EP0127746B1 - Method for the combustion of burnable material, and combustion chamber for the combustion of the flue gases - Google Patents
Method for the combustion of burnable material, and combustion chamber for the combustion of the flue gases Download PDFInfo
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- EP0127746B1 EP0127746B1 EP84103837A EP84103837A EP0127746B1 EP 0127746 B1 EP0127746 B1 EP 0127746B1 EP 84103837 A EP84103837 A EP 84103837A EP 84103837 A EP84103837 A EP 84103837A EP 0127746 B1 EP0127746 B1 EP 0127746B1
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- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- combustion
- fresh air
- flue gases
- gas conduit
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for burning combustible material, in which the combustible material is pyrolyzed and burned in the absence of air, and in which the combustible exhaust gases are fed to the combustion chamber immediately downstream of the pyrolysis chamber and are burned there after air has previously been mixed in.
- the invention further relates to a combustion chamber for the combustion of exhaust gases, which is connected directly downstream of a pyrolysis chamber, the exhaust gases formed in the pyrolysis chamber being withdrawn from the latter into the combustion chamber.
- a method of the type described in the opening paragraph is known from DE-C-26 04 409. Also known, for example from Maschinengon, Würzburg, 81 (1975) 69, page 1293, is a process known as a high-temperature process, according to which waste is burned and in which the exhaust gases are burned in a separate combustion chamber.
- the exhaust gases When the exhaust gases are burnt, their complete burnout is desirable because of the generation of environmentally friendly residual gases.
- the aim is to completely burn out the exhaust gases because of the improvement in the energy balance.
- the object on which the invention is based is achieved according to the invention in that the exhaust gases within the combustion chamber are supplied to a gas guide line which is arranged in the combustion chamber and is open to the interior of the combustion chamber and is conducted separately to the outlet or the outputs of the combustion chamber, the in fresh air is added to the exhaust gas flowing in the gas duct.
- the separate guiding of the exhaust gases makes it possible - in conjunction with the slightly êtba - ren supply of fresh air to the exhaust gases separately - to set the required for the complete combustion temperatures within a limited area.
- the remaining area of the combustion chamber can be kept at a lower temperature level, as a result of which the temperature load on the combustion chamber walls can be kept lower and further disadvantages, such as the melting of the ash, can be avoided. This is particularly the case with an expedient embodiment of the method according to the invention, in which the exhaust gases are led separately from the center of the combustion chamber or through the center of the combustion chamber.
- the separate guidance of the exhaust gases also enables particularly favorable starting conditions for the combustion chamber. If you ignite the exhaust gases in the delimited area of the separate guide, this area can very quickly be brought to the temperature required for the formation of clean residual gases, about 800 ° C.
- a particularly advantageous variant of the method according to the invention consists in that the exhaust gases supplied to the combustion chamber are supplied with fresh air in a sub-stoichiometric ratio and additionally to the separately guided exhaust gases with fresh air in an at least stoichiometric ratio. This makes it possible - by appropriate dimensioning of the fresh air quantities - to optimally set the desired high temperatures in the delimited area of the separately guided exhaust gases and lower temperatures in the remaining area of the combustion chamber.
- a combustion chamber of the type described in the introduction is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, in which at least one gas guide line which penetrates the combustion chamber or extends from the interior of the combustion chamber is provided with one or more openings to the combustion chamber, which has the gas outlet at one end Combustion chamber forms or is connected to it and which can be connected to a fresh air line.
- the gas supply line is expediently made of refractory material such as ceramic or refractory steel.
- An expedient embodiment of the combustion chamber is that the gas guide line penetrates the center of the combustion chamber or extends from the center of the combustion chamber.
- a simple embodiment of the combustion chamber according to the invention provides a gas conduit from a tube with side openings.
- the lateral openings can face both the upper, the lateral part of the combustion chamber or the ash discharge det be.
- the side openings are preferably turned towards the scraper discharge in order to prevent fly ash or other dust particles from entering the gas conduit as far as possible.
- the gas guide line penetrates the interior of the combustion chamber and that the fresh air line can be connected to the end of the gas guide line which is at the end of the combustion chamber.
- the fresh air supply can also take place, for example, through a fresh air line protruding into the gas guide line.
- the choice of the feed point for the fresh air gives the possibility of influencing the combustion process in the combustion chamber or in the gas conduit not only by controlling the fresh air quantities but also by selecting the location of the feed of the fresh air.
- the feed point for example, the length of time that the exhaust gases remain in the part of the gas conduit located after the feed point can be taken into account.
- the separate routing of the exhaust gases in the combustion chamber results in a bundled flame jet that is directed beyond the area of the combustion chamber while at the same time burning the gas intensively.
- the combustion chamber according to the invention can then be used in a particularly advantageous manner in a combustion system for burning combustible material, in which a device for utilizing the sensible heat is connected downstream of the combustion chamber.
- a boiler of a heating system can be connected downstream of the combustion chamber, the flame jet coming from the gas supply line of the combustion chamber being directed at the heat exchanger of the boiler.
- the combustion chamber 1 is connected downstream of a pyrolysis chamber 2. Both chambers are separated from one another by the lock element 3.
- the gas guide line 4 is guided through the center of the combustion chamber 1.
- a gas burner 5 is arranged, which serves to ignite the combustion process in the combustion chamber.
- the fresh air line 6 is connected to the gas guide line 4.
- combustible material is filled into the pyrolysis chamber 2 through the upper lock 7.
- Gas burners 8 are used at the start of the pyrolysis process.
- the combustible exhaust gases formed in the pyrolysis chamber are drawn down into the combustion chamber 1. They reach the gas guide line 4 through openings 9.
- the openings 9 are arranged on the side of the gas guide line facing the ash discharge 10, that is to say downwards.
- the fresh air introduced into the combustion chamber 1 via the lock 3 leads to the partial combustion of the combustible exhaust gases at a temperature in the part of the combustion chamber 1 lying outside the gas conduit 4, likewise of not more than 800 ° C.
- Fresh air is fed into the gas duct 4 in at least a stoichiometric ratio to the exhaust gases via the fresh air line 6. This results in complete combustion of the exhaust gases which have entered the gas guide line 4, a temperature of approximately 1100 ° C. being reached.
- the fresh air line 6 projects in the form of an additional line section 6 ′ into the gas guide line 4 beyond the center of the combustion chamber.
- the feed point for the fresh air is thus in the vicinity of the outlet of the combustion chamber, as a result of which the area of complete combustion of the exhaust gases is also in the vicinity of the outlet of the combustion chamber and the hot flame formed thereby projects beyond the area of the combustion chamber.
- the gas is routed line 4 from the center of the combustion chamber 1.
- the gas guide line is designed as a tube, the end of which is located in the combustion chamber is open to the combustion chamber. Fresh air is fed in by suction via the line piece 6 ′ projecting into the pipe 4, which is open to the outside after the gas burner 5 has been folded down.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Verbrennen von brennbarem Gut, bei dem das brennbare Gut pyrolisiert und bei Luftmangel verbrannt wird und bei dem die brennbaren Abgase der der Pyrolysekammer unmittelbar nachgeschalteten Brennkammer zugeführt und dort verbrannt werden, nachdem ihnen vorher Luft zugemischt wurde. Die Erfindung bezieht sich ferner auf eine Brennkammer zur Verbrennung von Abgasen, die einer Pyrolysekammer unmittelbar nachgeschaltet ist, wobei die in der Pyrolysekammer gebildeten Abgase aus dieser in die Brennkammer abgezogen werden.The invention relates to a method for burning combustible material, in which the combustible material is pyrolyzed and burned in the absence of air, and in which the combustible exhaust gases are fed to the combustion chamber immediately downstream of the pyrolysis chamber and are burned there after air has previously been mixed in. The invention further relates to a combustion chamber for the combustion of exhaust gases, which is connected directly downstream of a pyrolysis chamber, the exhaust gases formed in the pyrolysis chamber being withdrawn from the latter into the combustion chamber.
Ein Verfahren der eingangs bezeichneten Art ist aus der DE-C-26 04 409 bekannt. Auch ist beispielsweise aus Maschinenmarkt, Würzburg, 81 (1975) 69, Seite 1293, ein als Hochtemperaturverfahren bezeichnetes Verfahren bekannt, nach dem Müll verbrannt wird und bei dem die Verbrennung der Abgase in einem gesonderten Brennraum erfolgt.A method of the type described in the opening paragraph is known from DE-C-26 04 409. Also known, for example from Maschinenmarkt, Würzburg, 81 (1975) 69, page 1293, is a process known as a high-temperature process, according to which waste is burned and in which the exhaust gases are burned in a separate combustion chamber.
Bei die Verbrennung der Abgase ist deren möglichst vollständiger Ausbrand schon wegen der Erzeugung umweltfreundlicher Restgase erwünscht. Darüberhinaus wird, wenn die bei der Verbrennung der Abgase anfallende fühlbare Wärme genutzt werden soll, wegen der Verbesserung der Energiebilanz der vollständige Ausbrand der Abgase angestrebt.When the exhaust gases are burnt, their complete burnout is desirable because of the generation of environmentally friendly residual gases. In addition, if the sensible heat generated during the combustion of the exhaust gases is to be used, the aim is to completely burn out the exhaust gases because of the improvement in the energy balance.
Der vollständige Ausbrand der Abgase, bei dem eine Umsetzung der Aromate in den Abgasen erfolgt, ist jedoch nur bei relativ hohen Temperaturen in der Brennkammer, die oberhalb 1000 °C liegen müssen, möglich. Derartig hohe Temperaturen sind zwar auch bei der Durchführung des aus der DE-C-26 04 409 bekannten Verfahrens in der Brennkammer erreichbar. Das Einstellen derart hoher Temperaturen führt jedoch insofern zu Schwierigkeiten, als dabei das Schmelzen der in der Brennkammer befindlichen Asche nicht verhindert werden kann. Das führt zu unerwünschten Ablagerungen in der Brennkammer und somit zu Störungen im Betriebsablauf.The complete combustion of the exhaust gases, in which the aromatics are converted into the exhaust gases, is only possible at relatively high temperatures in the combustion chamber, which must be above 1000 ° C. Such high temperatures can also be achieved when the process known from DE-C-26 04 409 is carried out in the combustion chamber. However, the setting of such high temperatures leads to difficulties in that the melting of the ashes in the combustion chamber cannot be prevented. This leads to undesirable deposits in the combustion chamber and thus to malfunctions in the operating sequence.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, das Verfahren gemäß der DE-C-26 04 409 so weiterzuentwickeln, daß bei Verbrennung der Abgase in der der Pyrolysekammer unmittelbar nachgeschalteten Brennkammer ein möglichst vollständiger und zudem störungsfreier Ausbrand der Abgase erzielt wird, ohne daß unerwünschte Ablagerungen in der Brennkammer auftreten. Es ist ferner Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Brennkammer zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung zu schaffen.It is an object of the invention to further develop the method according to DE-C-26 04 409 so that when the exhaust gases are burned in the combustion chamber immediately downstream of the pyrolysis chamber, the exhaust gases are burnt out as completely as possible and moreover without undesirable deposits in the Combustion chamber occur. It is also an object of the invention to provide a combustion chamber for carrying out the method according to the invention.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß die Abgase innerhalb der Brennkammer einer in der Brennkammer angeordneten, zum Inneren der Brennkammer hin offenen Gasführungsleitung zugeführt und in dieser gesondert zum Ausgang bzw. den Ausgängen der Brennkammer geleitet werden, wobei den in der Gasführungsleitung strömenden Abgasen Frischluft beigemischt wird. Die gesonderte Führung der Abgase ermöglicht es - in Verbindung mit der leicht steuerba- ren Zufuhr von Frischluft zu den gesondert geführten Abgasen -, die für den vollständigen Abbrand erforderlichen Temperaturen innerhalb eines abgegrenzten Bereichs einzustellen. Der übrige Bereich der Brennkammer kann dabei auf einem niedrigeren Temperaturniveau gehalten werden, wodurch die Temperaturbelastung der Brennkammerwände geringer gehalten und weitere Nachteile, wie beispielsweise das Schmelzen der Asche, vermieden werden können. Das ist insbesondere bei einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsweise des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung der Fall, bei der die Abgase ausgehend vom Zentrum der Brennkammer bzw. durch das Zentrum der Brennkammer hindurch gesondert geführt werden.The object on which the invention is based is achieved according to the invention in that the exhaust gases within the combustion chamber are supplied to a gas guide line which is arranged in the combustion chamber and is open to the interior of the combustion chamber and is conducted separately to the outlet or the outputs of the combustion chamber, the in fresh air is added to the exhaust gas flowing in the gas duct. The separate guiding of the exhaust gases makes it possible - in conjunction with the slightly steuerba - ren supply of fresh air to the exhaust gases separately - to set the required for the complete combustion temperatures within a limited area. The remaining area of the combustion chamber can be kept at a lower temperature level, as a result of which the temperature load on the combustion chamber walls can be kept lower and further disadvantages, such as the melting of the ash, can be avoided. This is particularly the case with an expedient embodiment of the method according to the invention, in which the exhaust gases are led separately from the center of the combustion chamber or through the center of the combustion chamber.
Die gesonderte Führung der Abgase ermöglicht ferner besonders günstige Startbedingungen für die Brennkammer. Zündet man nämlich die Abgase im abgegrenzten Bereich der gesonderten Führung, dann läßt sich dieser Bereich sehr schnell auf die für die Bildung sauberer Restgase erforderliche Temperatur, etwa 800 °C, bringen.The separate guidance of the exhaust gases also enables particularly favorable starting conditions for the combustion chamber. If you ignite the exhaust gases in the delimited area of the separate guide, this area can very quickly be brought to the temperature required for the formation of clean residual gases, about 800 ° C.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Variante des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung besteht darin, daß den der Brennkammer zugeführten Abgasen Frischluft im unterstöchiometrischen Mengenverhältnis und zusätzlich den gesondert geführten Abgasen Frischluft in zumindest stöchiometrischen Mengenverhältnis zugeführt wird. Hierdurch ist es - durch entsprechende Bemessung der Frischluftmengen - in optimaler Weise möglich, die gewünschten hohen Temperaturen im abgegrenzten Bereich der gesondert geführten Abgase und im übrigen Bereich der Brennkammer niedrigere Temperaturen einzustellen.A particularly advantageous variant of the method according to the invention consists in that the exhaust gases supplied to the combustion chamber are supplied with fresh air in a sub-stoichiometric ratio and additionally to the separately guided exhaust gases with fresh air in an at least stoichiometric ratio. This makes it possible - by appropriate dimensioning of the fresh air quantities - to optimally set the desired high temperatures in the delimited area of the separately guided exhaust gases and lower temperatures in the remaining area of the combustion chamber.
Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung ist eine Brennkammer der eingangs bezeichneten Art geeignet, bei der zumindest eine die Brennkammer durchdringende oder vom Innenraum der Brennkammer ausgehende Gasführungsleitung mit einer oder mehreren Öffnungen zur Brennkammer hin vorgesehen ist die mit ihrem einen Ende den Gas-Ausgang der Brennkammer bildet bzw. mit diesem in Verbindung steht und die an eine Frischluftleitung anschließbar ist. Die Gasführungsleitung besteht dabei zweckmäßigerweise aus feuerfestem Material wie Keramik oder feuerfestem Stahl.A combustion chamber of the type described in the introduction is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, in which at least one gas guide line which penetrates the combustion chamber or extends from the interior of the combustion chamber is provided with one or more openings to the combustion chamber, which has the gas outlet at one end Combustion chamber forms or is connected to it and which can be connected to a fresh air line. The gas supply line is expediently made of refractory material such as ceramic or refractory steel.
Eine zweckmäßige Ausführungsform der Brennkammer besteht darin, daß die Gasführungsleitung das Zentrum der Brennkammer durchdringt oder vom Zentrum der Brennkammer ausgeht.An expedient embodiment of the combustion chamber is that the gas guide line penetrates the center of the combustion chamber or extends from the center of the combustion chamber.
Eine einfache Ausführungsform der Brennkammer gemäß der Erfindung sieht eine Gasführungsleitung aus einem Rohr mit seitlichen Öffnungen vor. Die seitlichen Öffnungen können dabei sowohl dem oberen, dem seitlichen Teil der Brennkammer oder auch dem Ascheaustrag zugewendet sein. Bevorzugt sind die seitlichen Öffnungen jedoch dem Auscheaustrag zugewendet, um dadurch möglichst ein Eintreten von Flugasche oder sonstigen Staubpartikeln in die Gasführungsleitung zu verhindern. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, daß die Gasführungsleitung den Innenraum der Brennkammer durchdringt und daß an dem dem Ausgang der Brennkammer gebenüberliegenden Ende der Gasführungsleitung die Frischluftleitung anschließbar ist. Die Frischluftzufuhr kann aber beispielsweise auch durch eine in die Gasführungsleitung hineinragende Frischluftleitung erfolgen. Die damit gegebene Wahl der Einspeisungsstelle für die Frischluft ergibt die Möglichkeit, den Verbrennungsvorgang in der Brennkammer bzw. in der Gasführungsleitung außer durch die Steuerung der Frischluftmengen auch durch die Wahl des Ortes der Einspeisung der Frischluft zu beeinflussen. Bei der Festlegung der Einspeisungsstelle kann beispielsweise die Verweildauer der Abgase in dem nach der Einspeisungsstelle liegenden Teil der Gasführungsleitung berücksichtigt werden.A simple embodiment of the combustion chamber according to the invention provides a gas conduit from a tube with side openings. The lateral openings can face both the upper, the lateral part of the combustion chamber or the ash discharge det be. However, the side openings are preferably turned towards the scraper discharge in order to prevent fly ash or other dust particles from entering the gas conduit as far as possible. It is expedient that the gas guide line penetrates the interior of the combustion chamber and that the fresh air line can be connected to the end of the gas guide line which is at the end of the combustion chamber. However, the fresh air supply can also take place, for example, through a fresh air line protruding into the gas guide line. The choice of the feed point for the fresh air thus given gives the possibility of influencing the combustion process in the combustion chamber or in the gas conduit not only by controlling the fresh air quantities but also by selecting the location of the feed of the fresh air. When determining the feed point, for example, the length of time that the exhaust gases remain in the part of the gas conduit located after the feed point can be taken into account.
Je nach der Wahl der Einspeisung von Frischluft in die Gasführungsleitung ergibt die gesonderte Führung der Abgase in der Brennkammer bei zugleich intensiver Verbrennung des Gases einen gebündelten und über den Bereich der Brennkammer hinaus ausgerichteten Flammenstrahl. Zur Erzielung eines möglichst über die Brennkammer hinaus ausgerichteten Flammenstrahls kann es dabei zweckmäßig sein, die Frischluft den gesondert geführten Gasen erst in der Nähe des Ausganges der Brennkammer, gegebenenfalls auch außerhalb der Brennkammer, zuzuführen. Die Brennkammer gemäß der Erfindung ist dann in besonders vorteilhafter Weise einsetzbar bei einer Verbrennungsanlage zur Verbrennung von brennbarem Gut, bei der der Brennkammer eine Einrichtung zur Nutzung der fühlbaren Wärme nachgeschaltet ist. So kann beispielsweise der Brennkammer ein Heizkessel einer Heizungsanlage nachgeschaltet sein, wobei der aus der Gasführungsleitung der Brennkammer kommende Flammenstrahl auf den Wärmeaustauscher des Heizkessels gerichtet ist.Depending on the choice of feeding fresh air into the gas duct, the separate routing of the exhaust gases in the combustion chamber results in a bundled flame jet that is directed beyond the area of the combustion chamber while at the same time burning the gas intensively. In order to achieve a flame jet that is oriented as far as possible beyond the combustion chamber, it may be expedient to supply the fresh air to the separately guided gases only in the vicinity of the outlet of the combustion chamber, possibly also outside the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber according to the invention can then be used in a particularly advantageous manner in a combustion system for burning combustible material, in which a device for utilizing the sensible heat is connected downstream of the combustion chamber. For example, a boiler of a heating system can be connected downstream of the combustion chamber, the flame jet coming from the gas supply line of the combustion chamber being directed at the heat exchanger of the boiler.
Die Brennkammer gemäß der Erfindung ist als Brennkammer eines Verbrennungsofens in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher erläutert :The combustion chamber according to the invention is shown schematically as a combustion chamber of an incinerator in the drawing and is explained in more detail below:
Es zeigen
- Figur 1 die Brennkammer mit einer das Zentrum der Brennkammer durchdringenden Gasführungsleitung und einer am Anfang der Gasführungsleitung liegenden Einspeisung der Frischluft,
Figur 2 die Brennkammer gemäß Figur 1 in einem senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene der Figur 1 liegenden Schnitt längs der Linie A/B,- Figur 3 die Brennkammer mit einer das Zentrum der Brennkammer durchdringenden Gasführungsleitung und einer in der Nähe des Ausgangs der Gasführungsleitung liegenden Einspeisung der Frischluft,
- Figur 4 die Brennkammer mit einer vom Zentrum der Brennkammer ausgehenden Gasführungsleitung.
- 1 shows the combustion chamber with a gas guide line penetrating the center of the combustion chamber and a fresh air feed located at the beginning of the gas guide line,
- FIG. 2 shows the combustion chamber according to FIG. 1 in a section along the line A / B perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 shows the combustion chamber with a gas guide line penetrating the center of the combustion chamber and a fresh air feed located near the outlet of the gas guide line,
- Figure 4 shows the combustion chamber with a gas guide line extending from the center of the combustion chamber.
Bei dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Verbrennungsofen ist die Brennkammer 1 einer Pyrolysekammer 2 nachgeschaltet. Beide Kammern sind durch das Schleusenelement 3 voneinander getrennt.In the incinerator shown in the drawing, the combustion chamber 1 is connected downstream of a
Bei der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Brennkammer ist die Gasführungsleitung 4 durch das Zentrum der Brennkammer 1 geführt. Am Anfang der Gasführungsleitung 4 ist ein Gasbrenner 5 angeordnet, der zum Zünden des Brennvorganges in der Brennkammer dient. Die Frischluftleitung 6 ist an die Gasführungsleitung 4 angeschlossen.In the combustion chamber shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gas guide line 4 is guided through the center of the combustion chamber 1. At the beginning of the gas guide line 4, a
Zum Betreiben des Verbrennungsofens wird brennbares Gut durch die obere Schleuse 7 in die Pyrolysekammer 2 eingefüllt. Beim Start des Pyrolysevorganges werden Gasbrenner 8 eingesetzt. Die in der Pyrolysekammer gebildeten brennbaren Abgase werden nach unten in die Brennkammer 1 abgezogen. Sie gelangen durch Öffnungen 9 in die Gasführungsleitung 4. Die Öffnungen 9 sind auf der dem Ascheaustrag 10 zugewandten Seite der Gasführungsleitung, also nach unten, angeordnet.To operate the incinerator, combustible material is filled into the
Während des Betriebes des Verbrennungsofens wird über das Schleusenelement 3 Frischluft über die Frischluftleitung 11 in unterstöchiometrischer Menge sowohl nach oben in die Pyrolysekammer 2 als auch in die Brennkammer 1 geleitet. Dadurch bildet sich oberhalb des Schleusenelements 3 ein Glutbett mit einer Temperatur von etwa 800 °C aus, in dem die Schwelgase weitgehend zu kurzkettigen Kohlenwasserstoffmolekülen aufgecrackt werden. Die im Glutbett durch Teilverbrennung der Stoffe entstehende Hitze führt zur Pyrolyse des oberhalb des Glutbettes befindlichen Gutes.During the operation of the incinerator, fresh air is conducted via the lock element 3 via the
Die in die Brennkammer 1 über die Schleuse 3 eingeleitete Frischluft führt zur teilweisen Verbrennung der brennbaren Abgase bei einer Temperatur in dem außerhalb der Gasführungsleitung 4 liegenden Teil der Brennkammer 1 von ebenfalls nicht mehr als 800 °C.The fresh air introduced into the combustion chamber 1 via the lock 3 leads to the partial combustion of the combustible exhaust gases at a temperature in the part of the combustion chamber 1 lying outside the gas conduit 4, likewise of not more than 800 ° C.
Über die Frischluftleitung 6 wird Frischluft in zumindest stöchiometrischem Mengenverhältnis zu den Abgasen in die Gasführungsleitung 4 eingespeist. Dies hat eine vollständige Verbrennung der in die Gasführungsleitung 4 eingetretenen Abgase zur Folge, wobei eine Temperatur von etwa 1100 °C erreicht wird.Fresh air is fed into the gas duct 4 in at least a stoichiometric ratio to the exhaust gases via the
Bei der in Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Brennkammer ragt die Frischluftleitung 6 in Form eines zusätzlichen Leitungsstückes 6' bis über das Zentrum der Brennkammer in die Gasführungsleitung 4 hinein. Die Einspeisungsstelle für die Frischluft liegt somit in der Nähe des Ausgangs der Brennkammer, wodurch auch der Bereich der vollständigen Verbrennung der Abgase in der Nähe des Ausgangs der Brennkammer liegt und die dabei gebildete heiße Flamme über den Bereich der Brennkammer hinausragt.In the embodiment of the combustion chamber shown in FIG. 3, the
Bei der in Figur 4 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Brennkammer 1 geht die Gasführungsleitung 4 vom Zentrum der Brennkammer 1 aus. Die Gasführungsleitung ist dabei als Rohr ausgebildet, dessen in der Brennkammer befindliches Ende zur Brennkammer hin offen ist. Die Einspeisung von Frischluft erfolgt durch Ansaugen über das in das Rohr 4 hineinragende Leitungsstück 6', das nach dem Abklappen des Gasbrenners 5 nach außen geöffnet ist.In the embodiment of the combustion chamber 1 shown in FIG. 4, the gas is routed line 4 from the center of the combustion chamber 1. The gas guide line is designed as a tube, the end of which is located in the combustion chamber is open to the combustion chamber. Fresh air is fed in by suction via the
In Abweichung von den in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen der Brennkammer gemäß der Erfindung kann es je nach den Abmessungen der Brennkammer und zur optimalisierung des Brennvorganges zweckmäßig sein, mehr als eine Gasführungsleitung 4 in der Brennkammer anzuordnen.In deviation from the exemplary embodiments of the combustion chamber according to the invention shown in the drawing, depending on the dimensions of the combustion chamber and in order to optimize the combustion process, it may be expedient to arrange more than one gas guide line 4 in the combustion chamber.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT84103837T ATE35174T1 (en) | 1983-04-09 | 1984-04-06 | PROCESS FOR COMBUSTING COMBUSTIBLE GOODS AND COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR COMBUSTING THE EXHAUST GASES. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3312863A DE3312863C2 (en) | 1983-04-09 | 1983-04-09 | Combustion chamber for burning exhaust gases |
| DE3312863 | 1983-04-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0127746A1 EP0127746A1 (en) | 1984-12-12 |
| EP0127746B1 true EP0127746B1 (en) | 1988-06-15 |
Family
ID=6195902
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP84103837A Expired EP0127746B1 (en) | 1983-04-09 | 1984-04-06 | Method for the combustion of burnable material, and combustion chamber for the combustion of the flue gases |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4561363A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0127746B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS59217411A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE35174T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3312863C2 (en) |
| MW (1) | MW884A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA842563B (en) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3409292C2 (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1986-07-31 | Manfred 4440 Rheine Köpke | Solid gasification boiler |
| JPS61141543U (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-09-01 | ||
| DE3611429A1 (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-11-06 | SKF Steel Engineering AB, Hofors | WASTE DECOMPOSITION METHOD |
| AT388925B (en) * | 1987-01-29 | 1989-09-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | METHOD FOR GASIFYING FUELS WITH OXYGEN IN A SHAFT-SHAPED OVEN |
| DE3705406A1 (en) * | 1987-02-20 | 1988-09-08 | Manfred Koepke | Solids gasification heating furnace |
| US4738205A (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1988-04-19 | Ablestien Industries, Inc. | Heating stove which includes a pyrolysis gasifier |
| US4799437A (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1989-01-24 | Ablestien Industries, Inc. | Heating stove which includes a pyrolysis gasifier |
| US4922839A (en) * | 1988-11-28 | 1990-05-08 | Boucher Robert J | Fuel reactor |
| DE3900977A1 (en) * | 1989-01-14 | 1990-07-19 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Method for burning fuels and burning installation for carrying out this method |
| DE3906430A1 (en) * | 1989-03-01 | 1990-09-06 | Bookmann Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CATALYTIC AND / OR THERMAL AFTERBURNING OF PROCESS EXHAUST |
| DE3924626A1 (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-01-31 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | GASIFICATION REACTOR FOR COMBUSTIBLE SOLIDS |
| US5101739A (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-04-07 | Utah Environmental Energy, Inc. | Tire gassification and combustion system |
| SE500521C2 (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1994-07-11 | Bjoern Heed | Combustion device comprising a stationary bed with heat accumulating and heat exchanging properties |
| DE4206758A1 (en) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-09 | Bernhard Bode | Gasification reactor, for fuel gas prodn. - has dust shield preventing ash entry into fuel gas withdrawal line |
| US5452670A (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1995-09-26 | Towne; Gary A. | Waste recycling system |
| DE4344569C2 (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 1996-07-04 | Ver Verwertung Und Entsorgung | Method and device for fuel gas production |
| FR2714857B1 (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1996-03-29 | Afe Metal Sa | Device for the treatment and recycling of foundry sands, granular and powdery products. |
| US5588381A (en) * | 1995-03-07 | 1996-12-31 | Leslie Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for burning waste materials |
| PL181258B1 (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 2001-06-29 | Megtec Systems Ab | Method of and apparatus for recovering energy from a medium containing flammable substances oven of low concentration |
| US5655463A (en) * | 1995-06-19 | 1997-08-12 | Douglas Nagel | Apparatus and method for burning waste material |
| WO1997001617A1 (en) * | 1995-06-27 | 1997-01-16 | Ver Verwertung Und Entsorgung Von Reststoffen Gmbh | Process and apparatus for producing fuel gas |
| AU721741B2 (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 2000-07-13 | Megtec Systems Ab | A method and a device for recovery of energy from media containing combustible substances even at low concentration |
| DE19808819A1 (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-09 | Utec Luftreinigung & Waermerue | Combustion kiln for furnace exhaust gases containing organic matter |
| EA005476B1 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2005-02-24 | Лутерек, Януш Францишек | Process and gas generator for generating fuel gas |
| US6497187B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2002-12-24 | Gas Technology Institute | Advanced NOX reduction for boilers |
| CN100543116C (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2009-09-23 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | The oxygen deprivation fluidized bed combustion downdraft gasification process and the device that prepare no tar products gas |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0064589A1 (en) * | 1981-03-27 | 1982-11-17 | John N. Basic Sr. | Incinerator with two reburn stages and, optionally, heat recovery |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2354963A (en) * | 1939-05-17 | 1944-08-01 | Ohlsson Olof Axel | Combustion device |
| US2592730A (en) * | 1946-04-05 | 1952-04-15 | Robert C Perkins | Gas-producing furnace and burner therefor |
| US3403645A (en) * | 1967-01-31 | 1968-10-01 | Waste Comb Corp | Incinerator |
| JPS4835675A (en) * | 1971-08-17 | 1973-05-25 | ||
| US3771468A (en) * | 1972-01-20 | 1973-11-13 | P Kelly | Waste disposal |
| DK130367B (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1975-02-10 | J Scheibel | Method for incineration of waste and apparatus for carrying out the method. |
| DE2604409C3 (en) * | 1976-02-05 | 1979-12-06 | Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Gmbh, 5170 Juelich | Process and incinerator for incinerating waste |
| US4147115A (en) * | 1977-09-14 | 1979-04-03 | Leppert Alfred M | Incinerator with gas generation |
| US4213404A (en) * | 1978-11-09 | 1980-07-22 | Energy Alternatives, Inc. | Solid refuse furnace |
| US4231302A (en) * | 1979-05-14 | 1980-11-04 | Albert Neuhaus-Schwermann | Apparatus and process for burning of fuels of relatively young geological age and of any resulting gases |
| GB2070212B (en) * | 1979-12-01 | 1983-07-06 | Incinerator Co | Combustion apparatus and process |
| DE3043716A1 (en) * | 1980-11-20 | 1982-10-07 | Andersen, Normann Jess, 2000 Hamburg | Refuse incinerator with feed heat and afterburner - has furnace indirectly heated by afterburning cell running through it |
-
1983
- 1983-04-09 DE DE3312863A patent/DE3312863C2/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-04-04 US US06/596,678 patent/US4561363A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-04-04 MW MW8/84A patent/MW884A1/en unknown
- 1984-04-05 ZA ZA842563A patent/ZA842563B/en unknown
- 1984-04-06 AT AT84103837T patent/ATE35174T1/en active
- 1984-04-06 EP EP84103837A patent/EP0127746B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-04-09 JP JP59069276A patent/JPS59217411A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0064589A1 (en) * | 1981-03-27 | 1982-11-17 | John N. Basic Sr. | Incinerator with two reburn stages and, optionally, heat recovery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MW884A1 (en) | 1985-12-11 |
| JPS59217411A (en) | 1984-12-07 |
| DE3312863A1 (en) | 1984-10-18 |
| EP0127746A1 (en) | 1984-12-12 |
| DE3312863C2 (en) | 1986-12-04 |
| ATE35174T1 (en) | 1988-07-15 |
| US4561363A (en) | 1985-12-31 |
| ZA842563B (en) | 1985-12-24 |
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