire le prix de revient de l'acier, il est impératif de dépasser les taux d'ajoutes actuels de quelque 400 kg de mitraille par tonne de fonte. Une des méthodes connues consiste à augmenter le taux de postcombustion du CO se dégageant du bain, tout en veillant à ce que le bain absorbe un maximum de la chaleur libérée. Une autre méthode consiste à chauffer le bain métallique en utilisant des sources d'énergie supplémentaires. Des techniques d'addition de gaz et de combustible liquide sont mises en oeuvre avec des succès variés. Pareillement des techniques d'addition de matière combustible sous forme de granules de matière carbonée ont été développées. L'incorporation de matières solides dans le bain peut se faire par le bas, à travers des tuyères ou des éléments perméables logés dans le fond du convertisseur, ou par le haut conjointement avec des matières gazeuses. Or, pour avoir dans ce derniers cas une absorption convenable de la matière carbonée par le bain, il faut que celui-ci présente non seulement des concentrations en oxygène et en carbone bien déterminées, mais il faut en plus que la matière carbonée ait une énergie cinétique et une concentration suffisantes à la sortie de la lance pour pénétrer dans le bain. L' énergie cinétique élevée est également requise pour éviter une combustion prématurée de la matière carbonée au-dessus du bain.The rate of scrap metal or other cooling additions that one manages to incorporate into a metal in the process of refining depends mainly on the composition of the cast iron, the temperature of the charge and the thermodynamic course of the refining operation. To reduce the cost price of steel, it is imperative to exceed the current addition rates of some 400 kg of scrap metal per ton of pig iron. One of the known methods consists in increasing the afterburning rate of the CO emerging from the bath, while ensuring that the bath absorbs a maximum of the released heat. Another method is to heat the metal bath using additional energy sources. Techniques for adding gas and liquid fuel have been used with various successes. Likewise, techniques for adding combustible material in the form of granules of carbonaceous material have been developed. The incorporation of solids in the bath can be done from below, through nozzles or permeable elements housed in the bottom of the converter, or from the top together with gaseous materials. However, to have in this latter case a suitable absorption of the carbonaceous material by the bath, it is necessary that the latter not only present well-defined oxygen and carbon concentrations, but it is also necessary that the carbonaceous material has an energy kinetics and sufficient concentration at the exit of the lance to enter the bath. High kinetic energy is also required to avoid premature combustion of the carbonaceous material above the bath.

Dans la demande de brevet EP 84630036 la demanderesse a décrit un dispositif d'accélération de particules solides en suspension dans un gaz, comportant une source de gaz sous pression, des moyens de dosage du gaz et des particules solides ainsi que des conduits d'amenée du mélange gaz/particules solides débouchant sur une lance. Le dispositif offre la particularité que les conduits d'amenée ou la lance présentent des parties sur lesquelles la section varie de façon spécifique; il faut en effet éviter que la vitesse du gaz n'augmente brusquement sur les derniers mètres du conduit étant donné que cette vitesse ne peut plus être transmise aux particules solides. En choisissant des conduits qui s'évasent sur les derniers mètres devant l'embouchure, il a été possible d'obtenir des vitesses de particules de quelque 190 m/s à l'embouchure, la vitesse du gaz étant à cet endroit légèrement inférieure à la vitesse sonique.In patent application EP 84630036, the applicant has described a device for accelerating solid particles suspended in a gas, comprising a source of gas under pressure, means for metering gas and solid particles as well as supply conduits. of the gas / solid particles mixture leading to a lance. The device has the particularity that the supply conduits or the lance have parts on which the section varies in a specific manner; it is indeed necessary to prevent the speed of the gas from suddenly increasing over the last meters of the pipe since this speed can no longer be transmitted to solid particles. By choosing conduits which widen over the last few meters in front of the mouth, it was possible to obtain particle speeds of around 190 m / s at the mouth, the gas speed at this point being slightly lower than sonic speed.

Bien que le dispositif mène à des résultats excellents d'un point de vue vitesse des particules solides, on soupçonnait néanmoins que la profondeur de pénétration des particules solides dans le bain était faible. Des calculs théoriques montrent que la profondeur de pénétration L d'un jet de particules dans un bain de liquide vaut, sans la présence des jets d'oxygène: (pour des angles de divergence A faibles et des concentrations de particules élevées)

Figure imgb0001

  • Qc = débit particules (kg/min) L = hauteur de la lance au dessus du bain (m)
  • v = vitesse particules (m/s)
  • P ac = densité acier (kg/m3) A = angle de divergence du jet (degrés)
Although the device leads to excellent results from a solid particle velocity point of view, it was nevertheless suspected that the depth of penetration of the solid particles into the bath was small. Theoretical calculations show that the penetration depth L of a jet of particles in a liquid bath is worth, without the presence of the oxygen jets: (for small divergence angles A and high concentrations of particles)
Figure imgb0001
  • Q c = particle flow (kg / min) L = height of the lance above the bath (m)
  • v = particle velocity (m / s)
  • P ac = steel density (kg / m 3 ) A = angle of divergence of the jet (degrees)

Des essais à blanc dans l'atmosphère ont montré que l'angle A est compris entre 4° et 7°, d'où l'on peut calculer à l'aide de l'équation (1) une profondeur de pénétration L allant de 15 à 50 cm. (avec Qc = 300 kg/min, vc = 150 m/s, Lo m 1,5 m).Blank tests in the atmosphere have shown that the angle A is between 4 ° and 7 °, from which one can calculate using equation (1) a penetration depth L ranging from 15 to 50 cm. (with Q c = 300 kg / min, v c = 150 m / s, L o m 1.5 m).

En réalité on est loin des conditions idéales qui ont mené à l'équation (1). Il faut en effet tenir compte du fait que lors de la récarburation:

  • a) la tuyère verticale de soufflage du mélange de gaz/matières solides est entourée par plusieurs tuyères de soufflage d'oxygène primaire qui provoquent une augmentation de l'angle de divergence A du jet gaz/ matières solides. L'effet d'aspiration des jets d'oxygène entratne en effet une dépressurisation de la région centrale qu'ils entourent et dans laquelle se déplace le jet de gaz/matières solides. Ce jet dont la pression statique à l'embouchure est de 1 bar subit par conséquent une expansion brusque causant un déplacement radial des particules et par conséquent une diminution de leur concentration.
  • b) le freinage du flux de gaz porteur par le bain liquide crée en outre un contre-courant qui élargit la zone d'impact sur le bain. Le gaz porteur n'entre pas dans le bain d'acier; il est fortement décéléré à la surface du bain, ce qui se traduit par une diminution de la pression dynamique et par une augmentation corrélative de la pression statique. Il s'établit un gradient de pression dans la région comprise entre les jets d'oxygène et le jet central qui est générateur de contre-courants absorbés progressivement par les jets. Ces contre-courants renforcent l'action de cisaillement entre le jet central et l'atmosphère qui l'entoure.
  • c) la différence entre la vitesse du gaz porteur (approx. 320 m/s) et des particules (approx. 180 m/s) à la sortie de la tuyère crée des micro-turbulences supplémentaires à l'intérieur du jet.
In reality, we are far from the ideal conditions which led to equation (1). It must be taken into account that during recarburation:
  • a) the vertical blowing nozzle of the gas / solid matter mixture is surrounded by several primary oxygen blowing nozzles which cause an increase in the divergence angle A of the gas / solid matter jet. The suction effect of the oxygen jets leads to a depressurization of the central region which they surround and in which the gas / solid matter jet moves. This jet whose static pressure at the mouth is 1 bar consequently undergoes an abrupt expansion causing a radial displacement of the particles and consequently a reduction in their concentration.
  • b) the braking of the flow of carrier gas by the liquid bath also creates a counter-current which widens the zone of impact on the bath. The carrier gas does not enter the steel bath; it is strongly decelerated on the surface of the bath, which results in a reduction in the dynamic pressure and in a correlative increase in the static pressure. A pressure gradient is established in the region between the oxygen jets and the central jet which generates counter-currents gradually absorbed by the jets. These counter-currents reinforce the shearing action between the central jet and the atmosphere that surrounds it.
  • c) the difference between the speed of the carrier gas (approx. 320 m / s) and of the particles (approx. 180 m / s) at the outlet of the nozzle creates additional micro-turbulence inside the jet.

Il s'ensuit que l'angle de divergence A du jet de particules dans le creuset doit être nettement supérieur à celui observé lors d'essais à blanc.It follows that the divergence angle A of the jet of particles in the crucible must be much greater than that observed during blank tests.

Si A devient supérieur à la valeur limite

Figure imgb0002
on peut calculer que la profondeur de pénétration L n'est plus que de quelques centimètres.If A becomes greater than the limit value
Figure imgb0002
 we can calculate that the penetration depth L is no more than a few centimeters.

(A t = "temps d'ouverture" du bain do = diamètre de sortie de la tuyère).(At t = "opening time" of the bath d o = nozzle outlet diameter).

La présente invention a comme but de proposer une tuyère qui limite les phénomènes décrits sous les points a et c ci-dessus et qui assure une profondeur de pénétration élevée des particules dans le bain liquide, sous condition que les tuyères d'oxygène soient disposées de façon appropriée.The object of the present invention is to propose a nozzle which limits the phenomena described under points a and c above and which ensures a high penetration depth of the particles in the liquid bath, on condition that the oxygen nozzles are arranged appropriately.

Ce but est atteint selon l'invention par le fait que la tuyère d'accélération est prolongée par une pièce dont l'angle d'évasement est supérieur à celui de la tuyère d'accélération et est entourée vers son embouchure par une deuxième tuyère formant enveloppe et reliée à une source de gaz. Au lieu de prendre deux sources de gaz distinctes pour alimenter la tuyère d'accélération et la tuyère formant enveloppe, on peut dériver une partie du gaz traversant la tuyère d'accélération par l'intermédiaire de fentes usinées dans celle-ci; les fentes agissent comme séparateur des phases gazeuses et particules solides et empêchent les particules solides de pénétrer dans la tuyère formant enveloppe. D'autres variantes d'exécution sont décrites dans les sous-revendications 2-10.This object is achieved according to the invention by the fact that the acceleration nozzle is extended by a part whose flare angle is greater than that of the acceleration nozzle and is surrounded towards its mouth by a second nozzle forming envelope and connected to a gas source. Instead of taking two separate gas sources to supply the acceleration nozzle and the envelope nozzle, part of the gas passing through the acceleration nozzle can be diverted by means of slots machined therein; the slots act as a separator of the gaseous phases and solid particles and prevent the solid particles from entering the nozzle forming an envelope. Other alternative embodiments are described in subclaims 2-10.

Les avantages de l'invention consistent dans l'obtention d'un jet de matière carbonée dont l'angle de divergence A est inférieur à 2° (pour des essais à blanc). Pour autant que A reste inférieur à Aseuil dans le creuset, la profondeur de pénétration théorique sera approximativement de 2 m. De plus, le jet de gaz supplémentaire empêche une combustion prématurée de la matière granulée au-dessus du bain métallique.The advantages of the invention consist in obtaining a jet of carbonaceous material whose angle of divergence A is less than 2 ° (for blank tests). Provided that A remains below A threshold in the crucible, the theoretical penetration depth will be approximately 2 m. In addition, the additional gas jet prevents premature combustion of the granulated material over the metal bath.

L'invention est exposée ci-après plus en détail à l'aide d'un dessin représentant deux modes d'exécution.The invention is described below in more detail using a drawing representing two embodiments.

- La fig. 1 représente de manière schématique une coupe à travers une partie d'une tête de lance réalisée conformément à la présente invention.- Fig. 1 schematically represents a section through a part of a lance head produced in accordance with the present invention.

Sur la fig. 1 on distingue une partie d'une tuyère 1, reliée à une source (non représentée) de particules solides et de gaz et guidant le jet de gaz porteur/matières solides 2. A l'embouchure 3 de la tuyère centrale 1, le gaz porteur possède une vitesse V1 supérieure à 300 m/s alors que la vitesse V2 des granules de matière solide est inférieure à 200 m/s. Une pièce conique tronquée 4, d'une longueur d'une vingtaine de centimètres et à angle d'évasement valant quelque 2° (supérieur à celui de la tuyère centrale), est montée dans la prolongation de la tuyère centrale 1. La différence de section des deux bases 3 et 5 de la pièce conique 4 est choisie telle que la vitesse du gaz porteur soit comparable à celle des particules solides à l'embouchure 5. - Etant donné la faible longueur de la pièce conique 4, la vitesse des particules solides varie peu.- In fig. 1 there is a part of a nozzle 1, connected to a source (not shown) of solid particles and gas and guiding the jet of carrier gas / solid materials 2. At the mouth 3 of the central nozzle 1, the gas carrier has a speed V1 greater than 300 m / s while the speed V2 of the granules of solid material is less than 200 m / s. A truncated conical piece 4, of a length of about twenty centimeters and with a flaring angle worth some 2 ° (greater than that of the central nozzle), is mounted in the extension of the central nozzle 1. The difference of section of the two bases 3 and 5 of the conical part 4 is chosen such that the speed of the carrier gas is comparable to that of the solid particles at the mouth 5. - Given the short length of the conical part 4, the speed of the particles solids varies little.

Une tuyère 8, reliée à un source de gaz sous prèssion (non représentée), est concentrique à la tuyère centrale 1 et forme enveloppe autour de celle-ci. Elle présente, vers l'embouchure du dispositif, des parois intérieures et extérieures parallèles, de sorte à créer un flux de gaz 10 sensiblement parallèle. Le gaz 10 jouant le rôle d'écran est de préférence de même nature que le gaz porteur et possède, en passant entre les parois parallèles, une vitesse ou bien proche de celle du gaz porteur après le passage de celui-ci à travers la pièce conique 4, ou bien supersonique (moyennant l'adjonction d'une tuyère de Laval annulaire, tel qu'indiqué en pointillé - référence 12- sur la fig. 1). Pour éviter que la pièce conique 4 ne soit, de par sa forme divergente, la source de turbulences dans le gaz 10, celle-ci est avantageusement prolongée par une pièce cylindrique 6, dont la paroi s'amincit vers son embouchure 7.A nozzle 8, connected to a gas source under pressure (not shown), is concentric with the central nozzle 1 and forms an envelope around the latter. It has, towards the mouth of the device, parallel interior and exterior walls, so as to create a gas flow 10 that is substantially parallel. The gas 10 acting as a screen is preferably of the same nature as the carrier gas and has, passing between the parallel walls, a speed or very close to that of the carrier gas after the passage of the latter through the room. conical 4, or else supersonic (by means of the addition of an annular Laval nozzle, as indicated in dotted lines - reference 12- in fig. 1). To prevent the conical part 4 from being, by its divergent form, the source of turbulence in the gas 10, the latter is advantageously extended by a cylindrical part 6, the wall of which tapers towards its mouth 7.

Dans la variante d'exécution représentée, le conduit qui guide le mélange de gaz porteur/particules solides fait à l'approche de son embouchure également office de paroi intérieure de la tuyère formant enveloppe. Il est avantageux de placer l'embouchure 7 du conduit qui guide le mélange de gaz porteur/particules solides en retrait de l'embouchure 9 de la tuyère 8 qui forme enveloppe. Ceci permet de souffler lors de l'affinage et entre les phases de recarburation uniquement du gaz (ayant un rôle de refroidissement et de protection contre les éclaboussures de scories et de métal) à travers la tuyère 8. Le gaz utilisé peut être neutre ou oxydant; lorsqu'il est oxydant, une légère surpression doit être maintenue à l'intérieur de la tuyère 1. Lors des phases de recarburation, il est indiqué de choisir un gaz-écran neutre.In the alternative embodiment shown, the conduit which guides the mixture of carrier gas / solid particles also approaches the mouth as the inner wall of the nozzle forming the envelope. It is advantageous to place the mouth 7 of the conduit which guides the mixture of carrier gas / solid particles set back from the mouth 9 of the nozzle 8 which forms an envelope. This makes it possible to blow during the refining and between the recarburization phases only of the gas (having a cooling role and of protection against splashes of slag and metal) through the nozzle 8. The gas used can be neutral or oxidizing ; when it is oxidizing, a slight overpressure must be maintained inside the nozzle 1. During the recarburization phases, it is advisable to choose a neutral screen gas.

La lance -comporte en outre plusieurs tuyères (non représentées), disposées à égale distance autour de la tuyère centrale, fournissant les jets d'oxygène d'affinage. Ces jets d'oxygène sont inclinés d'un angle déterminé X par rapport à l'axe de la lance. Dans une première zone, proche de la tête de lance, l'effet d'aspiration des jets d'oxygène d'affinage et le flux de cisaillement 11 qui en résulte, perturbe principalement le flux de gaz-écran sans trop élargir et perturber le jet de gaz porteur/matières solides, qui garde donc ses propriétés de pénétration. L'angle X détermine l'étendue d'une deuxième zone, située dans le prolongement de la première zone et qui est caractérisée par la présence simultanée de gaz (gaz porteur, gaz écran et oxygène d'affinage) de gouttes d'acier en provenance du bain et de matiére carbonifère pulvérulente. Ce sont finalement tous les paramètres gouvernant la largeur de cette deuxième zone qui influent sur la dissolution des particules de charbon dans l'acier liquide dans une troisième zone, située dans le prolongement des première et deuxième zones et dont la limite supérieur est la surface du bain d'acier.The lance also comprises several nozzles (not shown), arranged at equal distance around the central nozzle, supplying the refining oxygen jets. These oxygen jets are inclined at a determined angle X relative to the axis of the lance. In a first zone, close to the lance head, the suction effect of the refining oxygen jets and the shear flow 11 which results therefrom, mainly disturbs the flow of gas-screen without excessively enlarging and disturbing the carrier gas / solid matter jet, which therefore retains its penetrating properties. The angle X determines the extent of a second zone, located in the extension of the first zone and which is characterized by the simultaneous presence of gas (carrier gas, screen gas and refining oxygen) of steel drops in origin of the bath and of powdery carboniferous material. It is ultimately all the parameters governing the width of this second zone which influence the dissolution of the coal particles in the liquid steel in a third zone, located in the extension of the first and second zones and the upper limit of which is the surface of the steel bath.

Claims (10)

1. Dispositif d'adaptation pour tuyère (1) d'accélération de particules solides, en particulier de matière carbonifère pulvérulente destinée à recarburer un bain d'acier, la dite tuyère étant reliée à une source de gaz et de particules solides, caractérisé en ce que la tuyère (1) d'accélération est prolongée par une pièce (4) dont l'angle d'évasement est supérieur à celui de la tuyère d'accélération et en ce qu'elle est entourée vers son embouchure par une deuxième tuyère (8) formant enveloppe et reliée à une source de gaz.1. Adaptation device for a nozzle (1) for accelerating solid particles, in particular pulverulent carboniferous material intended for recarburizing a steel bath, said nozzle being connected to a source of gas and solid particles, characterized in that the acceleration nozzle (1) is extended by a part (4) whose flare angle is greater than that of the acceleration nozzle and in that it is surrounded towards its mouth by a second nozzle (8) forming an envelope and connected to a gas source. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tuyère (8) formant enveloppe a ses parois intérieure et extérieure parallèles vers son embouchure.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle (8) forming an envelope has its inner and outer walls parallel towards its mouth. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tuyère (8) formant enveloppe constitue, en amont de l'embouchure, une tuyère de Laval (12) annulaire.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle (8) forming an envelope constitutes, upstream of the mouth, a Laval nozzle (12) annular. 4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pièce (4) dont l'angle d'évasement est supérieur à celui de la tuyère (1) d'accélération est un cône tronqué.4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the part (4) whose flare angle is greater than that of the acceleration nozzle (1) is a truncated cone. 5. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la pièce (4) dont l'angle d'évasement est supérieur à celui de la tuyère (1) d'accélération a une longueur comprise entre 10 et 50 cm.5. Device according to one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the part (4) whose angle of flare is greater than that of the nozzle (1) of acceleration has a length between 10 and 50 cm. 6. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit angle d'évasement vaut quelque 2°.6. Device according to one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that said flare angle is worth 2 °. 7. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la pièce (4) dont l'angle d'évasement est supérieur à celui de la tuyère (1) d'accélération est prolongée par une pièce (6) en forme de tube.7. Device according to one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the part (4) whose flare angle is greater than that of the acceleration nozzle (1) is extended by a shaped part (6) of tube. 8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la pièce (6) en forme de tube est un cylindre dont la paroi s'amincit vers son embouchure (7).8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the part (6) in the form of a tube is a cylinder whose wall tapers towards its mouth (7). 9. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'embouchure (7) du conduit (1,4,6) qui guide les particules solides est placée en retrait de l'embouchure (9) de la tuyère (8) formant enveloppe.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the mouth (7) of the conduit (1,4,6) which guides the solid particles is placed back from the mouth (9) of the nozzle ( 8) forming an envelope. 10. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tuyère (8) formant enveloppe est reliée, par l'intermédiaire de fentes prévues dans la tuyère (1) d'accélération, à la source de gaz alimentant la tuyère (1) d'accélération.10. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle (8) forming an envelope is connected, by means of slots provided in the acceleration nozzle (1), to the source of gas supplying the nozzle (1) acceleration.
EP85630080A 1984-05-15 1985-05-14 Lance for accelerating solid particles Expired - Lifetime EP0165198B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85630080T ATE54335T1 (en) 1984-05-15 1985-05-14 LANCE FOR ACCELERATING SOLID PARTICLES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU85363 1984-05-15
LU85363A LU85363A1 (en) 1984-05-15 1984-05-15 ADAPTER DEVICE FOR SOLID PARTICLE ACCELERATION NOZZLE

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EP0165198A2 true EP0165198A2 (en) 1985-12-18
EP0165198A3 EP0165198A3 (en) 1987-03-18
EP0165198B1 EP0165198B1 (en) 1990-07-04

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EP (1) EP0165198B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6112814A (en)
KR (1) KR930001328B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE54335T1 (en)
AU (1) AU569620B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8502209A (en)
CA (1) CA1278679C (en)
DE (1) DE3578531D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8608113A1 (en)
FI (1) FI77473C (en)
IN (1) IN164290B (en)
LU (1) LU85363A1 (en)
NO (1) NO165929C (en)
PT (1) PT80469B (en)
ZA (1) ZA853446B (en)

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EP0226912A2 (en) * 1985-12-23 1987-07-01 Arbed S.A. Method of making high-quality steel

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JPH0730527Y2 (en) * 1987-09-05 1995-07-12 義正 笠倉 Packaging cans
US5576495A (en) * 1995-10-23 1996-11-19 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Two phase flow meter
RU2145644C1 (en) * 1998-11-05 2000-02-20 Дикун Юрий Вениаминович Method and device for producing coat from powder materials
AT408348B (en) * 1999-12-20 2001-10-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING A GAS IN A METALLURGICAL VESSEL

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GB911545A (en) * 1958-03-03 1962-11-28 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech An arrangement for imparting a high velocity to particles suspended in a gas
AT225213B (en) * 1960-05-27 1963-01-10 Oesterr Alpine Montan Method and device for introducing additives into carbonaceous iron baths
FR1322636A (en) * 1961-05-18 1963-03-29 Brassert Oxygen Technik Ag Process for injecting solid, liquid or gaseous fluxes during the conduct of metallurgical operations and blowing installations allowing the implementation of this process
FR2432552A1 (en) * 1978-08-03 1980-02-29 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Immersion lance consisting of two concentric tubes - esp. for injecting powder into molten iron or steel and using two tubes with the same outlet bore dia.
EP0081448B1 (en) * 1981-12-04 1986-09-10 Arbed S.A. Process and apparatus for refining a metal bath containing solid cooling materials
EP0109916A1 (en) * 1982-10-22 1984-05-30 MecanARBED Dommeldange S.à r.l. Apparatus for delivering gaseous and solid materials to a bath of molten metal by way of refining
EP0110806A1 (en) * 1982-10-27 1984-06-13 Arbed S.A. Regulating system for delivering solid materials to a blowing lance
EP0125198A1 (en) * 1983-03-11 1984-11-14 Arbed S.A. Apparatus for accelerating solid particles

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0226912A2 (en) * 1985-12-23 1987-07-01 Arbed S.A. Method of making high-quality steel
EP0226912A3 (en) * 1985-12-23 1989-04-26 Arbed S.A. Method of making high-quality steel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4246285A (en) 1985-11-21
JPS6112814A (en) 1986-01-21
EP0165198B1 (en) 1990-07-04
EP0165198A3 (en) 1987-03-18
DE3578531D1 (en) 1990-08-09
IN164290B (en) 1989-02-11
AU569620B2 (en) 1988-02-11
CA1278679C (en) 1991-01-08
PT80469A (en) 1985-06-01
BR8502209A (en) 1986-01-14
PT80469B (en) 1987-08-19
KR930001328B1 (en) 1993-02-26
ES543148A0 (en) 1986-06-01
FI851930L (en) 1985-11-16
NO851931L (en) 1985-11-18
NO165929B (en) 1991-01-21
ZA853446B (en) 1986-01-29
NO165929C (en) 1991-05-02
FI851930A0 (en) 1985-05-15
US4655647A (en) 1987-04-07
ATE54335T1 (en) 1990-07-15
KR850008632A (en) 1985-12-21
FI77473B (en) 1988-11-30
FI77473C (en) 1989-03-10
ES8608113A1 (en) 1986-06-01
LU85363A1 (en) 1986-01-29

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