EP0117579A2 - Explosivladungen erhalten durch das kalte Vermischen von oxydierten Salzen mit flüssigen nitrierten Verbindungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung - Google Patents

Explosivladungen erhalten durch das kalte Vermischen von oxydierten Salzen mit flüssigen nitrierten Verbindungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0117579A2
EP0117579A2 EP84200185A EP84200185A EP0117579A2 EP 0117579 A2 EP0117579 A2 EP 0117579A2 EP 84200185 A EP84200185 A EP 84200185A EP 84200185 A EP84200185 A EP 84200185A EP 0117579 A2 EP0117579 A2 EP 0117579A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nitro compounds
explosive charges
mixing
liquid
mixtures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84200185A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0117579A3 (de
Inventor
Giorgio Mangiarotti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mangiarotti SpA
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Mangiarotti SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mangiarotti SpA filed Critical Mangiarotti SpA
Publication of EP0117579A2 publication Critical patent/EP0117579A2/de
Publication of EP0117579A3 publication Critical patent/EP0117579A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/04—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic
    • C06B25/06—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic with two or more nitrated aromatic compounds present
    • C06B25/08—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic with two or more nitrated aromatic compounds present at least one of which is nitrated toluene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
    • C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B31/38—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic

Definitions

  • This invention concerns explosive charges obtained by the cold-mixing of oxidizing salts with liquid nitro compounds.
  • Nitro compounds here mean those organic compounds (called nitric esters) in which the N02 groups are bonded directly to atoms of C and not through an atom of 0.
  • the invention also concerns procedures to obtain such explosive charges.
  • the invention concerns the production of explosive charges by using at least ternary mixtures of aromatic nitro compounds, the composition of the latter being such that they are normally liquid at the ambient temperature, so that mixing with nitrates can be carried out at the ambient temperature.
  • aromatic nitro compounds employed in the art of explosives are many in number: nitrobenzenes, nitrotoluenes, nitrophenols, nitronaphthalenes with one, two, three or more nitric N02 groups in the molecule, but for various practical reasons only the nitro derivatives of toluene, in particular trinitrotoluene and dinitrotoluene, remain in use now.
  • nitrates mainly ammonium nitrate
  • Such a decline in quality is due to hardening of the explosive mixture at temperatures close to that of crystalline conversion of the ammonium nitrate or at temperatures of solidification of nitro compounds including dinitrotoluene too.
  • the known procedure with cold-mixing provides a low quality product which has low sensitivity and less explosive power.
  • US 1,820,568 this patent discloses explosives consisting of an absorbent in coal powder, various chlorates and a mixture of liquid nitro compounds. This mixture contains two nitro . compounds and is liquefied by heating before it is mixed with the other components. This composition also discloses other substances outside the field of the present invention.
  • this patent discloses explosive mixtures which are solid at 70°C and are based on tetryl or ethyl tetryl mixed with hexogen, ⁇ octogen or pentaerythrite; stabilizers and polymers such as resins or nitrocellulose may also be used.
  • this composition does not include any of the components employed in the present invention.
  • Powder-type explosive charges are manufactured by mixing nitrates (mainly ammonium nitrate, but to a lesser extent potassium, sodium or calcium nitrate) with combustible and sensitizing substances which react by using the excess oxygen made available by the nitrates as the supporter of combustion.
  • nitrates mainly ammonium nitrate, but to a lesser extent potassium, sodium or calcium nitrate
  • Aromatic nitro compounds provide a compromise solution which offers the best obtainable from the various foregoing points of view. They have a satisfactory behaviour as combustible substances, enough but not excessive sensitivity after mixing and very good long term stability together with a low vapour pressure, which enables losses by evaporation, such as those experienced with Diesel oil, to be avoided.
  • the invention envisages the use of at least ternary mixtures of aromatic nitrocompounds, which have a composition such as will be liquid at the ambient temperature.
  • Such at least ternary mixtures can therefore have a eutectic composition or a composition within the neighbourhood of a eutectic composition, the composition in all cases being such that the mixtures are liquid at about the ambient temperature.
  • the invention is therefore embodied with explosive charges consisting mainly of inorganic nitrates and mixtures of aromatic nitro compounds, the mixtures of nitro compounds being at least ternary and having a composition such as to lead to melting temperatures such that such mixtures are liquid at least at about the ambient temperature.
  • the graph of Fig.1 shows the progress of the solidification temperatures for a mixture of orthonitrotoluene and paranitrotoluene in all possible proportions from 0 to 100%.
  • the graph of Fig.2 shows the solidification temperatures for mixtures of trinitrotoluene 2-4-6 (TNT) and dinitrotoluene 2-4 (BNT) in all possible proportions.
  • TNT indicates trinitrotoluene 2-4-6
  • BNT is dinitrotoluene 2-6
  • TNF is trinitrophenol
  • At least ternary mixtures consist of trinitrotoluenes and dinitrotoluenes to which may be added very small quantities of nitrotoluene and nitrobenzenes, which lower the solidification temperature even further when so required.
  • a mixture consisting of 60% trinitrotoluene 2-4-6, 25% trinitrotoluene 2-3-5 and 15% dinitrotoluene 2-4 has a solidification temperature of about 55°C.
  • a mixture consisting of 50% trinitrotoluene 2-4-6, 20% trinitrotoluene 2-3-5 and 2-4-5, 20% dinitrotoluene 2-4, 7% dinitrotoluene 2-3 and 3-5, 2% technical nitrotoluene and 1% trinitrobenzene has a solidification temperature of about 40°C.
  • a mixture consisting of 35% trinitrotoluene 2-4-6, 15% trinitrotoluene 2-3-4 and 2-4-5, 35% dinitrotoluene 2-4, 10% dinitrotoluene 2-3 and 3-5, 3% technical nitrotoluene and 2% trinitrobenzene has a solidification temperature of about 20°C.
  • Preparation of the mixtures according to the invention is easy and fast; after the desired quantity of ammonium nitrate or of other accessory components has been introduced into the mixer, the liquid mixture of the nitro compounds in a desired quantity is poured onto the powder mixture and mixing is carried on until homogenization is obtained.
  • the liquid penetrates into the porosity of the powdery particles and the mixing is very intimate and homogeneous; there is no danger of the formation of hard crusts due to solidification, for the nitro compounds are liquid at the ambient temperature and remain such even during storage; precisely because of their liquid state they maintain a given plasticity in the explosive so produced and obviate the formation of annoying dust even if the working environment is very dry; this plasticity assists the operations of packaging and also of stemming and loading the explosive charges.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
EP84200185A 1983-02-23 1984-02-10 Explosivladungen erhalten durch das kalte Vermischen von oxydierten Salzen mit flüssigen nitrierten Verbindungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung Withdrawn EP0117579A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8333583 1983-02-23
IT8383335A IT1228594B (it) 1983-02-23 1983-02-23 Esplosivi per mina ottenuti per miscelazione a freddo di sali ossidanti con nitrocomposti liquidi e metodi di produzione

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0117579A2 true EP0117579A2 (de) 1984-09-05
EP0117579A3 EP0117579A3 (de) 1985-01-09

Family

ID=11320311

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84200185A Withdrawn EP0117579A3 (de) 1983-02-23 1984-02-10 Explosivladungen erhalten durch das kalte Vermischen von oxydierten Salzen mit flüssigen nitrierten Verbindungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0117579A3 (de)
ES (1) ES8607199A1 (de)
HU (1) HUT36760A (de)
IT (1) IT1228594B (de)
RO (1) RO90642A (de)
YU (1) YU33684A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0493638A1 (de) * 1990-12-31 1992-07-08 Union Espanola De Explosivos S.A. Compositsprengstoffe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR349635A (fr) * 1904-04-05 1904-06-07 Charles Girard Perfectionnements apportés aux explosifs
FR469898A (fr) * 1913-05-31 1914-08-13 Alphonse Emile Verge Procédé de fabrication de dérivés nitrés complexes liquides du toluène, applicables notamment à la fabrication d'explosifs
US1820567A (en) * 1927-03-17 1931-08-25 James F O Brien Explosive
DE1221945B (de) * 1964-08-11 1966-07-28 Wasagchemie Ag Giessbares Hochleistungs-Sprenggemisch
GB1382222A (en) * 1972-01-11 1975-01-29 Canadian Ind Explosive composition for use in fracturing subterranean formations

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR349635A (fr) * 1904-04-05 1904-06-07 Charles Girard Perfectionnements apportés aux explosifs
FR469898A (fr) * 1913-05-31 1914-08-13 Alphonse Emile Verge Procédé de fabrication de dérivés nitrés complexes liquides du toluène, applicables notamment à la fabrication d'explosifs
US1820567A (en) * 1927-03-17 1931-08-25 James F O Brien Explosive
DE1221945B (de) * 1964-08-11 1966-07-28 Wasagchemie Ag Giessbares Hochleistungs-Sprenggemisch
GB1382222A (en) * 1972-01-11 1975-01-29 Canadian Ind Explosive composition for use in fracturing subterranean formations

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0493638A1 (de) * 1990-12-31 1992-07-08 Union Espanola De Explosivos S.A. Compositsprengstoffe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8607199A1 (es) 1986-06-01
IT1228594B (it) 1991-06-24
ES529926A0 (es) 1986-06-01
IT8383335A0 (it) 1983-02-23
RO90642A (ro) 1987-01-30
YU33684A (en) 1986-10-31
HUT36760A (en) 1985-10-28
EP0117579A3 (de) 1985-01-09

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Inventor name: MANGIAROTTI, GIORGIO