EP0157558B1 - Procédé et appareil de teinture de fils textiles - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de teinture de fils textiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0157558B1
EP0157558B1 EP19850302006 EP85302006A EP0157558B1 EP 0157558 B1 EP0157558 B1 EP 0157558B1 EP 19850302006 EP19850302006 EP 19850302006 EP 85302006 A EP85302006 A EP 85302006A EP 0157558 B1 EP0157558 B1 EP 0157558B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
yarns
drying
colorant
compared
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19850302006
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0157558A1 (fr
Inventor
Paul B. Blalock
William C. Schwartz
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BGF INDUSTRIES Inc (a Delaware Corporation)
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BGF INDUSTRIES Inc (a Delaware Corporation)
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Publication of EP0157558A1 publication Critical patent/EP0157558A1/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/0093—Treatments carried out during or after a regular application of treating materials, in order to get differentiated effects on the textile material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/002—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of moving yarns

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a process and apparatus for coloring textile yarns to produce a tone-on-tone or striated appearance when such yarns are utilized to form a woven fabric.
  • the yarns of the present invention produce a very noticeable and aesthetically pleasing tone-on-tone, striated, or heather-like appearance.
  • Fabrics of this type find particular utility for window shades and vertical blinds, or as facings for wall covering or other decorative purposes.
  • a textile yarn is coated or otherwise brought into contact with a colorant-containing liquid. Subsequently, the coated yarn is dried so that one portion of the yarn surface is dried at a faster rate than the drying rate of another portion of the yarn surface.
  • Such a differential drying rate between the yarn surface portions will effect migration of the colorant to that portion of the yarn surface dried at a faster drying rate to a degree sufficient to achieve a visually perceptive darker color hue thereat when compared to other yarn surface portions. Twisting of the yarn during packaging and/orweaving will randomly distribute the darker color hue surface along the yarn's length. Thus, woven fabrics of the twisted yarn will be visually striated in coloring appearance.
  • One conventional process utilized in Europe reportedly involves the package dyeing of glass sliver yarns to produce a tone-on-tone colored yarn.
  • Package dyeing is a process in which a dyebath is pumped under pressure through a package of yarn wound on a perforated tube. The dyebath solution is thus forceably pumped through the cross-section of the yarn package.
  • the yarn produced in this conventional manner is not without its problems, however. Considerable variation in color over the cross-section of the yarn package may occur, the color becoming progressively lighter towards the low pressure side of the yarn package. Since the yarn packages are small (e.g. averaging about 4-5 pounds) there may also be undesirable color variation from package to package.
  • United States Patent 3,775,054 discloses a process whereby yarns with random color variation can be produced by applying dye using a rotating brush member.
  • the differential speed between the linear speed of the rotating brush tips and the linear speed of the moving yarns determines the blending effect of the applied dye with respect to the basic color characteristics of the yarns.
  • United States Patent 3,950,132 disclose a random dyeing method wherein the yarns are laid in a zig-zag fashion and passed through a pair of dye- application rollers.
  • United States Patent 4,0$7,242 relates to a method of providing variegated dyed yarns which includes, in a preliminary step, passing a partially oriented polyester feeder yarn over a surface which is wetted with a liquid reagent.
  • the liquid reagent alters the affinity of the yarn to a disperse dye and thus when the feeder yarn is dyed, the area treated with the reagent will be intermittently darker due to the increased dye affinity thereof.
  • United States Patent 4,246,668 discloses a process wherein a number of webs of material are guided in a side-by-side fashion between treatment rollers.
  • the treatment pressure is set differently at individual longitudinal portions of the roller nip so that the web of material is exposed to different treatment pressure at different points with the result that dye or other finishes are forced out of those portions of the web subjected to the greatest pressure and into those portions subjected to the least pressure.
  • United States Patent 2,823,092 discloses a method whereby so-called “marbled” open-width cloth can be produced by compressing the cloth width-wise into a rope form and subsequently passing the compressed cloth while in such rope form lengthwise through a padding zone.
  • the surface of a cloth in the padding zone will therefore acquire a random localized application of multi- tone color in spaced isolated portions thereof so as to establish the "marbled" appearance when the cloth is subsequently reopened to its full width.
  • United States Patent 3,644,969 discloses a method whereby thermoplastic yarn can be fed into a confined space so as to form a long stack of uniform cross-section of folded yarn. A dye solution is then fed at different locations to the same cross-section of the stack so the resulting intensity of the color of the yarn due to each dye falls off across the stack from the point of application.
  • United States Patent 3,726,640 discloses a method wherein color patterns can be formed on e.g. carpets by application of dye droplets in an equal volume over the surface of the carpet breadth.
  • a method of producing a colored textile yarn comprising the steps of:
  • the method of the present invention is capable of providing a novel process for producing striated or tone-on-tone colored textile yarns for weaving into fabrics so that the resulting woven fabrics exhibit a notable tone-on-tone, striated, or heather-like appearance.
  • a striated colored yarn which is consistent in color and which exhibits a large degree of contrast between the dark and light areas of the yarn can be produced.
  • various weights and yarn sizes can be processed to produce a striated colored textile yarn of the present invention.
  • the striated colored textile yarn of the present invention can be produced in virtually unlimited package sizes and exhibits good light fastness and heat stability. Other desired properties including durability to washing, flame retardancy, water, stain and abrasion resistances can be imparted to the yarn in dependence upon the selected components of the yarn treatment bath.
  • Virtually all textile yarns can be treated in the manner of the present invention.
  • natural yarns of cotton, synthetic yarns of polyester or nylon and blends of such natural and synthetic yarns can be advantageously treated in accordance with the present invention so long as the textile yarns are capable of absorbing a colorant-containing liquid.
  • the "colorant" in the liquid can be either a dyestuff (natural and/or synthetic) or a pigment.
  • a resin component in the liquid to act as a binder for the pigments to ensure proper adhesion to the textile yarn.
  • the glass sliver yarns are preferably contacted with a pigmented resin bath comprising an acrylic resin, suitable pigments for coloring, and other auxiliary chemical components including silane, surfactants, and softeners.
  • the yarns are then dried according to the present invention, for example, by means of a heated cylinder, to promote pigment migration to that side of the yarn in direct contact with the cylinder.
  • the colored yarn exiting the drying cylinder has a ribbon-like form with one side being noticeably darker in color hue when compared to the other side thereof.
  • other synthetic and natural textile yarns could also be treated by a nonresinous dye bath suitable for the particular yarns utilized so long as the "differential" drying rate is maintained to cause colorant migration towards the heat source (e.g. to the yarn side adjacent the heated drum).
  • the treated yarn is then wound on a conventional package (e.g. yarn package core) suitable for weaving.
  • a conventional package e.g. yarn package core
  • Varying degrees of color contrast can be achieved by altering the components in the pigmented liquid bath and by utilizing different temperatures on the drying cylinder.
  • the process for producing a striated or tone-on-tone colored textile yarn is dependent on the ability of the colorant component of the liquid to migrate to specific areas of the yarn.
  • migration as used herein is meant to refer to the movement of dye or pigment from one area of the yarn or fabric to another. Many factors have been found to influence colorant migration, including the affinity of the yarn for the dye or pigment, the nature of the dyes or pigments involved, the nature of the finish components, the manner in which the finish is applied, and most important, the manner in which the material is dried and the drying temperature.
  • glass yarns do not have a natural affinity for dyes or pigments, it is preferred to use a water-based resin bonded pigment system to color the glass yarns since the resin or binder holds the pigments on the glass filaments.
  • the technique for dying glass yarns is not unlike that of painting except that a pigmented resin bath for textile purposes is more fluid compared to a latex paint and the bath components are selected for desired effects.
  • Various resins or binders may be advantageously used according to the present invention including polymers or copolymers of polyvinylchloride, polyvinylacetate, polyvinyl acrylates and latexes of butadiene styrene, polyester, polyethylene vinyl acetate, chlorinated polyethylene vinyl acetate, water based silicone elastomers or any combination of these.
  • Particularly preferred binders are selected from the acrylic copolymer group typically termed acrylic resins or latex resins.
  • Acrylic latexes have good adhesion to glass, are noted for good heat stability and lightfastness, and are also good pigment binders.
  • a wide variety of acrylic latexes are commercially available and may be selected for specific properties such as a soft hand, durability to washing or drycleaning, or for abrasion resistance.
  • the acrylic latex chosen may affect the degree of color migration. If the acrylic latex is cationic in nature, it will have an affinity for the negatively charged glass surface and be less prone to migrate. If the acrylic is too reactive at low temperatures, it may cure before the moisture is completely removed and before adequate migration is achieved. Preferred acrylic latexes should therefore be anionic or nonionic in nature and should not cure at temperatures below 250°F (120°C). At 250°F (120°C), the water will have evaporated and pigment migration will essentially be complete. The concentration of the acrylic latex may also influence migration.
  • a pigmented resin bath of 95 percent acrylic latex resin and 5 percent pigments will tend to migrate considerably less than a bath consisting of 4 percent resin and 5 percent pigments when processed in a similar manner.
  • Preferred concentrations of acrylic resin for treating e.g. glass sliver yarns according to the process of the present invention range from between about 2-25 percent (based upon the weight of the solids in the bath) with a more preferred range of between about 4-10 percent.
  • the primary purpose of the pigments is, of course, to achieve a desired color.
  • Organic pigments with good lightfastness including the phthalocyanine blues and greens, quinacridone reds, benzidine yellows, and carbon blacks are particularly preferred.
  • Inorganic pigments including iron oxide yellows, iron oxide reds, cadmium or chrome yellows and cobalt blues may also be used, but such inorganic pigments migrate under the conditions of the present invention to lesser degree than organic pigments.
  • Auxiliary chemicals may be added to the resin bath for improved processing or for added properties.
  • Softeners including polyethylene emulsions, silicones, expoxidized soybean oil and waxes may be added to improve the final hand of the yarn.
  • a silane coupling agent to help bond the resin and pigments to the glass surface for improved durability to crocking, abrasion, and washing.
  • Wetting agents, defoamers, delustering agents, fluorochemicals for water and stain epellancy, and various hand modifiers may be added to achieve desired results. These additives should not be used in excess otherwise the migration properties of the pigments in the bath may be masked.
  • An exemplary pigmented resin bath formulation suitable for use in the present invention includes:
  • Particularly preferred yarns suitable for coloring by the process and apparatus of this invention include glass sliver yarns.
  • a glass sliver yarn is a collection of numerous strands of glass filaments.
  • a particularly suitable glass sliver yarn is identified as 666 TEX and is manufactured by the Schuller Company in Europe and can be commercially obtained in the United States from Manville Sales Corporation.
  • the 666 TEX yarn consists of numerous glass filaments having a nominal diameter of 10 microns and lengths of 18-24 inches (46-41 cm). When these filaments are collected into a single strand, a yarn with a fluffy and almost texturized appearance is produced with random variations in the diameter and bulkiness of the yarn.
  • Another suitable glass sliver yarn is 333 TEX which has a diameter size about one-half that of the 666 TEX yarn.
  • glass sliver yarns as the particularly preferred yarns for treatment in accordance with the present invention
  • favorable results are also achieved when utilizing natural yarns (e.g. cotton), synthetic yarns (e.g. polyester or nylon) or blends thereof.
  • the particular colorant-containing bath utilized will of course depend upon the type of textile yarn being treated. It may thus be desirable to use a nonresinous dyestuff bath with certain textile yarns. The selection of a particular colorant-containing liquid for treating particular textile yarns is believed well within the skill of those in this art.
  • FIG 1 shows a dyeing apparatus 10 which is particularly suitable for the practice of the present invention and for describing the sequence of the processing steps involved.
  • the untreated yarn 12 is creeled from a standard yarn package 14 and passed into bath 16 containing the colorant liquid (hereinafter termed "finish"). Excess finish is squeezed from yarn 12 by rubber pad rolls 18, 20 and the wet yarn is then passed onto a heated cylinder 22 which is preferably driven by any suitable means (not shown) to effect movement of the yarn through the various processing stations.
  • the side of the yarn 12 facing away from the cylinder 22 is identified in the accompanying figures as “side a" while the side in direct contact with the cylinder 22 is identified as “side b". While the surface temperature of the cylinder is substantially uniform, the yarn itself is not dried uniformly.
  • the yarn 12 does not dry immediately nor is colorant migration instantaneous. For that reason, the yarn 12 is preferably maintained in contact with the heated surface of cylinder 22 until drying of yarn 12 is complete. Since the cylinder 22 is usually not large enough in diameter to complete drying of the yarn 12 in one revolution, the yarn 12 is preferably spiralled on the cylinder 22 for a number of turns. After each turn, the yarn 12 is pulled from cylinder 22 by an offset tensioning roll 24 which aids in tracking the yarn on the cylinder 22.
  • twisting of yarn 12 may naturally occur when it is wound onto package 30. Additional twisting of yarn 12 could be achieved, if desired by suitable mechanical twisting means (not shown) so as to further randomly distribute the darker color hue of side b along the length of yarn 12. Thus package 30 may itself exhibit a heather-like appearance from random portions of side b being exposed due to such twisting.
  • twisting means could also be positioned adjacent to a weaving machine so as to effect desired twisting of yarn 12 when creeled from package 30 during fabric production, if desired.
  • Figure 2 schematically depicts an exemplary glass sliver yarn 12 colored by the process of the present invention, the yarn 12 being illustrated in a twisted state to show that side b is darker than side a.
  • a fabric woven with yarn 12 as a filler in the cross machine direction is shown in accompanying Figure 3.
  • the yarn of the present invention has a tendency to further twist or turn as it is inserted as fill into the fabric and thus different portions of the upper and lower yarn surfaces are visible on the fabric face. In effect, therefore, the twisting randomizes the dark and light color hues of the upper and lower yarn surfaces to give the pleasing heather-like appearance to the woven fabric.
  • twisting of the yarn may also occur as the yarn is transferred from the cylinder 22 to package 30.
  • the temperature of the heated cylinder 22 is an important factor in determining the degree of colorant migration and thus ultimately the degree of contrast between the dark and light areas in the colored yarn. Too low a surface temperature will result in little, if any, migration since the yarn would effectively be dried uniformly. Uniform drying of the yarn is to be avoided in accordance with the present invention. Too high a temperature on the other hand may destabilize the finish on the wet yarn and, for example, may cause the colorant to separate from the glass yarn surface when glass sliver yarns are utilized. The high temperature may also discolor some of the finish components or the starch-based binder typically applied to some yarns during manufacturing.
  • a preferred range of temperatures for colorant migration to occur in accordance with the present invention is about 250 degrees to about 450 degrees Fahrenheit (120 to 230°C) and an even more preferred temperature range is between about 300 degrees to about 350 degrees Fahrenheit (150 to 180°C).
  • Cylinder 22 shown in accompanying Figure 1 preferably has a diameter of about 30 inches although larger or smaller diameters can be employed, if desirable.
  • the surface of cylinder 22 is heated by means of steam in accordance with well known techniques. Depending on the steam pressure utilized, temperatures of 300-350 degrees Fahrenheit (150 to 180°C) can be obtained and controlled without difficulty employing control techniques believed well known to those in this art.
  • a 666 TEX glass sliver yarn obtained from Manville Sales Corporation, Denver, Colorado was padded with the above resin bath formula on an apparatus similar to that shown in accompanying Figure 1 at a pad pressure of 25 Ibs/sq. in (170 kPa).
  • the heated cylinder 22 steam can
  • the heated cylinder 22 was set at a temperature of 310°F (155°C) and the yarn was wrapped around the cylinder for the required number of turns so as to be in contact with the heated cylinder for a period of 2 minutes.
  • the completely dried and cured yarn was then wound onto a package.
  • the treated yarn was observed to be beige-tan in color and was about 30% darker in color on one side (e.g. the side that came into contact with the heated cylinder) when compared to the other side.
  • the yarn treated in this example was woven into a fabric style identified as Burlington Industries S/16003/666 (see Figure 3), the result was a fabric exhibiting a highly striated or tone-on-tone tan color.
  • a pigmented resin bath of the below composition was used:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Claims (16)

1. Procédé pour teindre ou colorer du fil textile de façon à produire du fil ayant d'un côté une nuance de couleur plus sombre en comparaison de l'autre côté du fil, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes consistant:
(a) à appliquer un liquide, contenant du colorant, aux surfaces de l'un et l'autre côtés précités du fil;
(b) à sécher ledit un côté du fil, à une vitesse de séchage qui est plus rapide que la vitesse de séchage dudit autre côté du fil, afin d'établir un gradient de vitesse de séchage entre lesdits premier et autre côtés; et
(c) à permettre au colorant se trouvant dans le liquide, appliqué selon l'étape (a), de migrer vers ledit premier côté du fil, en raison du gradient de vitesse de séchage établi selon l'étape (b), ladite migration donnant une nuance de couleur plus foncée sur ledit premier côté en comparaison dudit autre côté.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel on met en pratique l'étape (b) par les opérations consistant à:
(i) prévoir un tambour ayant une surface cylindrique externe;
(ii) chauffer la surface du tambour; et
(iii) mettre un côté du fil en contact avec la surface chauffée du tambour, de façon à sécher ce côté du fil à une vitesse plus rapide que celle de l'autre côté ou autre partie de ful, afin de provoquer la migration du colorant vers l'autre côté.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel on met en pratique l'opération de l'étape (ii) en chauffant la surface du tambour jusqu'à une valeur comprise entre 120° et 240°C (environ 250°F à environ 450°F).
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit fil textile est un fil de coton, de polyester, de "Nylon" ou est du fil d'un ruban de fibres de verre.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on met en pratique l'étape (a) en mettant le fil en contact avec un bain contenant le liquide comportant le colorant.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel ledit liquide comportant du colorant consiste essentiellement en un pigment organique et en au moins un composant résine choisi dans l'ensemble constitué par des polymères et copolymères du type poly(chlorure de vinyle), poly(acétate de vinyle), poly(acrylate de vinyle), et des latex d'élastomères de type butadiène-styrène, polyester, poly(éthylène/acétate de vinyle), poly(éthylène/acétate de vinyle) chloré, et du type silicone à base d'eau.
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit fil textile est un fil en forme de ruban de fibres de verre.
8. Bobine d'un fil teint ou coloré pour du tissage, que l'on obtient en:
(a) appliquant un liquide, contenant du colorant, aux surfaces de l'un et de l'autre côté du fil;
(b) séchant ledit un côté du fil à une vitesse de sechage qui est plus rapide que la vitesse de séchage de l'autre côté de fil, afin d'établir entre ce côté et l'autre, un gradient de vitesse de séchage;
(c) laissant le colorant présent dans le liquide appliqué selon l'étape (a) migrer vers ledit un côté du fil en raison du gradient de vitesse de séchage établi selon l'étape (b), ledite migration produisant une nuance de couleur plus foncée sur ledit un côté en comparaison de l'autre côté.
9. Procédé de production d'une étoffe textile tissée, comprenant les étapes consistant à:
(a) colorer ou teindre des fils textiles ayant des surfaces supérieure et inférieure de fil, de sorte que la surface inférieure du fil présente une nuance de couleur visuellement perceptible plus fondée que la surface supérieure de fil, ladite coloration ou teinture étant pratiquée par les étapes consistant;
(i) à appliquer un liquide contenant du pigment aux surfaces supérieure et inférieure de fil, et
(ii) à sécher la surface inférieure du fil à une vitesse plus rapide que la vitesse de séchage de la surface supérieure du fil pour provoquer la migration des pigments vers la surface inférieure du fil, à un degré suffisant pour créer une nuance de couleur perçue visuellement comme plus foncée sur la surface inférieure, en comparaison de la surface supérieure;
(b) tissant les fils ainsi teints pour former une étoffe textile tissée.
10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, comprenant en outre l'étape (c) consistant à soumettre les fils ainsi teints ou colorés à une torsion de sorte que la nuance de teinte plus foncée de la surface inférieure du fil est visuellement distribuée au hasard le long des fils.
11. Etoffe textile tissée produite par teinture de fils textiles ayant des surfaces supérieure et inférieure de fils, de sorte que la surface inférieure de fil présente une nuance de teinte visuellement perceptible plus foncée en comparaison de la surface supérieure du fil, ladite teinture ou coloration étant mise en pratique par les étapes consistant à:
(i) appliquer un liquide, contenant du pigment, aux surfaces supérieure et inférieure du fil, et
(ii) sécher la surface inférieure du fil à une vitesse supérieure à la vitesse de séchage de la surface supérieure du fil, pour provoquer la migration des pigments vers la surface inférieure du fil, à un degré suffisant pour créer une nuance visuellement perceptible de couleur plus foncée sur la surface inférieure, en comparaison de la surface supérieure; éventuellement à soumettre les fils colorés ou teints à torsion de façon que la nuance plus foncée de teinte de la surface inférieure de fil soit visuellement distribuée au hasard le long des fils, et
tisser les fils teints afin de former une étoffe textile tissée.
12. Appareil pour produire du fil textile ayant une surface présentant une nuance de teinte visuellement perceptible plus foncée en comparaison d'une autre surface du fil, ledit appareil comprenant en combinaison:
un dispositif de revêtement, pour revêtir lesdites une et autre surfaces du fil à l'aide d'un liquide contenant du colorant; et
un dispositif de séchage en aval dudit dispositif de revêtement, pour sécher ladite une ou première surface du fil à une vitesse de séchage supérieure à celle de ladite autre ou seconde surface du fil, afin d'établir un gradient de vitesse de séchage entre lesdites première et seconde surfaces de fil pour encourager en réponse une migration d'une forte proportion desdits colorants, présents dans ledit liquide, vers ladite première surface de fil, de manière que ladite première surface de fil présente une nuance de teinte visuellement perceptible plus foncée, en raison de la migration de colorant vers cette première surface, en comparaison de ladite autre ou seconde surface de fil.
13. Appareil selon la revendication 12, comprenant en outre, en amont dudit dispositif de revêtement, un dispositif de garnissage pour faire venir ledit fil vers ledit dispositif de revêtement, et, en aval dudit dispositif de séchage, un dispositif pour enrouler ledit fil en une bobine de fil.
14. Appareil selon la revendication 12 ou 13, dans lequel ledit dispositif de séchage comprend un tambour rotatif délimitant une surface cylindrique externe et un dispositif pour sécher ladite surface de tambour.
15. Appareil selon la revendication 14, comprenant en outre un dispositif tendeur, placé à une certaine distance dudit tambour, pour maintenir ladite première surface de fil en contact sous tension mécanique avec ladite surface cylindrique externe.
EP19850302006 1984-03-22 1985-03-22 Procédé et appareil de teinture de fils textiles Expired EP0157558B1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59229584A 1984-03-22 1984-03-22
US592295 1984-03-22

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EP0157558B1 true EP0157558B1 (fr) 1989-07-19

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH437180A (de) * 1965-08-11 1967-11-30 Friedrich Elsaesser Johann Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrfarbigen Garnes im Kontinueverfahren
NL6616070A (fr) * 1965-11-16 1967-05-17
US3921377A (en) * 1973-10-26 1975-11-25 E J Snyder & Co Inc Production of dyed fabrics
US4056353A (en) * 1976-03-26 1977-11-01 Bent Alfred H Textile finishing
GB2064597B (en) * 1979-12-05 1983-07-06 Courtaulds Ltd Process for colouring pile fabrics

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EP0157558A1 (fr) 1985-10-09

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