EP0113211A2 - Membranschalteranordnung für Kathodenstrahlröhre und deren Einbau - Google Patents

Membranschalteranordnung für Kathodenstrahlröhre und deren Einbau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0113211A2
EP0113211A2 EP83307522A EP83307522A EP0113211A2 EP 0113211 A2 EP0113211 A2 EP 0113211A2 EP 83307522 A EP83307522 A EP 83307522A EP 83307522 A EP83307522 A EP 83307522A EP 0113211 A2 EP0113211 A2 EP 0113211A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductors
assembly
switch
crt
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83307522A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0113211A3 (de
Inventor
Jacques Jacobus Hilhorst
Donald Gray Stillie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Corp
Original Assignee
AMP Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/452,642 external-priority patent/US4449023A/en
Priority claimed from US06/452,586 external-priority patent/US4427861A/en
Application filed by AMP Inc filed Critical AMP Inc
Publication of EP0113211A2 publication Critical patent/EP0113211A2/de
Publication of EP0113211A3 publication Critical patent/EP0113211A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/78—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites
    • H01H13/785—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites characterised by the material of the contacts, e.g. conductive polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H01H13/703—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by spacers between contact carrying layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2201/00—Contacts
    • H01H2201/022—Material
    • H01H2201/03—Composite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2203/00—Form of contacts
    • H01H2203/036—Form of contacts to solve particular problems
    • H01H2203/054—Form of contacts to solve particular problems for redundancy, e.g. several contact pairs in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2209/00—Layers
    • H01H2209/024—Properties of the substrate
    • H01H2209/038—Properties of the substrate transparent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2209/00—Layers
    • H01H2209/046—Properties of the spacer
    • H01H2209/06—Properties of the spacer transparent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2209/00—Layers
    • H01H2209/068—Properties of the membrane
    • H01H2209/082—Properties of the membrane transparent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2211/00—Spacers
    • H01H2211/006—Individual areas
    • H01H2211/01—Ink
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2211/00—Spacers
    • H01H2211/006—Individual areas
    • H01H2211/018—Individual areas on printed conductors only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2217/00—Facilitation of operation; Human engineering
    • H01H2217/004—Larger or different actuating area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2223/00—Casings
    • H01H2223/01—Mounting on appliance
    • H01H2223/026—Hook and loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2227/00—Dimensions; Characteristics
    • H01H2227/018—Printed contacts; Metal foil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2229/00—Manufacturing
    • H01H2229/014—Electro deposition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2231/00—Applications
    • H01H2231/004—CRT

Definitions

  • This invention relates to membrane switch assemblies of the type that are used on cathode ray tubes.
  • These assemblies are generally made from two layers of essentially transparent film, the internal surfaces of each layer having conductors deposited thereon, separated by a third layer of film containing openings for switch sites.
  • the conductors on the layers cross and are normally spaced from each other at the switch sites.
  • Membrane switches were initially developed for use in such items as calculators, computer keyboards, cash registers, games, and the like. In manufacturing these items, the membrane switches are essential to the operation of the device. Housings for the items had to be developed to encase the switches.
  • a membrane switch used on a CRT is an optional piece of equipment.
  • the CRT can be fully operational without the membrane switch.
  • the switch must be designed to fit an existing object. Mounting the switches to CRT's, therefore, presents unique problems.
  • Mounting is a particular problem with switches made from successive layers of essentially transparent film. It is essential that the film be held securely in place against the firm surface of the CRT. It is desirable that the means for mounting the switch not block any of the operable areas of the switch. Furthermore, the method of mounting should permit realignment of the switch should the switch become distorted during use and easy replacement should the switch become damaged.
  • membrane switches for CRT's have been profiled to the shape of a CRT.
  • the methods used for mounting these switches include the use of adhesive gaskets to adhere the switch to the face of the CRT and the use of brackets to surround a portion, or all, of the outer perimeter of the switch and a portion of the face of the CRT.
  • the disclosed invention solves the problems associated with mounting membrane switches on CRT's.
  • the means for mounting is comprised of a plurality of extensions of film along the perimeter of at least one layer of the film and a plurality of coupled fastening assemblies.
  • the assemblies are comprised of two separable parts, the inner surfaces of which have a very large number of closely spaced hooking elements of the hook and loop type that engage with each other when the two parts are pressed together.
  • One outer surface of the assembly is adhered to the film extensions and the second outer surface is fastened to the sides of the CRT.
  • the fastening assemblies hold the switch securely to the CRT without blocking any of the face of the CRT, and at the same time permit easy realignment if the film becomes distorted during use. Furthermore, the switch can be removed and replaced with a minimum of effort.
  • assemblies having wide conductive ink or electrodeposited traces are generally unacceptable.
  • the widths of the traces are visible to the naked eye.
  • Assemblies of the type having fineline conductors are generally more acceptable.
  • the conductors can be electrodeposited metal or deposits of conductive ink.
  • the invention disclosed herein solves the above problems by using essentially parallel double fineline conductors instead of single fineline conductors.
  • the double fineline conductors provide a larger area for applying pressure to complete the circuit and also provide for redundancy in the event a break should occur in a fineline conductor.
  • At each switch site there are four possible points of electrical contact.
  • the disclosed invention uses a polymer spacer that is deposited on both layers of film over the fineline conductors themselves, except for the switch sites.
  • Plating of electrodeposited conductors in membrane switches of this type is often desirable.
  • the polymer is a plating mask as well as a spacer. It is more economical to plate just the switch sites rather than the complete conductors. Having a spacer that also serves as a plating mask eliminates the need to apply and then remove a separate plating mask from the conductors.
  • the assembly is comprised of two layers of substantially transparent film having internal surfaces that are separated from each other by spacing means, the spacing means having openings therein constituting switch sites.
  • the internal surfaces of each layer have conductors thereon, the conductors crossing and being normally spaced from each other at the switch sites.
  • the mounting means is characterized in that a plurality of extensions protrude from the perimeter of at least one of the layers of film; a patch of a coupled fastening assembly is attached to each extension; and the fastening assembly is comprised of two separable parts, the inner surfaces of which have a very large number of closely spaced hooking elements of the hook and loop type that engage with each other when the two parts are pressed together, whereby when the switch assembly is aligned against the CRT, the extensions wrap around the perimeter of the CRT enabling the outer surfaces of the coupled fastening assemblies to be attached to one or more sides of the CRT.
  • a membrane switch assembly is comprised of two layers of substantially transparent film having internal surfaces that are separated from each other by spacing means, the spacing means having openings therein constituting switch sites.
  • the internal surfaces of each layer have fineline conductors thereon, the conductors crossing and being normally spaced from each other at the switch sites.
  • the internal surface of the second layer has a plurality of spaced-apart parallel double fineline conductors applied in a direction normal to the direction of the first layer conductors, the switch sites being created by the crossing double fineline conductors of the first and second circuit layers when they are assembled, thus giving four points of contact at each site.
  • the spacing means is comprised of an insulating ultraviolet curable polymer applied in parallel strips over the conductors, the spacer being discontinuous at the switch sites, whereby, as force is applied at the switch site to bring the two layers of conductors together, an electrical circuit can be completed at any one of the four contact points thus providing redundancy and insuring the completion of the electrical circuit even if the force has been applied at the periphery of the switch site.
  • membrane switch assembly 10 having mounting means 118 is intended for mounting on a CRT 68. These figures also illustrate the use of a filter 70 disposed over the external surface 72 of the assembly.
  • the mounting means 118 is comprised of extensions 114 which protrude from the outer perimeter 116 of the membrane switch assembly and coupled fastening assemblies 120 having two outer surfaces 122 and 124, the first outer surface 122 for attaching to extension 114 and the second outer surface 124 for attaching to the sides of the CRT.
  • the inner surfaces 126 and 128 have a very large number of closely spaced hooking elements of the hook and loop type that engage with each other when the two parts are pressed together.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view illustrating the mounting means 118, comprised of extension 114 and coupled fastening assembly 120 where surface 122 of the assembly 120 is adhered directly to the extension 114.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show an alternative embodiment of the mounting means 118.
  • extension 114 has an opening 130.
  • Surface 122 of the coupled fastening assembly 120 is mounted to the first side 134 of a snap-in plate 132.
  • the plate has a boss 138 extending from the opposite side 136. The boss 138 then snaps into the extension opening 130.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the use of the same type of mounting means as 118 for attaching the filter 70 to sides 142 of the CRT.
  • the extensions 146 on the filter 70 are offset from extensions 114 on the switch for purposes of mounting.
  • FIGS 6 and 7 illustrate an alternative embodiment of a membrane switch assembly 10' which is intended for mounting on a cathode ray tube 68.
  • This embodiment requires alternative mounting means such as a clamp around the edge of the CRT or other means to adhere the switch to the face of the CRT.
  • These figures also illustrate the use of filters 70, 70' disposed over the external surface 72, 72' of the membrane switch assembly 10, 10'.
  • the assembly 10 is comprised of two layers 12 and 16 of substantially transparent film, the internal surfaces 14 and 18 of layers 12 and 16 having a plurality of double fineline conductors 20 thereon, ,the conductors crossing and being normally spaced from each other at the switch sites 34, the layers 12 and 16 being separated from each other by polymer spacer 32, applied over the conductors, the spacer being discontinuous at switch sites 34.
  • the double conductors 20 as shown in Figures 8 and 10 have a first portion 22, an intermediate portion 24, and a second portion 26. Each conductor 20 is reversely bent in its intermediate portion 24 so that the first and second portions 24 and 26 of the conductor are spaced apart and essentially parallel to each other.
  • the conductors 20 are deposited on the internal surface 14 of the first layer 12 in a direction normal to the direction of the double conductors 20 deposited on the second layer 16. As is shown in Figure 12, the conductors 20 on the two layers 12 and 16 cross and are normally spaced apart at the switch points 34.
  • the polymer spacer 32 is applied over the double conductors 20.
  • the spacer 32 is discontinuous at the switch sites 34.
  • Figure 9 shows the polymer spacer pattern 36 deposited on the first layer 12.
  • Figure 11 shows the polymer spacer pattern 38 deposited on the second layer 16.
  • Figure 9 also illustrates the isolated cross-shaped deposit 40 of polymer spacer deposited at the center 42 of the switch sites 34. This cross-shaped deposit can be made on either layer 12 or 16 of the film.
  • Figure 13 illustrates the pattern 44 of the polymer spacer in the completed membrane switch assembly.
  • Figure 14 is a fractional view of a portion of the membrane switch assembly 10.
  • the lower layer conductors 46 are represented by a solid line and the upper layer conductors 50 are represented by broken lines.
  • the lower layer polymer spacer 48 and the cross-shaped center spacer 40 are stippled, while the upper layer polymer spacer 52 is represented by broken lines.
  • the spacer 32 is not deposited over the conductors in the switch site areas 34.
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 16-16 of Figure 15.
  • the upper layer 64 of film is separated from the lower layer 66 of film by the upper spacer 48, the cross-shaped center spacer 40.
  • the upper and lower layer conductors cross at locations 58 and 60.
  • the mounting means are intended for use with membrane switches comprised of two layers of film having conductors deposited on their internal surfaces, the internal surfaces being separated by an insulating spacer containing openings for switch sites.
  • Various spacing means can be used, including a third layer of film or deposits of polymer applied over the traces.
  • extensions of film were profiled on both layers of film having conductors thereon. In practicing the invention, however, it is only necessary that at least one layer of film have extensions protruding therefrom.
  • the extensions should be of sufficient length to wrap around the perimeter of the CRT and be mounted on the tension band of the CRT.
  • Coupled fastening assemblies were adhered to the extensions after the switch had been formed and assembled.
  • fastening assemblies having a pressure sensitive adhesive backing protected by release liners were used. Assemblies without the adhesive backing and a separate adhesive can also be used.
  • Fastening assemblies of the type used are available from Velcro, USA, Inc., New York, New York 10022, and from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co., St. Paul, Minnesota 55101.
  • the CRT In mounting the switches to a CRT, the CRT is removed from the housing.
  • the switch is aligned in its proper place, release liner is removed from the second side of the fastening assembly, and the assembly is adhered to the side of the CRT.
  • the film extensions being thin do not interfere when the housing is replaced.
  • the switch can be removed from the CRT, if necessary, by separating the individual coupled fastening assemblies. Furthermore, this invention permits easy realignment of the switch should the film stretch after prolonged use owing to the heat generated by the CRT, no longer lying flat against the CRT.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative embodiment of the mounting means is shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • This embodiment permits the customer to snap in the fastener at the time the switch is ready for mounting on a CRT.
  • Use of this embodiment eliminates bulk at the outer edges of the membrane switches, thus enabling the switches to be packaged closer together during shipping.
  • the double fineline, essentially parallel conductors can be electrodeposited metal such as copper or can be lines of conductive ink. Methods to deposit the conductors are known in the art.
  • the conductors are deposited as double finelines in order to provide for redundancy at the switch sites. Redundancy is a desirable feature to ensure that electrical contact will still be made at the site in the event force is applied at the outside edge of the switch site rather than the center of the site. Redundancy is also a desirable feature to ensure that electrical contact will be made in the event there is a break somewhere in one of the lines.
  • the lines of the double fineline conductors are approximately .013 cm wide, but other width lines may also be used.
  • the distances between the two lines of each conductor and the adjacent conductors varies according to the number and size of switch sites.
  • the switch sites need to be sufficiently spaced apart so that when force is applied to the site, the circuit is completed only at the desired site.
  • the size and curvature of the cathode ray tube presents problems of parallax.
  • the switch site must be of sufficient size to permit actuation even when the force is not applied in a direction normal to the site.
  • the distance between the lines of a double conductor also determines whether an isolated spacer is needed at the center of the switch site to prevent sagging of the upper film layer and accidental completion of the electrical circuit. For example, with membrane switch assemblies having parallel lines of each double conductor 0 . 5 cm apart, a center spacer was also required to keep the first and second film layers separate.
  • an ultraviolet curable polymer was applied parallel to and over the traces, except at the switch sites.
  • the polymer may be applied using a variety of methods including silkscreening and transfer printing. This polymer is the spacer which keeps the two layers separated until force is applied to complete a circuit.
  • An isolated deposit may be applied to one layer at the center of the switch site.
  • a number of polymers can be used for this purpose.
  • the polymer used should meet the following criteria.
  • the cured polymer should be essentially optically dear.
  • the means of curing the polymer must be one that will not adversely effect the performance of the switch. It should also be sag resistant and stable at the temperature of the operating cathode ray tube and the temperature required for manufacturing the assembly.
  • the polymer When electrodeposited conductors are used, the polymer can be used as a mask for plating. If additional plating is desired, use of the polymer spacer according to the disclosed invention minimizes the amount of precious metal needed and thereby reduces the cost of the assembly. Gold, silver and palladium can all be used.
  • the double fineline conductors being only .013 cm or less wide are nearly invisible when the assembly is mounted on a cathode ray tube.
  • filters can be profiled and mounted in the same manner as the switch.
  • the extensions on the filter are offset from those of the switch for ease in mounting. This permits easy replacement of filters should they become scratched or otherwise unusable.
EP83307522A 1982-12-23 1983-12-09 Membranschalteranordnung für Kathodenstrahlröhre und deren Einbau Withdrawn EP0113211A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US452586 1974-03-19
US06/452,642 US4449023A (en) 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Transparent switch having fine line conductors
US06/452,586 US4427861A (en) 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Means for mounting membrane switches to cathode ray tubes
US452642 1982-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0113211A2 true EP0113211A2 (de) 1984-07-11
EP0113211A3 EP0113211A3 (de) 1986-05-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83307522A Withdrawn EP0113211A3 (de) 1982-12-23 1983-12-09 Membranschalteranordnung für Kathodenstrahlröhre und deren Einbau

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EP (1) EP0113211A3 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0135333A2 (de) * 1983-08-19 1985-03-27 AMP INCORPORATED (a New Jersey corporation) Sphärisch geformte Schalteranordnung und Vorrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Formung
GB2177260A (en) * 1985-06-11 1987-01-14 Shinetsu Polymer Co Touch-operated see-through coordinate input unit
DE3714535A1 (de) * 1986-05-02 1987-12-10 Fluke Mfg Co John Modulare, beruehrungsempfindliche dateneinrichtung
DE4238259A1 (de) * 1992-11-12 1994-05-19 Kaltenbach & Voigt Bedienungsteil für ein Gerät zur medizinischen Behandlung des menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3471903A (en) * 1967-10-24 1969-10-14 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Stud-backed fasteners
US4066852A (en) * 1976-11-22 1978-01-03 Control Data Corporation Membrane-type touch panel employing a photo-resist insulating grid anti-short means

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3471903A (en) * 1967-10-24 1969-10-14 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Stud-backed fasteners
US4066852A (en) * 1976-11-22 1978-01-03 Control Data Corporation Membrane-type touch panel employing a photo-resist insulating grid anti-short means

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0135333A2 (de) * 1983-08-19 1985-03-27 AMP INCORPORATED (a New Jersey corporation) Sphärisch geformte Schalteranordnung und Vorrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Formung
EP0135333A3 (de) * 1983-08-19 1986-04-09 AMP INCORPORATED (a New Jersey corporation) Sphärisch geformte Schalteranordnung und Vorrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Formung
GB2177260A (en) * 1985-06-11 1987-01-14 Shinetsu Polymer Co Touch-operated see-through coordinate input unit
DE3619035A1 (de) * 1985-06-11 1987-01-22 Shinetsu Polymer Co Durch beruehrung zu betaetigende durchsichtige eingabeeinrichtung zum betrieb in verbindung mit einer anzeigeeinrichtung
DE3714535A1 (de) * 1986-05-02 1987-12-10 Fluke Mfg Co John Modulare, beruehrungsempfindliche dateneinrichtung
DE3714535C2 (de) * 1986-05-02 1995-03-30 Fluke Mfg Co John Berührungsempfindliche Dateneingabeeinrichtung
DE4238259A1 (de) * 1992-11-12 1994-05-19 Kaltenbach & Voigt Bedienungsteil für ein Gerät zur medizinischen Behandlung des menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers

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Publication number Publication date
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