EP0160581A1 - Antennengruppe und Radar mit geringer Störungsempfindlichkeit - Google Patents

Antennengruppe und Radar mit geringer Störungsempfindlichkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0160581A1
EP0160581A1 EP85400338A EP85400338A EP0160581A1 EP 0160581 A1 EP0160581 A1 EP 0160581A1 EP 85400338 A EP85400338 A EP 85400338A EP 85400338 A EP85400338 A EP 85400338A EP 0160581 A1 EP0160581 A1 EP 0160581A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
memories
memory
phase
stored
network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85400338A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0160581B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Durand
Roland Trigon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0160581B1 publication Critical patent/EP0160581B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H01Q3/2611—Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling
    • H01Q3/2617—Array of identical elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters

Definitions

  • the invention relates mainly to anti-jamming devices and methods for a network antenna and radar with reduced interference sensitivity.
  • the invention mainly consists in storing the desired phase laws of a network antenna in memories.
  • the phase laws being chosen, the invention is particularly advantageous for creating zones of reduced sensitivity, which will be called holes in the rest of this patent, in the antenna radiation diagram.
  • the phase laws stored in the memories take account of the quantization errors and / or of the properties specific to each phase-shifter with digital control.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to avoid the drawbacks of the device of the prior art. In addition, it is easy to create several holes and thus obtain the simultaneous rejection of numerous parasites such as jammers or ground echoes.
  • the device according to the invention easily adapts to all radars comprising a network antenna, for example to tracking radars as well as standby speed cameras.
  • the main object of the invention is an anti-jamming method for a network antenna, characterized in that phase laws are stored in memories comprising zones of reduced sensitivity in the radiation diagram; when jammers are detected, the network phase law is used for which the directions of reduced sensitivity correspond to the directions of the detected jammers.
  • the invention also relates to a network antenna comprising memories in which are stored desired phase laws of the network, characterized in that said network laws create zones of reduced sensitivity in the radiation diagram.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 the same references have been used to designate the same elements.
  • the antenna comprises a device 3 for supplying microwave energy, connected to a series of n phase shifters 21 to 2n themselves connected to n radiating elements 1I to ln.
  • the radiating elements are helices, it being understood that other radiating elements such as, for example, candles, horns, dipoles or linear networks, do not depart from the scope of the present invention.
  • the phase shifters at 21 to 2n are connected to a memory 4.
  • the memory 4 is connected to an addressing circuit 6 by an address bus 5.
  • the addressing circuit 6 is connected to a computer 8 by a bus 7.
  • Memory 4 is for example of the program read only memory type.
  • Mable PROM in English terminology
  • EPROM or EEPROM reprogrammable read-only memory
  • EEPROM electrically reprogrammable read-only memory
  • the memory 4 are stored the phase laws which it is desired to obtain with the antenna according to the invention.
  • Parasitic receptions can come from parasitic echoes (clutter in English terminology) or from enemy jammers.
  • the holes are placed at the places where one expects to have clutter or jammers, for example on the horizon.
  • phase laws are stored in memory 4 and the optimal phase law for the present situation is chosen using the computer 8.
  • phase shifters 21 to 2n are with analog controls, there is interposed between the memory 4 and the phase shifters 21 to 2n of the digital-analog converters.
  • Storing the desired phase laws in a memory 4 makes it possible to avoid real-time calculations of these phase laws. In addition, these calculations are carried out only once.
  • the calculated phase laws take account of the quantization errors due to the use of phase-shifters with digital control, for example five bits.
  • the values stored in memory 4 take account of the real phase shifts obtained with each phase shifter and the proper responses of each phase shifter used. Thus in the case where one or more phase shifters are replaced as a result of failure for example, the values contained in memory 4, or memory 4 itself, are replaced.
  • FIG. 2 an embodiment of the invention can be seen comprising a first memory 33 in which are stored, for example the phase laws of the network antenna and a memory 34 in which the corrections necessary for the result are stored longed for.
  • a computer 8 controls an addressing circuit 6 via a bus 7.
  • the addressing circuit 6 controls the reading of memories 33 and 34 by address buses 39 and 38 respectively.
  • At the addresses transmitted by the addressing circuit 6 is stored in memories 33 and 34 the digital control value of a phase shifter corresponding to a pointing of the radar beam.
  • a computer 8 is connected to data buses 7, 36, 37 and 35 respectively to an addressing circuit 6, a memory 33, a memory 34 and to the interface with an operator.
  • the addressing circuit 6 is connected to the memories 33 and 34 respectively by the address buses 39 and 38.
  • the memory 33 is connected to an adder circuit 9 by a data bus 10, the addressing circuit 6 is connected to the adder 9 by a bus 31 the memory 34 is connected to the adder 9 by a data bus 32, the adder 9 is connected to a set of phase shifters 21 to 2n.
  • the phase shifters 21 to 2n are supplied with microwave energy by a supply device 3.
  • the supply device 3 is for example a beam comprising a waveguide.
  • the phase shifters 21 to 2n take the microwave energy from the waveguide using couplers not shown in the figure.
  • the phase shifters 21 to 2n are connected to the radiating elements respectively Il to ln.
  • the digital control values of the phase shifters are sent to a phase shifter, for example the phase shifter 21 and propagate gradually to the phase shifter 2n. It is therefore advantageous to enter the numerical control values phase shifters with an advance transmission cycle. Thus, simultaneously with the transmission of microwave energy, the digital control values necessary for the following transmission cycle propagate step by step between the phase shifters 21 to 2n.
  • a multiplexing device not shown is connected on the one hand to the adder 9 and on the other hand to the phase shifters 21 to 2n. This device directs each command value to the phase shifter for which it is intended.
  • an assembly 40 comprising the memories 33 and 34, the addressing circuit 6, the adder 9, and their interconnections is associated with each phase shifter 21 to 2n.
  • An operator wishing to obtain a pointing of the microwave energy beam with possibly corrections in the shape of the beam sends an order to the computer 8 by the data bus 35.
  • the computer 8 chooses the addresses at which, in memories 33 and 34, are stored the numerical control values of the phase shifters 21 to 2n.
  • the sum of the values contained in memory 33 and the values contained in memory 34 is equal to the control value to be applied to one of the phase shifters 21 to 2n.
  • the most significant bits are stored in a memory, memory 33 for example, the least significant bits (LSB in English terminology) are stored in the other memory, ie memory 34.
  • the memories 33 and 34 are not necessarily of the same type.
  • the memory 33 is a programmable read only memory (EROM in English terminology) while the memory 34 is an electrically reprogrammable read only memory (EEPROM in English terminology).
  • the desired radiation diagram is stored in the memory 33, including holes in these diagrams.
  • the computer 8 chooses a radiation diagram in which the holes correspond to the directions of said jammers.
  • a frequent case corresponds to distant jammers known as Stand Off, seen by the antenna as being on the horizon. In this case it is useless to measure the direction of the jammer. It is enough to correspond to the site of the horizon, 0 ° a hole in a radiation diagram.
  • the memory 34 contains corrections due to the individual behavior of the phase shifters.
  • EEPROM electrically reprogrammable read-only memories
  • in memory 33 are stored the radiation patterns of the antenna without the holes, while in memory 34 are stored the corrections due to the quantization of the digitally controlled phase shifters, the corrections due to the individual behavior phase shifters as well as the corrections making it possible to generate holes in the radiation pattern of the antenna.
  • the memory 34 is reprogrammed or replaced.
  • the computer 9 receives via the bus 35 the values relating to the behavior of the new phase shifter and through the bus 36 reads the memory 33.
  • the memory 34 is programmed by the bus 37.
  • An information storage device in memory 34 is adapted to the physical nature of this memory.
  • the holes created with the devices according to the invention have for example a depth of 50 dB for an antenna comprising 50 radiant elements.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio is improved by 15 dB.
  • the device according to the present invention comprises means (not shown) for detecting the directions of jammers.
  • the invention applies in particular to radar with electronic scanning.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP19850400338 1984-02-24 1985-02-22 Antennengruppe und Radar mit geringer Störungsempfindlichkeit Expired - Lifetime EP0160581B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8402859A FR2560447B1 (fr) 1984-02-24 1984-02-24 Antenne reseau et radar de sensibilite reduite au brouillage
FR8402859 1984-02-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0160581A1 true EP0160581A1 (de) 1985-11-06
EP0160581B1 EP0160581B1 (de) 1991-08-07

Family

ID=9301379

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850400338 Expired - Lifetime EP0160581B1 (de) 1984-02-24 1985-02-22 Antennengruppe und Radar mit geringer Störungsempfindlichkeit

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0160581B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3583696D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2560447B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0357165A2 (de) * 1988-08-31 1990-03-07 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Übertragungssystem von Phasenverschiebungsdaten in phasengesteuerten Gruppenantennengeräten
EP0367167A2 (de) * 1988-10-31 1990-05-09 Hughes Aircraft Company Verfahren und System zur Reduzierung von Phasenfehlern in einem Strahlsteuerungsregler für Radar mit phasengesteuerter Gruppenantenne
EP0417689A2 (de) * 1989-09-11 1991-03-20 Nec Corporation Phasengesteuerte Gruppenantenne mit Temperaturkompensation
GB2328320A (en) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-17 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Adaptive phased array antenna with weight memory
FR2888672A1 (fr) * 2005-07-18 2007-01-19 Mat Equipement Soc Par Actions Antenne a angle d'inclinaison et conformation du lobe de rayonnement reglables

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3697994A (en) * 1971-07-19 1972-10-10 Us Navy Automatic beam steering technique for cylindrical-array radar antennas
US3775769A (en) * 1971-10-04 1973-11-27 Raytheon Co Phased array system
US3925781A (en) * 1973-10-05 1975-12-09 Emerson Electric Co Digital modulation generator with cylindrical antenna array system
US4216475A (en) * 1978-06-22 1980-08-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Digital beam former
US4229739A (en) * 1978-11-29 1980-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Spread beam computational hardware for digital beam controllers
US4327417A (en) * 1980-06-06 1982-04-27 Martin Marietta Corporation Antenna scan pattern generator
FR2521354A1 (fr) * 1982-02-05 1983-08-12 Labo Cent Telecommunicat Antenne vhf monopulse a elimination de brouillage

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3680109A (en) * 1970-08-20 1972-07-25 Raytheon Co Phased array

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3697994A (en) * 1971-07-19 1972-10-10 Us Navy Automatic beam steering technique for cylindrical-array radar antennas
US3775769A (en) * 1971-10-04 1973-11-27 Raytheon Co Phased array system
US3925781A (en) * 1973-10-05 1975-12-09 Emerson Electric Co Digital modulation generator with cylindrical antenna array system
US4216475A (en) * 1978-06-22 1980-08-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Digital beam former
US4229739A (en) * 1978-11-29 1980-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Spread beam computational hardware for digital beam controllers
US4327417A (en) * 1980-06-06 1982-04-27 Martin Marietta Corporation Antenna scan pattern generator
FR2521354A1 (fr) * 1982-02-05 1983-08-12 Labo Cent Telecommunicat Antenne vhf monopulse a elimination de brouillage

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0357165A2 (de) * 1988-08-31 1990-03-07 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Übertragungssystem von Phasenverschiebungsdaten in phasengesteuerten Gruppenantennengeräten
EP0357165A3 (de) * 1988-08-31 1991-03-13 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Übertragungssystem von Phasenverschiebungsdaten in phasengesteuerten Gruppenantennengeräten
EP0367167A2 (de) * 1988-10-31 1990-05-09 Hughes Aircraft Company Verfahren und System zur Reduzierung von Phasenfehlern in einem Strahlsteuerungsregler für Radar mit phasengesteuerter Gruppenantenne
EP0367167A3 (de) * 1988-10-31 1991-03-13 Hughes Aircraft Company Verfahren und System zur Reduzierung von Phasenfehlern in einem Strahlsteuerungsregler für Radar mit phasengesteuerter Gruppenantenne
EP0417689A2 (de) * 1989-09-11 1991-03-20 Nec Corporation Phasengesteuerte Gruppenantenne mit Temperaturkompensation
EP0417689A3 (en) * 1989-09-11 1991-07-03 Nec Corporation Phased array antenna with temperature compensating capability
GB2328320A (en) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-17 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Adaptive phased array antenna with weight memory
GB2328320B (en) * 1997-08-04 2000-03-15 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Adaptive phased array antenna using weighting memory unit
FR2888672A1 (fr) * 2005-07-18 2007-01-19 Mat Equipement Soc Par Actions Antenne a angle d'inclinaison et conformation du lobe de rayonnement reglables
WO2007010164A2 (fr) * 2005-07-18 2007-01-25 Jaybeam Wireless Sas Antenne a conformation du lobe de rayonnement reglable
WO2007010164A3 (fr) * 2005-07-18 2007-04-12 Jaybeam Wireless Sas Antenne a conformation du lobe de rayonnement reglable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2560447A1 (fr) 1985-08-30
EP0160581B1 (de) 1991-08-07
FR2560447B1 (fr) 1988-04-08
DE3583696D1 (de) 1991-09-12

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