EP0125530A2 - High-gain klystrode - Google Patents

High-gain klystrode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0125530A2
EP0125530A2 EP84104504A EP84104504A EP0125530A2 EP 0125530 A2 EP0125530 A2 EP 0125530A2 EP 84104504 A EP84104504 A EP 84104504A EP 84104504 A EP84104504 A EP 84104504A EP 0125530 A2 EP0125530 A2 EP 0125530A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resonator
klystrode
hollow
phase
tuning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84104504A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0125530A3 (en
Inventor
Hinrich Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Heynisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0125530A2 publication Critical patent/EP0125530A2/en
Publication of EP0125530A3 publication Critical patent/EP0125530A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/04—Tubes having one or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly density modulation, e.g. Heaff tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/14—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator with tube-like electron stream coaxial with the axis of the resonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high gain klystrode consisting of a hollow beam tube and an outcoupling resonator.
  • Such a klystrode comes from the publication by Preist and Shrader: "The Klystrode - An Unusual transmitting Tube with Potential for UHF-TV" in the magazine 'Proceedings of the IEEE', Vol.70, No.11, November 1982, pages 1318 until 1325 as known.
  • the gain with this klystrode is only about 20dB.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a power amplifier tube with small dimensions, low manufacturing costs, high gain and very good efficiency (approx. 60%), especially for the VHF / UHF frequency range.
  • the hollow beam allowed a tube concept with relatively high perveance beam (P> 2.10 -6 A / V 3/2). This means on the one hand a relatively low operating voltage and on the other hand a relatively steep characteristic curve for the grid modulation. In addition, these measures result in a high gain being achieved with a relatively coarse lattice structure.
  • the cavity resonator for generating the RF power is designed as a folded cavity resonator (in-phase or approximately in-phase operation). This achieves a high degree of efficiency ( ⁇ > 60%) with high power amplification.
  • the gain is more than 30dB.
  • the klystrode shown in the figure consists essentially of a ring cathode 1 with a heater for generating the hollow beam (electron beam) 10.
  • the ring grid 2 is provided for modulating the current of the hollow beam 10.
  • two resonator slits 4 and a collector 3 are provided.
  • the klystrode is operated in external resonators with tuning slides.
  • a pot circle 7 grid-cathode circle
  • the folded cavity resonator 5 which is used to generate the RF power, has two independent tuning slides 6 for setting the resonance frequency and the phase position (optimization) between resonator apertures 4/1 (interaction gap) and resonator apertures 4/2 (interaction gap).
  • magnets 9 are integrated in the cavity resonator 5.
  • a capacitive coupling capacitor 11 is provided in the pot circuit 7.
  • the insulator rings made of ceramic material are provided with the reference number 12.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Abstract

Klystrode mit hoher Verstärkung. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Klystrode hoher Verstärkung, bestehend aus einer Hohlstrahlröhre und einem Auskoppelresonator. Mit der Erfindung soll eine Leistungsverstärkerröhre mit geringen Abmessungen, niedrigen Herstellkosten, hoher Verstärkung und sehr gutem Wirkungsgrad geschaffen werden. Die Erfindung sieht hierzu vor, daß für die Hohlstrahlerzeugung eine Ring-Kathode (1) mit Heizer, ein Ring-Gitter (2) zur Strommodulation des Hohlstrahls, zwei Resonatorspalt-Blenden (4) und ein Kollektor (3) vorgesehen sind, daß zum Betrieb der Klystrode externe Resonatoren mit Abstimmschiebern vorgesehen sind, die aus einem Topfkreis (7) für die Strommodulation und einem Abstimmschieber (8) (Glitter-Kathoden-Kreis) bestehen, daß ein gefalteter Hohlraumresonator (5) zur Erzeugung der HF-Leistung zwei unabhängige Abstimmschieber (6) zum Einstellen der Resonatorfrequenz sowie der Phasenlage (Optimierung) zwischen den Resonatorspalt-Blenden (4) für gleichphasigen bzw. annähernd gleichphasigen Betrieb aufweist, und daß zur Fokussierung des Hohlstrahls Magnete (9) mit dem Hohlraumresonator integriert sind. Eine erfindungsgemäße Klystrode findet bei FS-Sendern und Teilchenbeschleunigern Verwendung.High gain klystrode. The invention relates to a high gain klystrode consisting of a hollow beam tube and an outcoupling resonator. With the invention, a power amplifier tube with small dimensions, low manufacturing costs, high gain and very good efficiency is to be created. The invention provides that a hollow cathode (1) with heater, a ring grating (2) for current modulation of the hollow beam, two resonator gap screens (4) and a collector (3) are provided for the hollow jet generation Operation of the klystrode external resonators with tuning slides are provided, which consist of a pot circuit (7) for current modulation and a tuning slide (8) (glitter-cathode circuit) that a folded cavity resonator (5) for generating the RF power two independent Tuning slider (6) for adjusting the resonator frequency and the phase position (optimization) between the resonator aperture diaphragms (4) for in-phase or approximately in-phase operation, and that magnets (9) are integrated with the cavity resonator for focusing the hollow beam. A klystrode according to the invention is used in FS transmitters and particle accelerators.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Klystrode hoher Verstärkung bestehend aus einer Hohlstrahlröhre und einem Auskoppelresonator.The invention relates to a high gain klystrode consisting of a hollow beam tube and an outcoupling resonator.

Eine derartige Klystrode geht aus der Veröffentlichung von Preist und Shrader: "The Klystrode - An Unusual transmitting Tube with Potential for UHF-TV" in der Zeitschrift 'Proceedings of the IEEE', Vol.70, No.11, November 1982, Seiten 1318 bis 1325 als bekannt hervor. Allerdings beträgt die Verstärkung bei dieser Klystrode nur ca. 20dB.Such a klystrode comes from the publication by Preist and Shrader: "The Klystrode - An Unusual transmitting Tube with Potential for UHF-TV" in the magazine 'Proceedings of the IEEE', Vol.70, No.11, November 1982, pages 1318 until 1325 as known. However, the gain with this klystrode is only about 20dB.

Aus der DE-PS 19 45 826 ist weiterhin ein konzentrisch aufgebautes Zweikammerklystron mit einer zentral angeordneten Kathode, je einem die Kathode konzentrisch umgebenden Einkoppel- und Auskoppelkreis, die im Bereich der Elektronenströmung gitterförmig durchbrochen sind, und einem Kollektor bekannt, wobei im Bereich der Elektronenströmung der Auskoppelkreis aus einem der Kathode zugewandten Gitter und dem Kollektor besteht, der Einkoppelkreis ein im Vergleich zum Kollektorpotential niedriges Potential aufweist und das Gitter des Auskoppelkreises ein gegenüber dem Potential des Einkoppelkreises abgesenktes Potential aufweist.From DE-PS 19 45 826 a concentrically constructed two-chamber klystron with a centrally arranged cathode, each with a coupling-in and coupling-out circuit concentrically surrounding the cathode, which are broken through in the form of a lattice in the area of the electron flow, and a collector are known, in the area of the electron flow the coupling-out circuit consists of a grid facing the cathode and the collector, the coupling-in circuit has a low potential compared to the collector potential, and the grid of the coupling-out circuit has a potential that is lower than the potential of the coupling-in circuit.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Leistungsverstärkerröhre mit geringen Abmessungen, niedrigen Herstellkosten, hoher Verstärkung und sehr gutem Wirkungsgrad (ca. 60%), insbesondere für den VHF/UHF-Frequenzbereich, zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a power amplifier tube with small dimensions, low manufacturing costs, high gain and very good efficiency (approx. 60%), especially for the VHF / UHF frequency range.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die im kennzeich- nenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale.The solution of this object is achieved by the n in the labeling portion of claim 1 stated features.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist Gegenstand des Anspruchs 2.An advantageous embodiment of the invention is the subject of claim 2.

Durch die Kombination einer gittergesteuerten Hohlstrahlröhre mit einem Doppelspaltresonator werden die höheren Verstärkungswerte und ein besserer Wirkungsgrad erzielt.By combining a lattice-controlled hollow jet tube with a double-gap resonator, the higher amplification values and better efficiency are achieved.

Der Hohlstrahl erlaubt ein Röhrenkonzept mit relativ hoher Strahl-Perveanz (P>2.10-6A/V3/2). Das bedeutet zum einen eine relativ niedrige Betriebsspannung, und zum anderen eine relativ steile Kennlinie für die Gittermodulation. Außerdem haben diese Maßnahmen die Erzielung einer hohen Verstärkung bei einer relativ groben Gitterstruktur zur Folge.The hollow beam allowed a tube concept with relatively high perveance beam (P> 2.10 -6 A / V 3/2). This means on the one hand a relatively low operating voltage and on the other hand a relatively steep characteristic curve for the grid modulation. In addition, these measures result in a high gain being achieved with a relatively coarse lattice structure.

Der Hohlraumresonator zur Erzeugung der HF-Leistung ist als gefalteter Hohlraumresonator (gleichphasiger bzw. annähernd gleichphasiger Betrieb) ausgebildet. Dadurch wird ein hoher Wirkungsgrad (η>60%) bei großer Leistungsverstärkung erreicht. Die Verstärkung beträgt mehr als 30dB.The cavity resonator for generating the RF power is designed as a folded cavity resonator (in-phase or approximately in-phase operation). This achieves a high degree of efficiency (η> 60%) with high power amplification. The gain is more than 30dB.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in der Figur der Zeichnung schematisch teilweise im Schnitt dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels weiter erläutert.The invention is further explained with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in section in the figure of the drawing.

Die in der Figur dargestellte Klystrode besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Ring-Kathode 1 mit Heizer für die Erzeugung des Hohlstrahles (Elektronenstrahles) 10. Das Ring-Gitter 2 ist zur Strommodulation des Hohlstrahles 10 vorgesehen. Außerdem sind zwei Resonatorspalt-Blenden 4 und ein Kollektor 3 vorgesehen. Die Klystrode wird in externen Resonatoren mit Abstimmschiebern betrieben. Hierzu ist ein Topfkreis 7 (Gitter-Kathodenkreis) mit einem Abstimmschieber 8 versehen. Der gefaltete Hohlraumresonator 5, der zur Erzeugung der HF-Leistung dient, weist zwei unabhängige Abstimmschieber 6 zur Einstellung der Resonanzfrequenz und der Phasenlage (Optimierung) zwischen Resonatorblenden 4/1 (Wechselwirkungsspalt) und Resonator-Blenden 4/2 (Wechselwirkungsspalt) auf. Zur Fokussierung des Hohlstrahls 10 sind Magnete 9 in den Hohlraumresonator 5 integriert. Im Topfkreis 7 ist ein kapazitiver Koppelkondensator 11 vorgesehen. Die aus keramischem Material bestehenden Isolatorringe sind mit dem Bezugszeichen 12 versehen.The klystrode shown in the figure consists essentially of a ring cathode 1 with a heater for generating the hollow beam (electron beam) 10. The ring grid 2 is provided for modulating the current of the hollow beam 10. In addition, two resonator slits 4 and a collector 3 are provided. The klystrode is operated in external resonators with tuning slides. For this purpose, a pot circle 7 (grid-cathode circle) is included provided a tuning slide 8. The folded cavity resonator 5, which is used to generate the RF power, has two independent tuning slides 6 for setting the resonance frequency and the phase position (optimization) between resonator apertures 4/1 (interaction gap) and resonator apertures 4/2 (interaction gap). To focus the hollow beam 10, magnets 9 are integrated in the cavity resonator 5. A capacitive coupling capacitor 11 is provided in the pot circuit 7. The insulator rings made of ceramic material are provided with the reference number 12.

Claims (2)

1. Klystrode hoher Verstärkung, bestehend aus einer Hohlstrahlröhre und einem Auskoppelresonator, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Hohlstrahlerzeugung eine Ring-Kathode (1) mit Heizer, ein Ring-Gitter (2) zur Strommodulation des Hohlstrahls, zwei Resonatorspalt-Blenden (4) und ein Kollektor (3) vorgesehen sind, daß zum Betrieb der Klystrode externe Resonatoren mit Abstimmschiebern vorgesehen sind, die aus einem Topfkreis (7) für die Strommodulation und einem Abstimmschieber (8) (Gitter-Kathoden-Kreis) bestehen, daß ein gefalteter Hohlraumresonator (5) zur Erzeugung der HF-Leistung zwei unabhängige Abstimmschieber (6) zum Einstellen der Resonatorfrequenz sowie der Phasenlage (Optimierung) zwischen den Resonatorspalt-Blenden (4) für gleichphasigen bzw. annähernd gleichphasigen Betrieb aufweist, und daß zur Fokussierung des Hohlstrahls Magnete (9) mit dem Hohlraumresonatcr integriert sind.1. klystrode of high gain, consisting of a hollow jet tube and a coupling resonator, characterized in that for the hollow jet generation a ring cathode (1) with a heater, a ring grating (2) for current modulation of the hollow beam, two resonator gap diaphragms (4) and a collector (3) are provided that external resonators with tuning slides are provided for operating the klystrode, which consist of a pot circuit (7) for current modulation and a tuning slider (8) (grid-cathode circuit) that a folded cavity resonator (5) for generating the RF power has two independent tuning slides (6) for setting the resonator frequency and the phase position (optimization) between the resonator slits (4) for in-phase or approximately in-phase operation, and that for focusing the hollow beam, magnets ( 9) are integrated with the cavity resonator. 2. Klystrode nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strahl-Perveanz im Bereich des gefalteten Hohlraumresonators (Auskoppelkreis) gröBer ist als 2.10-6A/V3/2.2. Klystrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam pervancy in the area of the folded cavity resonator (coupling-out circuit) is larger than 2.10 -6 A / V 3/2 .
EP84104504A 1983-05-16 1984-04-19 High-gain klystrode Withdrawn EP0125530A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833317788 DE3317788A1 (en) 1983-05-16 1983-05-16 CLYSTRODE WITH HIGH REINFORCEMENT
DE3317788 1983-05-16

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EP0125530A2 true EP0125530A2 (en) 1984-11-21
EP0125530A3 EP0125530A3 (en) 1986-03-19

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EP84104504A Withdrawn EP0125530A3 (en) 1983-05-16 1984-04-19 High-gain klystrode

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EP (1) EP0125530A3 (en)
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2660796A1 (en) * 1990-03-09 1991-10-11 Eev Ltd ELECTRON BEAM TUBE APPARATUS HAVING AN INPUT CAVITY.
EP0587481A1 (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-03-16 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Radial electron tube
US6084353A (en) * 1997-06-03 2000-07-04 Communications And Power Industries, Inc. Coaxial inductive output tube having an annular output cavity
WO2001006532A1 (en) * 1999-07-19 2001-01-25 Vetrov, Andrei Alexeevich Multiple beam regenerating amplifier with electromagnetic oscillations

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5317233A (en) * 1990-04-13 1994-05-31 Varian Associates, Inc. Vacuum tube including grid-cathode assembly with resonant slow-wave structure
US5233269A (en) * 1990-04-13 1993-08-03 Varian Associates, Inc. Vacuum tube with an electron beam that is current and velocity-modulated
US5834898A (en) * 1997-03-04 1998-11-10 Litton Systems, Inc. High power current regulating switch tube with a hollow electron beam
US6127779A (en) * 1997-03-04 2000-10-03 Litton Systems, Inc. High voltage standoff, current regulating, hollow electron beam switch tube
CN104134599A (en) * 2014-07-23 2014-11-05 中国科学院电子学研究所 Inductive output tube with double-gap output cavity
CN104134595A (en) * 2014-08-19 2014-11-05 中国科学院电子学研究所 Sheet beam inductive output tube
CN107452581B (en) * 2017-06-15 2023-06-02 湖北汉光科技股份有限公司 Cathode heat sub-assembly and heat extraction rod connection structure for klystron

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US2408409A (en) * 1941-04-08 1946-10-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Ultra high frequency electronic device
US2409224A (en) * 1941-10-23 1946-10-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Oscillator
US2409693A (en) * 1942-01-06 1946-10-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electron discharge device
US2958804A (en) * 1958-05-19 1960-11-01 Eitel Mccullough Inc Electron beam tube and circuit
US3921027A (en) * 1974-09-13 1975-11-18 Joe Shelton Microwave beam tube

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US2840753A (en) * 1953-02-27 1958-06-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Resnatron construction
DE1945826C3 (en) * 1969-09-10 1973-10-04 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin U. 8000 Muenchen Concentric two-chamber klystron
US3614518A (en) * 1970-03-16 1971-10-19 Varian Associates Microwave tuner having sliding contactors

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2408409A (en) * 1941-04-08 1946-10-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Ultra high frequency electronic device
US2409224A (en) * 1941-10-23 1946-10-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Oscillator
US2409693A (en) * 1942-01-06 1946-10-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electron discharge device
US2958804A (en) * 1958-05-19 1960-11-01 Eitel Mccullough Inc Electron beam tube and circuit
US3921027A (en) * 1974-09-13 1975-11-18 Joe Shelton Microwave beam tube

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
INSTRUMENTS AND EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES, Band 17, Nr. 5, Teil 1, September-Oktober 1974, Seiten 1263-1265, Plenum Publishing Corp., (Consultants Bureau), New York, US; N.S. ZINCHENKO et al.: "A three-electrode high-perveance electron gun for defining a tubular beam" *
PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, Band 70, Nr. 11, November 1982, Seiten 1318-1325, IEEE, New York, US; D.H. PREIST et al.: "The klystrode - An unusual transmitting tube with potential for UHF-TV" *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2660796A1 (en) * 1990-03-09 1991-10-11 Eev Ltd ELECTRON BEAM TUBE APPARATUS HAVING AN INPUT CAVITY.
EP0587481A1 (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-03-16 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Radial electron tube
FR2695755A1 (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-03-18 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Electronic tube with radial structure.
US6084353A (en) * 1997-06-03 2000-07-04 Communications And Power Industries, Inc. Coaxial inductive output tube having an annular output cavity
WO2001006532A1 (en) * 1999-07-19 2001-01-25 Vetrov, Andrei Alexeevich Multiple beam regenerating amplifier with electromagnetic oscillations

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Publication number Publication date
US4567406A (en) 1986-01-28
DE3317788A1 (en) 1984-11-22
EP0125530A3 (en) 1986-03-19

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