EP0114584B1 - Chain cutter excavator - Google Patents

Chain cutter excavator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0114584B1
EP0114584B1 EP83830282A EP83830282A EP0114584B1 EP 0114584 B1 EP0114584 B1 EP 0114584B1 EP 83830282 A EP83830282 A EP 83830282A EP 83830282 A EP83830282 A EP 83830282A EP 0114584 B1 EP0114584 B1 EP 0114584B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chain
tools
excavation
excavator
attack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83830282A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0114584A3 (en
EP0114584A2 (en
Inventor
Bruno Casagrande
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Casagrande and C SpA
Casagrande SpA
Original Assignee
Casagrande and C SpA
Casagrande SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Casagrande and C SpA, Casagrande SpA filed Critical Casagrande and C SpA
Publication of EP0114584A2 publication Critical patent/EP0114584A2/en
Publication of EP0114584A3 publication Critical patent/EP0114584A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0114584B1 publication Critical patent/EP0114584B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9212—Mechanical digging means, e.g. suction wheels, i.e. wheel with a suction inlet attached behind the wheel
    • E02F3/9225—Mechanical digging means, e.g. suction wheels, i.e. wheel with a suction inlet attached behind the wheel with rotating cutting elements
    • E02F3/9237—Suction wheels with axis of rotation in transverse direction of the longitudinal axis of the suction pipe
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/06—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with digging elements mounted on an endless chain
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B11/00—Other drilling tools
    • E21B11/06—Other drilling tools with driven cutting chains or similarly driven tools

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a chain cutter excavator.
  • the invention concerns a chain cutter excavator able to dig ditches, trenches, wells, excavations for partition walls or other kinds of excavations according to the precharacterizing part of claim 1; moreover, the excavator of the invention can work on and in any kind of ground, thereby augmenting its versatility.
  • Chain cutter excavators which have tools rotatable with a vertical axis. These types of excavators entail many drawbacks such as:
  • Chain cutter excavators are also known which have tools rotatable with a horizontal axis.
  • each chain means has means to attack the earth, such as teeth or other means, which cooperate with like means provided on the periphery of the rotatable tools. Pneumatic means to remove debris are also included.
  • the aforesaid mechanical synchronization does not permit adaptation of the speeds of the individual tools and therefore does not enable the vertical nature of the excavation to be corrected.
  • the invention lends itself, therefore, to excavation in friable earth or not very consistent ground but is not suitable for employment in rocky and compact ground.
  • the rotatable tools do not work laterally to the head, and blade means to improve the excavation which are able to be lowered with jacks are provided so as to trim the walls of the excavation itself.
  • blade means to improve the excavation which are able to be lowered with jacks are provided so as to trim the walls of the excavation itself.
  • these blade means provide just a fancy demonstration without any practical benefit, so that, as soon as compact or rocky ground is reached, the excavation cannot progress because these blades form a hindrance.
  • means are not provided for resilient suspension of the rotatable tools, such suspension means being able to compensate for variations of load on the individual tools owing to variability in local consistency of the ground.
  • a further drawback of this invention lies in the difficulty encountered in adjusting and setting the chain means, which are embodied in two successive sections.
  • Patent US-A-3,894,587 is also known and discloses a chain cutter excavator with tools rotatable with a horizontal axis. This invention envisages a direct drive of the rotatable tools, which cooperate as far as their periphery.
  • the motors therefore have to be located on the same axis as the said rotatable tools.
  • Such a lay-out arranges for the cutter tools to be supported at one end on the drive axles, and this entails a considerable overall size in the direction axial to the motors and a dangerous mechanical stress on the supports (referenced with 6 in this patent) and on the motors themselves.
  • Our invention has the purpose of providing a chain cutter excavator able to eliminate the foregoing drawbacks and shortcomings, which are all inherent in the known art.
  • One purpose of the invention is to provide a chain cutter excavator of a modest overall size and suitable for attacking the ground and for working along the whole width of the excavation face, thereby making possible very great forward movements in depth in ground of any nature and consistency.
  • a further purpose of the invention is to provide a chain cutter excavator equipped with means for continuous withdrawal of debris as the digging goes forward.
  • Yet another purpose of the invention is to provide motor means having a high motive torque and high power but to keep the overall size of the excavator very small.
  • Said tools are driven indirectly by hydraulic motors located above the tools.
  • the invention envisages advantageously a chain transmission between each motor and the relative tool. Said chain bears on its outer side suitable means for attacking the ground.
  • Like attacking means are solidly fixed on the periphery of said rotatable tools driven by the chain.
  • the kind of lay-out adopted for the rotatable means and, in particular, the drive of the rotatable tools by a chain which itself is equipped with means to attack the ground enables said means attacking the ground to be arranged advantageously in such a way as to form a continuous excavation face free of dead spaces and having a size the same as or slightly greater than the overall thickness of the bucket.
  • the attacking means may consist of a plurality of suitably arranged and oriented teeth or projections.
  • the teeth will be predisposed advantageously so that they can be replaced when broken or worn.
  • the hydraulic motors have an immovable axle and a rotatable casing.
  • a toothed ring which actuates the relative chain together with the attacking means is fixed solidly to the casing of each motor.
  • This particular construction enables a very small thickness of the head of the chain cutter excavator to be obtained; it also makes it possible to lessen advantageously the number of movable parts and also to obtain a particularly strong assemblage.
  • the invention envisages advantageously that the toothed wheels at the end are fitted in an elastic, damped manner. In this way an excellent distribution of the load can be achieved when the excavator comprises more than one rotatable tool.
  • the tool which attacks the most compact material meets with a greater resistance to its forward movement and loads the elastic means positioned between itself and the head.
  • the tool which is biting into the least compact material continues to advance without rotating in an empty space, whereas the other tool makes up the difference in forward movement owing to the effect of the greater load applied to it.
  • the elastic means with the help of the damping means, absorb at least partially the stresses coming from the rotatable tools and loading the remainder of the structure.
  • the invention also envisages pneumatic means which withdraw continuously the debris being produced.
  • the whole assemblage is installed in a working head of a much reduced thickness.
  • the invention is therefore embodied with a chain cutter excavator able to work in any kind of ground and make ditches, trenches, wells, excavations for partition walls, etc., which comprises:
  • the chain cutter excavator of the invention bears the reference number 10.
  • Said excavator 10 comprises a head 11 with an outer shape substantially like a box without a bottom from the lower side of which the excavation means 12 jut out.
  • the head 11 has the task of bearing and protecting the inside parts and is connected at its upper end to a shaft 111, which can be, for instance, telescopic and be borne by a self- propelled means, which is not shown here.
  • the excavation means 12 in our example consist of a pair of rotating tools 13, but said tools 13 according to the invention can be included in another number albeit advantageously in contrarotatable pairs.
  • the rotatable tools 13 are contrarotatable, the purpose being to obtain not only a symmetry of the forces but also the drawing of the crushed material to a middle aspiration zone 14 located between the tools 13 themselves.
  • each of the rotatable tools 13 consists of an inner toothed wheel 15 coaxial with and solidly fixed to two outer wheels 16, one on each side.
  • the inner toothed wheel 15 is supported by a fork 17.
  • the fork 17 is positioned centrally in relation to each pair of rotatable tools 13 and contains in its centre the inner gear wheel 15. Moreover, the fork 17 is fitted resiliently in relation to the head 11, for spring means 18, damper means 19 and means 39 to guide the lengthwise sliding of the fork 17 are interposed.
  • a hydraulic motor 20 is located above each toothed wheel 15. Said hydraulic motors 20 are advantageously disposed with their motive axle 21 immovable and with their casing 22 rotating. A toothed crown 23 is located on the periphery of the casing 22.
  • the toothed crown 23 draws with a chain 25 the toothed wheel 15 and therewith the outer wheels 16 solidly fixed to the latter 15.
  • toothings differentiated to suit the specific usages are envisaged and if the toothing on the chain 25 is envisaged as being different from that on the wheels 16.
  • Fig. 1 shows clearly how the lay-out of the mechanical organs according to the invention and, in particular, the positioning of the motors 20 higher than the rotatable tools 13, and the chain transmission 25, which itself bears means to attack the ground, enable an excavation face 24 free of dead spaces to be obtained.
  • the diameter of the wheel 15 as compared to that of the wheels 16 is selected advantageously in such a way as to form an excavation face 24 suitably shaped like an inverted V (see Fig. 1 b). This arrangement ensures that the crushed material is drawn towards the centre line of the tool 13 and thereafter towards the aspiration zone 14.
  • Blade means 27 are interposed between the two contrarotatabletools 13 and contribute to a further crushing of the debris in our example.
  • Means 28 to withdraw debris are comprised in the middle of the head 11.
  • Said means 28 include a withdrawal pipe 29 in this instance.
  • Said pipe 29 (see Figs. 2) has a squashed end portion 129 which terminates in an aspiration intake 30.
  • Means 31 to deliver compressed air consist, in our example, of two pipes 32 positioned at the sides of the withdrawal pipe 29. Said pipes 32 are connected above to a supply of compressed air 33 or of another fluid under pressure.
  • Each pipe 32 widens at its lower part 132, which is superimposed at the side of the end portion 129 of the withdrawal pipe 29.
  • This layout has the effect of drawing and aspirating the debris within said pipe 29, which opens out suitably outside the bucket 10.
  • Figs. 3 show a detail of the nozzle means 34 according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3a gives a view along the section A-A (Fig. 2b) of the end portion 129 with the parts 132 of the pipes 32.
  • Fig. 3b is a cutaway side view of the nozzle means 34.
  • the air coming from 132 is sent through a plurality of holes 35 to as many chambers 36, which comprise a non-return valve 37 with a ball 137 and spring 237.
  • the air is sent at high speed through an oblique nozzle 38 from the chamber 36 to the pipe 29 and creates an upward flow.
  • the aspiration intake 30 can have a hard metal lining so as to lessen wear caused by the passage of debris.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
EP83830282A 1983-01-24 1983-12-27 Chain cutter excavator Expired EP0114584B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8331183 1983-01-24
IT8383311A IT1209018B (it) 1983-01-24 1983-01-24 Benna fresatrice.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0114584A2 EP0114584A2 (en) 1984-08-01
EP0114584A3 EP0114584A3 (en) 1984-08-29
EP0114584B1 true EP0114584B1 (en) 1987-05-13

Family

ID=11319926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83830282A Expired EP0114584B1 (en) 1983-01-24 1983-12-27 Chain cutter excavator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0114584B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS59138615A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3371547D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1209018B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2579265B1 (fr) * 1985-03-20 1992-02-14 Sourice Claude Procede et dispositif de creusement de puits
FR2574847B1 (fr) * 1984-12-13 1987-01-16 Soletanche Dispositif pour effectuer des forages circulaires de grand diametre dans le sol
IT1240873B (it) * 1990-03-16 1993-12-17 Casagrande Spa Dispositivo di scavo con fressa rotante ad asse orizzontale
DE59204931D1 (de) * 1992-01-30 1996-02-15 Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten Vorrichtung zum Einbringen eines Bodenschlitzes im Zuge der Herstellung einer Dicht- oder Stützwand
DE29522060U1 (de) * 1994-12-09 1999-07-29 Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH, 41812 Erkelenz Schlitzfräse
EP1640509B2 (de) * 2004-08-23 2014-03-05 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erstellen einer Schlitzwand im Erdboden
FR2883893B1 (fr) * 2005-03-31 2007-06-22 Cie Du Sol Soc Civ Ile Bouche d'aspiration pour machine d'excavation de tranchee
ITUD20060105A1 (it) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-22 Casagrande Spa Apparato per l'accessibilita' a mezzi di motorizzazione
ITBO20090227A1 (it) * 2009-04-09 2010-10-10 Simex Engineering Srl Testata fresante per eseguire lavori di scavo o di finitura con superfici complanari senza gradini o soluzioni di continuita'
ITTO20110961A1 (it) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-25 Soilmec Spa Sistema per la evacuazione di fanghi di scavo.
CN106801420A (zh) * 2017-02-05 2017-06-06 胡龙顺 一种筒状支撑体的施工机械及方法
CN106906820A (zh) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-30 胡龙顺 工字钢锁口止水帷幕制作设备
CN106759298A (zh) * 2017-02-26 2017-05-31 胡龙顺 一种联扣基础桩的制造方法
CN107022998A (zh) * 2017-05-24 2017-08-08 刘玉兴 一种接头互插墙的制作技术

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS495402B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1969-12-13 1974-02-07
ES420924A1 (es) * 1972-12-14 1976-04-01 Hydrosol Dispositivo de perforacion.
JPS504503U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-05-07 1975-01-17

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0114584A3 (en) 1984-08-29
IT1209018B (it) 1989-07-10
JPH0567734B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-09-27
IT8383311A0 (it) 1983-01-24
EP0114584A2 (en) 1984-08-01
DE3371547D1 (en) 1987-06-19
JPS59138615A (ja) 1984-08-09

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