EP0147216B1 - Verfahren zum Wiedergebrauch von Abfallfasern - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Wiedergebrauch von Abfallfasern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0147216B1
EP0147216B1 EP84309038A EP84309038A EP0147216B1 EP 0147216 B1 EP0147216 B1 EP 0147216B1 EP 84309038 A EP84309038 A EP 84309038A EP 84309038 A EP84309038 A EP 84309038A EP 0147216 B1 EP0147216 B1 EP 0147216B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
sheet
carrier sheet
screen
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84309038A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0147216A2 (de
EP0147216A3 (en
Inventor
Antonio Paolo Alfredo Frattolillo
Eliezer Erkohen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris Products SA
Original Assignee
Fabriques de Tabac Reunies SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fabriques de Tabac Reunies SA filed Critical Fabriques de Tabac Reunies SA
Publication of EP0147216A2 publication Critical patent/EP0147216A2/de
Publication of EP0147216A3 publication Critical patent/EP0147216A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0147216B1 publication Critical patent/EP0147216B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K1/00—Nibs; Writing-points
    • B43K1/12—Writing-points comprising fibres; Felt pads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the re-use of waste or other recovered fibrous material and its conversion into useful products. It is especially, but not exclusively, concerned with the recovery and re-use of fibres from waste or reject cigarette filters, filter rods and tows employed in making them.
  • the method of this invention is characterized in that waste or recovered fibres are dispersed in a liquid and deposited in a substantially random manner on an advancing surface to form a fibrous web, the web is caused to adhere to a carrier or backing sheet, either during or after deposition, and the assembly of fibres and carrier is subdivided into portions for the manufacture of fibrous products.
  • the resulting portions of the assembly can be treated in a variety of ways to produce a final product. Many of such products may rely on the filtration or capillary capabilities of the fibrous web, supported or indeed enclosed by the carrier sheet.
  • the assembly may be divided longitudinally and rolled transversely into a rod of indefinite length, the carrier sheet being sealed to itself along the length of the rod to enclose the fibres.
  • portions of the assembly, divided transversely and/or longitudinally can be rolled up to form rod structures of helical section. Either type of rod structure can be cut into lengths to form such products as cigarette filters or absorbent ink carrier elements for pens.
  • the invention can be applied to a variety of fibres, for example, natural or synthetic fibres, cellulose acetate or polypropylene.
  • a conventional plasticizer can be applied, either to the fibres or to the carrier sheet, to assist in bonding the fibres to one another or to the carrier sheet in the finished product.
  • the fibres may also be crimped while held on the carrier sheet, for which purpose a disc crimper is preferred to minimize the risk of detachment of fibres from the carrier.
  • the carrier sheet may be of a variety of materials, for example, paper or plastics film.
  • the carrier sheet may take the form of a continuous array or web of other fibres, previously formed before application to the deposited web of waste fibres.
  • Such an array or web may be constituted by continuous filaments or staple fibres, depending on the properties required of the carrier sheet in the finished product.
  • the sheet should have properties appropriate to the method of application as well as to the end-uses envisaged.
  • the sheet should be permeable by the liquid.
  • the sheet should have sufficient wet strength to resist damage.
  • the sheet may be impermeable, and is after drying, then it need not have a high wet strength. It is thus possible to select carrier sheets that will have desirable properties in the final product, for example impermeability or, as the case may be, permeability as a filter wrap in tobacco smoke filters of different kinds, or impermeability or resistance to ink media in the case of pen elements.
  • waste fibres for example waste or reject cigarette filters or tow after opening and separation of wrapper and other extraneous material, are chopped and dispersed in an aqueous medium in a chopper/mixer 10, to which the fibres are supplied at 11 and water at 12.
  • the resulting dispersion is then deposited continuously by a slurry applicator 13 on an advancing carrier or backing sheet 14 supplied from a roll 15 and supported by a moving endless fine-mesh screen 16 guided by rollers 17. Suction is progressively applied to the underside of the upper run of the screen as indicated at 18 to draw off as much liquid as possible from the substantially random fibrous web laid down on the sheet 14, for which reason it is preferred in this case that the sheet should be permeable.
  • the fluffiness of the final web and, in the case of use in cigarette filters, the resistance to draw (RTD) of the final filter depend on the degree of suction applied.
  • the assembly 20 of sheet and fibrous web is removed and transferred to a ventilated drier 21. It is desirable at this stage that the carrier sheet should retain much of its strength when wet, in order to avoid damage to the assembly when removed from its support.
  • plasticizer applicator 22 When the assembly has been dried, it may be passed through a plasticizer applicator 22, in which a fine spray of plasticizer composition can be applied to the fibrous web for the purposes of softening and bonding the fibres in subsequent stages of the production of fibrous products, in a manner analogous to the use of plasticizer in conventional filter production.
  • the completed fibre backing sheet assemby 23 can be assembled on a take-up roll 24 for transfer to processes and plant for the manufacture of final products.
  • the assembly may be slit longitudinally into strips having a width corresponding either to the periphery of the desired rod, when the strip is to be rolled transversely and possibly continuously, or to the length of the desired rod, when the strip is to be cut transversely and rolled longitudinally.
  • Figs. 2A and B are shown two modifications of the screen area in the systems shown in the other Figures.
  • the fibrous web can be-deposited correspondingly in spaced strips on the screen, or on the carrier sheet as the case may be.
  • Fig. 2A is shown a plan view of portion of the screen 16, to which is fitted a series of spaced longitudinal walls or partitions 25, dividing the area of the screen into longitudinal zones 26.
  • the fibre slurry is deposited in strips defined by the walls and forms spaced longitudinal portions of fibrous web on the carrier sheet 14, whether this is passed over the screen as in Fig. 1, or applied later, as in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • the walls 25 may be of sufficient thickness to leave bare zones on the carrier sheet, which may facilitate subsequent splitting of the sheet and provide an edge region for the resulting strips which can be used to overlap and adhere to the sheet at opposite edge of the strip when the strip is rolled transversely to form a continuous enclosed fibrous rod.
  • walls 25 are omitted and the fibres are deposited across the whole surface of the screen 16 to form a single continuous web extending from side to side of the screen.
  • FIGs. 3 and 4 show further embodiments of the invention, corresponding items of the apparatus or materials being indicated by the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1.
  • the fibres in slurried form are deposited directly on the screen 16 and the web is taken up on the carrier sheet 14 as it leaves the screen, the sheet being passed round a guide roll 28 adjacent to the discharge end of the screen. Drying and plasticizer application follow as before, but it is necessary in this case that the sheet 14 should retain ample strength after coming into contact with the wet fibrous web.
  • the fibrous web is formed in the absence of a carrier sheet, but is carried on the screen 16 through the drier 21 and only comes into contact with the sheet 14 after it has been dried.
  • the carrier sheet passes over a guide roll 28 at the discharge end of the screen.
  • a plasticizer applicator 22 may be mounted over the screen, as shown, to apply plasticizer to the dried web while still on the screen, and a further applicator 27 may be provided to apply plasticizer to a face of the sheet 14 before it contacts the web. Plasticizer can be applied at either or both of these stations, as desired.
  • a plasticizer applicator could be provided downstream of the guide roll 28 in a position analogous to that in Fig. 3.
  • the invention affords a number of advantages over other possible methods of recycling waste fibres.
  • random orientation of fibres gives a much more efficient filter than a longitudinal disposition for a given quantity of fibre, and can readily be achieved by the method of the invention.
  • this random orientation enables a filter of high efficiency to be produced having a low resistance to draw (RTD).
  • the carrier sheet not only serves to support and strengthen the web during fabrication of the final product, but also contributes to the structure and the performance of the product.
  • it can function as the filter plug wrap surrounding the filter body in the finished cigarette, and may have any desired degree of permeability as may be needed for a particular design of filter.
  • the provision of a plug wrap in this manner is particularly advantageous when the fibre/sheet assembly is slit longitudinally and rolled transversely, as described.

Landscapes

  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Verfahren zur Wiederverwendung von Abfallmaterial oder anderem rückgewonnenem Fasermaterial, bei dem die Fasern dispergiert und in eine neu gebildete Faserstruktur eingesetzt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abfallfasern oder die. rückgewonnenen Fasern in einer Flüssigkeit dispergiert und in im wesentlichen zufallsverteilter Form auf einer sich weiter bewegenden Fläche zur Bildung einer Faserbahn abgelegt werden, die Bahn haftend an einem Träger oder einer Trägerbahn (14) entweder während oder nach dem Ablegen angebracht wird, und die Anordnung (20) aus Fasern und Träger in Abschnitte (28) zur Herstellung von Fasererzeugnissen unterteilt wird.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die unterteilten Anordnungsabschnitte (23) zu zylindrischen Erzeugnissen (24) geformt werden.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anordnung (20) in Längsrichtung in Streifen (25) unterteilt wird, welche in Querrichtung gerollt werden und die Trägerbahn (14) dicht mit sich selbst verbunden ist, um einen Faserzylinder zu bilden, der vollständig von der Bahn (14) umschlossen ist.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern auf der Fläche in Längszonen (26) abgelegt werden, die den Streifen (25) zugeordnet sind, in die die Anordnung zu unterteilen ist.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern einer Kräuselbehandlung auf der Trägerbahn (14) unterzogen werden.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zylindrische Erzeugnis (24) in Längsstücke zur Verwendung als Tabakrauchfilter unterteilt wird.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faserdispersion auf einer permeablen Trägerbahn (14) abgelegt wird, die auf einem Sieb (16) aufliegt, das zur Flüssigkeitsabfuhr bestimmt ist, und daß die Trägerbahn (14) eine mechanische Festigkeit hat, die in Anwesenheit der Flüssigkeit im wesentlichen beibehalten oder durch das Trocknen vor der Entfernung der Anordnung (20) von dem Sieb (16) wiederhergestellt wird.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faserdispersion direkt auf eine permeable Bahn (16) abgelegt wird und die Fasern zu der Trägerbahn (14) nach der Ableitung der Flüssigkeit durch das Sieb (16) übergeben werden, und daß die Trägerbahn (14) eine mechanische Festigkeit hat, die im wesentlichen bei Anwesenheit der Flüssigkeit beibehalten oder bei der Faserbahn (20) nur nach der Trocknung derselben vorhanden ist.
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern thermoplastisch sind, und daß ein Plastifikator (22, 27) auf die Faserbahn (20) nach dem Ablegen und Trocknen und/oder auf die Trägerbahn (14) vor der Aufbringung der getrockneten Bahn auf derselben aufgebracht wird.
EP84309038A 1983-12-22 1984-12-21 Verfahren zum Wiedergebrauch von Abfallfasern Expired EP0147216B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08334216A GB2151899A (en) 1983-12-22 1983-12-22 Method of re-using waste fibres
GB8334216 1983-12-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0147216A2 EP0147216A2 (de) 1985-07-03
EP0147216A3 EP0147216A3 (en) 1987-06-03
EP0147216B1 true EP0147216B1 (de) 1990-03-21

Family

ID=10553697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84309038A Expired EP0147216B1 (de) 1983-12-22 1984-12-21 Verfahren zum Wiedergebrauch von Abfallfasern

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0147216B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3481676D1 (de)
GB (1) GB2151899A (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5504119A (en) * 1993-04-30 1996-04-02 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Recycling cellulose esters from the waste from cigarette manufacturing
EP0623290B1 (de) * 1993-04-30 1998-07-01 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Wiederaufbereitung von Celluloseestern aus Abfallprodukten die bei der Zigarettenherstellung entstehen
EP1208756B1 (de) * 1999-06-04 2007-10-17 Japan Tobacco Inc. Tabakfolien und verfahren und vorrichtung zur ihrer herstellung
US9016286B2 (en) 2005-09-28 2015-04-28 China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co. Ltd. Method and equipment for adding tobacco dust into papermaking tobacco sheet

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB437599A (en) * 1934-04-26 1935-10-28 Abraham Wix Improvements in or relating to filter tips for cigarettes
US2847086A (en) * 1953-08-04 1958-08-12 Muller Paul Adolf Filtering material
BE532568A (de) * 1953-10-19
FR1145669A (fr) * 1953-12-31 1957-10-29 Cogepa Filtre pour articles de fumeurs
GB1092070A (en) * 1964-07-11 1967-11-22 Honshu Paper Co Ltd A method of manufacturing sheet material
GB1219405A (en) * 1967-04-03 1971-01-13 Courtaulds Ltd Tobacco smoke filters
US3615997A (en) * 1968-06-19 1971-10-26 Reynolds Tobacco Co R Method of making a reconstituted cigarette filter
US3769148A (en) * 1970-10-12 1973-10-30 Ici Ltd Fibrous sheet materials and filter elements formed therefrom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8334216D0 (en) 1984-02-01
GB2151899A (en) 1985-07-31
DE3481676D1 (de) 1990-04-26
EP0147216A2 (de) 1985-07-03
EP0147216A3 (en) 1987-06-03

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