EP0123064A1 - Dispositif de régulation de la composition du mélange pour moteur à combustion - Google Patents

Dispositif de régulation de la composition du mélange pour moteur à combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0123064A1
EP0123064A1 EP84102110A EP84102110A EP0123064A1 EP 0123064 A1 EP0123064 A1 EP 0123064A1 EP 84102110 A EP84102110 A EP 84102110A EP 84102110 A EP84102110 A EP 84102110A EP 0123064 A1 EP0123064 A1 EP 0123064A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
probe
operational amplifier
offset voltage
compensation
variable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84102110A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0123064B1 (fr
Inventor
Ferdinand Dipl.-Ing. Grob
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0123064A1 publication Critical patent/EP0123064A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0123064B1 publication Critical patent/EP0123064B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2454—Learning of the air-fuel ratio control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1477—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation circuit or part of it,(e.g. comparator, PI regulator, output)
    • F02D41/1479—Using a comparator with variable reference
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2474—Characteristics of sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28—Interface circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for regulating the air-fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine with a probe sensitive to this ratio, in particular an oxygen probe (lambda probe) and a circuit arrangement for evaluating the output variable of this probe.
  • a probe sensitive to this ratio in particular an oxygen probe (lambda probe)
  • a circuit arrangement for evaluating the output variable of this probe is known for example from DE-OS 20 10 793, in which the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine are continuously analyzed with a probe for the air / fuel ratio and this ratio is corrected by regulating the fuel or air supply in accordance with the result of the analysis becomes.
  • the probe for analyzing the exhaust gas is sensitive to the oxygen content of the exhaust gas and has its most favorable operating range at a temperature between 400 and 500 ° C.
  • Such probes which are sensitive to the oxygen content of the exhaust gas, including the profile of the probe output voltage as a function of lambda, are disclosed, for example, in DE-OS 29 19 220.
  • the probe consists of a solid electrolyte, for example zirconium dioxide, which is contacted on both sides.
  • FIG. 1a shows the output signal of an oxygen probe as a function of lambda
  • FIG. 3 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the control device
  • FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the control device
  • FIG. 5 shows the temperature response of the input offset voltage experimentally determined for the device according to the invention with the input voltage as parameters.
  • the output signal of an oxygen probe is plotted in FIG. 1a via Lamdba.
  • the output voltage has high values in the range of 1000 mV.
  • FIG. 2 serves to illustrate the sizes used in the further.
  • 10 denotes an operational amplifier, the positive input of which is supplied with a voltage U 2 via a resistor 11 and with a compensation voltage U K via a resistor 12.
  • the minus input of the operational amplifier 10 is connected via a resistor 13 to the input voltage U 1 , a voltage source labeled U Off being connected between the resistor 13 and the minus input, which is symbolically shown for all offset voltage influences. From the connection point of this voltage source UOff and the resistor 13, a feedback resistor 14 leads to the output of the operational amplifier 10, at which the output voltage U A is to be taken off.
  • the connection of the voltage source U 2 via a switch 15 can be connected to the resistor 11 to interrupt, while a complementary operable switch 16, the p Eigangss oltage U 1 can also be placed on the positive input.
  • the value of the compensation voltage U K can be determined by a suitable actuation of the switches 15 and 16.
  • short-term compensation phases are periodically inserted, in which the switch 15 is opened, for example, for 1 ms and the switch 16, which is to be operated in a complementary manner, is closed for the same period of time.
  • the input voltage difference U 2 -U 1 0, so that it is possible with a control device to be described later to change the compensation voltage U K in such a way that the output voltage U A also assumes the value 0.
  • This value of the compensation voltage U K which in the general case, even if the requirement of equal resistance ratios V, V 'is dropped, the value assumes is in holding links to analog or digital. Type saved until the next compensation phase.
  • the output voltage of the balanced amplifier results in so that after an adjustment the influence of the offset voltage is eliminated.
  • the value of the output voltage when the resistance ratios V, V 'are not exactly the same deviates only very slightly from the ideal value, so that the resulting inaccuracy can generally be neglected. If, for example, a resistance ratio V, V 'of 100 is desired and the resistors R12, R11 used have a tolerance of + -2%, there is a deviation from the ideal value of less than 1 per mille.
  • the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3 serves on the one hand to represent the described compensation method in a digital version and on the other hand to explain a further method for suppressing the influence of the offset voltages. Since the two compensation methods do not differ much from the complexity of the circuitry, a switch 19 was introduced in FIG. 3, with the aid of which the respective compensation method can be selected.
  • the subtraction stage already described in FIG. 2 is designated by 20, the reference numerals of the two figures corresponding.
  • the output voltage of an oxygen probe denoted by 21, which is represented in the equivalent circuit diagram by the series connection of a voltage source U S and an internal resistor 22, is supplied to the subtracting stage 20 as an input voltage difference U 2 -U 1 . In the present case, the oxygen probe is connected to ground on one side, so that U 1 0.
  • the output voltage U A of the subtraction stage is via an analog-digital converter 25 connected, which is connected on the output side to the resistor 12 in the case of the switch position 2 of the switch 19.
  • the microcomputer 24 generates the clock frequency for actuating the switches 15 and 16, the switch 15 being controlled via an inverter 26, so that there is a complementary switching behavior for both switches. Actuators and other devices for signal processing are acted upon via the outputs of the microcomputer 24 indicated by arrows. These output variables can be corrected by other parameters characterizing the state of the internal combustion engine, such as temperature, power output or pressure.
  • the connection between the digital-to-analog converter 25 and the resistor 12 is interrupted by means of the switch 19 and the resistor 12 is connected to ground in switch position 1.
  • the arrangement works starting from switch position 2 of switch 19 as follows: starting from normal control operation, for which switch 15 is closed and switch 16 is open, the output voltage of operational amplifier 10 is digitized, supplied to microcomputer 24, corrected as a function of other operating parameters, processed and fed to the actuators. To compensate, the microcomputer actuates switches 15 and 16 so that the input voltage of operational amplifier 10 assumes the value zero. The output voltage u A D which is then still present at the output of the operational amplifier 10 and which can be attributed solely to the influence of the offset voltage is converted in the microcomputer 24 in accordance with the derived relationships and via the digital-analog converter 25 as compensation tion voltage U K fed to the resistor 12.
  • this voltage value remains stored in the microcomputer 24 until the next compensation phase. Due to the unlimited storage time of digital storage, it is not necessary to repeat the compensation process too often or periodically. For example, it is possible to carry out the compensation during periods in which lambda control or lambda lean control is not necessary or cannot be carried out, such as in the heating-up time of the probe or in the case of full-load operation or overrun operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the resistor 12 is connected to a constant potential, the ground potential, and the digital-to-analog converter 25 is omitted (switch 19 in position 1).
  • the switches 15 and 16 are actuated accordingly for compensation, so that the voltage occurring at the output of the operational amplifier 10 is solely due to the effects of offset.
  • the input offset voltage is not compared by switching a compensation voltage, but the output offset voltage is stored digitally in the microcomputer 2h via the analog-digital converter 23 and after the compensation phase has ended and the switches 15 and 16 are actuated again by the respective ones Output voltage values subtracted.
  • the compensation can be repeated periodically or carried out in periods in which no lambda control is necessary or possible.
  • This method is based on the fact that it does not compensate the input offset voltage itself, but rather measures its influence at the amplifier output and subtracts this value from the output variable that occurs in normal control operation.
  • FIG. 4 shows an analog version for storing and compensating the input offset voltage.
  • the output voltage of the operational amplifier 10 connected as in FIG. 3, block 20 passes via a switch 30, which is controlled with the same signals as switch 16, to a resistor 31 connected to the negative input of an operational amplifier 32.
  • the negative input of the operational amplifier 32 is via the Series connection of a resistor 33 and a capacitor 34 connected to the output of the operational amplifier 32 and to the resistor 12.
  • the output signals of the operational amplifier 10 also pass via a switch 35 to an operational amplifier 36 connected as a voltage follower, the output signal of which, based on a reference voltage value given by the voltage divider ratio of the voltage divider consisting of the resistors 47 and 48, represents an exact measure of the probe output voltage.
  • the positive input of the operational amplifier 36 is connected to the reference voltage via a capacitor 46.
  • This reference voltage derived from the on-board voltage is also applied to the positive input of the operational amplifier 32.
  • the activation of the switches 15, 16, 30, 35 for switching from control operation to compensation operation takes place on the basis of a voltage pulse with a pulse duration of approx. 1 s.
  • This pulse controls via a differentiating element consisting of the resistor 39 'and the capacitor 38' and an inverter 37 'the switch 15 for about 1 ms in the open state, passes through an inverter 37 to the switches 16 and 30 and moves them for the same time in the closed state.
  • the 1s pulse is shortened to approximately 20 ms via a further differentiating element, consisting of the capacitor 38 and the resistor 39, is inverted by an inverter 40 and the switch 35 is pulled leads, so that this switch opens with switch 15 but only closes after a period of about 20 ms, which is determined by the time constant of the high pass.
  • the switch 15 is opened and at the same time the switch 16 and the switch 37 are closed.
  • the output voltage of the operational amplifier 10, which is dependent only on the input offset voltage, passes via the closed switch 30 to the negative input of the operational amplifier 32, which is connected as a PI controller of the operational amplifier 32 in such a way that the voltage at the output of the operational amplifier 10 assumes the value zero and the arrangement is thus balanced.
  • the charge corresponding to this compensation voltage at the output of the operational amplifier 32 remains stored in the capacitor 34 for a period of time given the very high input resistance of the FET operational amplifier 32 and the capacitance value of the capacitor 34.
  • the switch 35 is closed with a delay of approximately 20 ms in order to bridge the settling time of the circuit device caused by the input filter (not shown). During this period, it is favorable to use the last measured lambda value as the current lambda value.
  • the capacitor 46 at the plus is used for this gear of the operational amplifier 36, which stores the last current value of the output voltage of the operational amplifier 10 during each compensation phase. After a compensation phase has ended, the capacitor 46 is immediately recharged to the new value.
  • the output voltage of the impedance converter 36 is sent to further control and regulating units for further processing.
  • FIG. 5 shows the experimentally determined temperature response of the input offset voltage of an exemplary embodiment corresponding to that of FIG. 4 with the input voltage U E in the range between 10 and 40 mV as a parameter. Regardless of the special curve, all the curves have in common that the input offset voltage varies by less than + -50 ⁇ V over a temperature range of approx. 100 °.
  • These measurement curves impressively confirm the performance of the device according to the invention, which makes it possible to determine the actual lambda value with high accuracy even for lean control with extreme lambda values up to ⁇ ⁇ 1.80.
  • Such lean regulations of the combustion process in the range ⁇ > 1.50 are particularly important for heating systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
EP84102110A 1983-03-29 1984-02-29 Dispositif de régulation de la composition du mélange pour moteur à combustion Expired EP0123064B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833311350 DE3311350A1 (de) 1983-03-29 1983-03-29 Regeleinrichtung fuer die gemischzusammensetzung einer brennkraftmaschine
DE3311350 1983-03-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0123064A1 true EP0123064A1 (fr) 1984-10-31
EP0123064B1 EP0123064B1 (fr) 1988-05-04

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ID=6194950

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EP84102110A Expired EP0123064B1 (fr) 1983-03-29 1984-02-29 Dispositif de régulation de la composition du mélange pour moteur à combustion

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US4526147A (fr)
EP (1) EP0123064B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59183050A (fr)
DE (2) DE3311350A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0416197A1 (fr) * 1989-08-31 1991-03-13 VDO Adolf Schindling AG Méthode et dispositif pour améliorer la composition des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
EP0455436A2 (fr) * 1990-04-30 1991-11-06 Motorola, Inc. Circuit électrique d'interface

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3632036A1 (de) * 1985-09-28 1987-04-02 Volkswagen Ag Einrichtung zur einstellung des kraftstoff-luft-gemischs bei einer brennkraftmaschine mit einer lambdasonde
US5089433A (en) * 1988-08-08 1992-02-18 National Semiconductor Corporation Bipolar field-effect electrically erasable programmable read only memory cell and method of manufacture
DE4113316C2 (de) * 1991-04-24 2003-09-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Anschlußschaltung für eine Lambdasonde und Prüfverfahren für eine solche Schaltung
US5115639A (en) * 1991-06-28 1992-05-26 Ford Motor Company Dual EGO sensor closed loop fuel control
US5357751A (en) * 1993-04-08 1994-10-25 Ford Motor Company Air/fuel control system providing catalytic monitoring
US5381656A (en) * 1993-09-27 1995-01-17 Ford Motor Company Engine air/fuel control system with catalytic converter monitoring
US5363646A (en) * 1993-09-27 1994-11-15 Ford Motor Company Engine air/fuel control system with catalytic converter monitoring
US5386693A (en) * 1993-09-27 1995-02-07 Ford Motor Company Engine air/fuel control system with catalytic converter monitoring
US5404718A (en) * 1993-09-27 1995-04-11 Ford Motor Company Engine control system
DE19508560A1 (de) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Schaltung zur Aufbereitung eines Meßfühlersignals
US6497135B1 (en) * 2000-09-08 2002-12-24 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Controller for use with wide range oxygen sensor
DE10255704A1 (de) * 2002-11-29 2004-06-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gasmessvorrichtung und Verfahren mit Störkompensation
WO2010141907A1 (fr) 2009-06-04 2010-12-09 Rotation Medical, Inc. Appareil de pose d'agrafes en forme d'arc sur un tissue cible
DE102014102163B4 (de) * 2014-02-20 2017-08-03 Denso Corporation Übertragungstechnik für analog erfasste Messwerte
US10746118B1 (en) * 2019-07-02 2020-08-18 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited Compensator circuitry and method for an oxygen sensor

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3940678A (en) * 1974-12-31 1976-02-24 Yamatake-Honeywell Company Ltd. Multi-input switching means
US3973529A (en) * 1973-07-03 1976-08-10 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Reducing noxious components from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines
US4130095A (en) * 1977-07-12 1978-12-19 General Motors Corporation Fuel control system with calibration learning capability for motor vehicle internal combustion engine
US4186700A (en) * 1978-09-01 1980-02-05 Motorola, Inc. Low leakage integrator for carburetor control
GB2047439A (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-11-26 Nissan Motor Air-fuel ratio control system for internal combustion engines
US4298843A (en) * 1979-06-15 1981-11-03 Edo-Aire Mitchell Stabilized DC amplifier
DE3115404A1 (de) * 1981-04-16 1982-11-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ueberwachung und kalibrierung von grenzstromsonden

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DE3024607A1 (de) * 1980-06-28 1982-02-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Einrichtung zur regelung des kraftstoff/luftverhaeltnisses bei brennkraftmaschinen
JPS5762944A (en) * 1980-09-02 1982-04-16 Honda Motor Co Ltd Fail-saft device for sensors for detecting states and conditions of internal combustion engine
JPS57210137A (en) * 1981-05-15 1982-12-23 Honda Motor Co Ltd Feedback control device of air-fuel ratio in internal combustion engine
DE3139988A1 (de) * 1981-10-08 1983-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektronisch gesteuertes oder geregeltes kraftstoffzumesssystem fuer eine brennkraftmaschine
JPH0629589B2 (ja) * 1983-03-22 1994-04-20 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の空燃比制御装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3973529A (en) * 1973-07-03 1976-08-10 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Reducing noxious components from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines
US3940678A (en) * 1974-12-31 1976-02-24 Yamatake-Honeywell Company Ltd. Multi-input switching means
US4130095A (en) * 1977-07-12 1978-12-19 General Motors Corporation Fuel control system with calibration learning capability for motor vehicle internal combustion engine
US4186700A (en) * 1978-09-01 1980-02-05 Motorola, Inc. Low leakage integrator for carburetor control
GB2047439A (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-11-26 Nissan Motor Air-fuel ratio control system for internal combustion engines
US4298843A (en) * 1979-06-15 1981-11-03 Edo-Aire Mitchell Stabilized DC amplifier
DE3115404A1 (de) * 1981-04-16 1982-11-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ueberwachung und kalibrierung von grenzstromsonden

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0416197A1 (fr) * 1989-08-31 1991-03-13 VDO Adolf Schindling AG Méthode et dispositif pour améliorer la composition des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
US5033438A (en) * 1989-08-31 1991-07-23 Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag Method and device for improving the exhaust-gas behavior or mixture-compressing internal combustion engines
EP0455436A2 (fr) * 1990-04-30 1991-11-06 Motorola, Inc. Circuit électrique d'interface
EP0455436A3 (en) * 1990-04-30 1993-03-17 Motorola, Inc. Electrical interface circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4526147A (en) 1985-07-02
JPS59183050A (ja) 1984-10-18
DE3311350A1 (de) 1984-10-04
DE3470906D1 (en) 1988-06-09
EP0123064B1 (fr) 1988-05-04

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