EP0134379A1 - Elément d'ancrage pour tirants dans le génie civil - Google Patents

Elément d'ancrage pour tirants dans le génie civil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0134379A1
EP0134379A1 EP83830151A EP83830151A EP0134379A1 EP 0134379 A1 EP0134379 A1 EP 0134379A1 EP 83830151 A EP83830151 A EP 83830151A EP 83830151 A EP83830151 A EP 83830151A EP 0134379 A1 EP0134379 A1 EP 0134379A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubular body
anchor element
correspondence
jacket
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83830151A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Giuseppe Giannone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BAUTEK Srl
Original Assignee
BAUTEK Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BAUTEK Srl filed Critical BAUTEK Srl
Priority to EP83830151A priority Critical patent/EP0134379A1/fr
Publication of EP0134379A1 publication Critical patent/EP0134379A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/805—Ground anchors with deformable anchoring members

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an anchor element for tie bars in civil works, particularly suitable for soils of poor solidity, as well as process for the installation of said anchor element.
  • anchor blocks are to be used in protection works in the mountains such as guards for rocks or avalanches
  • the imperviousness of the places and the morphology of the ground make the laying underground or formation of the anchor blocks extremely complex and heavy.
  • a main obj.ect of the present invention is therefore to pro pose an anchor element particularly suitable for grounds of poor solidity, which is structurally simple and easy to be installed and which allows to obtain, rapidly and at extremely low costs, a steady and safe anchor block capable of supporting considerable stretches.
  • Another object of the present invention is to obtain an anchor element easy to be formed using elements and materials commonly available on the market and moreover, which is convenient from the economic viewpoint.
  • an anchor element for tie bars in civil works characterized in that it corn prises a tubular body near its lower end and communicating with the inside of the tubular body by means of at least a through hole, said expandable jacket being capable of receiving cement mortar at the fluid state.
  • the anchor element presents, in correspondence to its lo was end, a drilling head coaxially fixed to the tubular bo dy and one or more through holes capable of putting the in side of the tubular body in communication with the external area near the drilling head, said tubular body being able to be connected to a drill and to a source of fluid under pres sure.
  • the invention also foresees a method for the installation of said anchor element, the process being characterized by the following steps: connection of the anchor element to a drill and to a source of fluid under pressure; ground drilling by means of a drilling head mounted at the lower end of the anchor element,with simultaneous introduction of fluid under pressure into anchor element tubular body so that said fluid, outcoming from the holes at the lower end of the tubular body, in correspondence to said drilling head performs the elimination of perforation rubble pushing it outside along the hollow space between the ex- pandable jacket and the hole walls; introduction into the anchor element tubular body of means capable of hydraulical ly closing said holes for the fluid under pressure; injection of
  • a main advantage of the anchor element according to the invention is its extremely rapid and easy installation. Furthermore, the dilatation of the expandable jacket as sociated to the tubular body causes on improvement in the compactness of the surrounding ground, thus further favouring the steadiness and safety of the anchorage.
  • the anchor element 1 essential ly comprises a tubular body 2 and an expandable jacket 3 associated to the tubular body itself near its lower end and communicating with the inside of the tubular body 2 by means of one more through holes 4.
  • the tubular body 2 is preferably, but not necessarily, approximately 3 meters long and can be made of stainless steel.
  • the 3-meter lenght of the tubular body is the one that proves to be usually sufficient, even with extremely non solid soils, to allow the anchor element to support stretches of the order of ten tons, for which it will be mainly used.
  • the tubular body 2 has a drilling head 5 which allows to drive the anchor ele ment into the ground.
  • the anchor element can be introduced into the ground by driving it directly by means of a pneumatic hammer, in the case in which the ground morphology allows it, or even by performing a suitable hole into which the anchor element is then introduced.
  • the expandable jacket 3 is formed by a lamina made of metal or plastic folded over along the tube according to a certain number of laps which develop semicircumferentially, as schematically shown in figure 3.
  • the lamina is integral to the external side walls of the tubular body so as to define, around the tubular body 2, a hermetically closed expandable chamber 6 having a substantially cylindrical configuration, said chamber 6 being in communication with the inside of the tu bular body 2 through the above mentioned through hole (s) 4 present in the tubular body itself.
  • the chamber 6 can be filled with cement mortar at the fluid state, at a relatively low pressure, generally of 1 5 bar.
  • a small injector can be sufficient to be connected to the upper end of the tubular body 2 and to be actuated even manually. Due to the introduction of the cement mortar at the fluid state, the expandable jacket I 3 swells acquiring a substantialliy cyclindrical shape with a diameter even 5 times larger than the starting one. The swelling of the jacket 3 until reaching the above mentioned cylindrical configuration makes first of all the surrounding ground more compact and moreover forms an anchor block directly in the ground.
  • the cylindrical configuration of the swelled jacket 3 is particularly advantageous, in that it easily supports the back thrust of the surrounding compressed ground and remains unchanged also when the pressure of the cement mortar falls down.
  • the configuration of the jacket 3, which is tapered at the lower and upper ends, is such that the rupture thereof may occur in correspondence to the top end of the uppe.r conical section. For this reason, the cylindrical configuration remains even after the jacket 3 breaks, which occurs with the continuous injection of the mortar into the annular jacket. Said breaking of the jacket 3 caused by the mortar is advisable, in that it allows to make the mortar itself to penetrate into the space existing between the tubular body and the upper section of the hole, so improving adherence to the ground of the anchor block which forms and also informing in a safe and immediate way of the accomplishment of the installation of the anchor element, bya ' n outflowing of the mortar from the ground.
  • the mortar hardens, it constitutes the anchor bulb and makes the jacket 3 superfluous, which therefore can be male .of normal steel or plastic material, with a cost decrease for the anchor element.
  • Figure 4 illustrates another embodiment of the anchor element according to the invention, which allows to easily introduce the anchor element into highly non solid ground in which penetration of the anchor element by simple hammering would be extremely slow and in which the walls of the eventual hole into which the anchor element has to be introduced would tend to slide down clogging up the hole itself.
  • the anchor element 10 presents a drilling head 15 coaxially fixed to the tubular body 12 and one or more through holes 16.
  • the drilling head 15 has a width larger than that of the tubular body 12 and expandable jacket 13, and such as to create during ground drilling a hollow space between the hole walls and the expandable jacket 13.
  • the upper end of the tubular body 12 presents a connection 17 in order to connect the anchor element to the spindle of a drill.
  • the tubular body 12 can be associated with an expandable jacket like the one of the anchor element of figure 1, or can be associated with an expandable jacket advantageously formed by two metal laminae 18 supported by the tubular body 12 on diametrally opposite sides, said laminae 18 being soldered to each other in correspondence to their edges and to the tubular body itself. (figure 5).
  • the laminae 18 form a kind of metal envelope which partially contains the tubular body 12, said metal envelope beingin communication with the inside of the tubular body through one or more through holes 14.
  • the ;ezpandable jacket thus formed is then rolled up around the tubular body 12 in the same rotation direction as that of the drill so that, during perforation, it does not tend to unroll interfering with the side walls of the hole.
  • the anchor element of figure 3 is installed by connecting it to a drill which makes it rotate around its own axis and simultaneously submits it to a hammering action from up downwards.
  • the anchor element also communicates with a source of fluid under pressure. Said fluid penetrates into the tubular body 12 and outcomes from the through holes 16, in correspondence to the drilling head 15.
  • the fluid under pressure which for instance can be simply air, performs elimination of the perforation rubble, pushing it outside along the hollow space between the hole walls and the expandable jacket 13 (figure 6 and 7).
  • a rubber ball 19 is introduced into the tubular body 12, said ball being suitable to hydraulically close the hole (s) 16 from which the fluid under pressure outflows (figures 8 and 9).
  • the cement grout is then introduced into the tubular body 12 and, through the holes 1'4, it penetrates inside the expandable jacket 13 causing its swelling (figure 10).
  • the closing action of the holes 16 by the rubber ball 19 is assured by the thrust action exercised by the grout on the ball itself which, due to its deformation, adheres to the side walls of the tubular body 12.
  • the anchor element according to the two above described embodiments can have different applications. However, it is particularly suitable for the anchorage of guards for rocks, guards for avalanches, to fix telephone and electrical poles, to reduce the size of fondation plynths subject to partializa- tion of the support section due to horizontal thrusts and very advantegeously substitutes the so-called concrete ballasts.
EP83830151A 1983-07-20 1983-07-20 Elément d'ancrage pour tirants dans le génie civil Withdrawn EP0134379A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP83830151A EP0134379A1 (fr) 1983-07-20 1983-07-20 Elément d'ancrage pour tirants dans le génie civil

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP83830151A EP0134379A1 (fr) 1983-07-20 1983-07-20 Elément d'ancrage pour tirants dans le génie civil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0134379A1 true EP0134379A1 (fr) 1985-03-20

Family

ID=8191607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83830151A Withdrawn EP0134379A1 (fr) 1983-07-20 1983-07-20 Elément d'ancrage pour tirants dans le génie civil

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0134379A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4773794A (en) * 1986-03-15 1988-09-27 International Intec Co. Injection anchors for placement in pre-drilled holes
WO2004018781A1 (fr) * 2002-08-23 2004-03-04 Soilex Ab Procede de fabrication d'un pieu ou d'une ancre de terre
JP2015110893A (ja) * 2013-11-07 2015-06-18 ライト工業株式会社 補強材及びその造成方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR788577A (fr) * 1935-04-09 1935-10-12 Procédé pour la construction de corps, pieux fixes et fondations dans le sol
US3270469A (en) * 1963-01-28 1966-09-06 Ct Ex De Rech S Et D Etudes Du Expansible, removable ground anchoring device
US3492823A (en) * 1967-03-30 1970-02-03 Tech Inc Const Method and apparatus for forming elongated hardened concrete bodies by pressure grouting
FR2123821A5 (fr) * 1971-02-02 1972-09-15 Brami Pierre
CH564654A5 (en) * 1973-01-17 1975-07-31 Otta Ladislav Ground anchor for bore mounting - has deformable body for making friction contact with borehole wall

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR788577A (fr) * 1935-04-09 1935-10-12 Procédé pour la construction de corps, pieux fixes et fondations dans le sol
US3270469A (en) * 1963-01-28 1966-09-06 Ct Ex De Rech S Et D Etudes Du Expansible, removable ground anchoring device
US3492823A (en) * 1967-03-30 1970-02-03 Tech Inc Const Method and apparatus for forming elongated hardened concrete bodies by pressure grouting
FR2123821A5 (fr) * 1971-02-02 1972-09-15 Brami Pierre
CH564654A5 (en) * 1973-01-17 1975-07-31 Otta Ladislav Ground anchor for bore mounting - has deformable body for making friction contact with borehole wall

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4773794A (en) * 1986-03-15 1988-09-27 International Intec Co. Injection anchors for placement in pre-drilled holes
WO2004018781A1 (fr) * 2002-08-23 2004-03-04 Soilex Ab Procede de fabrication d'un pieu ou d'une ancre de terre
JP2015110893A (ja) * 2013-11-07 2015-06-18 ライト工業株式会社 補強材及びその造成方法
JP2015110894A (ja) * 2013-11-07 2015-06-18 ライト工業株式会社 補強材及びその造成方法

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Effective date: 19851121

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Inventor name: GIANNONE, GIUSEPPE