EP0136310A1

EP0136310A1 - Combination of a cross-country ski binding and a thereto adapted shoe.

Info

Publication number: EP0136310A1
Application number: EP84900858A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Georg Falkenstein; Hans-Jurgen Kirsch
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1983-02-25
Filing date: 1984-02-24
Publication date: 1985-04-10
Also published as: EP0136310B1; DE8490038U1; DE3306618A1; WO1984003225A1

Abstract

Dispositif pour fixer une chaussure (12) à un ski (11), en particulier un ski de fond, avec un élément de couplage (10) permettant une flexion et situé dans un plan droit, qui est relié par son extrémité dirigée vers l'avant du ski au corps du ski (11) et qui peut être relié par l'autre extrémité, dirigée vers l'arrière, à la chaussure (12). Afin d'améliorer le transfert de force sur le ski, d'accroître le contact avec le ski, ainsi que de réduire les déformations de la chaussure, il est possible de relier l'élément de couplage (10), ayant de préférence la forme d'un ressort à lames, à la chaussure (12) par la zone (16) où repose la cambrure du pied, ou derrière celle-ci.Device for attaching a boot (12) to a ski (11), in particular a cross-country ski, with a coupling element (10) allowing flexion and situated in a straight plane, which is connected by its end directed towards the front of the ski to the ski body (11) and which can be connected by the other end, directed towards the rear, to the boot (12). In order to improve the transfer of force on the ski, to increase the contact with the ski, as well as to reduce the deformations of the boot, it is possible to connect the coupling element (10), preferably having the shape of a leaf spring, to the shoe (12) through the area (16) where the arch of the foot rests, or behind it.

Description

Cross-country ski bindings and appropriately adapted shoes.

description

The invention relates to a device for connecting a shoe to a ski according to the preamble of claim 1, and a correspondingly adapted shoe.

All known devices of this type are common to attach the shoe with its front end on the ski. For this purpose, the cross-country ski shoes are generally provided with a front tongue-shaped sole extension on which the shoe is fixed. The aim of this construction is to place the bending zone or bending line as far as possible in front of the shoe cap in order to obtain a "longer step" in this way. The situation is similar in the construction according to DE-OS 3 002 874, in which the cross-country ski boot does not have a sole extension, but is only provided with a U-shaped retaining bracket at its front end. With this retaining bracket, however, the cross-country ski boot is fixed to the rear end of a flexible elastic strap attached to the body with the ski front end in such a way that the flexible elastic strap acts as a front tongue-shaped sole.

OMPI is effective. The front tongue-shaped protrusion-Sohlen¬ is in the latter ^{'construction} therefore part of the ski binding and not part of the ski boot.

It has been shown in practice that during cross-country skiing with the known systems mentioned considerable deformations occur on the running shoe. This deformation work requires energy which is destroyed and can no longer be transferred to the ski and snow. It is therefore important that this deformation work is reduced to a minimum in order to be able to convert a maximum proportion of the energy applied by the rotor into speed. In the known systems, the deformations occur primarily in the binding area (binding connection), in the ball area, specifically in the longitudinal and transverse directions and in the upper part of the shoe. These deformations lead to be squeezed einge¬ the ^"toe between sole and shoe upper end of the rolling-off, which has stretch after a long running noticeable by blue toenails. The deformations ge called also affect the precise ski control for lack of precise contact between Foot and ski: The necessary work of deformation ultimately leads to premature fatigue of the feet, due to the fact that they are relatively far in front of the shoe cap

Attaching the boot to the ski body also affects the ski contact and the power transmission.

The basic technique for cross-country skiing is the diagonal step. There are three phases of movement in the diagonal step:

- rejection phase

- sliding phase and - swing phase.

OMPI These three movement phases merge into one another in a cyclical movement. In the conventional systems mentioned, the cross-country skier has to look for the optimal pressure phase very early on, due to the fact that the running shoe is fastened to the ski body very far in front of the toe cap. The effectiveness of the pressure phase is therefore reduced by the proportion of the force that the runner needs to overcome the sole resistance in the toe area of the running shoe when heel is raised. The cross-country skier can therefore not optimally apply the force in conventional shoe binding systems, since each time heels are lifted he uses unnecessary force to overcome the sole resistance and also the resistance of the shoe upper. The object of the present invention is to create a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which permits exact ski guidance and maximum power transmission to the ski and is reduced to a minimum by the deformation of the running shoes, so that a maximum proportion of the energy applied by the runner can be converted into speed.

This object is achieved in a surprisingly simple manner by the characterizing measures of claim 1, the running shoe adapted to the device according to the invention being characterized by the features of claims 17 and 18.

The construction according to the invention makes use of the knowledge that maximum power transmission from the foot to a surface takes place over the ball of the foot or over the metatarsal heads. By connecting the coupling element in the ball area of the boot or in the area of the metatarsal heads, maximum power transmission to the ski is achieved. That too is

This makes ski contact considerably better than with conventional borrow shoe binding systems in which the connection of the shoe to the ski body is in front of the toe cap, ie far in front of the ball area.

Experiments have shown that the constructive design of the invention according to claims 2, 3 and, if appropriate, 4 represents a particularly successful solution with regard to the ski contact, minimal deformation of the boot, maximum power transmission and anatomically correct biomechanics. The running shoe is adjusted during the entire movement phase by adapting the underside of the outsole in the area between the front end of the sole and the connection to the coupling element to the bending line, which is formed when the heel is lifted depending on the material selected and the dimensioning of the coupling element not deformed. At the same time, the introduction of force via the metatarsal heads is guaranteed. A system adapted to the anatomy and biomechanics has been created, in which the rolling and gripping movement of the foot can take place naturally. The movement phase is not hindered either by running shoe deformation or by unnatural kinking of the toe joints. The ski can be guided over the footballs with optimal contact feeling.

The additional arrangement of a contact bead on the coupling element in the area between the front sole end and the connection of the coupling element on the shoe ensures optimal contact from the start of the rolling phase. It is avoided that the front end of the shoe is in a free space at the start of the rolling phase the contact bead is designed to be elastically resilient in the direction approximately perpendicular to the ski top surface, so that a disruptive reaction pressure on the toes is reliably avoided.

The contact bulge allows the toes to be anatomically correct to grab.

The measures mentioned prevent fatigue of the feet or foot muscles and thus the cross-country skier. The toes are no longer squeezed in the front area of the shoe. The foot is held or embedded in the running shoe essentially without pressure during the entire movement phase during cross-country skiing.

With the running shoe adapted according to the invention it is also possible to walk like a normal walking shoe. The running shoe has no sole extensions or fastening brackets or the like which hinder walking.

The sole construction of the running shoe preferably comprises a thin insole, an outsole and an elastically flexible intermediate layer made of a foam arranged between them. Rubber, thermoplastics, reaction plastics, leather or the like can be used as the sole material. The soles can be produced in the injection molding process using thermoplastic polymers in the reaction injection molding process using reactive individual components, in the direct soling process using polyurethane 2-component systems or in the conventional embossing process.

With regard to even more advantageous further developments of the invention, reference is made to the remaining subclaims.

It should also be pointed out that a cross-country ski binding is known from CH-PS 574 745 with a pivot bearing arranged above the ski top surface for a pivot axis arranged in the outsole of the ski boot, the pivot axis being about 1/4 of the length of the shoe from that - ^ - ^ STcIdeckflache that the shoe when cross-country skiing around

Can be tilted 45 degrees forward. This known 5 construction is not suitable for cross-country skiing and would lead to devastating falls.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the attached drawing. Show it:

1 shows a first embodiment of a device designed according to the invention with a spring-leaf-like coupling element with the heel raised; FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment similar to that according to FIG. 1, in which the coupling element has a contact bead, likewise with the heel raised; Figure 3 shows the device of Figure 1 in a state in which the heel of the shoe rests on the ski deck surface;

FIG. 4 shows the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale? FIG. 5 shows the coupling element with part of a first embodiment of a locking or binding mechanism in a top view;

FIG. 6 the outsole and the binding parts anchored in this complementary to the binding mechanism according to FIG. 5 in section; FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of a binding mechanism in side view;

Figure 8 shows the coupling element for the binding mechanism of Figure 7 in plan view; 9 shows a third execution orm ^~ cϊer inventive device with a Fersenarretierung on Ko ~> p-35 lung element in a schematic side view, and

Fig.10 The embodiment corresponds to Fig. 6 and 7 with additional and 11 .. set latching mechanism In the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 4, a cross-country ski boot or running shoe 12 is connected to a ski body 11 via a coupling element 10, which is flexible in an upright plane, in the form of a spring leaf made of cold-stable, mechanically highly resilient material, in this way that the coupling of the running shoe 12 to the coupling element 10 takes place in the ball area or in the region of the metatarsal heads. This connection point is identified by the reference number 16 in FIGS. 1 to 4. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the flexible coupling element has a contact bead 17 in front of the connection point 16 or in the area between the same and the front end of the running shoe 12, said contact bead 17 making optimal contact with the ski body 11 during the entire movement phase of the running shoe, in particular during the Start of lifting the heel heel 14 from the ski body, guaranteed. The contact bead according to FIGS. 2 and 4 is formed by an upwardly convex curvature of the leaf spring-like coupling element 10 which extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the ski.

As can also be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the underside of the outsole 13 is in the area in front of the connection point 16, i.e. in the area between the same and the front end of the sole or shoe, for example to match the bending line of the coupling element 10, which arises when the heel 14 is lifted off the ski body 11. The leaf spring-like coupling element 10 is attached to the ski body 11 with its ski-front end. The attachment point is identified by the reference number 18 in FIGS. 1 to 3. .

The leaf spring-like coupling element 10 has a width corresponding approximately to the ski width. It can preferably be broadened in the area of the connection point 16 approximately to the width of the outsole.

O PI _m WIPO 1 The sole of the running shoe 12 comprises a thin insole (not shown), an outsole 13 and preferably an elastically flexible intermediate layer or midsole arranged between them, which can consist, for example, of a relatively soft foam. The outsole 13 and / or intermediate layer (not shown), with the formation of the curved outsole underside in the front outsole area, have a thickness r_X decreasing from the ball area (connection point 16) to the front sole end. The insole should extend unaffected from the ball area to the toe substantially horizontally, so that anatomically correct support of the foot in the running shoe 12 is guaranteed. This support remains with the connection described

15 of the running shoe on the ski body during the entire movement phase.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the leaf spring-like coupling element 10 extends over the whole

20 front sole area, i.e. beyond junction 16 towards the end of the ski. In this area, the coupling element serves as an intermediate support between the running shoe 12 and the ski body 11. On its upper side, it has an extension that extends in the longitudinal direction of the ski

25 guide rib 19 provided with a complementary

Guide groove cooperates on the underside of the outsole 13. The fastening points 20 of the leaf spring-like coupling element 10 on the ski body 11 are preferably chosen so that subsequent installation is also possible

30 is possible with all conventional cross-country skis, provided that they comply with the Nordic standard (see Figure 5).

A first embodiment of a shoe locking or binding mechanism 35 is to be explained on the basis of FIGS. 5 and 6, which comprises two clamping tongues 20α on the upper side of the spring leaf-like coupling element 10,

OMPI * which are arranged diametrically to a blind hole-like receptacle 23 for a centering pin 21 on the underside of the shoe outsole 13. Under the clamping tongues 20a on the outsole 13 of the running shoe 12 arranged crossbars 22 can be inserted in a clamping manner according to type 5 of a bayonet catch. In Figure 5, the transverse webs 22 held by the clamping tongues 20a are shown in dash-dot lines. According to FIG. 6, the transverse webs 22 form integral components of the outsole 13. They are made from the sole material or from metal, such as high-grade steel, aluminum, or the like. The transverse webs 22 assigned to the clamping tongues 20a are arranged diametrically to the centering pin 21 already mentioned. As a result, the "boarding" or. Insertion of the crossbars 22 under the clamping tongues 20a is considerably facilitated by a 90 degree rotation of the boot relative to the ski body. In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the transverse webs 22 and the centering pin 21 are designed as a one-piece component which is firmly anchored in the outsole 13, preferably cast in when the outsole is manufactured. The crossbars 22 and the centering pin 21 are arranged within an outsole recess 24, preferably in such a way that they do not protrude from the underside of the outsole 13. This does not hinder normal walking with the running shoe designed according to the invention. As can also be seen in FIG. 6, the component 22, 21 extends almost over the entire width of the outsole in the ball area or in the area of the metatarsal heads. This ensures that the outsole is not deformed in the ball area by the repelling forces passing the ski. It is known that the ^'repulsive forces are transmitted clench indoor and Außen¬. The repulsive force of top cross-country skiers reaches twice the body weight, ie about 150 to 180 kp. Experience has shown that around 58% is transmitted via the inner bale and around 42% via the outer bale. With a shoe size 42, the ball points are approx. 77 mm apart. Usually the repulsive forces go past the only about 45 mm wide cross-country skis. If a shoe is absolutely stiff in the cross direction in the cross direction, it is not deformed by the repulsive forces passing the ski. The corresponding energy can be converted into speed.

The cross-country shoe can also be attached to the spring-leaf-like coupling element by means of a fixing sleeve arranged transversely through the outsole 13 and through the top of the coupling element 10, which can be inserted into corresponding outsole recesses such that they are aligned with the passage for the cross bolt . The cross bolt can preferably be locked in its fixing position by a locking element.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8 is for the purpose of connecting the shoe to the coupling element

10 on the underside of the outsole 13 a recording

25 arranged for the free end portion of the leaf spring-like coupling element 10. The receptacle 25 is formed by a passage 26, which is arranged on the underside of the outsole 13 and extends in the longitudinal direction of the shoe and extends backwards starting from the ball area over a length which corresponds to at least approximately twice the width of the leaf spring-like coupling element.

The rear free end section of the coupling element 10 is fixed within the passage 26 by means of complementary latching elements, according to FIG. 8 by latching cams 27 arranged laterally on the coupling element 10, which engage in corresponding latching depressions in the passage

26 can be snapped into place. In order to prevent the shoe 12 from sliding off the coupling element 10 even in the event of a very large pull, a securing pin 28 can also be provided which extends across the receptacle

OMPI 25 and the coupling element 10 extends through.

Another embodiment of the device according to the invention will be briefly explained with reference to FIG. This is characterized in that the flexurally elastic or leaf spring-like coupling element 10 extends behind the heel shoulder 14. The coupling of the running shoe 12 in the ball area (connection point 16) remains unchanged. In this embodiment, an additional Fixierunglδies heel heel 14 of the running shoe 12 is on

Coupling element 10 possible. This can be an advantage when touring. For coupling the heel heel 14, this has on its inside a forwardly extending projection 29, which in a corresponding latching opening 30 on the top of the

Coupling element 10 can be latched. For this purpose, a latching body 31 with the latching opening 30 already mentioned is arranged on the top of the coupling element in the area of the sole groove, ie immediately in front of the heel shoulder 14. The locking and fixing takes place by lowering the heel shoulder 14 onto the coupling element in the direction of the arrow "Z". For unlocking, the coupling element is pressed on the part 32 projecting beyond the heel heel by means of the cross-country ski pole downwards against the ski top surface or held against it and the heel is lifted off the ski body in the direction of arrow "A". The part 32 of the coupling element 10 which projects beyond the heel heel is designed in a notch-like manner in order to prevent the tip of the ski stick from slipping off. In order to avoid the normal cross-country skiing a constant engagement and disengagement of the heel heel 14, the detent body 31 is preferably displaceable in the longitudinal direction such that the ^• latching opening 30 in a position outside the movement path of the latching projection 29 can be brought. FIGS. 10 and 11 show the embodiment corresponding to FIGS. 6 and 7, only with the difference that an anchoring device 41 is provided instead of the locking pin 28. This comprises an anchoring trap in the form of a U-shaped sheet or the like, which extends approximately transversely to the spring-leaf-like coupling element 10 on the upper side thereof and has a front opening slot 42 into which an anchoring tab arranged on the underside of the outsole of the shoe 12 34 is insertable. A locking bead 33 is formed on the end of the anchoring tab 34 facing the heel. This anchoring device ensures that the cross-country shoe is not involuntarily removed from the leaf spring-like coupling element 10 during normal use. On the other hand, the resistance of the anchoring tab 34 is dimensioned such that the shoe 12 can be deliberately removed from the coupling element 10 by pulling the shoe 12 backwards while at the same time holding the corresponding cross-country ski. The anchoring tab 34 is preferably an integral part of the outsole 13 of the shoe 12 and has a transverse extent corresponding to the transverse extent of the anchoring trap 35. The anchoring trap 35 and the anchoring tab 34 are dimensioned or matched to one another such that the latching bead 33 after insertion of the coupling element 10 engages in the complementary receptacle 25, 26 on the underside of the outsole 13 when the front area of the shoe 12 is loaded into the opening slot 42 and is held by the anchoring trap 35. The shoe 12 can then no longer easily move to the right in FIG. 10. The anchoring tab 34 extending towards the heel of the shoe 12 is designed in such a way that it continuously adapts to the curvature of the underside of the outsole 13 in the front area of the shoe when the shoe rolls off.

EF V ^ <f _ == »-» « All features disclosed in the documents are claimed as essential to the invention, insofar as they are new compared to the prior art, individually or in combination.

OMPI

WIPO

Claims

Device for connecting a shoe to a ski, in particular for cross-country skiing, and correspondingly adapted shoe patent claims

1. Device for connecting a boot to a ski, in particular cross-country ski, with a coupling element (10) which is flexible in an approximately upright plane and which is connected at its front end to the ski body (11) and at its other or rearward end End of the shoe (12) can be connected or connected, characterized in that the connection of the coupling element (10) to the shoe

(12) in the bale area (16) of the same and / or behind.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling element is designed as a spring leaf and made of cold-stable, mechanically highly resilient material, such as stainless steel, plastic or the like.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the underside of the outsole (13) in the toe area or from the ball area to the front end of the sole in adaptation to the bending line of the coupling element (10), which when lifting the heel (Heel heel 14) from the ski body (11), is arched.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the sole of the shoe (12) is a thin insole, an outsole

(13) and preferably an elastically resilient intermediate layer arranged therebetween, characterized in that the outsole (13) and / or intermediate layer have a thickness decreasing from the ball area (16) to the front end of the sole, forming the curved outsole underside,

5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the outsole (13) made of thermoplastic, elastomers, reaction plastic, or from liquid at room temperature polyurethane 2-component systems.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coupling element (10) a below the toe area of the outsole (13) arranged or effective, extending approximately transversely to the shoe or ski longitudinal direction contact bead (17) having.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the outsole (13) in the area behind the coupling element (10) and / or in the heel area at least one groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the shoe or ski or has a rib which interacts positively with a complementary rib (19) or groove on or in the upper side of the ski.

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the coupling element (10) Bending in an upright plane favoring bending joints, beads or the like.

9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the shoe (12) with its outsole (13) on the coupling element (10) is positively and / or non-positively fixable.

10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the coupling element (10) is an integral part of the outsole (13).

11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that when the coupling element (10) is designed as a tongue-like spring leaf, the free end section of the same can be inserted into a complementary receptacle (25, 26) on the underside of the outsole (13) and detachably fixed therein, preferably snaps into place.

12. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the coupling element (10) has at least two clamping tongues (20 a), by means of which the shoe (12) on the coupling element (10) can be clamped, such that on the outsole (13 ) provided crossbars

(22) can be inserted under the clamping tongues (2Q-0.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the transverse webs (22) are integral components of the

Form outsole (13) and consist of the sole material or metal, such as stainless steel, aluminum, or the like.

14. The apparatus of claim 12 or 13, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the two clamping tongues (204 diametrically

OMP ^I? 1 to a centering pin (21) or a blind hole-like receptacle for such a one on the upper side of the coupling element facing the shoe (12). (10.) are arranged and that in the outsole (13) between the two

5 crossbars (22) a blind hole-like receptacle (23) for the. Centering pin (21) or such is provided.

15. The device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the coupling element (10) 10 extends under the shoe (12) to the heel shoulder (14) and with a heel heel (14) on the coupling element (10) fixing Holding device (15) is provided.

15 16. The apparatus of claim 15, characterized in that the holding device (15) releases the heel heel (14) under the action of predetermined side and / or tensile forces.

20 17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the coupling element (10) at least in the ball region of the shoe (12) or the outsole (13) is almost as wide as the outsole (13).

25 18. Cross-country shoe, especially for fixation in one

Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that means (21, 22) are provided in the ball area of the outsole (13) and / or behind it for connection to the binding parts (coupling 0 element 10) attached to the ski body, and in that the underside of the outsole (13) is arched upwards from the ball area (16-) to the front sole end, preferably due to a decreasing sole thickness from the ball area to the front sole end. 5

19. Cross-country shoe according to claim 18, characterized.

OMPI fay that the means for connecting the boot (12) to the binding parts (coupling element 10) connected to the ski body are anchored in the outsole (13), preferably in such a way that the anchoring extends almost over the entire width of the outsole (13) .