EP0147278A2 - Magnetothermischer Auslöser aus einem Gestaltspeichereffekt-Material, eingebaut in einen Schutzschalter - Google Patents

Magnetothermischer Auslöser aus einem Gestaltspeichereffekt-Material, eingebaut in einen Schutzschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0147278A2
EP0147278A2 EP84402508A EP84402508A EP0147278A2 EP 0147278 A2 EP0147278 A2 EP 0147278A2 EP 84402508 A EP84402508 A EP 84402508A EP 84402508 A EP84402508 A EP 84402508A EP 0147278 A2 EP0147278 A2 EP 0147278A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
coil
shape memory
core
movable core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84402508A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0147278B1 (de
EP0147278A3 (en
Inventor
Louis Boillot
William Bartolo
Patrick Perdigon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Priority to AT84402508T priority Critical patent/ATE31590T1/de
Publication of EP0147278A2 publication Critical patent/EP0147278A2/de
Publication of EP0147278A3 publication Critical patent/EP0147278A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0147278B1 publication Critical patent/EP0147278B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/145—Electrothermal mechanisms using shape memory materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H61/00—Electrothermal relays
    • H01H61/01—Details
    • H01H61/0107—Details making use of shape memory materials
    • H01H2061/0115—Shape memory alloy [SMA] actuator formed by coil spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H2071/407—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms the thermal element being heated by the coil of the electromagnetic mechanism

Definitions

  • a known magnetothermal trip of the kind mentioned is described in European patent application No. 37490.
  • This type of trip device does not have a bimetallic strip and the means for unlocking the lock associated with the mechanism are actuated by the movable core in the event of a short circuit, and by the thermomechanical sensor in shape memory alloy in the event of overload.
  • the triggering of the mechanism requires two separate mechanical connections cooperating respectively with the sensor and the movable core.
  • the implementation of such a trip device is complicated, and it is also essential to adapt the thermomechanical sensor to each rating of the circuit breaker.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to allow the production of a reliable magnetothermal trip unit and of simplified structure using the same thermomechanical sensor for all the ratings of a range of circuit breakers.
  • the thermomechanical sensor in shape memory alloy comprises a helical spring, housed in an enclosed space inside the insulating sleeve for supporting the coil.
  • the number of ampere-turns of the coil is constant for all the calibers of a range.
  • the insulating sheath of the control coil is formed by a tubular sleeve closed at one of its ends by a bottom and at the opposite end by the fixed core.
  • the shape memory spring and the movable core are arranged coaxially in the closed space between the fixed core and the bottom of the sheath and are capable of causing a single unlocking pusher passing axially through the fixed core.
  • the release button is associated with a return spring which serves at the same time as a return spring for the movable core and as a polarization member for the shape memory spring.
  • the shape memory spring surrounds the movable core, bearing on the bottom of the sheath, and cooperating at its opposite end with a magnetic pallet capable of moving the pusher towards the active triggering position by axial extension of the comes out after the critical temperature has been exceeded in the closed space while the moving core remains stationary in the separated position.
  • the magnetic pallet has a bridge shape, one of the faces of which is fitted with a guide pin mounted to slide axially in a hole in the movable core, and the other side of which cooperates with the release button.
  • the shape memory spring is arranged inside the movable core in the form of a hollow sleeve, the pusher drive head being directly in contact with the shape memory spring.
  • Adjustment means are provided for adjusting the air gap and the opposing force of the return spring of the release button.
  • thermomagnetic trip device 10 of a miniature circuit breaker comprises a control coil 12 mounted on an insulating sheath 14 in the form of a tubular sleeve, closed at one of its ends by a bottom 16.
  • a fixed magnetic core 18 Inside the sheath 14 is a fixed magnetic core 18 separated from a plunger core 20 sliding by an axial gap 22.
  • an actuating rod or extractor 24 To the plunger magnetic core 20 is secured an actuating rod or extractor 24 which passes through an orifice 26 formed in the bottom 16 of the sleeve 14.
  • the active end of the extractor 24 is capable of actuating a contact arm 28 pivotally mounted on an axis 30.
  • the plunger core 20 cooperates by its opposite side with an unlocking pusher 32 or striker which extends axially le.long a central opening 34 of the fixed core 18 being biased in support of the plunger core 20 by a return spring 36.
  • the active end of the pusher 32 cooperates with a latch 38 or a trigger bar, intended to cause the automatic triggering of the mechanism 40 when an overcurrent detected by the trigger 10 appears.
  • the structure of the mechanism 40 is described in detail in European patent application 27404.
  • the coil 12 of the trigger-10 is crossed by the total current or by a fraction of the current flowing in the pole.
  • the enclosed space 42 arranged inside the sheath 14 between the fixed core 18 and the bottom 16 is the seat of a predetermined heating representing the image of the intensity of the excitation current of the coil 12.
  • thermomechanical sensor 44 composed of a shape memory alloy is housed in the enclosed space 42 of the sheath. 14, and is shaped as a helical spring 46 arranged coaxially with clearance around the plunger core 20.
  • the spring 46 with shape memory is interposed between the bottom 16 and one of the bearing faces of a magnetic pallet 48 in the form of bridge, the opposite face of which cooperates with the unlocking pusher 32.
  • the pallet 48 is provided with a guide pin 50 capable of sliding axially in a blind hole 52 of the plunger core 20 opposite the extractor 24.
  • the critical transformation temperature of the shape memory alloy depends on the material chosen and on the opposing polarization force of the return spring 36. It is advantageously between 90 degrees C and 100 degrees C, and constitutes the thermal tripping temperature. .
  • the helical spring 46 In the initial state of rest, the helical spring 46 remains with contiguous turns when the temperature in the space 42 is lower than the transformation temperature of the alloy (FIG. 1). In the active state, the spring 46 is deformed by axial elongation of a few millimeters in the direction of the arrow F 1 in the event of the thermal tripping temperature being exceeded. The deformation of the spring 46 takes place against the return spring 36 and drives the push-button 32 for unlocking the lock 38 in the same direction.
  • the alloy has a simple memory effect with unidirectional deformation in the direction of arrow F 1 .
  • the return spring 36 of the plunger 32 cooperates with the pallet 48 to recompress the spring 46 with shape memory towards its initial position with contiguous turns.
  • the return to the state of rest of the spring 46 is automatic in the case of a reversible memory effect alloy with bidirectional deformation.
  • thermomagnetic trip device 10 The operation of the thermomagnetic trip device 10 according to FIG. 1 is as follows:
  • a circulation in the coil 12 of a current of high intensity, in particular of short-circuit, causes an instantaneous triggering by magnetic attraction of the assembly core plunger 20 and pallet 48 against the polar faces of the fixed core 18.
  • the pusher 32 unlocks the latch 38 and the extractor 24 simultaneously pulls on the pivoting contact arm 28.
  • the final opening of the contacts is then confirmed after triggering of the mechanism 40.
  • the electromagnetic triggering threshold depends on the intensity of the excitation current in the coil 12 and is a function of the air gap 22 and the stiffness of the return spring. 36 of the compression type.
  • the spring 46 with shape memory does not have time to react because of the thermal inertia of the space 42, and it remains in the rest state.
  • the return spring 36 of the pusher 32 cooperates simultaneously with the plunger core 20 and the spring 46 with shape memory.
  • the trigger is adjusted by varying the preload of the return spring 36 by means of a screw 54 or ring adjustable in a tapped hole 56 of the fixed core 18.
  • the rotation of the screw 54 keeps the air gap 22 constant, and acts exclusively on the preload of the return spring 30 which simultaneously modifies the electromagnetic tripping threshold and the thermal tripping characteristic.
  • the return spring 36 of the pusher 32 bears on a collar 56 of the fixed core 18, the latter being formed by a self-tapping screw screwing into the sheath 14.
  • the plunger core 20 comprises a hollow sleeve inside which is housed the spring 46 with shape memory.
  • the drive head of the pusher 32 bears directly on the spring 46 with shape memory.
  • the operation of this de- ⁇ Trigger is similar to that described with reference to Fig. 1, except the trigger setting which is different. This adjustment is effected by screwing or unscrewing the fixed core 18 in the sheath 14 resulting in a combined variation of the length of the air gap 22 and of the opposing force of the return spring 36.
  • the 'air gap 22 increases at the same time as the force of the return spring 36 decreases. Conversely, if the core 18 is screwed on, the air gap 22 decreases and the opposing force of the spring 36 increases.
  • the combined variation of these two parameters make it possible to keep the electromagnetic trigger threshold substantially constant.
  • the adjustment of the fixed core 18 essentially modifies the thermal triggering characteristic of the spring 46 with shape memory by virtue of the variation in the preload of the return spring 36.
  • the arrangement of the spring 46 with shape memory inside the enclosed space 42 may be different from that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the adoption of the appropriate coil 12 makes it possible to keep constant heating in the enclosed space 42 whatever the caliber chosen. A full range can thus be produced by keeping all the parts of the trigger 10 with the exception of the coil 12.
  • An adjustment member made of a material of predetermined thermal conductivity, is inserted between the coil 12 and the spring 46 with shape memory to adjust the thermal time constant in space 42.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
EP84402508A 1983-12-26 1984-12-05 Magnetothermischer Auslöser aus einem Gestaltspeichereffekt-Material, eingebaut in einen Schutzschalter Expired EP0147278B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84402508T ATE31590T1 (de) 1983-12-26 1984-12-05 Magnetothermischer ausloeser aus einem gestaltspeichereffekt-material, eingebaut in einen schutzschalter.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8320898A FR2557353B1 (fr) 1983-12-26 1983-12-26 Declencheur magnetothermique en materiau a memoire de forme, associe a un mecanisme de disjoncteur
FR8320898 1983-12-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0147278A2 true EP0147278A2 (de) 1985-07-03
EP0147278A3 EP0147278A3 (en) 1985-08-21
EP0147278B1 EP0147278B1 (de) 1987-12-23

Family

ID=9295634

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84402508A Expired EP0147278B1 (de) 1983-12-26 1984-12-05 Magnetothermischer Auslöser aus einem Gestaltspeichereffekt-Material, eingebaut in einen Schutzschalter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0147278B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE31590T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3468290D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2557353B1 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4224046A1 (de) * 1992-07-21 1994-01-27 Elektroelement Izlake D D Überstromauslöser für Schutzschaltgeräte
DE9405745U1 (de) * 1994-03-09 1994-05-19 Siemens Ag Überstromauslöser
EP1187159A1 (de) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-13 Hager Electro S.A. Schutzschalter mit magnetothermischer Auslöseeinheit
US7423505B2 (en) * 2002-06-05 2008-09-09 Honda Giken Kogya Kabushiki Kaisha Actuator
CN101425434B (zh) * 2008-12-17 2011-05-18 王则旺 分励脱扣线圈
DE102012011063A1 (de) 2012-06-04 2013-12-05 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Elektrisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere Schutzschalter
CN103871797A (zh) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-18 三菱电机株式会社 电路断路器及其电磁跳闸装置
CN109243936A (zh) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-18 厦门国研科技有限公司 一种多回路断路器
CN115220394A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-10-21 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 一种具有高灵敏度自动启停功能的数控机床

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4413888B4 (de) * 1994-04-21 2004-09-02 Abb Patent Gmbh Überstromauslöser für einen Selbstschalter
KR20040015152A (ko) 2001-04-26 2004-02-18 스와겔로크 컴패니 스냅식 연결구를 구비한 밸브
DE102004056280A1 (de) * 2004-11-22 2006-05-24 Abb Patent Gmbh Schaltgerät mit einem elektromagnetischen Auslöser
US9746044B1 (en) * 2016-04-15 2017-08-29 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Resettable sensor assembly and system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2139852A1 (de) * 1971-08-09 1973-02-15 Battelle Institut E V Schaltelement mit temperaturabhaengiger schaltstellung
FR2368139A1 (fr) * 1976-10-18 1978-05-12 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Disjoncteur electrique automatique de surintensite et de courant de court-circuit
DE2928799A1 (de) * 1978-07-21 1980-01-31 Delta Materials Research Ltd Elektrischer sicherungsautomat
EP0037490A1 (de) * 1980-04-03 1981-10-14 BROWN, BOVERI & CIE Aktiengesellschaft Mannheim Auslösesystem eines Selbstschalters zur Unterbrechung eines Stromkreises

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2139852A1 (de) * 1971-08-09 1973-02-15 Battelle Institut E V Schaltelement mit temperaturabhaengiger schaltstellung
FR2368139A1 (fr) * 1976-10-18 1978-05-12 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Disjoncteur electrique automatique de surintensite et de courant de court-circuit
DE2928799A1 (de) * 1978-07-21 1980-01-31 Delta Materials Research Ltd Elektrischer sicherungsautomat
EP0037490A1 (de) * 1980-04-03 1981-10-14 BROWN, BOVERI & CIE Aktiengesellschaft Mannheim Auslösesystem eines Selbstschalters zur Unterbrechung eines Stromkreises

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4224046A1 (de) * 1992-07-21 1994-01-27 Elektroelement Izlake D D Überstromauslöser für Schutzschaltgeräte
DE9405745U1 (de) * 1994-03-09 1994-05-19 Siemens Ag Überstromauslöser
EP1187159A1 (de) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-13 Hager Electro S.A. Schutzschalter mit magnetothermischer Auslöseeinheit
US7423505B2 (en) * 2002-06-05 2008-09-09 Honda Giken Kogya Kabushiki Kaisha Actuator
CN101425434B (zh) * 2008-12-17 2011-05-18 王则旺 分励脱扣线圈
DE102012011063A1 (de) 2012-06-04 2013-12-05 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Elektrisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere Schutzschalter
CN103871797A (zh) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-18 三菱电机株式会社 电路断路器及其电磁跳闸装置
CN103871797B (zh) * 2012-12-12 2016-03-16 三菱电机株式会社 电路断路器及其电磁跳闸装置
CN109243936A (zh) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-18 厦门国研科技有限公司 一种多回路断路器
CN115220394A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-10-21 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 一种具有高灵敏度自动启停功能的数控机床

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2557353A1 (fr) 1985-06-28
DE3468290D1 (en) 1988-02-04
EP0147278B1 (de) 1987-12-23
ATE31590T1 (de) 1988-01-15
EP0147278A3 (en) 1985-08-21
FR2557353B1 (fr) 1986-04-11

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