EP0113698B1 - Improved tape closure for a can end - Google Patents

Improved tape closure for a can end Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0113698B1
EP0113698B1 EP84300099A EP84300099A EP0113698B1 EP 0113698 B1 EP0113698 B1 EP 0113698B1 EP 84300099 A EP84300099 A EP 84300099A EP 84300099 A EP84300099 A EP 84300099A EP 0113698 B1 EP0113698 B1 EP 0113698B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
tape
adhesive
container end
bond
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84300099A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0113698A1 (en
Inventor
Wilfred R. C/O Minnesota Mining And Brochman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Co
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority to AT84300099T priority Critical patent/ATE26426T1/de
Publication of EP0113698A1 publication Critical patent/EP0113698A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0113698B1 publication Critical patent/EP0113698B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
    • B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D17/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions
    • B65D17/50—Non-integral frangible members applied to, or inserted in, preformed openings, e.g. tearable strips or plastic plugs
    • B65D17/501—Flexible tape or foil-like material
    • B65D17/505—Flexible tape or foil-like material applied to the external and internal part of the container wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2517/00—Containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing or tearing of wall portions, e.g. preserving cans or tins
    • B65D2517/0001—Details
    • B65D2517/001—Action for opening container
    • B65D2517/0013—Action for opening container pull-out tear panel, e.g. by means of a tear-tab
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2517/00—Containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing or tearing of wall portions, e.g. preserving cans or tins
    • B65D2517/0001—Details
    • B65D2517/0058—Other details of container end panel
    • B65D2517/008—Materials of container end panel
    • B65D2517/0082—Coated or laminated metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2517/00—Containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing or tearing of wall portions, e.g. preserving cans or tins
    • B65D2517/0001—Details
    • B65D2517/0091—Means for venting upon initial opening
    • B65D2517/0094—Means for venting upon initial opening formed as a separate opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2517/00—Containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing or tearing of wall portions, e.g. preserving cans or tins
    • B65D2517/50—Non-integral frangible members applied to, or inserted in, a preformed opening
    • B65D2517/5002—Details of flexible tape or foil-like material
    • B65D2517/5024—Material
    • B65D2517/5032—Laminated
    • B65D2517/5035—Laminated and connected to container by local areas of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2517/00—Containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing or tearing of wall portions, e.g. preserving cans or tins
    • B65D2517/50—Non-integral frangible members applied to, or inserted in, a preformed opening
    • B65D2517/5072—Details of hand grip, tear- or lift-tab
    • B65D2517/5083—Details of hand grip, tear- or lift-tab with means facilitating initial lifting of tape, e.g. lift or pull-tabs

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a container end assembly and in one aspect to an improved container'end construction for use on beverage containers and having an opening in said end covered by a length of removable tape.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a container can assembly which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • a container end assembly comprising a container end formed of metallic material having an exterior surface and an interior surface and being formed with a pour opening; a polymeric layer over said exterior surface of said end; and a tape bonded by an adhesive to an area of the exterior surface of said layer circumjacent and covering said pour opening, said adhesive forming a bond between said tape and said layer, characterized by the feature that the bond made between said tape and said layer has greater strength than the bond between said layer and the surface supporting said layer, causing said layer to break and peel from said end upon removal of the tape from the container end.
  • the invention may form part of a two-tape system in which an interior sheet material is adhered to the inner surface of the can end circumjacent the pour opening and, in the area of the pour opening, the external tape is bonded by the adhesive to the interior sheet material to afford tearing of the interior sheet material at the edges of the pour opening as the exterior tape is peeled from the can end.
  • the can end is formed from metal sheet stock, e.g., tin-free steel (TFS), coated with a first exterior layer for the can end which may be a lacquer or an enamel, and a second protective layer which may be a lacquer, enamel or a vinyl coating, is placed over the first layer, each of which is cured after being coated by heating to afford a releasable bond between the two layers.
  • TFS tin-free steel
  • the exterior tape is then bonded to the second layer by an adhesive which bonds the two more firmly than the second layer bonds to the first.
  • the container end assembly 10 comprises a container or can end 12 formed of a flexible metallic sheet material or metal which takes a permanent set when folded and has a circular flange 14 about the periphery for attachment to an end of a cylindrical container.
  • the can end 12 has a generally U-shape cut 15 defining three sides of an opening in the container end forming the pour opening 15.
  • a tongue 16 is formed which extends from the side into the pour opening to hold the tape, upon opening of the closure, in a position away from the pour opening and to restrict the possibility of entirely separating the tape closure from the can end upon opening the same such that the closure does not become separated from the can and not properly deposited or disposed of by the person opening the container.
  • the tongue-like portion 16 is described and claimed in U.S. patent No. 4,108,330, assigned to the assignee of this invention.
  • the pour opening 15 preferably includes a relatively narrow arcuate portion 17 extending toward the flange 14 of the can end 12.
  • the portion 17 will be the first part of the illustrated pour opening uncovered as the tape is being peeled from the can. When this occurs, the portion 17 permits a small area of the interior tape to be drawn against the edge of the opening 15 and it will begin to tear along the edges of the portion 17 and progress along the remaining portions of the three sides of the opening 15 to neatly tear the interior sheet material covering the pour opening 15.
  • the can end 12 may be formed of a metal which is subject to corrosion and thus is provided with a protective layer to restrict corrosion and maintain its appearance.
  • the can end 12 is provided with a first exterior coating defining a first layer 19 which is applied to the material forming the can end and is cured.
  • a second coating or layer 20 is then applied to the layer 19 and is suitably cured to form a bond between the first layer 19 and the second layer 20.
  • a first interior coating 21 is applied to the interior surface of the can end and a top coating 22 is applied over the coating 21 in a similar manner by applying the first coating and curing the same and then applying the second coating 22 and curing the same.
  • a single interior coating would be sufficient with a coating defining a layer having the protective properties and adhesion required while being ductile enough not to crack or fracture during the can end making and sealing operations.
  • An exterior tape 24 is adhered to the exterior surface of the can end 12 in a position circumjacent and completely covering the pour opening 15.
  • the tape 24 comprises a backing 25 having coated on one surface thereof an adhesive 26 which adheres tightly to the backing 25 and in the presence of heat and pressure bonds the backing 25 securely to the exterior layer 20 of the can end.
  • the adhesive 26 forms a bond to the external top layer 20, having greater shear and peel strength then the bond between the top layer 20 and a first layer 19.
  • An adhesive bond is made to the can end 12 about the pour opening&15 and has a peripheral pattern such that at one end of the pour opening 15 adjacent the flange 14 the peripheral edges of the adhesive 26, where it is bonded to the layer 20, converge to a point 28. This pattern is such that the peeling force applied to the tape 24 is concentrated initially on a small area, as at the point 28, to afford the initial fracture of the outer second layer 20. Continued peeling of the tape removes the layer 20 bonded to the adhesive 26 from the layer 19.
  • the container end assembly 10 also includes an interior sheet material 29 comprising a thin transparent sheet material 30 having an adhesive layer 31 which material is firmly adhered to the inner surface of the can end circumjacent and completely covering the opening 15.
  • Sheet 30 is adhesively secured to the interior top coat 22 and is adhesively secured to the opposed adjacent surface of the exterior tape 24 through the pour opening 15 and to the tongue 16.
  • This interior sheet material 30 can serve to protect the edge of the can along the cut forming the pour opening 15 and the tongue 16 from the contents of the container.
  • an opening 34 is formed in the backing 25 and the adhesive 26 of the exterior tape in the area of the pour opening 15.
  • the backing 25 may be pressed against the adhesive 31 of the interior sheet material 30 to seal the opening 34.
  • the bond between the backing 25 and the adhesive 31 is sufficient such that upon lifting the exterior tape 24 by a free end or tab 35 the first thing to happen is a fracturing of the interior tape 30 in the area of the opening 34 to provide a small pressure relief aperture which will allow a safe and relatively quiet release of the pressure within the container without causing the contents to spray from the pour opening.
  • the vent is opened at the hole 34 and then the continued application of pressure on the tape 24 will cause a fracture of the second exterior layer 20 at the area 28. Then the exterior layer 20 will be peeled with the exterior tape from the first coating 19 in the area of the adhesive bond to the layer 20 such that the tape may be easily removed from the exterior of the can end covering the pour opening. As the progressive peeling reaches the arcuate portion 17 of the pour opening the interior tape is fractured along the edge of the portion 17 and the bond between the adhesive 31 of the interior tape and the adhesive 26 of the exterior tape will cause the interior tape to continue to tear along the edges of the pour opening 15.
  • the exterior tape 24 is removed progressively from the can end by a delamination between the exterior second layer 20 and the first layer 19 on the can end.
  • the tongue 16 begins to fold and folds back across the container end 12. Since the tongue 16 is sandwiched between the interior and the exterior tapes and is adhered thereto through the coatings the tongue remains secured to the tapes and to the can end 22 at the edge of the pour opening but it is folded, and when folded, stays in its folded position to retain the tape in a position back from the pour opening as illustrated in Figures 3 and 5.
  • Figure 5 illustrates diagrammatically the fracture line of the exterior layer 20 and shows the exposed first exterior layer 19 and the separated and peeled portion of the exterior layer 20 remains adhered to the adhesive on the backing 25 of the exterior tape 24.
  • the line of the fracture can be noticed by moving a finger nail from the pour opening across the can end surface normal to the direction of the peeling of the tape. Since the separated layer 20 will not self-adhere back to the layer 19 the closure tape 24 cannot be returned to its initial position and adhere to the can end about the opening 15.
  • the present invention has a tape closure for a metal can end formed with a pour opening and coatings protecting it against corrosion and deterioration of the appearance of the can end in such a manner that the can end may be sealed during transportation and storage and easily opened by the user in a manner to afford a clean, adhesive-free, uncontaminated coating surrounding the pour opening from which the contents may be dispensed.
  • a generally circular steel can end 12 of 0.33 mm (0.013 inch) thick single reduced tin-free steel was formed with a generally U-shaped cut 15 to form a pour opening and a tongue 16.
  • the sheet steel forming the can end 12 was coated with an enamel, e.g. epoxy/phenolic resin such as Mobil S-9200-001, available from Mobil Chemical Company of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
  • the layer 19 had a film weight of 14.0 mg per 25.8 square cm (4 square inches) and was baked at 204°C (400°F) for 10 minutes.
  • Coated over the epoxy/phenolic layer 19 was a second layer, e.g. a clear vinyl coating such as Mobil S-4134-025, available from Mobil Chemical Company.
  • the layer 20 had a film weight of 18.0 mg per 25.9 square cm (4 square inches) and was baked for 10 minutes at a temperature of 179.4°C (355°F).
  • the exterior tape 24 comprising a polycarbonate film backing (for example "Merlon 700" resin from Mobay Corporation of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) having a thickness of about 5 mils (130 micrometers) and having a linear thermoplastic polyurethane adhesive, such as that designated “Te- xin 480F” (which is commercially available from Mobay Corporation) and "Estane 58277” (which is commercially available from B.F. Goodrich Company) coated thereon.
  • a particularly useful graft copolymer is formed by graft polymerizing acrylonitrile (73-77 parts by wt.) and methylmethacrylate (23-27 parts by wt.) in the presence of 8 to 10 parts by wt. of an acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer (70% by wt. derived from butadiene).
  • the specific adhesive 31 includes a thermoplastic polyurethane adhesive as described hereinabove.
  • the interior sheet material 29 comprises a composite plastic film in which one layer thereof serves as the backing member and the other layer thereof serves as the adhesive.
  • This particular composite film comprises a layer of polyethylene terephthalate (which serves as the backing member) and a layer of polyethylene terephthalate (50-90)/poly- ethyleneisophthalate (50-10)/copolymer (which serves as a heat-sealable adhesive).
  • the backing 25 of the exterior sheet material may be a flexible film selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate, polytetramethylene terephthalate (e.g., using "Valox 303" resin from General Electric Corporation), polyamide derived from 6.6 nylon (e.g., using "Zytel ST 81 OHS” resin from E. duPont de Nemours Co.), physical blends of polytetramethylene terephthalate/poly- ethylene, physical blends of polytetramethylene terephthalate/phenoxy, glycol modified polyethylene terephthalate (e.g.
  • the blank metal from which the can ends are formed might be coated with a different lacquer or enamel than the specific epoxy/phenolic resin or vinyl coatings mentioned above.
  • a different exterior enamel coating is an epoxy/ urea formaldehyde clear coat such as Mobil S-6265-034 (available from Mobil Chemical Company) which may be applied at a film weight of 13 to 14 milligrams per 25.8 square cm (4 square inches) or 0.5 to 0.54 mg/cm 2 and baked for 10 minutes at 204°C (400°F) onto the can end.
  • the bonding strength of the second layer to the first layer must be high but not exceed the bonding strength between the film backing 25 and its adhesive layer 26 or exceed the bond between the adhesive layer 26 and the exterior second layer 20 such that the peeling of the tape from the can end causes a delamination of the top layer 20 and the first layer 19 to permit removal of the exterior tape.
  • the container end assembly 40 comprises a container end or can end 42 formed of a metallic sheet material having a circular flange 44 and a pour opening 45 and a vent opening 46.
  • the can end 42 is formed of electro-tin plate steel (ETP) or tin-free steel (TFS) and is provided with an exterior protective layer 47.
  • the coating for use on the ETP can end is an epoxy/urea formaldehyde as designated by coating S-6265-034 of Mobil Chemical Company coated at 3.6 milligrams per 6.45 square cm (square inch) or 0.55 milligrams per cm squared and baked 10 minutes at 204°C (400°F).
  • layer 47 for the tin-free steel end 42 is an enamel layer identified as S-1325-016 available from Mobil Chemical Company, of Pitts- burg, Pennsylvania which is a vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copolymer, which is coated at 2.5 milligrams per 6.45 square cm (square inch) or 0.39 milligrams per centimeter squared and baked 10 minutes at 179.4°C (355°F).
  • the tape After fracturing the layer 47 the tape is removed from the can end 42 by continually rupturing the bond between layer 47 and the can end 42 since the adhesive bond between the tape and the layer 47 has greater peel strength than the bond between the layer 47 and the can end and the layer 47 has greater integrity than the bond between the layer 47 and the surface immediately beneath the layer 47.
  • a single layer of exterior tape may be applied to a can end over the pour opening 15 or 45 when the beverage is not carbonated or under pressure and will provide a suitable seal which is readily removable by peeling the exterior tape as hereinabove described.
  • the exterior tape in a single tape system may thus be detachable from the can end upon opening the closure system.

Landscapes

  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Package Frames And Binding Bands (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
  • Containers Opened By Tearing Frangible Portions (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
EP84300099A 1983-01-07 1984-01-06 Improved tape closure for a can end Expired EP0113698B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84300099T ATE26426T1 (de) 1983-01-07 1984-01-06 Dosendeckel mit aufgesiegelten verschlussstreifen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45856483A 1983-01-07 1983-01-07
US458564 1983-01-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0113698A1 EP0113698A1 (en) 1984-07-18
EP0113698B1 true EP0113698B1 (en) 1987-04-08

Family

ID=23821270

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84300099A Expired EP0113698B1 (en) 1983-01-07 1984-01-06 Improved tape closure for a can end

Country Status (14)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0113698B1 (da)
JP (1) JPS59163147A (da)
KR (1) KR840007086A (da)
AT (1) ATE26426T1 (da)
AU (1) AU2311284A (da)
BR (1) BR8400044A (da)
CA (1) CA1222703A (da)
DE (1) DE3463025D1 (da)
DK (1) DK2984A (da)
ES (2) ES285905Y (da)
IL (1) IL70631A (da)
NO (1) NO840026L (da)
NZ (1) NZ206765A (da)
ZA (1) ZA84138B (da)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4853267A (en) * 1984-02-09 1989-08-01 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Easy open closure system
US4537327A (en) * 1984-09-13 1985-08-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Tape closure for a can end
SE454685B (sv) * 1985-06-12 1988-05-24 Tetra Pak Ab Oppningsanordning for forpackningsbehallare
US4836507A (en) * 1987-08-10 1989-06-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Aramid staple and pulp prepared by spinning
SE515741C2 (sv) * 2000-02-11 2001-10-01 Emballator Ulricehamns Bleck A Täcklock för behållare samt behållaren

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3355059A (en) * 1964-05-13 1967-11-28 American Can Co Laminate with severable portion
US3671356A (en) * 1970-06-08 1972-06-20 Continental Can Co Method of forming a peelable seal between propylene polymer and a carboxylated polypropylene coated surface
US4029033A (en) * 1974-09-18 1977-06-14 The Continental Group, Inc. Convenience opening of containers for liquid products
US3990603A (en) * 1975-12-09 1976-11-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Easy open closure system
US4108330A (en) * 1977-06-08 1978-08-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Easy open container end assembly
US4215791A (en) * 1979-08-06 1980-08-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Easy open closure system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2311284A (en) 1984-07-12
ATE26426T1 (de) 1987-04-15
DK2984A (da) 1984-07-08
KR840007086A (ko) 1984-12-05
NZ206765A (en) 1986-08-08
ES285905U (es) 1986-03-01
IL70631A0 (en) 1984-04-30
ZA84138B (en) 1985-08-28
ES288904U (es) 1986-06-16
DE3463025D1 (en) 1987-05-14
CA1222703A (en) 1987-06-09
NO840026L (no) 1984-07-09
BR8400044A (pt) 1984-08-14
IL70631A (en) 1987-01-30
EP0113698A1 (en) 1984-07-18
DK2984D0 (da) 1984-01-04
ES288904Y (es) 1987-03-01
ES285905Y (es) 1986-10-16
JPS59163147A (ja) 1984-09-14

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