EP0148230A1 - Device for the discharge of pulsated exhaust gas under pressure, preferably from an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Device for the discharge of pulsated exhaust gas under pressure, preferably from an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
EP0148230A1
EP0148230A1 EP84902580A EP84902580A EP0148230A1 EP 0148230 A1 EP0148230 A1 EP 0148230A1 EP 84902580 A EP84902580 A EP 84902580A EP 84902580 A EP84902580 A EP 84902580A EP 0148230 A1 EP0148230 A1 EP 0148230A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
expansion
exhaust gas
exhaust gases
relaxation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84902580A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Oskar Dr.-Ing. Schatz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0148230A1 publication Critical patent/EP0148230A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
    • F02B37/10—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump at least one pump being alternatively or simultaneously driven by exhaust and other drive, e.g. by pressurised fluid from a reservoir or an engine-driven pump
    • F02B37/105—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump at least one pump being alternatively or simultaneously driven by exhaust and other drive, e.g. by pressurised fluid from a reservoir or an engine-driven pump exhaust drive and pump being both connected through gearing to engine-driven shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • Device for relaxing pulsating exhaust gases under pressure preferably an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention relates to a device for relieving pressurized, pulsating exhaust gases, preferably an internal combustion engine, with at least one expansion chamber and a piston oscillating in the expansion chamber, and an output connected to the piston.
  • exhaust gas energy that is already being used today is represented by exhaust gas-powered loaders for promoting the charge air in internal combustion engines.
  • exhaust gas-powered loaders for promoting the charge air in internal combustion engines.
  • the exhaust gases under pressure are produced in a pulsating form. With exhaust gases under constant pressure, pressure waves can be generated by a chopper.
  • oscillating pistons either linearly oscillating or rotationally oscillating, are relatively cheap, but require a high level of regulation so that the exhaust gas energy is only driving, but not braking.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the cost advantages of oscillating pistons can be exploited without complex control devices.
  • the output contains a directional clutch which is directed in such a way that it establishes a coupling connection in the direction of movement corresponding to the exhaust gas relaxation, and that the piston is assigned a restoring device which acts counter to the direction of expansion of the exhaust gases is not.
  • the device is provided with a return device.
  • a return device This can be, for example, a return spring, or alternatingly opposing exhaust gas admission to the piston or pistons can be provided.
  • an advantageous embodiment consists in that a directional clutch is assigned to each direction of relaxation and both directional clutches are connected by means of a reversing device to form the same output.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a device according to the invention in the form of an oscillating vane designed as an expansion charger for internal combustion engines
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a device according to the invention with a single-acting, linearly movable piston
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of one of the
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 has a housing 10 which encloses two chambers 12 and 14, each of which is sector-shaped in cross-section and which points with its tip against one another and in the region of the Sector tips are opened against a central roller 16 mounted in the housing 10, so that vanes 18 and 20 connected to the shaft 16 and serving as torsionally oscillating pistons in radial direction verge the chambers 12 and 14 up to their concentrically with the shaft 16 can cross the running outer wall 22 or 24.
  • the chambers 12 and 14 are divided into two subchambers 12a and 12b and 14a and 14b by these wings 18 and 20.
  • the subchambers 12a and 12b or 14a and 14b can be separated from one another by a very narrow gap or by suitable seals at the radially outer ends of the wings 18 and 20, respectively.
  • Each of the subchambers .12a, 12b, 14a and 14b is provided with at least one fluid connection 26, 28, 30, 32, which is arranged in such a way that the connection with the respectively assigned subchamber during the entire swing stroke of the vanes 18 and 20 remains.
  • the chambers 12 and 14 are assigned to one another in pairs, the one chamber, e.g. the chamber 12 is subjected to the hot exhaust gases from the combustion chamber of the engine, while the other chamber, i.e. e.g. the chamber 14 with which the charge air to be added to the combustion chamber is applied. Since either the subchambers 12a or 12b alternately increase their volume and, at the same time, the subchambers 14a or 14b alternately reduce their volume, one or the other of the subchambers 12a or 12b, namely the subchamber increasing their volume, alternates with the
  • the partial chamber 12a or 12b each increasing in volume, serves as a relaxation chamber, so that the wing 18 is alternately acted upon in one or the other direction with exhaust gas to be expanded.
  • This double-acting arrangement also serves as a reset device, because in relation to the relaxation stroke of the wing 18 in one direction, the relaxation stroke in the other direction represents a return movement of the wing 18.
  • a mechanical connection between the shaft 16 and the schematically illustrated output side 25 of the motor to be loaded is provided in the form of a belt drive 34.
  • the mechanical output is provided with a directional clutch in the form of a freewheel, designated as a whole by 36, the outer ring 38 of which can be connected to the output side 25 of the motor instead of via the belt drive 34, for example also via a gear transmission.
  • the movement of the vanes 18 and 20 can be transmitted to the output side of the motor in the direction of rotation which always remains the same. If the angular velocity of the loader in the selected direction of rotation is greater than the angular velocity of the part of the output connected to the motor output side 25, the device acts as a tensioner and it is transferred to the engine output by the exhaust gas relaxation.
  • a reversing device can also be provided in order to transmit the exhaust gas energy in both directions of the oscillating movement of the supercharger shaft 16 to the output side of the engine.
  • Fig. 2 shows an expansion device in flat piston construction, i.e. with a small piston stroke compared to the piston diameter and just as little expansion of the piston in the stroke direction.
  • a piston rod 46 guided outside the expansion chamber 40 at 42 and connected to the piston 44.
  • the piston rod 46 is supported in the relaxation direction by a spring 48 serving as a resetting device.
  • the expansion chamber 40 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 50 and an exhaust gas outlet 52.
  • the piston rod 46 is equipped with a toothed rack profile 54, which is in engagement with a gear 56, which is connected via a shaft 57 to the inner ring 59 of a freewheel 58, the outer ring 61 of which, e.g. a belt drive 63 is connected to an output gear 65 which sits on an output shaft 60.
  • the freewheel 58 transmits the relaxation stroke to the output shaft 60 as a directional clutch, but not the return movement of the piston 44 caused by the spring 48.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the flat piston design according to FIG. 2, in which, like in FIG. 1, the piston 44 can be acted upon with exhaust gas in both stroke directions. While in the variant after 2 the expansion chamber 40 is delimited by a cup-shaped housing 62 which is opened in the direction of relaxation and the piston 44 covering this opening, in the variant according to FIG. 3 a housing 64 which is closed on all sides and which is the piston is provided
  • the housing 64 in FIG. 3 is provided with four fluid connections which are distributed in pairs to both expansion chambers 68 and 70, namely exhaust gas inlets 76 and 78 and exhaust gas outlets 80 and 82.
  • the piston rod is 67 guided outside of the housing 64 at 84 and now provided on two opposite sides with a rack profile 86 and 88, respectively.
  • a pinion 90 engages in the rack profile 86 and a pinion 92 in the rack profile 88.
  • the pinions 90 and 92 are each connected in a rotationally fixed manner to parallel shafts 94 and 96, which in turn carry the inner ring 98 and 100 of freewheels 102 and 104 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the associated outer rings 106 and 108 are designed as sprockets and are in engagement with a common driven gear 110.
  • the freewheels 102 and 104 are designed for power transmission in the same direction of rotation, for example clockwise in FIG. 3.
  • the piston rod 67 moves upward clockwise while the pinion 90 is moved counterclockwise.
  • the movement of the pinion 92 is now transmitted via the freewheel 104 to the driven wheel 110, which is thus driven further clockwise, while the outer ring of the freewheel 102 runs loosely.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif de détente de gaz d'échappement sous pression et pulsés possède au moins une chambre de détente, un piston oscillant dans la chambre de détente, ainsi qu'une sortie reliée au piston et dans laquelle est intégré un couplage directionnel dirigé de manière à fabriquer une liaison de couplage dans la direction de déplacement correspondant à la détente des gaz d'échappement. S'il y a au moins deux chambres de détente pouvant fonctionner en sens inverse grâce aux gaz d'échappement, un couplage directionnel est affecté à chaque direction de détente et les deux couplages directionnels sont reliés au moyen d'un dispositif réversible pour former une sortie de même sens. Un dispositif de rappel agissant dans le sens opposé à la direction de détente des gaz d'échappement est adjoint au piston.A pressurized and pulsed exhaust gas expansion device has at least one expansion chamber, an oscillating piston in the expansion chamber, as well as an outlet connected to the piston and in which is integrated a directional coupling directed so as to making a coupling link in the direction of movement corresponding to the expansion of the exhaust gases. If there are at least two reciprocating expansion chambers using the exhaust gases, a directional coupling is assigned to each direction of expansion and the two directional couplings are connected by means of a reversible device to form a same meaning output. A return device acting in the direction opposite to the direction of expansion of the exhaust gases is added to the piston.

Description

Vorrichtung zur Entspannung unter Druck stehender, pulsierender Abgase, vorzugsweise eines Verbrennungs¬ motors. Device for relaxing pulsating exhaust gases under pressure, preferably an internal combustion engine.
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Entspannung unter Druck stehender, pulsierender Abgase, vorzugsweise eines Verbrennungsmotors, mit mindestens einer Entspan¬ nungskammer und einem in der Entspannungskammer oszil¬ lierenden Kolben, sowie einem mit dem Kolben verbundenen Abtrieb.The invention relates to a device for relieving pressurized, pulsating exhaust gases, preferably an internal combustion engine, with at least one expansion chamber and a piston oscillating in the expansion chamber, and an output connected to the piston.
Bei vielen technischen Prozessen fallen unter Druck ste¬ hende Abgase an, die bisher meist ungenutzt entweichen, weil der erforderliche apparative Aufwand zur wirtschaft- liehen Nutzung dieser meist geringwertigen Energie zu kostspielig ist. Ein Beispiel für die heute bereits praktizierte Nutzung von Abgasenergie stellen abgasbe¬ triebene Lader zur Förderung der Ladeluft bei Verbren¬ nungsmotoren dar. Bei Verbrennungsmotoren fallen die unter Druck stehen¬ den Abgase in pulsierender Form an. Bei unter konstan¬ tem Druck stehenden Abgasen können durch einen Zerhacker Druckwellen erzeugt werden.In many technical processes, pressurized exhaust gases occur, which have so far mostly escaped unused because the equipment required to economically use this mostly low-value energy is too expensive. An example of the use of exhaust gas energy that is already being used today is represented by exhaust gas-powered loaders for promoting the charge air in internal combustion engines. In internal combustion engines, the exhaust gases under pressure are produced in a pulsating form. With exhaust gases under constant pressure, pressure waves can be generated by a chopper.
Zur Nutzung der unter Druck stehenden, pulsierenden Ab¬ gase sind oszillierende, entweder linear schwingende oder drehschwingende Kolben relativ billig, erfordern aber einen hohen Regelaufwand, damit die Abgasenergie nur antreibend, nicht aber bremsend wirksam wird.To use the pulsating exhaust gases under pressure, oscillating pistons, either linearly oscillating or rotationally oscillating, are relatively cheap, but require a high level of regulation so that the exhaust gas energy is only driving, but not braking.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrich¬ tung der anfangs genannten Art so auszugestalten, daß die Kostenvorteile oszillierender Kolben ohne aufwendi- ge Regelungseinrichtung ausgenützt werden können.The invention is based on the object of designing a device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the cost advantages of oscillating pistons can be exploited without complex control devices.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht darin, daß der Abtrieb eine Richtungskupplung enthält, die derart gerichtet ist, daß sie eine Kup lungsVerbindung in der der Abgas- entspannung entsprechenden Bewegungsrichtung herstellt, und daß dem Kolben eine entgegen der Entspannungsrich- tung der Abgase wirkende Rückstelleinrichtung zugeord¬ net ist.The solution to this problem is that the output contains a directional clutch which is directed in such a way that it establishes a coupling connection in the direction of movement corresponding to the exhaust gas relaxation, and that the piston is assigned a restoring device which acts counter to the direction of expansion of the exhaust gases is not.
Durch diese Konstruktion wird ohne besonderen regelungs¬ technischen Aufwand der Abtrieb stets nur in der ge¬ wünschten Abtriebsrichtung mit der Entspannungsenergie beaufschlagt. Da wegen der Richtungskupplung die Rück¬ stellbewegung des Kolbens nicht direkt vom angetrie- benen Verbraucher aus veranlaßt werden kann, ist die Vorrichtung mit einer Rückstelleinrichtung versehen. Dabei kann es sich z.B. um eine Rückstellfeder handeln, oder es kann eine abwechselnd gegensinnige Abgasbeauf¬ schlagung des Kolbens oder der Kolben vorgesehen sein.With this construction, the expansion energy is always only acted upon with the relaxation energy in the desired output direction without any special technical control effort. Since, due to the directional coupling, the return movement of the piston cannot be initiated directly from the driven consumer, the device is provided with a return device. This can be, for example, a return spring, or alternatingly opposing exhaust gas admission to the piston or pistons can be provided.
Bei einer Vorrichtung mit mindestens zwei gegensinnig mit Abgas beaufschlagbaren Entspannungskammern besteht eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung darin, daß jeder Ent¬ spannungsrichtung eine Richtungskupplung zugeordnet ist und beide Richtungskupplungen mittels einer Reversierein- richtung zu gleichsinnigem Abtrieb verbunden sind.In the case of a device with at least two expansion chambers to which exhaust gas can be applied in opposite directions, an advantageous embodiment consists in that a directional clutch is assigned to each direction of relaxation and both directional clutches are connected by means of a reversing device to form the same output.
Anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungs¬ beispiele der Erfindung wird diese näher erläutert.The exemplary embodiments of the invention shown in the drawing will explain this in more detail.
Es zeigt:It shows:
Fig. 1 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine als Entspanner-Lader für Verbrennungsmotoren ausgebildete, erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in einer Schwingflügelbauform, Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer erfin¬ dungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einfachwirken¬ dem, linear beweglichen Kolben und Fig. 3 eine schematische Darstellung einer der1 shows a schematic cross section through a device according to the invention in the form of an oscillating vane designed as an expansion charger for internal combustion engines, FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a device according to the invention with a single-acting, linearly movable piston and FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of one of the
Variante nach Fig. 2 ähnlichen Ausführungs- form mit doppeltwirkendem Kolben und einer2 similar embodiment with double-acting piston and one
Reversiervorrichtung.Reversing device.
Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Vorrichtung besitzt ein Gehäuse 10, welches zwei im Querschnitt jeweils sektorförmige Kammern 12 und 14 umschließt, die mit ihrer Spitze gegeneinander gewandt sind und im Bereich der Sektorenspitzen gegen eine zentrale, im Gehäuse 10 gelagerte Walle 16 geöffnet sind, so daß mit der Welle 16 verbundene, als drehschwingende Kolben dienen¬ de Flügel 18 und 20 in radialer Richtung die Kammern 12 bzw. 14 bis zu deren zur Welle 16 konzentrisch ver¬ laufender Außenwand 22 bzw. 24 durchqueren können. Durch diese Flügel 18 und 20 werden die Kammern 12 bzw. 14 in jeweils zwei Teilkammern 12a und 12b bzw. 14a und 14b unterteilt. Die Teilkammern 12a und 12b bzw. 14a und 14b können durch einen sehr engen Spalt oder durch geeignete Dichtungen an den radial außen¬ liegenden Enden der Flügel 18 bzw. 20 voneinander ge¬ trennt sein.The device shown in FIG. 1 has a housing 10 which encloses two chambers 12 and 14, each of which is sector-shaped in cross-section and which points with its tip against one another and in the region of the Sector tips are opened against a central roller 16 mounted in the housing 10, so that vanes 18 and 20 connected to the shaft 16 and serving as torsionally oscillating pistons in radial direction verge the chambers 12 and 14 up to their concentrically with the shaft 16 can cross the running outer wall 22 or 24. The chambers 12 and 14 are divided into two subchambers 12a and 12b and 14a and 14b by these wings 18 and 20. The subchambers 12a and 12b or 14a and 14b can be separated from one another by a very narrow gap or by suitable seals at the radially outer ends of the wings 18 and 20, respectively.
Jede der Teilkammern .12a, 12b, 14a und 14b is mit min¬ destens einem Strömungsmittelanschluß 26, 28, 30, 32 versehen, der so angeordnet ist, daß die Verbindung mit der jeweils zugeordneten Teilkammer während des ge¬ samten Schwinghubs der Flügel 18 und 20 erhalten bleibt.Each of the subchambers .12a, 12b, 14a and 14b is provided with at least one fluid connection 26, 28, 30, 32, which is arranged in such a way that the connection with the respectively assigned subchamber during the entire swing stroke of the vanes 18 and 20 remains.
Jeweils zwei Kammern, im gezeigten Beispiel also die Kammern 12 und 14, sind paarweise einander zugeordnet, wobei die eine Kammer, z.B. die Kammer 12, mit den heißen Abgasen aus dem Brennraum des Motors beauf- schlagt wird, während die andere Kammer, also z.B. die Kammer 14, mit der dem Brennraum zuzufügrenden Lade¬ luft beaufschlagt wird. Da abwechselnd entweder die Teilkammern 12a oder 12b ihr Volumen vergrößern und zugleich abwechselnd die Teilkammern 14a oder 14b ihr Volumen verringern, wird abwechselnd die eine oder andere der Teilkammern 12a oder 12b, nämlich die je¬ weils ihr Volumen vergrößernde Teilkammer, mit demIn each case two chambers, in the example shown the chambers 12 and 14, are assigned to one another in pairs, the one chamber, e.g. the chamber 12 is subjected to the hot exhaust gases from the combustion chamber of the engine, while the other chamber, i.e. e.g. the chamber 14 with which the charge air to be added to the combustion chamber is applied. Since either the subchambers 12a or 12b alternately increase their volume and, at the same time, the subchambers 14a or 14b alternately reduce their volume, one or the other of the subchambers 12a or 12b, namely the subchamber increasing their volume, alternates with the
O WI Brennraum, die andere Teilkammer dagegen mit dem Aus¬ puffSystem, und die jeweils ihr Volumen vegrößernde der beiden Teilkammern 14a und 14b mit dem Luftansaug¬ system, die andere Teilkammern dagegen mit dem Brenn- räum verbunden. Die jeweils ihr Volumen vergrößernde Teilkammer 12a oder 12b dient jeweils als Entspannungs¬ kammer, so daß also der Flügel 18 abwechselnd in der einen oder der anderen Richtung mit zu entspannendem Abgas beaufschlagt wird. Diese doppeltwirkende Anord- nung dient zugleich als Rückstelleinrichtung, weil in Bezug auf den Entspannungshub des Flügels 18 in der einen Richtung der Entspannungshub in der anderen Rich¬ tung eine Rückstellbewegung des Flügels 18 darstellt.O WI Combustion chamber, the other subchamber, on the other hand, with the exhaust system, and the volume of the two subchambers 14a and 14b, respectively, connected to the air intake system, the other subchambers connected to the combustion chamber. The partial chamber 12a or 12b, each increasing in volume, serves as a relaxation chamber, so that the wing 18 is alternately acted upon in one or the other direction with exhaust gas to be expanded. This double-acting arrangement also serves as a reset device, because in relation to the relaxation stroke of the wing 18 in one direction, the relaxation stroke in the other direction represents a return movement of the wing 18.
Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist eine mechanische Verbindung zwischen der Welle 16 und der schematisch dargestellten Abtriebsseite 25 des zu ladenden Motors in Form eines Bandtriebs 34 vorge¬ sehen. Dabei ist der mechanische Abtrieb mit einer Richtungskupplung in Form eines insgesamt mit 36 be¬ zeichneten Freilaufs versehen, dessen Außenring 38 statt über den Bandtrieb 34 beispielsweise auch über ein Zahnradgetriebe mit der Abtriebsseite 25 des Motors verbunden sein kann.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a mechanical connection between the shaft 16 and the schematically illustrated output side 25 of the motor to be loaded is provided in the form of a belt drive 34. The mechanical output is provided with a directional clutch in the form of a freewheel, designated as a whole by 36, the outer ring 38 of which can be connected to the output side 25 of the motor instead of via the belt drive 34, for example also via a gear transmission.
Dadurch kann die Bewegung der Flügel 18 und 20 in stets gleihbleibender Drehrichtung auf die Abtriebs¬ seite des Motors übertragen werden. Wenn die Winkel¬ geschwindigkeit des Laders in der ausgewählten Dreh- richtung größer ist als die Winkelgeschwindigkeit des mit der Motorabtriebsseite 25 verbundenen Teils des Abtriebs, wirkt die Vorrichtung als EntSpanner und es wird durch die Abgasentspannung gewonnene Kraft auf den Motorabtrieb übertragen.As a result, the movement of the vanes 18 and 20 can be transmitted to the output side of the motor in the direction of rotation which always remains the same. If the angular velocity of the loader in the selected direction of rotation is greater than the angular velocity of the part of the output connected to the motor output side 25, the device acts as a tensioner and it is transferred to the engine output by the exhaust gas relaxation.
Man kann ähnlich wie bei Fig. 3 auch eine Reversier- Vorrichtung vorsehen, um die Abgasenergie beider Rich¬ tungen der Oszillationsbewegung der Laderwelle 16 auf die Abtriebsseite des Motors zu übertragen.Similar to FIG. 3, a reversing device can also be provided in order to transmit the exhaust gas energy in both directions of the oscillating movement of the supercharger shaft 16 to the output side of the engine.
Die Fig. 2 zeigt einen Entspanner in Flachkolbenbau¬ weise, d.h. mit im Vergleich zum Kolbendurchmesser geringem Kolbenhub und ebenso geringer Ausdehnung des Kolbens in Hubrichtung. Dies wird durch eine außerhalb der Entspannungskammer 40 bei 42 geführte, mit dem Kolben 44 verbundene Kolbenstange 46 erreicht. Die Kolbenstange 46 ist in Entspannungsrichtung durch eine als Rückstelleinrichtung dienende Feder 48 abgestützt. Die Entspannungskammer 40 ist mit einem Abgaseinlaß 50 und einem Abgasauslaß 52 versehen. Die Kolbenstange 46 ist mit einem Zahnstangenprofil 54 ausgestattet, das mit einem Zahnrad 56 in Eingriff steht, das über eine Welle 57 mit dem Innenring 59 eines Freilaufs 58 in Verbindung steht, dessen Außenring 61 über z.B. einen Bandtrieb 63 mit einem Abtriebsrad 65 verbunden ist, das auf einer Abtriebswelle 60 sitzt. Der Freilauf 58 überträgt als Richtungskupplung den Entspannungshub auf die Abtriebswelle 60, nicht dagegen die durch die Feder 48 bewirkte Rückstellbewegung des Kolbens 44.Fig. 2 shows an expansion device in flat piston construction, i.e. with a small piston stroke compared to the piston diameter and just as little expansion of the piston in the stroke direction. This is achieved by a piston rod 46 guided outside the expansion chamber 40 at 42 and connected to the piston 44. The piston rod 46 is supported in the relaxation direction by a spring 48 serving as a resetting device. The expansion chamber 40 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 50 and an exhaust gas outlet 52. The piston rod 46 is equipped with a toothed rack profile 54, which is in engagement with a gear 56, which is connected via a shaft 57 to the inner ring 59 of a freewheel 58, the outer ring 61 of which, e.g. a belt drive 63 is connected to an output gear 65 which sits on an output shaft 60. The freewheel 58 transmits the relaxation stroke to the output shaft 60 as a directional clutch, but not the return movement of the piston 44 caused by the spring 48.
Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine Variante zur Flachkolbenbauform nach Fig. 2, bei welcher ähnlich wie in Fig. 1 der Kolben 44 in beiden Hubrichtungen mit Abgas beauf¬ schlagt werden kann. Während bei der Variante nach Fig. 2 die Entspannungskammer 40 durch ein topfförmi- ges, in Entspannurigsrichtuhg geöffnetes Gehäuse 62 und den diese Öffnung abdeckenden Kolben 44 begrenzt wird, ist bei der Variante nach Fig. 3 ein allseits geschlossenes Gehäuse 64 vorgesehen, das der KolbenFIG. 3 shows a variant of the flat piston design according to FIG. 2, in which, like in FIG. 1, the piston 44 can be acted upon with exhaust gas in both stroke directions. While in the variant after 2 the expansion chamber 40 is delimited by a cup-shaped housing 62 which is opened in the direction of relaxation and the piston 44 covering this opening, in the variant according to FIG. 3 a housing 64 which is closed on all sides and which is the piston is provided
66 in zwei gegensinnig zu beaufschlagende Entspannungs- kammern 68 und 70 unterteilt. Während in Fig. 2 das Gehäuse mit zwei Strδmungsmittelanschlüssen, nämlich einem Abgaseinlaß • . und einem Abgasauslaß versehen ist, ist das Gehäuse 64 in Fig. 3 mit vier Strömungs¬ mittelanschlüssen versehen, die paarweise auf beide Entspannungskammern 68 und 70 verteilt sind, nämlich- Abgaseinlässe 76 bzw. 78 und Abgasauslässe 80 bzw. 82. Die Kolbenstange 67 ist außerhalb des Gehäuses 64 bei 84 geführt und nun an zwei einander gegenüberlie¬ genden Seiten mit je einem Zahnstangenprofil 86 bzw. 88 versehen. In das Zahnstangenprofil 86 greift ein Ritzel 90 und in das Zahnstangenprofil 88 ein Ritzel 92 ein. Die Ritzel 90 und 92 sind jeweils drehfest mit paral- lelen Wellen 94 bzw. 96 verbunden, die ihrerseits dreh¬ fest jeweils den Innenring 98 bzw. 100 von Freiläufen 102 bzw. 104 tragen. Die zugehörigen Außenringe 106 bzw. 108 sind als Zahnkränze ausgbildet und stehen mit einem gemeinsamen Abtriebsrad 110 in Eingriff. Die Freiläufe 102 und 104 sind zur Kraftübertragung im gleichen Drehsinn ausgelegt, z.B. in Fig. 3 im Uhr¬ zeigersinn.66 divided into two opposite relaxation chambers 68 and 70. While in Fig. 2, the housing with two Strδmungsmittelanschlüssen, namely an exhaust gas inlet •. and is provided with an exhaust gas outlet, the housing 64 in FIG. 3 is provided with four fluid connections which are distributed in pairs to both expansion chambers 68 and 70, namely exhaust gas inlets 76 and 78 and exhaust gas outlets 80 and 82. The piston rod is 67 guided outside of the housing 64 at 84 and now provided on two opposite sides with a rack profile 86 and 88, respectively. A pinion 90 engages in the rack profile 86 and a pinion 92 in the rack profile 88. The pinions 90 and 92 are each connected in a rotationally fixed manner to parallel shafts 94 and 96, which in turn carry the inner ring 98 and 100 of freewheels 102 and 104 in a rotationally fixed manner. The associated outer rings 106 and 108 are designed as sprockets and are in engagement with a common driven gear 110. The freewheels 102 and 104 are designed for power transmission in the same direction of rotation, for example clockwise in FIG. 3.
Wird die Entspannungskammer 68 mit Abgas beaufschlagt und wird dadurch der Kolben 66 nach unten bewegt, wird das linke Ritzel 90 im Uhrzeigersinn angetrieben,If exhaust gas is applied to the expansion chamber 68 and the piston 66 is moved downward as a result, the left pinion 90 is driven in a clockwise direction,
OM **NA das rechte Ritzel 92 dagegen entgegen dem Uhrzeiger¬ sinn. Damit wird die Bewegung des Ritzels 90 über den Freilauf 102 auf das Abtriebsrad 110 übertragen, wäh¬ rend die gegenläufige Bewegung des Ritzels 92 nur bis zum Innenring 100 des Freilaufs 104 übertragen wird, dessen Außenring 108 lose mit der Bewegung des Abtriebs¬ rades 110 mitläuft und sich im Uhrzeigersinn, also entgegen der auf das Ritzel 92 übertragenen Bewegung dreht. Wird nun anschließend die Entspannungskammer 70 beaufschlagt, dreht sich das Ritzel 92 bei derOM ** NA the right pinion 92, however, counterclockwise. The movement of the pinion 90 is thus transmitted to the driven gear 110 via the freewheel 102, while the opposite movement of the pinion 92 is only transmitted to the inner ring 100 of the freewheel 104, the outer ring 108 of which runs loosely with the movement of the driven wheel 110 and rotates clockwise, i.e. counter to the movement transmitted to the pinion 92. If the expansion chamber 70 is then acted upon, the pinion 92 rotates at the
Aufwärtsbewegung der Kolbenstange 67 im Uhrzeigersinn, während das Ritzel 90 entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn bewegt wird. Damit wird nun die Bewegung des Ritzels 92 über den Freilauf 104 auf das Abtriebsrad 110 übertragen, das somit weiter im Uhrzeigersinn angetrieben wird, während der Außenring des Freilaufs 102 lose mitläuft. The piston rod 67 moves upward clockwise while the pinion 90 is moved counterclockwise. The movement of the pinion 92 is now transmitted via the freewheel 104 to the driven wheel 110, which is thus driven further clockwise, while the outer ring of the freewheel 102 runs loosely.

Claims

Patentansprüche: Claims:
1. Vorrichtung zur Entspannung unter Druck stehen¬ der, pulsierender Abgase, vorzugsweise eines Verbren¬ nungsmotors, mit mindestens einer Entspannungskammer und einem in der Entspannungskammer oszillierenden Kolben, sowie einem mit dem Kolben verbundenen Abtrieb, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abtrieb (16, 24; 46, 60; 67, 110) eine Richtungskupplung (36; 58; 102, 104) enthält, die derart gerichtet ist, daß sie eine Kupp¬ lungsverbindung in der der Abgasentspannung entspre- chenden Bewegungsrichtung herstellt, und daß dem Kol¬ ben (18, 20; 44; 66) eine entgegen der Entspannungs¬ richtung der Abgase wirkende Rückstelleinrichtung (48) zugeordnet ist.1. A device for relaxation under pressure, the pulsating exhaust gases, preferably a combustion engine, with at least one expansion chamber and a piston oscillating in the expansion chamber, and an output connected to the piston, characterized in that the output (16, 24 ; 46, 60; 67, 110) contains a directional clutch (36; 58; 102, 104), which is directed in such a way that it creates a clutch connection in the direction of movement corresponding to the exhaust gas relaxation, and that the piston ( 18, 20; 44; 66) is assigned a reset device (48) which acts counter to the expansion direction of the exhaust gases.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 mit mindestens zwei gegensinnig mit Abgas beaufschlagbaren Entspannungs¬ kammern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Entspannungs¬ richtung eine Richtungskupplung (102, 104) zugeordnet ist und beide Richtungskupplungen (102, 104) mittels einer Reversiereinrichtung (86,88, 90, 92, 110) zu gleichsinnigem Abtrieb verbunden sind. 2. Device according to claim 1 with at least two oppositely charged with exhaust gas relaxation chamber, characterized in that each direction of relaxation is assigned a directional coupling (102, 104) and both directional couplings (102, 104) by means of a reversing device (86, 88, 90, 92, 110) are connected to the same output.
EP84902580A 1983-07-02 1984-07-02 Device for the discharge of pulsated exhaust gas under pressure, preferably from an internal combustion engine Withdrawn EP0148230A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3323959 1983-07-02
DE3323959A DE3323959A1 (en) 1983-07-02 1983-07-02 LOADER FOR COMPRESSING THE CHARGING AIR OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Publications (1)

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EP0148230A1 true EP0148230A1 (en) 1985-07-17

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EP84902580A Withdrawn EP0148230A1 (en) 1983-07-02 1984-07-02 Device for the discharge of pulsated exhaust gas under pressure, preferably from an internal combustion engine

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US (1) US4704868A (en)
EP (1) EP0148230A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60501768A (en)
BR (1) BR8406961A (en)
DE (1) DE3323959A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1985000404A1 (en)

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GB2247508A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-03-04 Clifford Harry Canvin Converting rotary motion into reciprocating motion and vice versa
DE4035562A1 (en) * 1990-11-08 1992-05-14 Zikeli Friedrich Dipl Ing Th Piston cross thrust ring and crank slide - involves ring and slide assemblable on pins on body of crankshaft
DE4036654A1 (en) * 1990-11-16 1992-05-21 Koepke Guenter Dr Ing IC engine working according to two- and four-stroke cycles - has suction chamber connected before inlet apertures of each cylinder
DE4216989C2 (en) * 1992-05-22 1998-06-04 Gottfried Baehr Motor with very high torque
WO2000043653A1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2000-07-27 Klein, Benny Expansion-compression engine with angularly reciprocating piston
US8365620B2 (en) * 2006-11-07 2013-02-05 Agron Haka Rack and pinion gear
RU2677440C2 (en) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-16 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный университет путей сообщения" (СГУПС) Internal combustion engine

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US4704868A (en) 1987-11-10
BR8406961A (en) 1985-06-11
WO1985000404A1 (en) 1985-01-31
DE3323959A1 (en) 1985-01-17
JPS60501768A (en) 1985-10-17

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