Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/48—Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0036—Soil deposition preventing compositions; Antiredeposition agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
  • C11D1/06—Ether- or thioether carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• This invention relates to liquid disinfectant laundry detergents having valuable anti-soil redeposition properties and to the method of preventing soil redeposition in the washing of textile fabrics by the use thereof.
• anti-soil redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose
• solid, powdered laundry detergents in order to prevent redeposition of soil and thus to prevent graying during the wash cycle.
• optical brighteners which essentially "mask" the gray coloration produced as a result of soil redeposition.
• the latter approach to fabric brightening is unsatisfactory, because it fails to remove the source of the problem, and furthermore conventional anti-redeposition agents, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, cannot be used in liquid laundry detergents, because they tend to separate out of the liquid formulation and thus lose their effectiveness.
• the ratio of the anionic to the non-anionic surfactants is 2:1 to 15:1, preferably 2:1 to 10:1, and most preferably 3:1 to 6:1.
• the quaternary ammonium salt is intended to impart anti-static properties to the compositions, and no mention is made by the patentee of any germicidal property resident in the combination. Furthermore, the question of preventing soil redeposition is not addressed by the reference, and thus the reference provides no guidance as to how to overcome that problem in laundry detergents. Moreover the application does not disclose the use of an alkyl-alkoxy carboxylate as an anionic surfactant, and no mention is made of the adaptation of the formulation to liquid laundry detergents.
• the compositions are composed of 50-95 parts by weight of a germicidal cationic surfactant of the quaternary ammonium salt type and from 5-50 parts by weight of a co-surfactant of the alkylsulfonate, sulphate, phosphate or carboxylic acid type having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic alkyl group and from 0 to 20 parts by weight of a non-ionic surfactant of the mono- or diethanolamide or ethoxylated or propoxylated primary or secondary C 8 - C 16 alkanol type containing from 1 to 4 ethyleneoxy or propyleneoxy units per molecule.
• the reference manifestly does not address the problem of soil redeposition in laundry detergents.
• the patentee teaches that combinations of di-long chain quaternary ammonium surfactants in liquid detergents are unstable and separate into two phases and also that combinations of anionic and cationic detergents often produce precipitates.
• the nature of the four or five ingredients, and their relative amounts, are both critical, and the anionic surfactant serves principally to assist in suspending or dissolving the cationic-anionic complex that would otherwise form and separate out.
• the patentee does not address either the question of imparting germicidal properties to the composition or of preventing soil redeposition. On the contrary, the patentee is primarily concerned with solving the problem of precipitation of the anionic-cationic complex.
• this invention provides a liquid laundry detergent composition, having germicidal, fabric brightening and anti-soil redeposition properties, comprising a non-ionic surfactant of the ethoxylated nonyl and octyl phenol type; a cryptoanionic surfactant (i.e. a surfactant of the alkyl alkoxy carboxylate type); a quaternary ammonium germicide and, optionally, minor amounts of foam stabilizers/anti-irritants, fabric brighteners, fragrances and dyes in an aqueous medium.
• a non-ionic surfactant of the ethoxylated nonyl and octyl phenol type i.e. a surfactant of the alkyl alkoxy carboxylate type
• a quaternary ammonium germicide i.e. a surfactant of the alkyl alkoxy carboxylate type
• the invention provides a method of imparting anti-soil redeposition properties to a liquid laundry detergent composition
• a method of imparting anti-soil redeposition properties to a liquid laundry detergent composition comprising incorporating an effective anti-soil redeposition amount of a cryptoanionic surfactant of the alkyl alkoxy carboxylate type in a liquid laundry detergent formulation containing a non-ionic surfactant of the ethoxylated nonyl and octyl phenol type; a quaternary ammonium germicide and, optionally, minor amounts of foam stabilizers/anti-irritants, brighteners, fragrances and dyes in an aqueous medium.
• non-ionic surfactants can be combined with quaternary ammonium germicides to give liquid compositions having detergent and germicidal properties, such compositions are not effective as laundry detergents, because the soil removed from the fabrics is redeposited during the wash cycle thus leaving fabrics with a gray, off white color.
• liquid laundry detergent compositions having germicidal, anti-soil redeposition and brightening properties comprising critical relative amounts of:
• the ratio of A:B:C in the compositions of the invention is critical and should be present in the compositions in ratios of 2:4:1 to 3.5:5:1.
• compositions are prepared by dissolving components A, B and C in water to provide a liquid concentrate in which the total amount of components A, B and C comprises from 30 to 50 weight percent, and preferably around 40 weight percent, of the concentrate, the balance being water.
• the concentrate is added to the wash water in an amount effective to achieve either cleaning or cleaning and sanitization of the fabrics. It has been found that about 1/4 cup of the concentrate per wash load is generally adequate to achieve good cleaning, and from about 3/4 cup to about 1 1/2 cups are adequate to achieve both cleaning and sanitization.
• the compositions can be used at dilutions of the concentrate from about 0.16% to about 0.94% by volume in water, i.e.
• these dilutions correspond to about 0.05% to about 0.08% (1:2133 to 1:1280) of components A, B and C in the wash water for good cleaning and from about 0.14% to about 0.47% (1:711 to 1:213) for both cleaning and sanitization.
• compositions may also, optionally, contain minor amounts, i.e. up to about 3 total weight percent, of non-essential ingredients, such as a foam stabilizer/anti-irritant agent, brighteners, fragrances, dyes, a pE adjuster such as triethanolamine (TEA), and ethanol, the latter used to adjust the viscosity.
• non-essential ingredients such as a foam stabilizer/anti-irritant agent, brighteners, fragrances, dyes, a pE adjuster such as triethanolamine (TEA), and ethanol, the latter used to adjust the viscosity.
• the ethoxylated nonyl and octyl phenol type non-ionic surfactants useful in the practice of the present invention have one of the general structural formulas: or in which the C 9 H 19 group in the compounds of formula Ib is a mixture of branched-chain isomers, and x indicates the average number of (OCH 2 CH 2 ) units in the side chain.
• Suitable non-ionic surfactants of formulas Ia/Ib useful in the practice of the invention contain from 7 to around 13 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) units.
• TRITON® X Such compounds are sold under the Rohm and H aas (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) trade name TRITON® X, and include compounds of this class such as TRITONS X-114 (x is 7-8); TRITONS X-100 (x is 9-10) or TRITONS X-102 (x is 12-13).
• a preferred non-ionic surfactant of this class is TRITONS X-100.
• the anionic alkyl alkoxy carboxylate surfactants i.e. the cryptoanionic surfactants, designated ingredient B above, have the general structural formula: where R is a long chain, straight or branched, alkyl group containing from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, n is an integer from 2 to 4, m is an integer from 1 to 100; R 1 is CH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 or CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 ; and M is either hydrogen or a sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, diethylammonium or triethylammonium cation or other cations, including multivalent cations.
• Surfactants of this class are marketed by Sandoz Specialty Industries, East Hanover, N.J.
• SANDOPANJ DTC R is tridecyl
• SANDOPANJ DTC R is tridecyl
• the quaternary ammonium germicides useful in the practice of the present invention have the structural formula: where R 2 and R 3 are the same or different C 8 -C 12 alkyl, and X - is a halide, for example chloride, bromide or iodide. Also included within the ambit of quaternary ammonium salts of formula II are alkyl dimethylammonium chlorides where the alkyl moiety contains from 12 to 16 carbon atoms.
• Such quaternary germicides are usually sold as mixtures of two or more different quaternaries, such as BARDAC® 205M, sold by Lonza Inc., Fair Lawn, N.J., which consists of a 50% aqueous solution containing 20% by weight of an alkyl dimethyl benzylammonium chloride (50% C 14 , 40% C 12 and 1 0 % C 16 alkyl); 15.0 weight percent of octyl decyl dimethylammonium chloride; 7.5 weight percent of dioctyl dimethylammonium chloride; and 7.5 weight percent of didecyl dimethylammonium chloride, or CYNCAL® 80%, sold by Hilton Davis Chemical Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, which consists of 80% by weight of an alkyl dimethyl benzylammonium chloride (50% C 14 , 40% C 12 and 10% C 16 alkyl), 10% water and 10% ethanol.
• BARDAC® 205M sold by Lonza Inc., Fair Law
• quaternary ammonium germicides of the alkyl dimethyl benzylammonium chloride type containing the same alkyl dimethyl benzylammonium chloride mixture as CYNCAL®, and which are generally referred to as quaternium salts, are BARQUA® MB-80, sold by Lonza Inc., which is an 80% solution (20% ethanol) of the quaternary, and HYAMINE® 3500, sold by Rohm and Haas Co., which is a 50% aqueous solution of the quaternary.
• compositions can also contain a sequestering agent or detergent builder, such as nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), optionally in the form of its di- or trisodium salts.
• a sequestering agent or detergent builder such as nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), optionally in the form of its di- or trisodium salts.
• the foam stabilizer/anti-irritant agents which can optionally be included in the compositions of the invention, are preferably amine oxides of the formula: where R 4 can be hydrogen, methyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or, together with the nitrogen atom, morpholino, and R 5 is a long chain C 12 -C 18 alkyl group.
• a preferred amine oxide of formula IV in the practice of the present invention is dimethyl cocoamine-N-oxide.
• a series of liquid laundry detergent formulations within the ambit of the present invention and designated formulations C, E, F, G and H, were prepared as follows using TRITONS X-100 (as a non-ionic surfactant), SANPOPAN® DTC (as anionic carboxylated surfactant), BARDAC® 205M or CYNCAL® (as a quaternary ammonium germicide), dimethyl cocoamine-N-oxide (AROMOX®, Armak Company, McCook, Ill.) (as foam stabilizer), trisodium NTA and other non-essential ingredients as indicated.
• formulations A, B and D were also prepared using TRITON® X-100, SANDOPAN® DTC and BARDAC® 205M. Amounts of ingredients are expressed in percent parts by weight.
• each of these formulations was then tested for its cleaning and brightening efficacy, using the detergency test, and for its germicidal efficacy.
• the detergency test for each detergent composition to be evaluated, the reflectancies of four 3" x 3" soiled test swatches (from Test Fabrics, 200 Blackford Avenue, Middlesex, N.J. 08846) and an equivalent number of unsoiled swatches used as controls were determined using a reflectometer.
• test swatches were divided into pairs, one soiled and one unsoiled swatch per pair, and each pair was placed in a separate pot, containing 1 g./liter of the test detergent composition in tap water at 120-130"F, of a Terg-O-Tameter, Model 7243, supplied by United States Testing Co., Hoboken, N.J. After washing for ten minutes, the test swatches were removed, rinsed in cold tap water, blotted between paper towels and oven dried at 105°F for 10-15 minutes.
• each test composition was determined against K. pneumoniae ATCC 4352 and S. aureus ATCC 6538 using the EPA-approved Petrocci-Clark test procedure [Proposed Test Method for AntiMicrobial Laundry Additives, Petrocci and Clark, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 52, 835-842 (1969)] which is a simulated in-use test method. (See EPA publication DIS/TSS-13, May 2, 1979).
• the germicidal activity for each formulation was expressed in terms of the maximum dilution effective to obtain germicidal activity.
• formulation A provides only fair cleaning of textile fabrics, characterized by poor anti-soil redeposition but acceptable germicidal properties. Such formulation would typically be used for cleaning hard surfaces but would be totally unsuited for use as a laundry detergent.
• formulation B the use of an anionic carboxylated surfactant, instead of a non-ionic surfactant as used in formulation A, essentially overcomes the soil redeposition problem inherent in formulation A and also provides acceptable germicidal action.
• formulation gave only fair detergency and furthermore would be commercially unacceptable because of its failure to leave the fabrics white after washing.
• Formulation E which is based on formulation C, contains certain non-essential ingredients which are intended to make the formulation aesthetically more appealing. Also as shown by the data, formulations F, G and H provide excellent cleaning action, good anti-soil redeposition and effective germicidal action.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (11)

Citations (6)

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• 1984
  • 1984-06-27 EP EP84107407A patent/EP0133900A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1984-07-02 NZ NZ208745A patent/NZ208745A/en unknown
  • 1984-07-24 NO NO843008A patent/NO843008L/no unknown
  • 1984-07-26 FI FI842986A patent/FI842986A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1984-07-27 AU AU31247/84A patent/AU568865B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1984-08-01 DK DK372984A patent/DK372984A/da unknown

Patent Citations (6)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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