EP0112271B1 - Articulated vessel - Google Patents

Articulated vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0112271B1
EP0112271B1 EP83710079A EP83710079A EP0112271B1 EP 0112271 B1 EP0112271 B1 EP 0112271B1 EP 83710079 A EP83710079 A EP 83710079A EP 83710079 A EP83710079 A EP 83710079A EP 0112271 B1 EP0112271 B1 EP 0112271B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle according
units
articulated vehicle
articulated
frame parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83710079A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0112271A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Chemie-Ing. Lehmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
A P E C Freizeitanlagen GmbH
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A P E C Freizeitanlagen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19823242401 external-priority patent/DE3242401A1/en
Priority claimed from DE3336563A external-priority patent/DE3336563A1/en
Application filed by A P E C Freizeitanlagen GmbH filed Critical A P E C Freizeitanlagen GmbH
Priority to AT83710079T priority Critical patent/ATE44696T1/en
Publication of EP0112271A1 publication Critical patent/EP0112271A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0112271B1 publication Critical patent/EP0112271B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B7/00Collapsible, foldable, inflatable or like vessels
    • B63B7/06Collapsible, foldable, inflatable or like vessels having parts of non-rigid material
    • B63B7/08Inflatable
    • B63B7/082Inflatable having parts of rigid material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a articulated vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the articulated vehicle is primarily designed as a floatable articulated vehicle, that is to say as a articulated boat.
  • a articulated vehicle is known from GB-A 1 096 359.
  • the hull In known boats, the hull is designed as an essentially rigid body, which follows the movements caused by the movements of the water as a whole, without deforming significantly. In cases where the carrying water has a very uneven surface and / or has a steep gradient and / or has a very limited extent perpendicular to the direction of travel, a boat with a rigid hull proves to be very bulky and less maneuverable, and the hull is partially exposed to high mechanical loads, for example because large parts of the boat sometimes protrude from the water.
  • An example in which such water conditions exist is white water rivers or streams, as well as corresponding artificial white water rides in amusement parks.
  • a floatable articulated vehicle which consists of individual members which can be bent against one another via swivel joints with horizontal axes.
  • the individual links consist of floating boxes with a bottom that can accommodate a payload.
  • Each articulated link consists of two differently constructed, interlocking mechanical engineering structures, each of which is arranged at one end of a vehicle link. In each case adjacent vehicle links are coupled together to form an articulated link by means of pins, so that the links, apart from their mutual rotatability about the horizontal axis of the articulated link, together form a rigidly connected unit.
  • the known articulated vehicle is a large ship for the transport of goods.
  • a device that is primarily intended for driving on snow and is intended to learn how to ski.
  • the device consists of an egg-shaped inflatable body which is connected to a bar shaped essentially like a ski.
  • the egg-shaped body is firmly connected to the ski bar.
  • the inflatable body is shaped so that a person can sit on it in the riding position and consists of several elements with different inflation pressures, so that folding zones form the joint-like areas.
  • the device does not have its own stability.
  • the device can also be used for driving on water, whereby it is used like a water ski.
  • an inflatable boat which consists of a plurality of frame-shaped tubular members abutting one another, all of which are inserted into a common outer skin made of a suitable fabric.
  • adjacent hose members are connected to one another by banding the adjacent hose member sections of both hose members. Despite this connection, there is a certain, relatively low mutual mobility between the adjacent hose members.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a articulated vehicle of the type mentioned, which is particularly suitable for navigating artificial whitewater rivers, which allows bending in the direction of travel of adjacent members in any degree of freedom and which is simple in its construction.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show the basic structure of a link vehicle according to the invention, in which the entire hull consists of a circumferential frame open in the vertical direction.
  • the frame parts attributable to the individual links 1 to 4 are designed as floating bodies, the cross section of which can have any shape, for example circular or rectangular.
  • the bow member 1 and the rear member 1 each consist of a single frame part 11 and 11 d bent by 180 °. Instead of this single frame part, these links 1 and 4 can of course be made up of different rigidly connected frame parts. It is also not necessary for all frame parts to be designed as floating bodies.
  • articulated links 13 The lateral frame parts of adjacent links are connected to one another via articulated links 13. These articulated links are arranged as elastically deformable intermediate pieces between the relatively rigid frame parts 11.
  • the frame parts belonging to a link can be connected to one another by transverse connectors 18, 19, 20 running perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the boat.
  • These cross connectors can consist of a simple rod, such as the cross connectors designated 18, or they can also be designed as floating bodies, such as the cross connectors labeled 19.
  • the cross connectors clearly define the width of the boat.
  • the cross connectors are preferably at the ends in the longitudinal direction of the links, so that the individual links form a subframe with the largest possible opening area 23.
  • a common cross connector can also be used, which extends from one articulated link to the opposite one.
  • This cross connector common to two links can also be designed as a floating body, as is shown on the cross connector 20 in FIG.
  • the partial frames of the individual links thus represent essentially rigid bodies in FIGS. 1 and 2, which can be bent as desired in relation to one another.
  • Rigid, downwardly closed baskets from which the payload of the boat is received, can preferably be inserted into the passage surfaces 23 of these subframes. These can be baskets for people.
  • the baskets are then preferably provided with benches, as is explained in more detail in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the depth of these baskets can be such that they are immersed in the water and contribute to the overall buoyancy of the boat.
  • the baskets are supported on the frame parts 11 and / or the cross connectors. If there are no cross connectors between the frame parts 11a to 11f, the baskets used can also be attached to the frame parts in such a way that the width of the boat is precisely determined by the baskets.
  • the articulated members 13 for example, foams with closed pores come into consideration, which are accommodated in flexible, waterproof casings.
  • the articulated members can also consist of inflatable chambers, the pressure of the gas enclosed in these chambers, normally air, being so dimensioned that these chambers are considerably softer and easier to deform than the essentially rigid frame parts. These chambers then form so-called air hinges.
  • the boat hull shown in Fig. 4 in plan view consists of three links 1, 2, 3.
  • the frame parts 31 a to 31 d are designed as inflatable tubes, the two end frame parts 31 a and 31 c bent by 180 ° expediently into individual sections by bulkhead walls 32 are divided.
  • the articulated members 33a to 33d are also designed as inflatable chambers, and the same applies to the cross connectors 34 and 35.
  • the inflatable chambers forming the articulated members are provided with connecting pieces 36a to 36d provided for the cross connector.
  • the entire space delimited by the bulkhead walls 32a, 32b, 32c represents a single chamber.
  • Baskets 41-43 can be inserted into the partial frame opening formed by each link, which are shown in FIG. 3 and can be seen particularly well in the cross section according to FIG. 5.
  • the baskets lie on four sides on the longitudinal and transverse hoses and can be attached to the spar trimmings using rope ropes.
  • the bottom 53 of the baskets lies somewhat higher than the lower limit 54 of the hoses in order to avoid the baskets from touching the ground.
  • they also dive into water 55 and thus contribute to the buoyancy of the boat.
  • a grating 45 is arranged slightly above the bottom of the baskets, under which splash and rain water collects. Benches 44 are installed or can be used in the baskets.
  • Protective and rubbing strips 46 are arranged on the outer sides and on the underside of the longitudinal hoses.
  • the baskets are provided with a bulwark 47, which is pulled up at the two end baskets towards the ends to protect against splashing water and which expediently do not protrude horizontally over the hose in order to avoid hitting the bank walls when the boat is used in white water channels .
  • the air chambers 33a to 33d which form the articulated members (air joints), are only inflated with a relatively low pressure, they are very soft and easily deformable.
  • the other hose parts act as practically rigid bodies, so that the limbs of the boat can bend against one another via the joint chambers around axes which run essentially transversely through the joint chambers.
  • the joint chambers can easily bend against each other about vertical axes. To a certain extent, they can also be displaced parallel to one another perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boat.
  • the walls of the boat belonging to the articulated chambers are preferably produced from more flexible and crushable material than the other frame parts and cross connectors, which are also constructed as hose parts.
  • the boat shown in Figures 3 and 4 has a length of about 5 to 6 m and is designed for 6 people. It is understood that by adding additional links, the boat can be built significantly longer and for significantly more people.
  • the surfaces 51 of the baskets which are immersed in the water and which run in the longitudinal direction of the boat ensure that the boat is pressed into the place of the water flow (usually the middle of the channel) in which the greatest flow speed prevails.
  • the surfaces 52 of the baskets which are immersed in the water and run perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the boat ensure that the longitudinal axis of the boat is in the direction of flow. This prevents the boat from crossing. This promotes a fast operation on commercial wild water rides.
  • the boat consists of two long, flexible (elastically deformable) floating bodies 61 arranged essentially in parallel, which are preferably designed as air hoses. These hoses are embedded in corresponding receiving openings of a rigid front part 62 and a rigid rear part 63 and are firmly connected to these parts.
  • rigid baskets can be inserted one after the other, which are placed on the floating bodies 61 and releasably attached to them. The attachment can take place, for example, with expanders 65, which comprise the floating body 61.
  • the individual members of the boat are formed by the baskets with the associated parts of the float 61.
  • the bow part 62 and the rear part 63 each represent a link. Thanks to the flexibility of the floating bodies, the links can bend towards each other and / or shift parallel to one another. The degree of bendability and mutual displaceability can be adjusted on the one hand by the degree of flexibility of the floating bodies and the distance between two adjacent baskets or basket and bow or rear part 62, 63. Benches 67 are again arranged in the baskets, as indicated in one of the baskets in FIG. 6 and can be seen better in the enlarged cross-sectional view according to FIG. 8. The basket shown in Fig. 8 is formed on the sides so that it encompasses the floating bodies 61 from three sides with a tolerance that is appropriate for mounting. An elastic rope 65 (expander) is then stretched over the downwardly open side.
  • the baskets 64 as well as the front part 62 and the rear part 63 are provided with protection and rubbing strips 66 both laterally and downwards.
  • the boat of FIGS. 6 to 8 is special. suitable for so-called shooting rides in artificial waterways. It is guided in a channel in which the boat is supported with the protective and rubbing strips shown.
  • Floatable articulated vehicles that is articulated boats, have been described above. It often happens with artificial wild water serbahnen, especially in the case of weft tracks, that the leading channel does not always carry enough water to keep the vehicle floating. Finally, closed rail systems are also conceivable that carry no water at all or only a small amount of water, which is used practically only for lubrication.
  • all or part of the articulations of the vehicle are provided on their underside with sliding surfaces with which the vehicle can be placed on a solid base, in which it is usually the bottom of a fairway or train leading the vehicle.
  • the areas of the links with which the link is supported when it is placed on the track are referred to as “bottom of the links”.
  • these areas also include obliquely extending areas of the links. Since the rigid sliding surfaces are individually provided for each link, the links can be bent and moved relative to one another.
  • the sliding surfaces can be designed in such a way that the underside of the baskets projecting downward is covered over a large area with lubricious material. Another possibility is to attach runners to these baskets or the frame parts, which in turn are covered with slidable material or consist massively of such material.
  • sliding surfaces can also be provided on the outer sides of the links, with which the vehicle is supported against a side wall of the leading channel when striking or resting.
  • the frame parts and / or the cross connectors can also be designed as floating bodies, so that the vehicle is also buoyant.
  • This amphibious embodiment has the advantage that the vehicle can be caught in a pool of water at the lower end of the track.
  • the frame parts and / or cross connectors from non-buoyant material, for. B. from simple spars or profile beams. Also, if immersion in water is not provided, the baskets need not be closed at the bottom.
  • the material of the sliding surfaces must be such that it has the lowest possible coefficient of friction on the material of the leading track.
  • special plastics come into consideration, e.g. B. Hostalen under the trade name «GUR».
  • the leading path forming the base can, for. B. made of steel or plastic.
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 show, in the same representation as FIGS. 3 to 5, a floatable articulated vehicle which differs from that of FIGS. 3 to 5 in that it is also on a solid base can be put on and is able to slide well on it.
  • the individual links 1-3 of the vehicle are provided with sliding surfaces, specifically with runners 73, 74 which run in the longitudinal direction of the links and which are attached to the flat underside of the baskets 41 to 43.
  • the surfaces of the runners touching the bottom of the channel 80 are covered with a highly slidable material 75, which is chosen so that the coefficient of friction with the material of the channel 80 is very small.
  • runners 76 with a slidable covering 75 are also attached to the frame parts, as is indicated in FIG. 11 for the frame part 31 b. Since the articulated vehicle can also strike the side walls 80a, 80b of the gutter when it is traveling through the gutter, in particular in curves, the limbs can also be provided with sliding surfaces on the sides. This sliding surface can be attached directly to the frame part, as is shown for the frame part 31 b in FIG. 11, where a runner 77 with slidable material 75 is arranged laterally on the frame part. These runners 77 with sliding surfaces are also shown for all six frame parts in FIG. 10.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 show a similar articulated vehicle to that of FIGS. 6 to 8, the same reference numerals being used again for corresponding parts.
  • the way in which FIGS. 12 to 14 are represented also corresponds to that in FIGS. 6 to 8.
  • the bottom surfaces of the baskets 41 to 43a are covered with a highly slidable material 75.
  • front and rear frame parts 62, 61 front part and rear part.
  • the parts of the baskets or the individual links which protrude the most to the side can be covered with highly slidable material 75, as can be seen in FIGS. 13 and 14.
  • the two non-rigid frame parts 61 can also consist, for example, of non-floatable solid rubber rods instead of as floating bodies.
  • runners can be provided on the baskets, which in turn are coated with sliding material, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11.
  • directly lubricious material can be applied to the surfaces of the baskets instead of the runners.
  • the basket must be extended so far down that its lower interface is lower than that of the frame parts.
  • the runners or the immediately applied lubricious material can extend over the full length of the limbs in the direction of travel or over part of this length. It must always be ensured that optimal relationships are created between the overall friction on the one hand and the contact pressure on the leading channel on the other.
  • the slidable surfaces touching the bottom or the side walls of the channel are drawn obliquely upwards on their front edge in the direction of travel, as is indicated, for example, by a in FIG. 9 or by b in FIG. 12.
  • FIG 15 shows in the same representation as Figure 14, an embodiment according to the invention with a different design of the sliding surfaces.
  • the sliding surface 101 here consists of a band running perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, which extends over the entire outer circumference (with the exception of the opening upwards) of the link.
  • the band is guided on an arch which is adapted to the arch 103 of the leading channel 80.
  • the band can either be designed as a self-supporting body or it must be provided with a support structure in the region of the transition zone 102.
  • the tape is made of highly slidable material or is covered with such material 75 on the outside.
  • the band can also be designed such that it only extends over the transition zones 102. In the longitudinal direction of the link, the band can extend over the entire length of the link or consist of several bands arranged at a distance from one another.
  • the lubricious material can be applied to the surfaces supporting it in any way.
  • screws, gluing or welding are possible.
  • the slidable surfaces can be provided with scales or grooves which, on the one hand, can have the purpose of preventing the vehicles from sliding backwards and / or, on the other hand, can be such that, in the presence of a water film in the leading groove, this water is more easily between the sliding surface and the groove bottom can build up a sliding film.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gliederfahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1. Das Gliederfahrzeug ist vor allem als schwimmfähiges Gliederfahrzeug, also als Gliederboot, ausgebildet. Ein solches Gliederfahrzeug ist bekannt aus der GB-A 1 096 359.The invention relates to a articulated vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1. The articulated vehicle is primarily designed as a floatable articulated vehicle, that is to say as a articulated boat. Such a articulated vehicle is known from GB-A 1 096 359.

. Bei bekannten Booten ist der Bootskörper als ein im wesentlichen starrer Körper ausgebildet, der den durch die Bewegungen des Wassers bedingten Bewegungen als Ganzes folgt, ohne sich hierbei nennenswert zu verformen. In Fällen, in denen das tragende Wasser eine stark unebene Oberfläche hat und/oder ein starkes Gefälle aufweist und/oder senkrecht zur Fahrtrichtung eine stark begrenzte Ausdehnung hat, erweist sich ein Boot mit starrem Bootskörper als sehr sperrig und wenig manövrierfähig, und der Bootskörper ist partiell starken mechanischen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt, da beispielsweise zeitweilig große Teile des Bootes aus dem Wasser herausragen. Ein Beispiel, bei dem solche Wasserverhältnisse vorliegen, sind Wildwasserflüsse oder -bäche, sowie entsprechende künstlich angelegte Wildwasserbahnen in Freizeitparks.. In known boats, the hull is designed as an essentially rigid body, which follows the movements caused by the movements of the water as a whole, without deforming significantly. In cases where the carrying water has a very uneven surface and / or has a steep gradient and / or has a very limited extent perpendicular to the direction of travel, a boat with a rigid hull proves to be very bulky and less maneuverable, and the hull is partially exposed to high mechanical loads, for example because large parts of the boat sometimes protrude from the water. An example in which such water conditions exist is white water rivers or streams, as well as corresponding artificial white water rides in amusement parks.

In den zuletzt genannten Wildwasserbahnen in Freizeitparks werden ungesteuerte Boote verwendet, die ohne eigenen Antrieb die Wildwasserbahn heruntertreiben. Die hierfür verwendeten Boote sind Rundboote, also in Form eines Kreises gebaute Boote, wobei der Schwimmkörper im wesentlichen aus einem kreisrunden aufgeblasenen Schlauch besteht. Der Boden dieser Boote ist eben. Solche Rundboote haben eine sehr schlechte laterale Schwerpunktslage. Das Boot stellt sich leicht schräg, wobei die tiefer liegende Seite dann leicht unter das Wasser gedrückt wird. Außerdem werden diese Boote leicht aus der zentralen Rinne der Wildwasserbahn, in -der die größte Strömungsgeschwindigkeit herrscht, heraus und gegen das Ufer gedrück, wo die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit geringer ist. Ähnliche Probleme bestehen bei sogenannten Schußbooten, die innerhalb einer künstlich angelegten Wasserbahn von einer relativ großen Höhe mit großer Steigung im Schuß herabfahren. Diese Schußboote haben in der Regel eine schlankere Form (größere Länge) als die vorerwähnten Boote für Wildwasserbahnen. Sie reagieren empfindlich gegen Unebenheiten der führenden Bahn.In the last-mentioned wild water rides in amusement parks, uncontrolled boats are used that drive the wild water rink down without their own drive. The boats used for this are round boats, ie boats built in the form of a circle, the floating body essentially consisting of a circular inflated tube. The bottom of these boats is flat. Such round boats have a very poor lateral center of gravity. The boat is slightly inclined, with the lower side then being pushed slightly under the water. In addition, these boats are easily pushed out of the central channel of the whitewater runway, where the highest flow speed is, and against the shore, where the flow speed is lower. Similar problems exist with so-called shot boats, which descend from a relatively high height with a large incline in the shot within an artificial waterway. These shot boats usually have a slimmer shape (longer length) than the aforementioned boats for wild water rides. They are sensitive to bumps in the leading track.

Bei dem Betrieb von Booten der vorgenannten Art in künstlichen Wasserbahnen muß stets dafür gesorgt werden, daß die Wasserbahnen eine ausreichende Wassermenge führen, damit das Boot schwimmen kann. Dies ist insbesondere bei Wasserbahnen mit Schußabfahrtsstrecken schwierig zu verwirklichen, da hier das Gefälle der Wasserbahn sehr groß ist. Ein Aufsetzen der Boote auf den Boden der wasserführenden Bahn ist dabei häufig nicht zu vermeiden, was zu Beschädigungen von Bahn und Boot führt und die Geschwindigkeit des Bootes in unerwünschter Weise herabsetzt.When operating boats of the aforementioned type in artificial waterways, it must always be ensured that the waterways carry a sufficient amount of water so that the boat can swim. This is particularly difficult to achieve with water rides with shooting downhill stretches, since the gradient of the water rink is very large here. It is often unavoidable that the boats are placed on the bottom of the water-carrying track, which leads to damage to the track and boat and undesirably reduces the speed of the boat.

Aus der GB-A-1 096 359 ist ein schwimmfähiges Gliederfahrzeug bekannt, welches aus einzelnen Gliedern besteht, die über Drehgelenke mit horizontalen Achsen gegeneinander abknickbar sind. Die einzelnen Glieder bestehen aus schwimmfähigen mit einem Boden versehenen Kästen, die eine Nutzlast aufnehmen können. Jedes Knickglied besteht aus zwei unterschiedlich aufgebauten, ineinanderpassenden Maschinenbau-Konstruktionen, von denen jede an je einem Ende eines Fahrzeuggliedes angeordnet ist. Jeweils benachbarte Fahrzeugglieder werden über diese beiden Konstruktionen mittels Stifte zu einem Knickglied zusammengekoppelt, so daß die Glieder, abgesehen von ihrer gegenseitigen Drehbarkeit um die horizontale Achse des Knickglieds, zusammen eine starr miteinander verbundene Einheit bilden. Bei dem bekannten Gliederfahrzeug handelt es sich um große Schiffe für den Transport von Gütern.From GB-A-1 096 359 a floatable articulated vehicle is known which consists of individual members which can be bent against one another via swivel joints with horizontal axes. The individual links consist of floating boxes with a bottom that can accommodate a payload. Each articulated link consists of two differently constructed, interlocking mechanical engineering structures, each of which is arranged at one end of a vehicle link. In each case adjacent vehicle links are coupled together to form an articulated link by means of pins, so that the links, apart from their mutual rotatability about the horizontal axis of the articulated link, together form a rigidly connected unit. The known articulated vehicle is a large ship for the transport of goods.

Aus der FR-E-96 260 in Verbindung mit der FR-A=1 595 533 (Hauptpatent zur erstgenannten Druckschrift) ist ein Gerät bekannt, daß vor allem zum Befahren von Schnee gedacht ist und zum Erlernen des Skilaufens dienen soll. Das Gerät besteht aus einem eiförmigen aufblasbaren Körper, der mit einer im wesentlichen wie ein Ski geformten Leiste verbunden ist. Der eiförmige Körper ist dabei hochkant fest an die Skileiste angeschlossen. Der aufblasbare Körper ist so geformt, daß ein Mensch auf ihm in Reitstellung sitzen kann und besteht aus mehreren Elementen mit unterschiedlichen Aufblasdrücken, sodaß Faltzonen entstehen die gelenkartige Bereiche bilden. Das Gerät hat - wie ein Fahhrad - keine eigene Standstabilität. Das Gerät kann auch zum Befahren von Wasser eingesetzt werden, wobei es nach Art eines Wasserskis verwendet wird.From FR-E-96 260 in connection with FR-A = 1 595 533 (main patent for the first-mentioned publication) a device is known that is primarily intended for driving on snow and is intended to learn how to ski. The device consists of an egg-shaped inflatable body which is connected to a bar shaped essentially like a ski. The egg-shaped body is firmly connected to the ski bar. The inflatable body is shaped so that a person can sit on it in the riding position and consists of several elements with different inflation pressures, so that folding zones form the joint-like areas. Like a bike, the device does not have its own stability. The device can also be used for driving on water, whereby it is used like a water ski.

Es ist aus der FR-E-96595 ein Schlauchboot bekannt, das aus mehreren aneinander anliegenden rahmenförmigen Schlauchgliedem besteht, die alle in eine gemeinsame Außenhaut aus einem geeigneten Gewebe gesteckt sind. In Längsrichtung des Bootes benachbarte Schlauchglieder sind durch Umbandelung der nebeneinander liegenden Schlauchgliederabschnitte beider Schlauchglieder miteinander verbunden. Trotz dieser Verbindung besteht eine gewisse, relativ geringe gegenseitige Beweglichkeit zwischen den aneinanderliegenden Schlauchgliedem.From FR-E-96595, an inflatable boat is known which consists of a plurality of frame-shaped tubular members abutting one another, all of which are inserted into a common outer skin made of a suitable fabric. In the longitudinal direction of the boat, adjacent hose members are connected to one another by banding the adjacent hose member sections of both hose members. Despite this connection, there is a certain, relatively low mutual mobility between the adjacent hose members.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Gliederfahrzeug der eingangs genannten Art zu entwickeln, das insbesondere zum Befahren von künstlichen Wildwasserbahnen geeignet ist, das eine Abknickung in Fahrtrichtung benachbarter Glieder in beliebiger Freiheitsgraden gestattet und das in seinem Aufbau einfach ist.The invention has for its object to develop a articulated vehicle of the type mentioned, which is particularly suitable for navigating artificial whitewater rivers, which allows bending in the direction of travel of adjacent members in any degree of freedom and which is simple in its construction.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Gliederfahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 vorgeschlagen, welches erfindungsgemäß die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 genannten Merkmale hat..To solve this problem, a link vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 is proposed, which according to the invention has the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen genannt.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are mentioned in the further claims.

Anhand der in den Figuren gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 das Prinzip eines schwimmfähigen Gliederfahrzeuges (Gliederbotes) gemäß der Erfindung in Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 2 das Gliederfahrzeug aus Figur 1 in Draufsicht.
  • Fig. 3 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Gliederbootes gemäß der Erfindung in seitlicher Ansicht mit eingesetzten Körben,
  • Fig. 4 das Gliederboot gemäß Fig. 3 in Draufsicht ohne Körbe,
  • Fig. 5 einen Schnitt durch das Gliederboot gemäß Fig. 4 längs der Linie A-A im vergrößerten Maßstab,
  • Fig. 6 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Gliederbootes gemäß der Erfindung in seitlicher Darstellung,
  • Fig. 7 das Gliederboot gemäß Fig. 8 in Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 8 einen Querschnitt durch das Gliederboot gemäß Fig. 7 längs der Linie B-B in Figur 7 in vergrößertem Maßstab,
  • Fig. 9 bis 11 ein schwimmfähiges Gliederfahrzeug nach Art der Figuren 3 bis 5 und in entsprechender Darstellung, welches auf einer festen Unterlage zu gleiten vermag,
  • Fig. 12 bis 14 ein schwimmfähiges oder nicht schwimmfähiges Gliederfahrzeug nach Art der
  • Figuren 6 bis 8 und in entsprechender Darstellung, welches auf einer festen Unterlage zu gleiten vermag,
  • Fig. 15 eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß Fig. 14 mit einer anderen Ausführungsform für die Anbringung der Gleitflächen.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. Show it
  • 1 shows the principle of a floatable articulated vehicle (articulated messenger) according to the invention in side view,
  • Fig. 2, the articulated vehicle from Figure 1 in plan view.
  • 3 shows another embodiment of a articulated boat according to the invention in a side view with inserted baskets,
  • 4 is a top view of the articulated boat according to FIG. 3 without baskets,
  • 5 shows a section through the articulated boat according to FIG. 4 along the line AA on an enlarged scale,
  • 6 shows another embodiment of a articulated boat according to the invention in a side view,
  • 7 is a top view of the articulated boat according to FIG. 8,
  • 8 shows a cross section through the articulated boat according to FIG. 7 along the line BB in FIG. 7 on an enlarged scale,
  • 9 to 11 a floatable articulated vehicle of the type of FIGS. 3 to 5 and in a corresponding representation, which is able to slide on a solid surface,
  • 12 to 14 a buoyant or non-buoyant articulated vehicle of the type
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 and in a corresponding representation, which is able to slide on a solid base,
  • Fig. 15 is a sectional view of FIG. 14 with another embodiment for the attachment of the sliding surfaces.

Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines Gliederfahrzeuges gemäß der Erfindung, bei dem der gesamte Bootskörper aus einem umlaufenden, in vertikaler Richtung offenen Rahmen besteht. Die auf die einzelnen Glieder 1 bis 4 entfallenden Rahmenteile sind dabei als Schwimmkörper ausgebildet, deren Querschnitt eine beliebige Form haben kann, beispielsweise kreisförmig oder rechteckig. In Figur 2 besteht das Bugglied 1 und das Heckglied 1 aus je einem einzigen um 180° gebogenen Rahmenteil 11 beziehungsweise 11 d. Statt dieses einzigen Rahmenteiles können diese Glieder 1 und 4 natürlich aus verschiedenen starr miteinander verbundenen Rahmenteilen aufgebaut sein. Es müssen auch nicht sämtliche Rahmenteile als Schwimmkörper ausgebildet sein.Figures 1 and 2 show the basic structure of a link vehicle according to the invention, in which the entire hull consists of a circumferential frame open in the vertical direction. The frame parts attributable to the individual links 1 to 4 are designed as floating bodies, the cross section of which can have any shape, for example circular or rectangular. In Figure 2, the bow member 1 and the rear member 1 each consist of a single frame part 11 and 11 d bent by 180 °. Instead of this single frame part, these links 1 and 4 can of course be made up of different rigidly connected frame parts. It is also not necessary for all frame parts to be designed as floating bodies.

Die seitlichen Rahmenteile benachbarter Glieder sind über Knickglieder 13 miteinander verbunden. Diese Knickglieder sind als elastisch verformbare Zwischenstücke zwischen den relativ starren Rahmenteilen 11 angeordnet.The lateral frame parts of adjacent links are connected to one another via articulated links 13. These articulated links are arranged as elastically deformable intermediate pieces between the relatively rigid frame parts 11.

Die zu einem Glied gehörenden Rahmenteile können durch senkrecht zur Längsrichtung des Bootes verlaufende Querverbinder 18, 19, 20 miteinander verbunden werden. Diese Querverbinder können aus einer einfachen Stange bestehen, wie die mit 18 bezeichneten Querverbinder, oder sie können auch als Schwimmkörper ausgebildet sein, wie die mit 19 bezeichneten Querverbinder. Die Querverbinder legen die Breite des Bootes eindeutig fest. Die Querverbinder liegen möglichst an den Enden in Längsrichtung der Glieder, damit die einzelnen Glieder einen Teilrahmen mit einer möglichst großen Öffnungsfläche 23 bilden. Statt an einer Verbindungsstelle zwischen zwei Gliedem jedes Glied mit einem Querverbinder zu versehen wie im Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen den Gliedern 1 und 2 sowie 3 und 4, kann auch ein gemeinsamer Querverbinder verwendet werden, der von dem einen Knickglied zu dem gegenüberliegenden reicht. Auch dieser für zwei Glieder gemeinsame Querverbinder kann als Schwimmkörper ausgebildet werden, wie dies am Querverbinder 20 in Figur 2 dargestellt ist.The frame parts belonging to a link can be connected to one another by transverse connectors 18, 19, 20 running perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the boat. These cross connectors can consist of a simple rod, such as the cross connectors designated 18, or they can also be designed as floating bodies, such as the cross connectors labeled 19. The cross connectors clearly define the width of the boat. The cross connectors are preferably at the ends in the longitudinal direction of the links, so that the individual links form a subframe with the largest possible opening area 23. Instead of providing each link with a cross connector at a connection point between two links, as in the exemplary embodiment between links 1 and 2 and 3 and 4, a common cross connector can also be used, which extends from one articulated link to the opposite one. This cross connector common to two links can also be designed as a floating body, as is shown on the cross connector 20 in FIG.

Die Teilrahmen der einzelnen Glieder stellen somit in den Figuren 1 und 2 im wesentlichen starre Körper dar, die im Verhältnis zueinander beliebig abgeknickt werden können. In die Durchtrittsflächen 23 dieser Teilrahmen sind vorzugsweise starr ausgebildete nach unten geschlossene Körbe einsetzbar, von denen die Nutzlast des Bootes aufgenommen wird. Hierbei kann es sich um Körbe zur Aufnahme von Personen handeln. Die Körbe sind dann vorzugsweise mit Sitzbänken versehen, wie dies beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 3 bis 5 näher ausgeführt ist. Die Tiefe dieser Körbe kann so bemessen sein, daß sie in das Wasser eintauchen und einen Beitrag zum Gesamtauftrieb des Bootes leisten. Die Körbe stützen sich dabei auf den Rahmenteilen 11 und/oder den Querverbindern ab. Soweit zwischen den Rahmenteilen 11a bis 11f keine Querverbinder vorhanden sind, können die eingesetzten Körbe auch derart an den Rahmenteilen befestigt werden, daß durch die Körbe die Breite des Bootes exakt festgelegt wird.The partial frames of the individual links thus represent essentially rigid bodies in FIGS. 1 and 2, which can be bent as desired in relation to one another. Rigid, downwardly closed baskets, from which the payload of the boat is received, can preferably be inserted into the passage surfaces 23 of these subframes. These can be baskets for people. The baskets are then preferably provided with benches, as is explained in more detail in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 to 5. The depth of these baskets can be such that they are immersed in the water and contribute to the overall buoyancy of the boat. The baskets are supported on the frame parts 11 and / or the cross connectors. If there are no cross connectors between the frame parts 11a to 11f, the baskets used can also be attached to the frame parts in such a way that the width of the boat is precisely determined by the baskets.

Für den Aufbau der Knickglieder 13 kommen beispielsweise Schaumstoffe mit geschlossenen Poren in Betracht, die in biegeweichen, wasserdichten Hüllen untergebracht sind. Schließlich können die Knickglieder auch aus aufblasbaren Kammern bestehen, wobei der Druck des in diesen Kammern eingeschlossenen Gases, normalerweise Luft, so bemessen ist, daß diese Kammern wesentlich weicher und leichter verformbar sind, als die im wesentlichen starren Rahmenteile. Diese Kammern bilden dann sogenannte Luftgelenke (« air hinges »).For the construction of the articulated members 13, for example, foams with closed pores come into consideration, which are accommodated in flexible, waterproof casings. Finally, the articulated members can also consist of inflatable chambers, the pressure of the gas enclosed in these chambers, normally air, being so dimensioned that these chambers are considerably softer and easier to deform than the essentially rigid frame parts. These chambers then form so-called air hinges.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der letztgenannten Art soll anhand der Figuren 3 bis 5 näher beschrieben werden. Der in Fig. 4 in Draufsicht gezeigte Bootskörper besteht aus drei Gliedern 1, 2, 3. Die Rahmenteile 31 a bis 31d sind als aufblasbare Schläuche ausgebildet, wobei die beiden um 180° gebogenen Endrahmenteile 31a und 31 c durch Schottwände 32 zweckmäßig in einzelne Abteilungen unterteilt sind. Die Knickglieder 33a bis 33d sind ebenfalls als aufblasbare Kammern ausgebildet, und das gleiche gilt für die Querverbinder 34 und 35. Die die Knickglieder bildenden aufblasbaren Kammern sind mit Ansatzstutzen 36a bis 36d für die Querverbinder versehen. Der gesamte von den Schottwänden 32a, 32b, 32c begrenzte Raum stellt eine einzige Kammer dar. Das gesamte System aus Rahmenteilen, Querverbindern und Knickstellenkammem ist zu einem einheitlichen Gebilde zusammenvulkanisiert. In die von jedem Glied gebildete Teilrahmenöffnung sind Körbe 41-43 einsetzbar, die in Fig. 3 eingezeichnet sind und besonders gut im Querschnitt gemäß Fig. 5 erkennbar sind. Die Körbe liegen vierseitig auf den Längsund Querschläuchen auf und sind mittels Tauwerktropps an den Holmtroppbesätzen befestigbar. Der Boden 53 der Körbe liegt im eingesetzten Zustand etwas höher als die untere Begrenzung 54 der Schläuche, um eine Bodenberührung durch die Körbe zu vermeiden. Andererseits tauchen sie jedoch ebenfalls in das Wasser 55 ein und liefern damit einen Beitrag zu dem Auftrieb des Bootes. Etwas oberhalb des Bodens der Körbe ist eine Gräting 45 angeordnet, unter der sich Spritz- und Regenwasser sammelt. In die Körbe sind Sitzbänke 44 eingebaut bzw. einsetzbar.An embodiment of the latter type will be described with reference to Figures 3 to 5. The boat hull shown in Fig. 4 in plan view consists of three links 1, 2, 3. The frame parts 31 a to 31 d are designed as inflatable tubes, the two end frame parts 31 a and 31 c bent by 180 ° expediently into individual sections by bulkhead walls 32 are divided. The articulated members 33a to 33d are also designed as inflatable chambers, and the same applies to the cross connectors 34 and 35. The inflatable chambers forming the articulated members are provided with connecting pieces 36a to 36d provided for the cross connector. The entire space delimited by the bulkhead walls 32a, 32b, 32c represents a single chamber. The entire system of frame parts, cross connectors and buckling chamber is vulcanized together to form a single structure. Baskets 41-43 can be inserted into the partial frame opening formed by each link, which are shown in FIG. 3 and can be seen particularly well in the cross section according to FIG. 5. The baskets lie on four sides on the longitudinal and transverse hoses and can be attached to the spar trimmings using rope ropes. In the inserted state, the bottom 53 of the baskets lies somewhat higher than the lower limit 54 of the hoses in order to avoid the baskets from touching the ground. On the other hand, however, they also dive into water 55 and thus contribute to the buoyancy of the boat. A grating 45 is arranged slightly above the bottom of the baskets, under which splash and rain water collects. Benches 44 are installed or can be used in the baskets.

An den Außenseiten und an der Unterseite der Längsschläuche sind Schutz- und Scheuerleisten 46 angeordnet. Die Körbe sind mit einer Schanz 47 versehen, die bei den beiden Endkörben zu den Enden hin zum Schutz gegen Spritzwasser hochgezogen ist und die zweckmäßigerweise in horizontaler Richtung nicht über den Schlauch hervorstehen, um bei Verwendung des Bootes in Wildwasserkanälen ein Anschlagen gegen die Uferwände zu vermeiden.Protective and rubbing strips 46 are arranged on the outer sides and on the underside of the longitudinal hoses. The baskets are provided with a bulwark 47, which is pulled up at the two end baskets towards the ends to protect against splashing water and which expediently do not protrude horizontally over the hose in order to avoid hitting the bank walls when the boat is used in white water channels .

Dadurch, daß die Luftkammern 33a bis 33d, welche die Knickglieder (Luftgelenke) bilden, nur mit einem relativ geringen Druck aufgeblasen sind, sind sie sehr weich und leicht verformbar. Im Verhältnis zu ihnen wirken die übrigen Schlauchteile als praktisch starre Körper, so daß sich die Glieder des Bootes über die Gelenkkammern gegeneinander abknicken können um Achsen, die im wesentlichen in Querrichtung durch die Gelenkkammem verlaufen. Aber auch in der Horizontalebene können die Gelenkkammern um vertikale Achsen gegeneinander leicht abknicken. Sie können auch in gewissem Umfange senkrecht zur Längsachse des Bootes parallel zueinander verschoben werden. Vorzugsweise werden die zu den Gelenkkammem gehörenden Wände des Bootes aus biegsamerem und knautschbarerem Material hergestellt, als die übrigen ebenfalls als Schlauchteile aufgebauten Rahmenteile und Querverbinder. Durch die Einstellung des Luftdruckes in den Gelenkkammern kann der Grad der Schlappheit und « Wabbeligkeit » und damit die Weichheit der Verbindung zwischen den Gliedern nach Wunsch eingestellt werden.Because the air chambers 33a to 33d, which form the articulated members (air joints), are only inflated with a relatively low pressure, they are very soft and easily deformable. In relation to them, the other hose parts act as practically rigid bodies, so that the limbs of the boat can bend against one another via the joint chambers around axes which run essentially transversely through the joint chambers. But also in the horizontal plane, the joint chambers can easily bend against each other about vertical axes. To a certain extent, they can also be displaced parallel to one another perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boat. The walls of the boat belonging to the articulated chambers are preferably produced from more flexible and crushable material than the other frame parts and cross connectors, which are also constructed as hose parts. By adjusting the air pressure in the joint chambers, the degree of limpness and “wobbly” and thus the softness of the connection between the limbs can be adjusted as desired.

Das in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellte Boot hat eine Länge von ungefähr 5 bis 6 m und ist für 6 Personen konzipiert. Es versteht sich, daß das Boot durch Hinzufügen weiterer Glieder bedeutend länger und für bedeutend mehr Personen gebaut werden kann.The boat shown in Figures 3 and 4 has a length of about 5 to 6 m and is designed for 6 people. It is understood that by adding additional links, the boat can be built significantly longer and for significantly more people.

Dadurch, daß die Körbe mit im wesentlichen rechteckigen Kästen in das Wasser eintauchen, wird am Boden des Bootes eine Zerklüftung erreicht, die kursstabilisierend wirkt und den für ein mit der Strömung treibendes Boot erforderlichen Wasserwiderstand erzeugt. Die ins Wasser eintauchenden Flächen 51 der Körbe, die in Längsrichtung des Bootes verlaufen, sorgen dafür, daß das Boot an die Stelle des Wasserstroms (in der Regel die Kanalmitte) gedrückt wird, in der die größte Strömungsgeschwindigkeit herrscht. Die in das Wasser eintauchenden senkrecht zur Längsrichtung des Bootes verlaufenden Flächen 52 der Körbe sorgen dafür, daß die Längsachse des Bootes sich in die Strömungsrichtung stellt. Auf diese Weise wird ein Querschlagen des Bootes verhindert. Hierdurch wird ein schneller Betriebsablauf auf kommerziellen Wildwasserbahnen gefördert.Due to the fact that the baskets with essentially rectangular boxes are immersed in the water, a fissure is achieved at the bottom of the boat, which has a stabilizing effect on the course and generates the water resistance required for a boat with the current. The surfaces 51 of the baskets which are immersed in the water and which run in the longitudinal direction of the boat ensure that the boat is pressed into the place of the water flow (usually the middle of the channel) in which the greatest flow speed prevails. The surfaces 52 of the baskets which are immersed in the water and run perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the boat ensure that the longitudinal axis of the boat is in the direction of flow. This prevents the boat from crossing. This promotes a fast operation on commercial wild water rides.

In den Figuren 6 bis 8 ist ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt. Das Boot besteht in diesem Falle aus zwei im wesentlichen parallel angeordneten langen nachgiebigen (elastisch verformbaren) Schwimmkörpern 61, die vorzugsweise als Luftschläuche ausgebildet sind. Diese Schläuche sind in entsprechende Aufnahmeöffnungen eines starren Bugteils 62 und eines starren Heckteils 63 eingelassen und fest mit diesen Teilen verbunden. In den Raum zwischen Bugteil 62 und Heckteil 63 sind starre Körbe hintereinander einsetzbar, die auf die Schwimmkörper 61 aufgesetzt und an diesen lösbar befestigt werden. Die Befestigung kann beispielsweise mit Expandern 65 erfolgen, die den Schwimmkörper 61 umfassen. Die einzelnen Glieder des Bootes werden hierbei von den Körben mit den zugehörigen Teilen der Schwimmkörper 61 gebildet. Auch das Bugteil 62 und das Heckteil 63 stellen je ein Glied dar. Dank der Nachgiebigkeit der Schwimmkörper können die Glieder gegeneinander abknicken und/oder sich parallel zueinander verschieben. Der Grad der Abknickbarkeit und gegenseitigen Verschiebbarkeit kann durch den Grad der Nachgiebigkeit der Schwimmkörper einerseits und den Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten Körben bzw. Korb und Bugoder Heckteil 62, 63 andererseits eingestellt werden. In den Körben sind wieder Sitzbänke 67 angeordnet, wie in einem der Körbe in Fig. 6 angedeutet ist und in der vergrößerten Querschnittsdarstellung nach Fig. 8 besser erkennbar ist. Der in Fig. 8 gezeichnete Korb ist an den Seiten so ausgebildet, daß er die Schwimmkörper 61 von drei Seiten mit einer zum Aufsetzen angemessenen Toleranz umfaßt. Ein elastisches Seil 65 (Expander) wird dann über die nach unten offene Seite gespannt. Die Körbe 64 sowie auch das Bugteil 62 und das Heckteil 63 sind sowohl seitlich als auch nach unten mit Schutz- und Scheuerleisten 66 versehen. Das Boot nach Fig. 6 bis 8 ist insbesondere. geeignet für sogenannte Schußfahrten in künstlich angelegten Wasserbahnen. Es wird dabei in einem Kanal geführt, in welchem sich das Boot mit den dargestellten Schutzund Scheuerleisten abstützt.Another exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 6 to 8. In this case, the boat consists of two long, flexible (elastically deformable) floating bodies 61 arranged essentially in parallel, which are preferably designed as air hoses. These hoses are embedded in corresponding receiving openings of a rigid front part 62 and a rigid rear part 63 and are firmly connected to these parts. In the space between the bow part 62 and the rear part 63, rigid baskets can be inserted one after the other, which are placed on the floating bodies 61 and releasably attached to them. The attachment can take place, for example, with expanders 65, which comprise the floating body 61. The individual members of the boat are formed by the baskets with the associated parts of the float 61. The bow part 62 and the rear part 63 each represent a link. Thanks to the flexibility of the floating bodies, the links can bend towards each other and / or shift parallel to one another. The degree of bendability and mutual displaceability can be adjusted on the one hand by the degree of flexibility of the floating bodies and the distance between two adjacent baskets or basket and bow or rear part 62, 63. Benches 67 are again arranged in the baskets, as indicated in one of the baskets in FIG. 6 and can be seen better in the enlarged cross-sectional view according to FIG. 8. The basket shown in Fig. 8 is formed on the sides so that it encompasses the floating bodies 61 from three sides with a tolerance that is appropriate for mounting. An elastic rope 65 (expander) is then stretched over the downwardly open side. The baskets 64 as well as the front part 62 and the rear part 63 are provided with protection and rubbing strips 66 both laterally and downwards. The boat of FIGS. 6 to 8 is special. suitable for so-called shooting rides in artificial waterways. It is guided in a channel in which the boat is supported with the protective and rubbing strips shown.

Im vorhergehenden wurden schwimmfähige Gliederfahrzeuge, also Gliederboote, beschrieben. Häufig passiert es bei künstlichen Wildwasserbahnen, insbesondere bei Schußbahnen, daß die führende Rinne nicht ständig genug Wasser trägt, um das Fahrzeug im schwimmenden Zustand zu halten. Schließlich sind auch geschlossene Bahnanlagen denkbar, die überhaupt kein Wasser oder nur eine geringe, praktisch nur der Schmierung dienende Wassermenge führen. Um die oben beschriebenen Gliederfahrzeuge auch für den Betrieb in solchen Rinnen geeignet zu machen, sind nach einer Weiterentwicklung der Erfindung sämtliche oder ein Teil der Glieder des Fahrzeugs an ihrer Unterseite mit Gleitflächen versehen, mit denen das Fahrzeug auf eine feste Unterlage aufsetzbar ist, bei der es sich in der Regel um den Boden einer das Fahrzeug führenden Fahrrinne oder Bahn handelt. Unter « Unterseite der Glieder werden dabei die Bereiche der Glieder bezeichnet, mit denen das Glied sich beim Aufsetzen auf die Bahn abstützt. Bei einer senkrecht zur Längsrichtung gewölbten Bahn, bei der die Bahn also bogenförmig nach oben gezogene Seitenwände hat, gehören zu diesen Bereichen auch schräg verlaufende Bereiche der Glieder. Da die in sich starren Gleitflächen für jedes Glied individuell vorgesehen sind, bleibt die Abknickbarkeit und Verschiebbarkeit der Glieder untereinander erhalten.Floatable articulated vehicles, that is articulated boats, have been described above. It often happens with artificial wild water serbahnen, especially in the case of weft tracks, that the leading channel does not always carry enough water to keep the vehicle floating. Finally, closed rail systems are also conceivable that carry no water at all or only a small amount of water, which is used practically only for lubrication. In order to make the articulated vehicles described above also suitable for operation in such channels, according to a further development of the invention, all or part of the articulations of the vehicle are provided on their underside with sliding surfaces with which the vehicle can be placed on a solid base, in which it is usually the bottom of a fairway or train leading the vehicle. The areas of the links with which the link is supported when it is placed on the track are referred to as “bottom of the links”. In the case of a web arched perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, in which the web thus has arcuate side walls, these areas also include obliquely extending areas of the links. Since the rigid sliding surfaces are individually provided for each link, the links can be bent and moved relative to one another.

Die Ausbildung eines solchen gleitenden Fahrzeugs aus einzelnen miteinander abknickbar und verschiebbar verbundenen Gliedern erzeugt eine Schlingerbewegung, auf welche bei Verwendung der Fahrzeuge in Freizeit- und Vergnügungsfahranlagen zur Verstärkung des Fahrgefühls großer Wert gelegt wird.The formation of such a gliding vehicle from individual links which can be bent and displaceably connected produces a rolling movement, which is very important when using the vehicles in leisure and amusement ride systems to enhance the driving experience.

Die Gleitflächen können in der Weise ausgebildet werden, daß die nach unten vorstehende Unterseite der Körbe großflächig mit gleitfähigem Material belegt sind. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, an diesen Körben oder den Rahmenteilen Kufen anzubringen, die ihrerseits mit gleitfähigem Material belegt sind oder massiv aus solchem Material bestehen.The sliding surfaces can be designed in such a way that the underside of the baskets projecting downward is covered over a large area with lubricious material. Another possibility is to attach runners to these baskets or the frame parts, which in turn are covered with slidable material or consist massively of such material.

Ferner können auch an den Außenseiten der Glieder Gleitflächen vorgesehen sein, mit denen sich das Fahrzeug beim Anschlagen oder Anliegen gegen eine Seitenwand der führenden Rinne abstützt.Furthermore, sliding surfaces can also be provided on the outer sides of the links, with which the vehicle is supported against a side wall of the leading channel when striking or resting.

Die Rahmenteile und/oder die Querverbinder können bei diesem Fahrzeug gemäß der Erfindung weiterhin als Schwimmkörper ausgebildet sein, so daß das Fahrzeug zugleich schwimmfähig ist. Diese amphibische Ausführungsform hat den Vorteil, daß das Fahrzeug am unteren Ende der Bahn in einem Wasserbecken aufgefangen werden kann. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Rahmenteile und/oder Querverbinder aus nicht schwimmfähigem Material auszubilden, z. B. aus einfachen Holmen oder Profilträgern. Auch brauchen, falls ein Eintauchen in Wasser nicht vorgesehen ist, die Körbe nach unten nicht geschlossen ausgebildet zu sein.In this vehicle according to the invention, the frame parts and / or the cross connectors can also be designed as floating bodies, so that the vehicle is also buoyant. This amphibious embodiment has the advantage that the vehicle can be caught in a pool of water at the lower end of the track. But it is also possible to form the frame parts and / or cross connectors from non-buoyant material, for. B. from simple spars or profile beams. Also, if immersion in water is not provided, the baskets need not be closed at the bottom.

Das Material der Gleitflächen muß so beschaffen sein, daß es auf dem Material der führenden Bahn einen möglichst kleinen Reibungskoeffizienten hat. Hierfür kommen vor allem spezielle Kunststoffe in Betracht, z. B. Hostalen unter der Handelsbezeichnung « GUR ». Die die Unterlage bildende führende Bahn kann z. B. aus Stahl oder Kunststoff bestehen.The material of the sliding surfaces must be such that it has the lowest possible coefficient of friction on the material of the leading track. For this, special plastics come into consideration, e.g. B. Hostalen under the trade name «GUR». The leading path forming the base can, for. B. made of steel or plastic.

Die Verwendung eines Fahrzeuges mit Gleitflächen hat gegenüber einem Fahrzeug mit Rädern den Vorteil erheblich größerer Auflageflächen. Bei der Verwendung von Rädern wird die tragende Bahn wegen des hohen Auflagedruckes sehr schnell beschädigt und unbrauchbar.The use of a vehicle with sliding surfaces has the advantage of considerably larger contact surfaces compared to a vehicle with wheels. When using wheels, the load-bearing web is very quickly damaged and unusable due to the high contact pressure.

In der Regel werden alle Glieder eines Fahrzeuges gemäß der Erfindung mit Gleitflächen versehen. Es ist jedoch denkbar, daß einzelne Glieder keine Gleitflächen haben und ohne Boden oder Seitenberührung mit der führenden Rinne von den benachbarten Gliedern mitgetragen werden.As a rule, all members of a vehicle are provided with sliding surfaces according to the invention. However, it is conceivable that individual links have no sliding surfaces and are carried by the adjacent links without bottom or side contact with the leading channel.

Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel dieser Weiterentwicklung gemäß der Erfindung zeigen die Figuren 9 bis 11. Diese Figuren zeigen in gleicher Darstellung wie die Figuren 3 bis 5 ein schwimmfähiges Gliederfahrzeug, das sich von dem der Figuren 3 bis 5 dadurch unterscheidet, daß es zugleich auf einer festen Unterlage aufsetzbar ist und auf dieser gut zu gleiten vermag. Gemäß dieser Weiterentwicklung der Erfindung sind die einzelnen Glieder 1-3 des Fahrzeuges mit Gleitflächen versehen, und zwar mit in Längsrichtung der Glieder verlaufenden Kufen 73, 74, die auf der ebenen Unterseite der Körbe 41 bis 43 angebracht sind. Die den Boden der Rinne 80 berührenden Flächen der Kufen sind mit einem hoch gleitfähigen Material 75 belegt, das so gewählt wird, daß der Reibungskoeffizient mit dem Material der Rinne 80 sehr klein ist.A first exemplary embodiment of this further development according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 9 to 11. These figures show, in the same representation as FIGS. 3 to 5, a floatable articulated vehicle which differs from that of FIGS. 3 to 5 in that it is also on a solid base can be put on and is able to slide well on it. According to this further development of the invention, the individual links 1-3 of the vehicle are provided with sliding surfaces, specifically with runners 73, 74 which run in the longitudinal direction of the links and which are attached to the flat underside of the baskets 41 to 43. The surfaces of the runners touching the bottom of the channel 80 are covered with a highly slidable material 75, which is chosen so that the coefficient of friction with the material of the channel 80 is very small.

Es ist ferner möglich, daß auch an den Rahmenteilen Kufen 76 mit einem gleitfähigen Belag 75 angebracht sind, wie dies in Fig. 11 für das Rahmenteil 31 b angedeutet ist. Da das Gliederfahrzeug bei seiner Fahrt durch die Rinne, insbesondere in Kurven, auch an die Seitenwände 80a, 80b der Rinne anschlagen kann, können die Glieder auch an den Seiten mit Gleitflächen versehen sein. Diese Gleitfläche kann unmittelbar am Rahmenteil befestigt sein, wie dies für das Rahmenteil 31 b in Fig. 11 gezeigt ist, wo eine Kufe 77 mit gleitfähigem Material 75 seitlich am Rahmenteil angeordnet ist. Diese Kufen 77 mit Gleitflächen sind auch für alle sechs Rahmenteile in Fig. 10 dargestellt. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, daß die Auflageträger 82, mit denen der Korb auf den Rahmenteilen ruht, weiter nach außen um das Rahmenteil verlängert ist, wie dies für die Auflagekonstruktion 82a in Fig. 11 gezeigt ist. Die Kufe 78 mit dem gleitfähigen Material ist dann an dieser Auflagekonstruktion selbst befestigt.It is also possible that runners 76 with a slidable covering 75 are also attached to the frame parts, as is indicated in FIG. 11 for the frame part 31 b. Since the articulated vehicle can also strike the side walls 80a, 80b of the gutter when it is traveling through the gutter, in particular in curves, the limbs can also be provided with sliding surfaces on the sides. This sliding surface can be attached directly to the frame part, as is shown for the frame part 31 b in FIG. 11, where a runner 77 with slidable material 75 is arranged laterally on the frame part. These runners 77 with sliding surfaces are also shown for all six frame parts in FIG. 10. Another possibility is that the support bracket 82, with which the basket rests on the frame parts, is extended further outwards by the frame part, as is shown for the support structure 82a in FIG. 11. The runner 78 with the lubricious material is then attached to this support structure itself.

Die Figuren 12 bis 14 zeigen ein ähnliches Gliederfahrzeug wie die Figuren 6 bis 8, wobei wieder für entsprechende Teile die gleichen Bezugszeichen verwendet werden. Auch die Darstellungsweise der Figuren 12 bis 14 entspricht der gemäß Figur 6 bis 8. Gemäß der Weiterentwicklung der Erfindung sind die Bodenflächen der Körbe 41 bis 43a mit einem hoch gleitfähigen Material 75 belegt. Gleiches gilt auch für das vordere und hintere Rahmenteil 62, 61 (Bugteil und Heckteil). Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform können die am weitesten seitlich herausstehenden Teile der Körbe bzw. der einzelnen Glieder mit hoch gleitfähigem Material 75 belegt sein, wie dies in Fig. 13 und 14 erkennbar ist. Die beiden nicht starren Rahmenteile 61 können statt als Schwimmkörper beispielsweise auch aus nicht schwimmfähigen massiven Gummistangen bestehen.FIGS. 12 to 14 show a similar articulated vehicle to that of FIGS. 6 to 8, the same reference numerals being used again for corresponding parts. The way in which FIGS. 12 to 14 are represented also corresponds to that in FIGS. 6 to 8. According to the further development of the invention, the bottom surfaces of the baskets 41 to 43a are covered with a highly slidable material 75. The same applies to that front and rear frame parts 62, 61 (front part and rear part). In this embodiment as well, the parts of the baskets or the individual links which protrude the most to the side can be covered with highly slidable material 75, as can be seen in FIGS. 13 and 14. The two non-rigid frame parts 61 can also consist, for example, of non-floatable solid rubber rods instead of as floating bodies.

Natürlich können auch bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 12 bis 14 anstelle des unmittelbar auf den Flächen der Körbe aufgetragenen hoch gleitfähigen Materials Kufen an den Körben vorgesehen sein, die ihrerseits mit gleitendem Material belegt sind, wie dies in den Figuren 9 bis 11 gezeigt ist. Umgekehrt kann auch bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 9 bis 11 anstelle der Kufen unmittelbar gieitfähiges Material auf den Flächen der Körbe aufgetragen werden. Dabei muß jedoch der Korb nach unten so weit verlängert werden, daß seine untere Grenzfläche tiefer als die der Rahmenteile liegt.Of course, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 12 to 14, instead of the highly slidable material applied directly to the surfaces of the baskets, runners can be provided on the baskets, which in turn are coated with sliding material, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11. Conversely, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 11, directly lubricious material can be applied to the surfaces of the baskets instead of the runners. However, the basket must be extended so far down that its lower interface is lower than that of the frame parts.

In beiden Ausführungsbeispielen gem. Fig. 9-14 können sich die Kufen bzw. das unmittelbar aufgetragene gleitfähige Material über die volle Länge der Glieder in Fahrrichtung erstrecken oder über einen Teil dieser Länge. Stets ist darauf zu achten, daß optimale Verhältnisse zwischen der Gesamtreibung einerseits und dem Auflagedruck auf die führende Rinne andererseits geschaffen werden. Die den Boden oder die Seitenwände der Rinne berührenden gleitfähigen Flächen sind an ihrer in Fahrtrichtung vorderen Kante schräg nach oben gezogen, wie dies beispielsweise bei a in Fig. 9 oder bei b in Fig. 12 angedeutet ist.In both exemplary embodiments. 9-14, the runners or the immediately applied lubricious material can extend over the full length of the limbs in the direction of travel or over part of this length. It must always be ensured that optimal relationships are created between the overall friction on the one hand and the contact pressure on the leading channel on the other. The slidable surfaces touching the bottom or the side walls of the channel are drawn obliquely upwards on their front edge in the direction of travel, as is indicated, for example, by a in FIG. 9 or by b in FIG. 12.

Figur 15 zeigt in gleicher Darstellung wie Figur 14 ein Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Erfindung mit einer anderen Ausbildung der Gleitflächen. Die Gleitfläche 101 besteht hierbei aus einem senkrecht zur Längsrichtung des Fahrzeugs umlaufenden Band, das sich über den gesamten Außenumfang (mit Ausnahme der Öffnung nach oben) des Gliedes erstreckt. An den Übergangszonen 102 zwischen dem Bodenteil und den Seitenteilen des Korbes bzw. des Gliedes wird das Band auf einem Bogen geführt, der dem Bogen 103 der führenden Rinne 80 angepaßt ist. Das Band kann entweder als selbsttragender Körper ausgebildet sein, oder es muß im Bereich der Übergangszone 102 mit einer Stützkonstruktion versehen sein. Das Band besteht aus hoch gleitfähigem Material oder ist an seiner Außenseite mit solchem Material 75 belegt. Das Band kann auch so beschaffen sein, daß es sich nur über die Übergangszonen 102 erstreckt. In Längsrichtung des Gliedes kann sich das Band über die ganze Länge des Gliedes erstrecken oder aus mehreren im Abstand voneinander angeordneten Bändern bestehen.Figure 15 shows in the same representation as Figure 14, an embodiment according to the invention with a different design of the sliding surfaces. The sliding surface 101 here consists of a band running perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, which extends over the entire outer circumference (with the exception of the opening upwards) of the link. At the transition zones 102 between the bottom part and the side parts of the basket or the link, the band is guided on an arch which is adapted to the arch 103 of the leading channel 80. The band can either be designed as a self-supporting body or it must be provided with a support structure in the region of the transition zone 102. The tape is made of highly slidable material or is covered with such material 75 on the outside. The band can also be designed such that it only extends over the transition zones 102. In the longitudinal direction of the link, the band can extend over the entire length of the link or consist of several bands arranged at a distance from one another.

Das gleitfähige Material kann auf die sie tragenden Flächen in beliebiger Weise aufgebracht werden. In Betracht kommen beispielsweise Schrauben, Kleben oder Aufschweißen. Die gleitfähigen Flächen können mit Schuppen oder Rillen versehen sein, die einerseits den Zweck haben können, ein Rückwärtsrutschen der Fahrzeuge zu verhindern und/oder die andererseits so beschaffen sein können, daß beim Vorhandensein eines Wasserfilms in der führenden Rinne dieses Wasser leichter zwischen Gleitfläche und Rinnenboden zum Aufbau eines Gleitfilms gelangen kann.The lubricious material can be applied to the surfaces supporting it in any way. For example, screws, gluing or welding are possible. The slidable surfaces can be provided with scales or grooves which, on the one hand, can have the purpose of preventing the vehicles from sliding backwards and / or, on the other hand, can be such that, in the presence of a water film in the leading groove, this water is more easily between the sliding surface and the groove bottom can build up a sliding film.

Claims (19)

1. Articulated vehicle, comprising several floatable or non-floatable substantially rigid units (1-4) arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, which units are connected to one another by means of buckle links, which permit the members to buckle or bend in relation to one another, characterized in that the units consist of substantially rigid frame parts defining frame fields (23), which are open in the vertical direction, that the buckle links (13) connecting the units consist of elastically deformable bodies, and that rigid baskets for a useful load are inserted into the vertically open frame fields (23) of the individual units of the vehicle and are supported by the frame parts (11a-11f).
2. Articulated vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame parts which lie opposite to one another in the transverse direction of the vessel are connected with each other by means of cross-connecting members (18, 19, 20, 34, 35), which are preferably positioned as close as possible to the connection points between the units, in such a way that the width of the vessel is exactly defined.
3. Articulated vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that for two adjacent units there is provided one common cross-connecting member (20, 34, 35) which is connected at its ends to the elastically deformable buckle links.
4. Articulated vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that all or a part of the frame parts (11a-11f) of the individual units and possibly also the cross-connecting members (18, 19, 20, 34, 35) are constructed as floatable bodies.
5. Articulated vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the frame parts and/or the cross-connecting members which are formed as floatable bodies consist of inflatable hose pieces.
6. Articulated vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the buckle links consist of inflatable chambers (air-joints) (33a-33d), with the gas pressure in said chambers being dimensioned such that the buckle links are essentially more yieldable and easier deformable than the substantially rigid frame parts.
7. Articulated vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that all frame parts, cross-connecting members, and buckle links consist of inflatable hoses, which all have cross-sections of preferably the same size and which are all vulcanized or welded together to form one single unit.
8. Articulated vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the buckle link chambers (33a, 33d, 33b, 33c) are provided with adapter pieces for the cross-connecting members.
9. Articulated vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two units are provided with sliding surfaces (75) on their outside, which surfaces are capable of supporting the units on a fixed base (40), and that the sliding surfaces consist of a highly slidable material which, with a material of the fixed base, makes a friction coefficient which is as low as possible, at least in the travelling direction of the vehicle.
10. Articulated vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that said sliding surfaces (75) extend over a part or over the entire lower surface of the units.
11. Articulated vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that the slidable material is applied directly to the lower surface of the units.
12. Articulated vehicle according to. claim 9, characterized in that the underside of the units is provided with runners (74, 76), which extend substantially in the direction of travelling of the vehicle and which are coated with a slidable material (75).
13. Articulated vehicle according to any of claims 9-12, characterized in that those surfaces of the side walls of the units which extend farthest outwardly, are completely or partially provided with highly slidable material or that the side walls are provided with runners (77, 78) coated with slidable material, with which runners the vehicle may about against the side walls (80a, 80b) of a slighting path or slighting channel guiding the vehicle.
14. Articulated vehicle according to any of claims 9-13, characterized in that units are provided with arc-shaped sliding surfaces (102) extending perpendicularly to the travelling direction of the vehicle, which sliding surfaces extend transversely to the travelling direction along portions of or along the entire outside surface of the unit and extend in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle along a portion or along the total length of the unit.
15. Articulated vehicle according to claim 14, characterized in that the sliding surfaces consist of a self-supporting or a supported band, which extends perpendicularly to the travelling direction, the band consisting either of a solid band of slidable material or a band coated with a slidable material.
16. Articulated vehicle according to any of claims - 9-15, characterized in that the slidable surfaces, at their front edge (a, b) in the travelling direction are provided with an upwardly extending oblique or arcuate shape.
17. Articulated vehicle according to any of claims 9-16, characterized in that the sliding surfaces are attached to the frame parts of the individual units and/or to the baskets inserted into the frames.
18. Articulated vehicle according to any of claims 9-17, characterized in that the sliding surfaces are provided with scales or grooves.
EP83710079A 1982-11-16 1983-11-11 Articulated vessel Expired EP0112271B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83710079T ATE44696T1 (en) 1982-11-16 1983-11-11 ARTICULATED VEHICLE.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823242401 DE3242401A1 (en) 1982-11-16 1982-11-16 Articulated boat
DE3242401 1982-11-16
DE3336563A DE3336563A1 (en) 1983-10-07 1983-10-07 Articulated vehicle
DE3336563 1983-10-07

Publications (2)

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EP0112271A1 EP0112271A1 (en) 1984-06-27
EP0112271B1 true EP0112271B1 (en) 1989-07-19

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EP83710079A Expired EP0112271B1 (en) 1982-11-16 1983-11-11 Articulated vessel

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US (1) US4583479A (en)
EP (1) EP0112271B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1219496A (en)
DE (1) DE3380210D1 (en)

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CA1219496A (en) 1987-03-24
DE3380210D1 (en) 1989-08-24
EP0112271A1 (en) 1984-06-27
US4583479A (en) 1986-04-22

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