EP0143719B1 - Elektrischer Dampferzeuger - Google Patents

Elektrischer Dampferzeuger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0143719B1
EP0143719B1 EP84402423A EP84402423A EP0143719B1 EP 0143719 B1 EP0143719 B1 EP 0143719B1 EP 84402423 A EP84402423 A EP 84402423A EP 84402423 A EP84402423 A EP 84402423A EP 0143719 B1 EP0143719 B1 EP 0143719B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam generator
generator according
water
liquid
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84402423A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0143719A1 (de
Inventor
Georges Jean Daney
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electricite de France SA
Original Assignee
Electricite de France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electricite de France SA filed Critical Electricite de France SA
Priority to AT84402423T priority Critical patent/ATE34444T1/de
Publication of EP0143719A1 publication Critical patent/EP0143719A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0143719B1 publication Critical patent/EP0143719B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
    • F22B1/284—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically with water in reservoirs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steam generator.
  • Resistance type electric steam generators used in industry usually include a closed vessel or enclosure containing water, or other liquid, heated by electric resistance heating elements which are immersed in water or other liquid.
  • the heating elements used up to now consist of sealed insulating sheaths inside which electrical resistors are arranged which communicate their heat to the surrounding water through these sheaths.
  • FR-A-505.484 describes a steam generator in which a naked helical conductor is immersed in a liquid, being disposed inside an insulating tube having openings through which the liquid penetrates.
  • the insulating tube is arranged horizontally and the conductor is held in the tube by its ends.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known devices by producing an electric steam generator comprising electric heating means which can be supplied with high or medium voltage, having a high thermal transfer rate and in which the conventional heating elements are replaced. by new devices of simple and very economical manufacturing, allowing to realize high power units in a small volume.
  • the object of the invention is for this purpose an electric steam generator, of the type comprising a closed tank containing a liquid, a steam outlet duct, a liquid supply and / or return duct for condensed steam, electric resistance heating means constituted by bare wires immersed in the liquid, means connecting each of said resistors to a source of alternating electric current through the wall of the tank, and insulating screens between which said resistors are arranged, characterized in that that said bare wire of each resistor is mounted vibrating by being arranged so as to present parallel or roughly concentric strands offset on either side of a generatrix of an oblique surface.
  • said surface is conical or pyramidal, said wire forming a spiral whose turns are offset on either side of said surface, between two walls of an enclosure formed by said screens.
  • the steam generator comprises in known manner a tank 1 carried by feet 2, coated with a thermal insulator 3 and comprising at its upper part an opening 4 access, a steam outlet duct 5 and, at its lower part, a duct 6 for the return of condensed steam.
  • the generator operates on a three-phase current and comprises three identical heating devices 7, one for each phase of the supply current. Since they are identical only one of them will be described.
  • the heating device 7 comprises a non-insulated continuous conductor 8 immersed directly in the water contained in the tank 1.
  • the conductor 8 forms a spiral, the turns of which are arranged vertically behind a screen forming an insulating enclosure.
  • the upper end of the conductor 8 is connected by a conductor 9 to a supply terminal through the tank 1 by means of an insulator 11.
  • the lower end of the conductor 8 is connected by a conductor 12 to the ground, that is to say to the tank 1.
  • the spiral formed by the conductor 8 is disposed inside a double insulating enclosure which is formed, according to the example shown, by two concentric tubular screens 13 and 14 made of an electrically insulating material, arranged vertically, supported by a cross-member horizontal 15 and open at their ends.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view on a larger scale showing the arrangement of the conductor 8 in the insulating enclosure.
  • the upper end of the outer tube 13 extends above the level of the water, or other liquid contained in the tank, while the upper end of the inner tube 14 extends only a certain distance below from the surface of the water.
  • the turns formed by the naked conductor are offset on either side of a generator 16 of a frustoconical surface whose small base is located upwards, below the surface of the water, approximately at the level of the upper end of the inner tube 14 as shown in 17, at the connection of the upper end of the spiral with the phase conductor 9.
  • the turns 18 are held in position by means of elastic members 19 acting in traction and fixed alternately to the outside and inside tubes.
  • the lower end 20 of the spiral is connected to the ground as indicated above, that is to say to the tank 1.
  • each heating device being open at their lower end, a general circulation of water is established in the tank between the various devices, circulation which accelerates the rise in temperature of the liquid.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the fixing of the turns 18 of the conductor 8, in which the elastic members 19 are fixed on rigid uprights 24 made of an insulating material, for example ceramic, disposed between the concentric screens 13 and 14 .
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment of the heating devices in which the conductor 28 is arranged in an insulating enclosure constituted by a tube of oblong section, for example rectangular, the two large parallel walls 33 of which delimit a space in which the conductor 28 is arranged so as to have parallel strands 38.
  • the parallel strands 38 of the conductor 28 are generally arranged offset with respect to a generator 26 of an oblique surface, thus also producing vibrations of the strands, 38, which have the effect of detaching the Steam bubbles rising to the surface, carrying hot water inside the enclosure and at the same time inducing a call for cold water as indicated by the curved arrows in Figure 6.
  • the upper end of the conductor 28 is connected to the phase conductor 29 and its lower end is connected by a conductor 32 to the ground.
  • the strands 38 of the conductor can also be held in position by elastic members 29 in a manner similar to that described with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the strands 38 of the conductor are carried by rigid supports 30 by means of elastic members 29.
  • each heating device there is established in water, which is slightly conductive, an electric current between elements of the metallic conductor. with a potential difference. This current, parallel to the main current, also participates in the transmission of thermal energy to water.
  • the geometry of the devices, the cross sections of the current in the water, the distances between elements of conductors at different potentials, make it possible to predetermine, for a given supply voltage, the value of this current. This value is limited so that, depending on the nature and geometry of the conductor chosen, it does not cause, by hydrolysis, a hydrogen and oxygen content incompatible with use.
  • the nature and cross-sectional shape of the metallic conductor are chosen so that it withstands the high temperatures to which it is subjected in the generator, that it does not undergo oxidation or chemical attack at this temperature and has a resistivity sufficient electrical power so that it is not necessary to give it too long a length.
  • the electrical insulating screens between phases will be made of a material that does not absorb water under pressure, to preserve their insulating properties in permanent immersion, for example porcelain or a material plastic of the polytetrafluoroethylene type, or other.
  • the generator according to the invention makes it possible to use non-demineralized softened water, which constitutes yet another important advantage.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Humidification (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Elektrischer Dampferzeuger mit einem eine Flüssigkeit enthaltenden geschlossenen Kessel, einem Dampfaustrillsohr, einer Leitung für die Zuführung von Flüssigkeit und/oder Rückführung des kondensierten Dampfs, einer elektrischen Widerstandsheizung, bestehend aus in die Flüssigkeit getauchten blanken Drahlen, einer Einrichtung zum Anschließen jedes einzelnen elektrischen Widerstands an eine Wechselstromquelle durch die Wand des Kessels hindurch, und mit isolierenden Abschirmungen (13, 14, 33), zwischen denen die Widerstände angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der blanke Draht (18, 28) jedes Widerstands schwingungsfähig angebracht ist, wobei er so angeordnet ist, daß er parallele oder ungefähr konzentrische Stränge aufweist, die gegenüber einer Erzeugenden einer Schrägfläche nach beiden Seiten versetzt sind.
2. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannte Fläche konisch ist oder Pyramidenform hat, und daß der Draht (18) eine Spirale bildet, deren Windungen gegenüber der genannten Fläche zwischen zwei Wänden einer Umschließung, die von den Abschirmungen (13, 14, 33) gebildet wird, nach beiden Seiten versetzt ist.
3. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannte Umschließung von zwei konzentrischen rohrförmigen, an ihren Enden offenen Abschirmungen (13, 14) gebildet wird, die vertikalstehend ineinandergesetzt sind, und daß die rohrförmige äußere Abschirmung länger ist als die rohrförmige innere Abschirmung und über den Flüssigkeitsspiegel hinausragt.
4. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannte Fläche eine Ebene ist, und daß die parallelen Stränge des Drahtes (28) gegenüber dieser Ebene nach beiden Seiten versetzt sind in einer Umschließung, die von einer isolierenden, vertikalstehenden rohrförmigen Abschirmung (33) gebildet wird, die an ihren Enden offen ist und über den Flüssigkeitsspiegel hinausragt.
5. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das obere Ende der inneren rohrförmigen Abschirmung (14) unterhalb des Flüssigkeitsspiegels steht.
6. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt der isolierenden rohrförmigen Abschirmung (33) längliche Form hat.
7. Dampfgenerator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genannte blanke Draht (18, 28) mittels federnder Zwischenglieder (19, 29) an starren isolierenden Haltern aufgehängt ist.
8. Dampfgenerator nach Anspruch 2 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Halter von den Umschließungen (13, 14, 33) gebildet werden.
9. Dampfgenerator nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Halter von Ständern (24) gebildet werden, die im Inneren der Umschließungen (13, 33) angeordnet sind.
10. Dampfgenerator nach Anspruch 2 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder der schwingungsfähig angebrachten blanken Drähte (18,20) einerseits unmittelbar an eine Phase der genannten Stromquelle und andererseits an Masse des Kessels angeschlossen ist, der seinerseits an Erde liegt.
EP84402423A 1983-11-29 1984-11-28 Elektrischer Dampferzeuger Expired EP0143719B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84402423T ATE34444T1 (de) 1983-11-29 1984-11-28 Elektrischer dampferzeuger.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8319025 1983-11-29
FR8319025A FR2555709B1 (fr) 1983-11-29 1983-11-29 Generateur electrique de vapeur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0143719A1 EP0143719A1 (de) 1985-06-05
EP0143719B1 true EP0143719B1 (de) 1988-05-18

Family

ID=9294644

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84402423A Expired EP0143719B1 (de) 1983-11-29 1984-11-28 Elektrischer Dampferzeuger

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4605838A (de)
EP (1) EP0143719B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS60144501A (de)
AT (1) ATE34444T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1236152A (de)
DE (1) DE3471358D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2555709B1 (de)
NO (1) NO157272C (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2560729A1 (fr) * 1984-03-05 1985-09-06 Samyn Edouard Chaudiere electrique a resistance non isolee avec bac d'isolation et de reception et elimination des boues
ES8801425A1 (es) * 1986-06-23 1987-12-16 Sor Int Sa Perfeccionamientos en un aparato para producir la ebullicion del agua.
FR2661239B1 (fr) * 1990-04-18 1992-07-24 Ponant Ind Generateur de vapeur pour un humidificateur d'un systeme de conditionnement d'air.
DE102010018222B4 (de) 2010-04-23 2012-03-22 Krohne Ag Coriolis-Massedurchflussmessgerät
CN104411024B (zh) * 2014-11-06 2016-02-03 贵州航天电器股份有限公司 一种微型加热装置
IT201900009972A1 (it) * 2019-06-24 2020-12-24 Atihc Apparecchiatura per la cottura degli alimenti

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1548742A (en) * 1925-08-04 Apparatus for electrically heating liquids
US1320941A (en) * 1919-11-04 Frederick taylor
DE325316C (de) * 1918-11-04 1920-09-11 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Einbau der Heizwiderstaende in elektrisch beheizte Dampf- und Warmwasserkessel
US1448510A (en) * 1921-04-16 1923-03-13 Percy A E Armstrong Apparatus for electrical heating of fluids
US1725683A (en) * 1923-09-19 1929-08-20 Stubbs Walter Electric water heater of the nonstorage type
US1695803A (en) * 1924-05-10 1928-12-18 Eimer August Electric pressure generator
US1691943A (en) * 1925-03-19 1928-11-20 Steere Ernest Charles Electrical water heater
US2026809A (en) * 1933-11-20 1936-01-07 Sperry H Winn Electric water heater
FR779328A (fr) * 1933-12-22 1935-04-02 Chauffe-eau
US2149667A (en) * 1937-05-10 1939-03-07 Christine Ass Inc Fluid pressure generator
US2200265A (en) * 1938-05-26 1940-05-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Electric steam generator
US3025381A (en) * 1959-02-09 1962-03-13 Walter E Pickering Steam generator
US3346718A (en) * 1965-07-27 1967-10-10 Gerald J Cooley Electrically heated cryogenic liquid vaporizing apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1236152A (fr) 1988-05-03
NO844736L (no) 1985-05-30
EP0143719A1 (de) 1985-06-05
FR2555709B1 (fr) 1986-04-18
NO157272C (no) 1988-02-17
US4605838A (en) 1986-08-12
NO157272B (no) 1987-11-09
JPH0245082B2 (de) 1990-10-08
JPS60144501A (ja) 1985-07-30
ATE34444T1 (de) 1988-06-15
FR2555709A1 (fr) 1985-05-31
DE3471358D1 (en) 1988-06-23

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