EP0145701B1 - Percussion drill controls - Google Patents

Percussion drill controls Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0145701B1
EP0145701B1 EP19840890204 EP84890204A EP0145701B1 EP 0145701 B1 EP0145701 B1 EP 0145701B1 EP 19840890204 EP19840890204 EP 19840890204 EP 84890204 A EP84890204 A EP 84890204A EP 0145701 B1 EP0145701 B1 EP 0145701B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
pressure medium
drilling
feed motor
feed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840890204
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0145701A1 (en
Inventor
Gustav Dr. Schatzmayr
Konrad Schön
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Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
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Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
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Publication of EP0145701A1 publication Critical patent/EP0145701A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/17—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors using two or more pumps
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
    • E21B44/06—Automatic control of the tool feed in response to the flow or pressure of the motive fluid of the drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20538—Type of pump constant capacity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/327—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation electrically or electronically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/329—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation actuated by fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/605—Load sensing circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
    • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
    • F15B2211/6306—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure
    • F15B2211/6313—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure the pressure being a load pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/67—Methods for controlling pilot pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7058—Rotary output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/78—Control of multiple output members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for impact drilling in rock or the like with a rotary mechanism, impact mechanism and feed motor which can be operated with pressure medium, in particular hydraulic fluid, and which are connected via pressure medium lines, which actuators, e.g. Valves or the like, are connected to one or more pressure sources, a control line being provided from the pressure medium supply line of the rotating mechanism to an actuator in the pressure medium supply line of the impact mechanism.
  • actuators e.g. Valves or the like
  • the drill steel has to be rotated by means of a rotary motor, on the other hand, another motor is required for the application of individual blows on the drill steel.
  • a separate feed motor must also be provided for the drilling steel in the rock in machine-held drilling machines.
  • the performance of the striking mechanism and the feed motor must be closely coordinated. However, this coordination is extremely difficult given the diversity of the material to be drilled. If the feed of the drilling unit is too large, it can e.g. come to a so-called hard drilling, whereby either the drill steel or the motors actuating the same can be damaged.
  • a hydraulic drilling machine for impact drilling which has a rotating mechanism, an impact mechanism and a feed motor.
  • the slewing gear, the striking mechanism and the feed motor are hydraulically connected to one another, three hydraulic pumps operating independently of one another being provided.
  • the hydraulic circuit of the feed motor has an on and off valve.
  • the hydraulic circuit for the slewing gear is connected to the hydraulic circuit for the striking mechanism via a valve. The task of this valve is to open when the pressure in the slewing ring is too low in order to adjust the pressure between the hydraulic circuit for the striking mechanism and that for the rotating mechanism.
  • a control line branches off the pressure medium line from the slewing gear, via which a valve in the percussion mechanism circuit is actuated, as a result of which a pressure reduction in the percussion mechanism circuit can be achieved.
  • a control line branches off from the percussion mechanism circuit to a valve, which reverses the direction of movement of the feed motor.
  • the inertia is due to the fact that the pressure in the rotating mechanism circuit causes a lowering of the pressure in the hammer mechanism circuit, where the pressure in the hammer mechanism circuit then reverses the direction of rotation of the feed motor.
  • the direction of movement of the feed motor is only reversed again when a corresponding pressure increase in the percussion mechanism circuit has occurred.
  • the drill performs empty blows or not full blows against the rock during the forward movement, so that there must be corresponding long-term damage to the machine.
  • the resistance in the rock is particularly low, whether due to cavities or inclusions of particularly soft rock, a drop in pressure in the striking mechanism may occur, which in turn causes the drilling unit to be withdrawn, but this is not justified by drilling technology.
  • a device for impact drilling in rock is known.
  • the feed, rotation and impact movements of the drilling shaft are generated by a hydraulic system.
  • the servomotors are controlled with the aid of actuators which are connected to the pressure sources via pressure medium lines.
  • the hammer mechanism is controlled by the pressure in the pressure medium line to the feed motor.
  • the invention has set itself the task of creating a device for striking drilling, which allows so-called hard drilling of the drilling steel in the rock to be avoided with the most varied properties of the rock and great drilling progress, while at the same time unnecessary delays during switching and also blows the Device should be avoided.
  • the goal is achieved in that the pressure medium feed lines to the slewing gear, Percussion mechanism and feed motor are separated from each other or connected in parallel and control lines from the pressure medium supply line of the slewing gear to the actuators controllable by overpressure in the pressure medium supply line to the slewing gear are provided in the pressure medium feed lines to the hammer mechanism, feed motor and possibly slewing gear and that at least one control line with an actuator in another Control line is connected to compressed air and the further control line is connected to the actuator of the pressure medium supply line of the feed motor.
  • Such a device ensures that when the pressure rises, e.g. Via a threshold value in the slewing gear - as occurs with greater resistance in the rock - the pressure medium supply to the striking mechanism can either be throttled or prevented and at the same time the feed motor can be controlled directly by changing the pressure in the circuit of the slewing gear by reversing the direction of rotation. It is thus ensured that the impact energy can be reduced or reduced to zero with increased pressure in the feed line of the slewing gear, the drill being pulled out of the borehole. The pressure in front of the slewing gear thus drops again, so that, at the same time or with appropriate throttles, the direction of movement of the feed motor is reversed again and the impact energy in the striking mechanism can be increased again.
  • the actuators can be operated in a particularly simple and effective manner, the outlay on equipment being kept particularly low.
  • the pressure medium circuit 1 serves to actuate the rotary motor 7.
  • An actuator 8 is provided in the pressure medium circuit, which on the one hand can short-circuit the pressure medium circuit from the pump 4 (shown illustration) or allows two different speeds of the rotating mechanism.
  • the actuator 8, e.g. a valve spool can be operated via a solenoid 9, which can be operated via a pressure-sensitive switch 10 and current source 11.
  • the pressure-sensitive switch 10 has a control line 12 which opens into the pressure medium supply line 13 to the rotating mechanism 7 immediately before it.
  • the pressure medium circuit 2 has an impact motor 14, in which an actuator 15 is provided which is held in position by a spring 16.
  • the actuator also has a piston-cylinder unit 17, the pressure chamber of which is connected via a control line 18 to the pressure medium supply line 13 to the rotating mechanism 7. If the pressure in the pressure medium supply line to the slewing gear 7 increases, e.g. when a certain threshold value is exceeded, the actuator 15 is actuated via the cylinder piston unit 17, in which the working medium of the hydraulic circuit for the rotating mechanism 7 flows, whereby the actuator 15 is moved from the open position shown in the drawing to a delivery. If the pressure in the slewing gear drops, the actuator 16 is pushed back into the open position by the spring 16.
  • a separate actuator 19 can also be provided in the pressure medium circuit 2, e.g. serves to relieve pressure in the pressure medium circuit.
  • the feed motor 20 is provided in the pressure medium circuit 3, the direction of rotation of which can be reversed via the actuator 21, or the hydraulic circuit to the pump 6 can be short-circuited, as a result of which no pressure medium reaches the feed motor 20.
  • the actuator 21 has a piston-cylinder unit 22 which has two pressure chambers.
  • the actuator 25 in turn has a spring 27 and a piston-cylinder unit 28 which is connected via a control line 29 to the pressure medium supply line to the rotary motor 7.
  • the actuator 25 is actuated so that the flow direction of the compressed air in the lines 23, 24 is reversed, which causes actuation of the actuator 21 so that the direction of rotation of the feed motor is reversed. If there is pressure relief, the actuator 25 is actuated by the spring 27 so that the original feed direction can be restored.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum schlagenden Bohren in Gestein oder dergleichen mit einem mit Druckmedium, insbesondere Druckflüssigkeit betreibbaren Drehwerk, Schlagwerk und Vorschubmotor, die über Druckmediumsleitungen, welche Stellorgane, z.B. Ventile oder dergleichen, aufweisen, mit einer oder mehreren Druckquellen verbunden sind, wobei von der Druckmediumszuleitung des Drehwerks eine Steuerleitung zu einem Stellorgan in der Druckmediumszuleitung des Schlagwerks vorgesehen ist.The invention relates to a device for impact drilling in rock or the like with a rotary mechanism, impact mechanism and feed motor which can be operated with pressure medium, in particular hydraulic fluid, and which are connected via pressure medium lines, which actuators, e.g. Valves or the like, are connected to one or more pressure sources, a control line being provided from the pressure medium supply line of the rotating mechanism to an actuator in the pressure medium supply line of the impact mechanism.

Bei Bohrmaschinen, insbesondere hydraulischen Gesteinsbohrmaschinen, sind drei verschiedene Motoren vorgesehen. Einerseits muß der Bohrstahl über einen Drehmotor gedreht werden, andererseits ist für die Ausübung von einzelnen Schlägen auf den Bohrstahl ein weiterer Motor erforderlich. Für den Vorschub des Bohrstahls in das Gestein ist bei maschingehaltenen Bohrmaschinen ein eigener Vorschubmotor auch noch vorzusehen. Um entsprechende Bohrleistung zu erbringen, muß eine enge Abstimmung der Leistung des Schlagwerkes und des Vorschubmotors erfolgen. Diese Koordination ist jedoch in Anbetracht der Verschiedenartigkeit des zu bohrenden Materials außerordentlich schwierig. Ist der Vorschub des Bohraggregates zu groß, so kann es z.B. zu einem sogenannten Festbohren kommen, wobei entweder der Bohrstahl oder die denselben betätigenden Motoren zu Schaden kommen können.Three different motors are provided for drilling machines, in particular hydraulic rock drilling machines. On the one hand, the drill steel has to be rotated by means of a rotary motor, on the other hand, another motor is required for the application of individual blows on the drill steel. A separate feed motor must also be provided for the drilling steel in the rock in machine-held drilling machines. In order to achieve appropriate drilling performance, the performance of the striking mechanism and the feed motor must be closely coordinated. However, this coordination is extremely difficult given the diversity of the material to be drilled. If the feed of the drilling unit is too large, it can e.g. come to a so-called hard drilling, whereby either the drill steel or the motors actuating the same can be damaged.

Aus den oben angeführten Gründen wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, den Vorschubmotor und den Rotationsmotor bei einer hydraulischen Bohrmaschine, bezogen auf den hydraulischen Kreis, in Reihe zu schalten. Damit wird zwar bewirkt, daß bei einem sich nur langsam drehenden Bohrer, wie es bei großer Belastung der Fall ist, der Vorschub nur gering ist, jedoch bleibt die Steuerung der Schlagvorrichtung hiebei unberührt. Es werden somit unabhängig von dem Widerstand, den das Gestein entgegensetzt, Schläge mit gleichbleibender Energie abgegeben, wodurch es zur Beschädigung des Schlagwerks kommen kann und gleichzeitig nur ein unerwünscht niedriger Bohrfortschritt erreichbar ist.For the reasons given above, it has already been proposed to connect the feed motor and the rotary motor in series in a hydraulic drilling machine, based on the hydraulic circuit. This causes the feed to be only slight when the drill rotates slowly, as is the case with high loads, but the control of the striking device remains unaffected. Irrespective of the resistance that the rock opposes, impacts with constant energy are emitted, which can damage the striking mechanism and at the same time only achieve an undesirably low drilling rate.

Aus der US-A- 3 979 944 wird eine hydraulische Bohrmaschine zum schlagenden Bohren bekannt, die ein Drehwerk, ein Schlagwerk und einen Vorschubmotor aufweist. Das Drehwerk, das Schlagwerk und der Vorschubmotor sind miteinander hydraulisch verbunden, wobei drei voneinander unabhängig arbeitende hydraulische Pumpen vorgesehen sind. Der hydraulische Schaltkreis des Vorschubmotors weist ein Ein- und Ausschaltventil auf. Der hydraulische Schaltkreis für das Drehwerk ist über ein Ventil mit dem hydraulischen Schaltkreis für das Schlagwerk verbunden. Die Aufgabe dieses Ventiles ist, wenn der Druck im Drehwerkskreis zu gering ist, zu öffnen, um einen Druckangleich zwischen dem hydraulischen Kreis für das Schlagwerk und jenem für das Drehwerk durchzuführen. Weiters ist eine direkte Verbindung des hydraulischen Kreislaufes vom Vorschubmotor mit jenem des Schlagwerkes über ein Ventil vorgesehen, wobei mit sinkendem Druck im Schlagwerk ebenfalls der Druck im Vorschubkreislauf gesenkt werden soll. Von der Druckmediumsleitung vom Drehwerk zweigt eine Steuerleitung ab, über die ein Ventil im Schlagwerkskreislauf betätigt wird, wodurch eine Druckabsenkung im Schlagwerkskreis erreicht werden kann. Vom Schlagwerkskreislauf zweigt wieder eine Steuerleitung zu einem Ventil ab, welches eine Umkehr der Bewegungsrichtung des Vorschubmotors bewirkt. Eine derartige Steuerung ist jedoch aufgrund der großen Trägheit derselben nicht für den schwierigen Einsatz geeignet. Die Trägheit wird dadurch bedingt, daß durch den Druckanstieg beim Drehwerkskreislauf eine Absenkung des Drucks im Schlagwerkskreislauf bewirKt wird, wo dann durch den abgesenkten Druck im Schlagwerkskreislauf eine Umkehr der Drehrichtung des Vorschubmotors erfolgt. Eine erneute Umkehr der Bewegungsrichtung des Vorschubmotors erfolgt erst dann wieder, wenn ein entsprechender Druckanstieg im Schlagwerkskreis eingetreten ist. Damit führt die Bohrmaschine bei der Vorwärtsbewegung Leerschläge oder nicht volle Schläge gegen das Gestein aus, so daß es zu entsprechenden Langzeitschäden an der Maschine kommen muß. Weiters besteht die Gefahr, daß bei einem besonders geringen Widerstand im Gestein, sei es durch Hohlräume oder Einschlüsse von besonders weichem Gestein, ein Druckabfall im Schlagwerk eintreten kann, wodurch erneut ein Rückziehen des Bohraggregates bedingt ist, das bohrtechnisch jedoch nicht begründet ist.From US-A-3 979 944 a hydraulic drilling machine for impact drilling is known which has a rotating mechanism, an impact mechanism and a feed motor. The slewing gear, the striking mechanism and the feed motor are hydraulically connected to one another, three hydraulic pumps operating independently of one another being provided. The hydraulic circuit of the feed motor has an on and off valve. The hydraulic circuit for the slewing gear is connected to the hydraulic circuit for the striking mechanism via a valve. The task of this valve is to open when the pressure in the slewing ring is too low in order to adjust the pressure between the hydraulic circuit for the striking mechanism and that for the rotating mechanism. Furthermore, a direct connection of the hydraulic circuit from the feed motor to that of the percussion mechanism via a valve is provided, the pressure in the feed circuit also to be reduced as the pressure in the percussion mechanism decreases. A control line branches off the pressure medium line from the slewing gear, via which a valve in the percussion mechanism circuit is actuated, as a result of which a pressure reduction in the percussion mechanism circuit can be achieved. A control line branches off from the percussion mechanism circuit to a valve, which reverses the direction of movement of the feed motor. However, due to its great inertia, such a control is not suitable for difficult use. The inertia is due to the fact that the pressure in the rotating mechanism circuit causes a lowering of the pressure in the hammer mechanism circuit, where the pressure in the hammer mechanism circuit then reverses the direction of rotation of the feed motor. The direction of movement of the feed motor is only reversed again when a corresponding pressure increase in the percussion mechanism circuit has occurred. Thus, the drill performs empty blows or not full blows against the rock during the forward movement, so that there must be corresponding long-term damage to the machine. There is also the risk that if the resistance in the rock is particularly low, whether due to cavities or inclusions of particularly soft rock, a drop in pressure in the striking mechanism may occur, which in turn causes the drilling unit to be withdrawn, but this is not justified by drilling technology.

Es ist nach US-A- 4 356 871 eine Vorrichtung zum schlagenden Bohren in Gestein bekannt. Über ein hydraulisches System werden die Vorschub-, Dreh- und Schlagbewegungen der Bohrwelle erzeugt. Mit Hilfe von Stellorganen, die über Druckmediumsleitungen mit den Druckquellen verbunden sind, werden die Stellmotoren gesteuert. Dabei wird das Schlagwerk über den Druck in der Druckmediumsleitung zum Vorschubmotor geregelt.According to US-A-4,356,871, a device for impact drilling in rock is known. The feed, rotation and impact movements of the drilling shaft are generated by a hydraulic system. The servomotors are controlled with the aid of actuators which are connected to the pressure sources via pressure medium lines. The hammer mechanism is controlled by the pressure in the pressure medium line to the feed motor.

Aus US-A- 4 006 783 ist bekannt in einer ähnlich aufgebauten Vorrichtung, die auf das Bohrwerkzeug abgegebene Schlagenergie über den Druck im Hydraulikkreislauf des Drehwerks zu regeln.From US-A-4 006 783 it is known in a similarly constructed device to regulate the impact energy delivered to the drilling tool via the pressure in the hydraulic circuit of the slewing gear.

Nach Energie Fluid, Band 20, Nr. 8, Seiten 105-108 ist eine Vorschubregelung bekannt, die den Druck im Drehkreislauf dazu benützt, das Bohrwerkzeug bei Überschreiten eines Schwellendrucks zurückzufahren und neu anzusetzen. Es wird ein elektrisch geschalteter Steuerkreislauf verwendet.According to Energie Fluid, Volume 20, No. 8, pages 105-108, a feed control is known which uses the pressure in the rotary circuit to retract the drilling tool and to start again when a threshold pressure is exceeded. An electrically switched control circuit is used.

Nachteilig ist bei diesen bekannten Ausführungen, daß jeweils nur der Vorschub in Abhängigkeit vom Druck im Drehwerkskreislauf geregelt wird und somit eine genaue Anpassung an den jeweiligen Betriebszustand nur bedingt möglich ist.A disadvantage of these known designs is that only the feed is regulated depending on the pressure in the rotating gear circuit and thus an exact adaptation to the respective operating state is only possible to a limited extent.

Die Erfindung hat sich zur Aufgabe gestellt, eine Vorrichtung zum schlagenden Bohren zu schaffen, die es erlaubt, bei unterschiedlichster Beschaffenheit des Gesteins und großem Bohrfortschritt, ein sogenanntes Festbohren des Bohrstahles im Gestein zu vermeiden, wobei gleichzeitig unnötige Verzögerungen während des Umschaltens und auch Leerschläge des Gerätes vermieden werden sollen. Erfindungsgemäß wird das Ziel dadurch erreicht, daß die Druckmediumszuleitungen zu Drehwerk, Schlagwerk und Vorschubmotor voneinander getrennt beziehungsweise parallel geschaltet sind und Steuerleitungen von der Druckmediumszufuhrieitung des Drehwerks zu den durch Überdruck in der Druckmediumszufuhrleitung zum Drehwerk steuerbaren Stellorganen in den Druckmediumszuleitungen zu Schlagwerk, Vorschubmotor und gegebenenfalls Drehwerk vorgesehen sind und daß zumindest eine Steuerleitung mit einem Stellorgan in einer weiteren Steuerleitung mit Preßluft verbunden ist und die weitere Steuerleitung mit dem Stellorgan der Druckmediumszuleitung des Vorschubmotors verbunden ist.The invention has set itself the task of creating a device for striking drilling, which allows so-called hard drilling of the drilling steel in the rock to be avoided with the most varied properties of the rock and great drilling progress, while at the same time unnecessary delays during switching and also blows the Device should be avoided. According to the invention, the goal is achieved in that the pressure medium feed lines to the slewing gear, Percussion mechanism and feed motor are separated from each other or connected in parallel and control lines from the pressure medium supply line of the slewing gear to the actuators controllable by overpressure in the pressure medium supply line to the slewing gear are provided in the pressure medium feed lines to the hammer mechanism, feed motor and possibly slewing gear and that at least one control line with an actuator in another Control line is connected to compressed air and the further control line is connected to the actuator of the pressure medium supply line of the feed motor.

Mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung ist gewährleistet, daß bei einem Ansteigen des Druckes z.B. über einen Schwellenwert im Drehwerk - wie er bei größerem Widerstand im Gestein auftritt - die Druckmediumszufuhr zum Schlagwerk entweder gedrosselt oder unterbunden werden kann und gleichzeitig auch direkt durch die Druckänderung im Kreislauf des Drehwerkes die Steuerung des Vorschubmotors durch Umkehr der Drehrichtung erreicht werden kann. Es ist somit sichergestellt, daß bei erhöhtem Druck in der Zuleitung des Drehwerks die Schlagenergie vermindert bzw. auf Null reduziert werden kann, wobei der Bohrer aus dem Bohrloch herausgezogen wird. Damit sinkt der Druck vor dem Drehwerk wieder ab, so daß gleichzeitig oder über entsprechende Drosseln verzögert eine Umkehr der Bewegungsrichtung des Vorschubmotors wieder erfolgt und die Schlagenergie im Schlagwerk wieder erhöht werden kann.Such a device ensures that when the pressure rises, e.g. Via a threshold value in the slewing gear - as occurs with greater resistance in the rock - the pressure medium supply to the striking mechanism can either be throttled or prevented and at the same time the feed motor can be controlled directly by changing the pressure in the circuit of the slewing gear by reversing the direction of rotation. It is thus ensured that the impact energy can be reduced or reduced to zero with increased pressure in the feed line of the slewing gear, the drill being pulled out of the borehole. The pressure in front of the slewing gear thus drops again, so that, at the same time or with appropriate throttles, the direction of movement of the feed motor is reversed again and the impact energy in the striking mechanism can be increased again.

Wenn alle Steuerleitungen zu den Stellorganen gleichartig, insbesondere mit Preßluft beaufschlagbar sind, so können die Stellorgane besonders einfach und wirksam bedient werden, wobei der apparative Aufwand besonders gering zu halten ist.If all control lines to the actuators are of the same type, in particular to which compressed air can be applied, the actuators can be operated in a particularly simple and effective manner, the outlay on equipment being kept particularly low.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung, einer schematischen Darstellung eines Schaltkreises einer schlagenden, hydraulischen Bohrmaschine näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the drawing, a schematic representation of a circuit of an impacting, hydraulic drilling machine.

Es sind drei hydraulische Druckmediumskreisläufe 1, 2 und 3 vorgesehen, die eigene Pumpen 4, 5 und 6 aufweisen. Der Druckmediumskreislauf 1 dient zur Betätigung des Drehmotors 7. Im Druckmediumskreislauf ist ein Stellorgan 8 vorgesehen, welches einerseits den Druckmediumskreislauf von der Pumpe 4 kurzschließen kann (gezeigte Darstellung) bzw. zwei verschiedene Geschwindigkeiten des Drehwerks erlaubt. Das Stellorgan 8, z.B. ein Ventilschieber, kann über ein Solenoid 9 betätigt werden, welches über einen druckempfindlichen Schalter 10 und Stromquelle 11 betätigt werden kann. Der druckempfindliche Schalter 10 weist eine Steuerleitung 12 auf, die in die Druckmediumszuleitung 13 zu Drehwerk 7 unmittelbar vor demselben mündet. Mit einer derartigen Schaltung kann bei Überschreiten eines bestimmten Druckes in der Zuleitung zum Drehwerk des Stellorgan 8 betätigt werden, wodurch es zur Änderung der Drehgeschwindigkeit oder zur Unterbrechung der Zufuhr des Druckmediums zum Drehwerk kommt. Sinkt sodann der Druck, z.B. weil der Bohrstahl aus dem Bohrloch teilweise herausgefahren wurde, so kann erneut die Zufuhr des Druckmediums oder die Änderung der Drehgeschwindigkeit des Drehwerkes 7 erfolgen.Three hydraulic pressure medium circuits 1, 2 and 3 are provided, which have their own pumps 4, 5 and 6. The pressure medium circuit 1 serves to actuate the rotary motor 7. An actuator 8 is provided in the pressure medium circuit, which on the one hand can short-circuit the pressure medium circuit from the pump 4 (shown illustration) or allows two different speeds of the rotating mechanism. The actuator 8, e.g. a valve spool can be operated via a solenoid 9, which can be operated via a pressure-sensitive switch 10 and current source 11. The pressure-sensitive switch 10 has a control line 12 which opens into the pressure medium supply line 13 to the rotating mechanism 7 immediately before it. With such a circuit can be actuated when a certain pressure in the supply line to the rotating mechanism of the actuator 8 is exceeded, which leads to a change in the speed of rotation or to an interruption in the supply of the pressure medium to the rotating mechanism. Then the pressure drops, e.g. because the drilling steel has been partially moved out of the borehole, the supply of the pressure medium or the change in the rotational speed of the rotating mechanism 7 can take place again.

Der Druckmediumskreislauf 2 weist einen Schlagmotor 14 auf, in diesem ist ein Stellorgan 15 vorgesehen, das über eine Feder 16 in seiner Lage gehalten wird. Das Stellorgan weist weiters ein Kolbenzylinderaggregat 17 auf, dessen Druckraum über eine Steuerleitung 18 mit der Druckmediumszuleitung 13 zum Drehwerk 7 verbunden ist. Steigt der Druck in der Druckmediumszuleitung zum Drehwerk 7 an, so wird z.B. bei Überschreitung eines bestimmten Schwellenwertes das Stellorgan 15 über das Zylinderkolbenaggregat 17, in dem das Arbeitsmedium des hydraulischen Kreises für das Drehwerk 7 fließt, betätigt, wodurch das Stellorgan 15 von der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Offenstellung in eine Zustellung verbracht wird. Sinkt der Druck im Drehwerk, so wird durch die Feder 16 das Stellorgan wieder in Offenstellung zurückgeschoben. Es kann im Druckmediumskreislauf 2 auch ein eigenes Stellorgan 19 vorgesehen werden, das z.B. zur Druckentlastung im Druckmediumskreislauf dient.The pressure medium circuit 2 has an impact motor 14, in which an actuator 15 is provided which is held in position by a spring 16. The actuator also has a piston-cylinder unit 17, the pressure chamber of which is connected via a control line 18 to the pressure medium supply line 13 to the rotating mechanism 7. If the pressure in the pressure medium supply line to the slewing gear 7 increases, e.g. when a certain threshold value is exceeded, the actuator 15 is actuated via the cylinder piston unit 17, in which the working medium of the hydraulic circuit for the rotating mechanism 7 flows, whereby the actuator 15 is moved from the open position shown in the drawing to a delivery. If the pressure in the slewing gear drops, the actuator 16 is pushed back into the open position by the spring 16. A separate actuator 19 can also be provided in the pressure medium circuit 2, e.g. serves to relieve pressure in the pressure medium circuit.

Im Druckmediumskreislauf 3 ist der Vorschubmotor 20 vorgesehen, dessen Drehrichtung über das Stellorgan 21 umgekehrt werden kann, bzw. es kann der hydraulische Kreislauf zur Pumpe 6 kurzgeschlossen werden, wodurch kein Druckmedium zum Vorschubmotor 20 gelangt. Das Stellorgan 21 weist ein Kolbenzylinderaggregat 22 auf, das über zwei Druckräume verfügt. In diese Druckräume münden Steuerleitungen 23, 24, die ein eigenes Steuermedium, und zwar Preßluft, enthalten. Diese Steuerleitungen führen zu einem Stellorgan 25, das mit einer Preßluftquelle 26 verbunden ist. Das Stellorgan 25 weist seinerseits eine Feder 27 und ein Kolbenzylinderaggregat 28 auf, welches über eine Steuerleitung 29 mit der Druckmediumzuführleitung zum Drehmotor 7 verbunden ist. Wird ein bestimmter Druck in der Druckmediumszufuhrleitung überschritten, so wird das Stellorgan 25 betätigt, so daß die Flußrichtung der Preßluft in den Leitungen 23, 24 umgekehrt wird, welches eine Betätigung des Stellorganes 21 bewirkt, so daß die Drehrichtung des Vorschubmotors umgekehrt wird. Kommt es zur Druckentlastung, so wird das Stellorgan 25 durch die Feder 27 betätigt, so daß die ursprüngliche Vorschubrichtung wieder hergestellt werden kann.The feed motor 20 is provided in the pressure medium circuit 3, the direction of rotation of which can be reversed via the actuator 21, or the hydraulic circuit to the pump 6 can be short-circuited, as a result of which no pressure medium reaches the feed motor 20. The actuator 21 has a piston-cylinder unit 22 which has two pressure chambers. Control lines 23, 24, which contain their own control medium, namely compressed air, open into these pressure chambers. These control lines lead to an actuator 25 which is connected to a compressed air source 26. The actuator 25 in turn has a spring 27 and a piston-cylinder unit 28 which is connected via a control line 29 to the pressure medium supply line to the rotary motor 7. If a certain pressure in the pressure medium supply line is exceeded, the actuator 25 is actuated so that the flow direction of the compressed air in the lines 23, 24 is reversed, which causes actuation of the actuator 21 so that the direction of rotation of the feed motor is reversed. If there is pressure relief, the actuator 25 is actuated by the spring 27 so that the original feed direction can be restored.

Beim schlagenden Bohren im Gestein tritt nun bei einem erhöhten Widerstand folgende Vorgangsweise ein. Durch den Druckanstieg in der Druckmediumszuleitung 13 wird die Betätigung des Schlagwerkes entweder unterbunden oder mit geringerer Energie fortgesetzt, wobei gleichzeitig der Vorschubmotor 20 seine Drehrichtung ändert, so daß der Bohrstahl teilweise aus dem Bohrloch gefahren wird. Damit verringert sich der Druck in der Zuleitung zum Drehwerk 7, so daß die Drehrichtung des Vorschubmotors 20 geändert wird, wodurch der Vorschubmotor erneut in Bohrrichtung dreht. Die Schlagenergie des Schlagwerkes 14 wird sodann auf den erwünschten Wert wieder angehoben. Tritt nun erneut der hohe Widerstand auf, so wiederholt sich der gesamte Vorgang, d.h., die Vorrichtung führt bei einem erhöhten Widerstand im Gestein, eine hin- und hergehende Bewegung aus, wodurch einerseits eine Beschädigung der gesamten Vorrichtung samt Bohrer vermieden wird und anderseits ein besonders hoher Bohrfortschritt erreichbar ist.When drilling in the rock, the following procedure now occurs with increased resistance. Due to the pressure increase in the pressure medium supply line 13, the actuation of the striking mechanism is either prevented or continued with less energy, the feed motor 20 simultaneously changing its direction of rotation, so that the drill steel is partially moved out of the borehole. This reduces the pressure in the feed line to the slewing gear 7, so that the direction of rotation of the feed motor 20 is changed, as a result of which the feed motor rotates again in the drilling direction. The impact energy of the striking mechanism 14 is then raised again to the desired value. If the high resistance occurs again, the entire process is repeated, ie the device leads to an increased resistance in the rock, a back and forth movement, whereby on the one hand damage to the entire device including the drill is avoided and on the other hand a particularly high drilling progress can be achieved.

Claims (2)

1. A device for percussion drilling in rock or the like having a rotary mechanism (7) which is drivable with a pressure medium, in particular a pressure fluid, a percussion mechanism (14), and a forward-feed motor (20), which are connected to one or more pressure sources (4, 5, 6) via pressure medium lines (1, 2, 3) having adjusting means (8, 15, 21), e.g. valves or the like, a control line (18) being provided from the pressure medium feed line (1) of the rotary mechanism (7) to an adjusting means (15) in the pressure medium feed line (2) of the percussion mechanism (4), characterised in that the pressure medium feed lines (1, 2, 3) are connected to the rotary mechanism (7), the percussion mechanism (14), and the forward-feed motor (20) separately or in parallel, and control lines (12, 18, 29) are provided from the pressure medium feed line (13) of the rotary mechanism (7) to the adjusting means (8, 15, 21) in the pressure medium feed lines to the percussion mechanism (14), the forward-feed motor (20), and optionally the rotary mechanism (7) which adjusting means are controllable by excess pressure in the pressure medium feed line (13) to the rotary mechanism (7), and in that at least one control line (29) having an adjusting means (28) is connected to a further control line (23, 24) with compressed air, and the further control line (23, 24) is connected to the adjusting means (21) of the pressure medium feed line of the forward-feed motor (20).
2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that all the control lines to the adjusting means are actuable in the same manner, ÎI1 particular with compressed air.
EP19840890204 1983-11-08 1984-10-31 Percussion drill controls Expired EP0145701B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0393183A AT381363B (en) 1983-11-08 1983-11-08 DEVICE FOR IMPACTING DRILLING
AT3931/83 1983-11-08

Publications (2)

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EP0145701A1 EP0145701A1 (en) 1985-06-19
EP0145701B1 true EP0145701B1 (en) 1988-04-20

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EP19840890204 Expired EP0145701B1 (en) 1983-11-08 1984-10-31 Percussion drill controls

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EP (1) EP0145701B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60112987A (en)
AT (1) AT381363B (en)
DE (1) DE3470582D1 (en)
FI (1) FI81886C (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU584794B2 (en) * 1986-04-24 1989-06-01 Steel Engineering Company Limited; The Hydraulically powered rotary percussive machines
FI904366A0 (en) * 1989-11-08 1990-09-04 Sulzer Ag HYDRAULIC BORROWING FOR OVERFLOWERS FOR ANALYZING.
FI90276C (en) * 1991-01-03 1994-01-10 Tamrock Oy Procedure for drilling a hole in rock
EP0906811B1 (en) * 1997-10-03 2002-05-15 SIG Produktionstechnik AG Drill hammer
FI20030115A (en) 2003-01-24 2004-07-25 Sandvik Tamrock Oy Hydraulic system for quarrying equipment and method for adjusting rock drill power
FI121027B (en) 2004-09-24 2010-06-15 Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy Procedure for controlling striking rock drilling, software product and rock drilling device

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3823784A (en) * 1973-06-08 1974-07-16 Dresser Ind Method and apparatus for controlling hydraulic drifters
FI55892C (en) * 1974-03-18 1979-10-10 Tampella Oy Ab HYDRAULISK BORRMASKIN I SYNNERHET BERGBORRNINGSMASKIN
US4006783A (en) * 1975-03-17 1977-02-08 Linden-Alimak Ab Hydraulic operated rock drilling apparatus
US4074771A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-02-21 Joy Manufacturing Company Rock drill
FI56723C (en) * 1978-05-11 1980-03-10 Tampella Oy Ab STYRNINGSSYSTEM FOER BORRMASKIN
JPS5655684A (en) * 1979-10-06 1981-05-16 Toyo Kogyo Co Feed controller circuit for hydraulic rock driller

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FI81886B (en) 1990-08-31
EP0145701A1 (en) 1985-06-19
ATA393183A (en) 1986-02-15
DE3470582D1 (en) 1988-05-26
AT381363B (en) 1986-10-10
FI81886C (en) 1990-12-10
JPS60112987A (en) 1985-06-19
FI844200L (en) 1985-05-09
FI844200A0 (en) 1984-10-25

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