EP0158632A1 - Distributeur de gaz pour lits fluidises - Google Patents

Distributeur de gaz pour lits fluidises

Info

Publication number
EP0158632A1
EP0158632A1 EP19830903391 EP83903391A EP0158632A1 EP 0158632 A1 EP0158632 A1 EP 0158632A1 EP 19830903391 EP19830903391 EP 19830903391 EP 83903391 A EP83903391 A EP 83903391A EP 0158632 A1 EP0158632 A1 EP 0158632A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
gas distributor
casing
fluid bed
solids
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19830903391
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Neville David Ashman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
N D ASHMAN Ltd
Original Assignee
N D ASHMAN Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by N D ASHMAN Ltd filed Critical N D ASHMAN Ltd
Publication of EP0158632A1 publication Critical patent/EP0158632A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
    • F26B3/082—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed arrangements of devices for distributing fluidising gas, e.g. grids, nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B01J8/44—Fluidisation grids

Definitions

  • Gas distributor for fluidised beds INTRODUCTION Most fluid bed dryers are faced with complex design problems in introducing hot gases uniformly into a fluidising zone of solids.
  • the concept used is to form a barrier between the hot gas and fluidising zones, using a horizontal or slightly inclined plate into which gas passages are incorporated that control the uniform distribution of hot gases to the fluidising material.
  • This plate is sometimes constructed from wholly refractory material, or heat resisting steel or a combination of carbon steel and heat resisting steel and in each case allowance has to be made for thermal expansion of the component parts of the plate whilst maintaining a gas pressure seal between the hot gas and fluidising zones.
  • DESIGN CONCEPT Hot gas for the drying or heat treatment process is provided by a combustion system 2 mounted horizontally or vertically on one end of the treatment chamber arranged to pass the hot gases into a mixing chamber 1.
  • the hot gases from the combuster are mixed with cool dilution air in the mixing chamber to achieve the desired inlet hot gas temperature to the treatment process.
  • the mixing chamber is constructed preferably with a double steel shelled arrangement with the inner shell being refractory lined.
  • the cavity between the two shells is used to introduce the dilution; air so that the heat losses through the casing are minimised and the dilution air is preheated.
  • the hot gas distributor 3 is formed by a plurality of horizontal or slightly inclined tubes of typically 300mm to 400mm in diameter mounted on flanges in the lower half of the mixing chambers.
  • the tubes may be other than of circular cross-section, for example, they may be square or flat-topped. These tubes are constructed in heat resisting steel that will withstand the hot gas mixture without additional insulation or cooling, "Incaloy" being a typical material of construction.
  • In each tube are welded a number of distributor jets 4 that are capped to prevent the ingress of solids into the tube, whilst at the same time allowing a uniform distribution of hot gases over the whole length of the tube.
  • the jets are typically pitched at 100mm but different pitches can be selected to suit the need of the process. It is also possible to use a plurality of small holes instead of the capped jets again depending on the process requirements.
  • the jets or holes in the tubes create an even distribution of the hot gases exiting along the tube length to provide uniform fluidising conditions.
  • the fixture of the tubes at the mixing chamber end is by flanges on the tubes being bolted to mounting spigots at the hot air end of the casing and because this is the only mounting, the tubes are free to expand towards the discharge end of the dryer without further restriction.
  • the tube weight is taken on simple cross support members 5 .
  • the lower casing 6 of the dryer is constructed in carbon steel and is a simple enclosure without refractory or insulating material, a necessary requirement in most other plenum chambers.
  • the dryer top casing 7 is again a simple carbon steel construction into which the material feed chute and dryer gas outlet are mounted.
  • the material to be processed enters into the feed chute in the top casing and initially fills the voids in the lower casing below and between the distributor tubes.
  • This static layer of material forms an adequate insulation effect between the tubes and casing.
  • a prepacked loose fill of an inert material can be used to pre-load the lower casing. Simple keep plates between the tubes can be added to reduce the contamination between the inert charge and the material being processed.
  • the incoming material is fluidised in the lower chamber immediately above the tubes at a controlled depth to suit the treatment process.
  • the fluidised material passed uniformly along the length of the vessel and is discharged through an opening at end remote from the mixing chamber.
  • the method of controlled discharge may be a weir or plug flowsystem, both of which are well known on dryers using the fluid bed principle.
  • the gases leave the dryer through the off-take duct in the upper casing and pass to dust collection equipment.
  • the hot gases leaving the combustion chamber are between 1400°C and 1600°C and after dilution In the mixing chamber the inlet temperature would be 850°C or less, typically 800°C.
  • the pressure of the gas in the mixing chamber would be approximately 25 to 30" W.G.
  • the hot gases pass through the tube distributor system which has a pressure drop of about 10" W.G. at the operating temperature and the fluid bed solids will have a temperature of between 60°C and 140°C depending on the degree of drying required.
  • the bed depth of fluidised material is between 6" and 12".
  • ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION Simpler, troublefree distributor construction which requires no refactory or air cooling and no expansion allowance.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

On fait passer des gaz chauds provenant d'un système de combustion au travers d'une pluralité de tubes horizontaux ou légèrement inclinés (3) dans lesquels un grand nombre de gicleurs de distribution (4) sont adaptés et régulent l'écoulement de gaz chaud dans un lit fluidisé de solides. Les tubes sont montés à une extrémité pour leur permettre de se dilater librement sans qu'il y ait de fuites de gaz chaud. Les espaces entre les tubes permettent aux solides de passer entre eux et forment une couche statique protégeant l'enveloppe de la chambre du lit fluidisé. Ces solides peuvent être constitués par un matériau en cours de traitement ou un autre matériau plus approprié à l'isolation. Le distributeur à tubes constitue un système simple et fiable pour la distribution de gaz chaud dans un lit fluidisé et élimine de nombreux problèmes associés aux distributeurs des types à plaque d'acier, à voûte réfractaire et à plaques multiples refroidies par air.
EP19830903391 1983-10-14 1983-10-14 Distributeur de gaz pour lits fluidises Withdrawn EP0158632A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/GB1983/000261 WO1985001674A1 (fr) 1983-10-14 1983-10-14 Distributeur de gaz pour lits fluidises

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0158632A1 true EP0158632A1 (fr) 1985-10-23

Family

ID=10535968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830903391 Withdrawn EP0158632A1 (fr) 1983-10-14 1983-10-14 Distributeur de gaz pour lits fluidises

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0158632A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985001674A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI37268A (fi) * 1965-12-23 1967-10-10 Outokumpu Oy Leiju- eli pyörrekerrosuunin arina
GB1368094A (en) * 1971-08-09 1974-09-25 Dorr Oliver Inc Fluidized bed apparatus
GB1419811A (en) * 1973-06-08 1975-12-31 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Fluidised bed apparatus
US4085516A (en) * 1976-09-30 1978-04-25 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Fluidized bed drying process for porous materials
GB2073041B (en) * 1980-04-03 1983-11-23 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Fluidised bed distributor plates

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8501674A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1985001674A1 (fr) 1985-04-25

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Legal Events

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Effective date: 19850717

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: ASHMAN, NEVILLE, DAVID