EP0111195B1 - Gun ammunition, especially for high trajectory firing - Google Patents

Gun ammunition, especially for high trajectory firing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0111195B1
EP0111195B1 EP83111589A EP83111589A EP0111195B1 EP 0111195 B1 EP0111195 B1 EP 0111195B1 EP 83111589 A EP83111589 A EP 83111589A EP 83111589 A EP83111589 A EP 83111589A EP 0111195 B1 EP0111195 B1 EP 0111195B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
propulsive
ammunition
charge
accordance
charges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83111589A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0111195A2 (en
EP0111195A3 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Romer
Michael Schwenzer
Reinhard Dr. Rer. Nat. Synofzik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0111195A2 publication Critical patent/EP0111195A2/en
Publication of EP0111195A3 publication Critical patent/EP0111195A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0111195B1 publication Critical patent/EP0111195B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0823—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the propellant charge in a cartridged ammunition
    • F42C19/083—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the propellant charge in a cartridged ammunition characterised by the shape and configuration of the base element embedded in the cartridge bottom, e.g. the housing for the squib or percussion cap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/08—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile modified for electric ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cartridge ammunition with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such ammunition is known from FR-A-1 372 175.
  • a further propellant charge is arranged there concentrically around a centrally arranged first propellant charge.
  • Both propellant charges must be ignited by different igniters.
  • complex screw rings and additional associated sleeves are required, and the outlet openings of both propellant charges must be covered by a washer or the like.
  • US-A-3 283 719 shows a similar arrangement with concentrically arranged propellant charges.
  • a complicated ignition mechanism with two different ignition pins is required there.
  • Such an arrangement cannot be used in a machine gun because of the high cadences.
  • Every propellant charge is also provided with a rupture disc there.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve a cartridge ammunition of the type mentioned in such a way that it can be used in a machine gun, with extensive range variability, regardless of the pipe increase.
  • the aim is to create the possibility of arranging the propellant charges axially one behind the other, which creates the possibility of attaching a propellant charge to the floor of the storey, thereby preventing a sharp propellant charge from remaining in the cartridge case.
  • a simple construction is to be created in which, in particular, an outlet opening, namely the propellant charge for short range, can always be designed without covering means, as a result of which residues remain in the covering, e.g. B. the rupture disc is avoided and disturbances in the firing cycle can also be avoided.
  • the drawing shows embodiments of the new ammunition, each in a longitudinal axial section through a rear area of a relevant ammunition unit, i. H. excerpts, Figures 1, 2 and 3 each one of the three embodiments.
  • a propellant charge sleeve 11 encloses an interior 11 'with a base 12.
  • a housing 51 of an ignition device 50 with an external thread 58 is screwed into a bottom-side opening 13 with an internal thread 14.
  • the housing 51 encloses an insulating tube 52, which in turn encloses a contact pin 53.
  • a potting compound 55 essentially fills a space in the housing 51 and extends to a grid 54, on which a spacer plate 56 rests.
  • a housing 32 for a partial propellant charge 30 is screwed into an internal thread 57 by means of an external thread 32 ′ in the housing 51.
  • a housing 22 for a partial propellant charge 20 is screwed into an internal thread 32 ′′ by means of an external thread 22 ′ in the housing 32.
  • the partial propellant charge 20 is encased by a charge capsule 29, the partial propellant charge 30 is encased by a charge capsule 40.
  • a line 25 connects the contact pin 53 with an igniter 28 for the propellant charge 20.
  • a sealing plate 27 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the igniter 28.
  • the encased partial propellant charge 20 is in continuous connection with the interior 11 'via outlet openings 23'.
  • the housing 32 also provides for the continuous connection of the charge capsule 40 the interior 11 'exit openings 33. The latter are pressure-tightly closed in the direction of the partial propellant charge 30 by means of a respective closure element 34.
  • a line 35 connects the contact pin 53 to an ignition pill 39 for the partial propellant charge 30.
  • an ignition circuit of the partial propellant charge 30 has a greater resistance than an ignition circuit of the partial propellant charge 20.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 essentially by closure elements 24 assigned to outlet openings 23 '.
  • the further partial propellant charge 30 is attached to the floor 62 of the floor 60. If only the first partial propellant charge 20 lit, the non-ignited propellant charge 30 leaves the weapon barrel with the projectile 60. When both partial propellant charges 20 and 30 are ignited, the burned-out housing 32 remains on the floor 62. In an exemplary embodiment not shown, the partial propellant 30 with its housing 32 is located in the base 62 of the projectile 60.
  • the first partial propellant charge is to be ignited mechanically, it is located in the immediate vicinity of the ignition device 50. In order to ignite the further partial propellant charge 30, an ignition voltage must be applied to the fire.
  • the advantage of the invention is the adaptability of the muzzle velocity to the particular circumstances. From this it is clear that, in addition to the partial propellant charges 20 and 30, there may be other partial propellant charges.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine patronierte Munition mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a cartridge ammunition with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche Munition ist aus der FR-A-1 372 175 bekannt. Dort ist konzentrisch um eine zentrisch angeordnete erste Treibladung eine weitere Treibladung angeordnet. Beide Treibladungen müssen von unterschiedlichen Anzündvorrichtungen gezündet werden. Außerdem sind aufwendige Schraubenringe und zusätzliche zugehörige Hülsen erforderlich, und es müssen die Austrittsöffnungen beider Treibladungen durch eine Scheibe o. dgl. abgedeckt sein.Such ammunition is known from FR-A-1 372 175. A further propellant charge is arranged there concentrically around a centrally arranged first propellant charge. Both propellant charges must be ignited by different igniters. In addition, complex screw rings and additional associated sleeves are required, and the outlet openings of both propellant charges must be covered by a washer or the like.

Die US-A-3 283 719 zeigt eine ähnliche Anordnung mit konzentrisch angeordnenten Treibladungen. Dort ist ein umständlicher Zündmechanismus mit zwei unterschiedlichen Zündstiften erforderlich. Eine solche Anordnung ist in einer Maschinenkanone wegen der hohen Kadenzen nicht einsetzbar. Außerdem ist auch dort jede Treibladung mit einer Berstscheibe versehen.US-A-3 283 719 shows a similar arrangement with concentrically arranged propellant charges. A complicated ignition mechanism with two different ignition pins is required there. Such an arrangement cannot be used in a machine gun because of the high cadences. Every propellant charge is also provided with a rupture disc there.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine patronierte Munition der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, daß sie in einer Maschinenkanone einsetzbar ist, bei weitgehender Reichweitenveränderlichkeit, unabhängig von der Rohrerhöhung. Es soll die Möglichkeit geschaffen werden, die Treibladungen axial hintereinander anzuordnen, wodurch die Möglichkeit geschaffen wird, eine Treibladung am Geschoßboden zu befestigen, wodurch ein Zurückbleiben einer scharfen Treibladung in der Patronenhülse vermeidbar wird. Außerdem soll eine einfache Konstruktion geschaffen werden, bei der insbesondere eine Austrittsöffnung, nämlich der Treibladung für kurze Reichweite stets ohne Abdeckmittel ausgeführt sein kann, wodurch das Zurückbleiben von Rückständen in der Abdeckung, z. B. der Berstscheibe vermieden wird und dadurch Störungen im Schußzyklus ebenfalls vermieden werden.The object of the invention is therefore to improve a cartridge ammunition of the type mentioned in such a way that it can be used in a machine gun, with extensive range variability, regardless of the pipe increase. The aim is to create the possibility of arranging the propellant charges axially one behind the other, which creates the possibility of attaching a propellant charge to the floor of the storey, thereby preventing a sharp propellant charge from remaining in the cartridge case. In addition, a simple construction is to be created in which, in particular, an outlet opening, namely the propellant charge for short range, can always be designed without covering means, as a result of which residues remain in the covering, e.g. B. the rupture disc is avoided and disturbances in the firing cycle can also be avoided.

Die zur Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe wesentlichen notwendigen Merkmale der Erfindung sind im Patentanspruch 1 genannt. Die Unteransprüche nennen Ausführungsarten der Erfindung.The features of the invention that are essential for achieving the object are mentioned in claim 1. The subclaims list embodiments of the invention.

Die Zeichnung zeigt Ausführungsformen der neuen Munition es zeigen, jeweils in einem längsachsialen Schnitt durch einen rückseitigen Bereich einer betreffenden Munitonseinheit, d. h. ausschnittweise, die Figuren 1, 2 und 3 je eines der drei Ausführungsbeispiele.The drawing shows embodiments of the new ammunition, each in a longitudinal axial section through a rear area of a relevant ammunition unit, i. H. excerpts, Figures 1, 2 and 3 each one of the three embodiments.

Gemäß Fig. 1 umschließt eine Treibladungshülse 11 mit einem Boden 12 einen Innenraum 11'. In eine bodenseitige Öffnung 13 mit einem Innengewinde 14 ist ein Gehäuse 51 einer Anzündeinrichtung 50 mit einem Außengewinde 58 eingeschraubt. Das Gehäuse 51 umschließt ein Isolierrohr 52, das seinerseits einen Kontaktstift 53 umschließt. Eine Vergußmasse 55 füllt im wesentlichen einen Raum im Gehäuse 51 aus und erstreckt sich bis zu einem Gitter 54, dem ein Distanzplättchen 56 aufliegt. In ein Innengewinde 57 ist ein Gehäuse 32 für eine Teiltreibladung 30 mittels eines Außengewindes 32' in das Gehäuse 51 eingeschraubt. In ein Innengewinde 32" ist ein Gehäuse 22 für eine Teiltreibladung 20 mittels eines Außengewindes 22' in das Gehäuse 32 eingeschraubt. Die Teiltreibladung 20 ist von einer Ladungskapsel 29, die Teiltreibladung 30 ist von einer Ladungskapsel 40 eingehüllt. Eine Leitung 25 verbindet den Kontaktstift 53 mit einer Anzündpille 28 für die Treibladung 20. In nächster Nachbarschaft der Anzündpille 28 ist ein Dichtplättchen 27 angeordnet. Über Austrittsöffnungen 23' steht die eingehüllte Teiltreibladung 20 mit dem Innenraum 11' in durchgängiger Verbindung. Das Gehäuse 32 weist zur durchgängigen Verbindung der Ladungskapsel 40 mit dem Innenraum 11' Austrittsöffnungen 33 auf. Letztere sind mittels eines jeweiligen Verschlußelements 34 in Richtung auf die Teiltreibladung 30 druckfest verschlossen. Eine Leitung 35 verbindet den Kontaktstift 53 mit einer Anzündpille 39 für die Teiltreibladung 30. In nächster Nachbarschaft der Anzündpillle 39 ist ein Dichtplättchen 38 angeordnet. In der Leitung 35 liegt ein definierter Vorschaltwiderstand 36. Hierdurch weist ein Anzündkreis der Teiltreibladung 30 einen größeren Widerstand auf als ein Anzündkreis der Teiltreibladung 20.1, a propellant charge sleeve 11 encloses an interior 11 'with a base 12. A housing 51 of an ignition device 50 with an external thread 58 is screwed into a bottom-side opening 13 with an internal thread 14. The housing 51 encloses an insulating tube 52, which in turn encloses a contact pin 53. A potting compound 55 essentially fills a space in the housing 51 and extends to a grid 54, on which a spacer plate 56 rests. A housing 32 for a partial propellant charge 30 is screwed into an internal thread 57 by means of an external thread 32 ′ in the housing 51. A housing 22 for a partial propellant charge 20 is screwed into an internal thread 32 ″ by means of an external thread 22 ′ in the housing 32. The partial propellant charge 20 is encased by a charge capsule 29, the partial propellant charge 30 is encased by a charge capsule 40. A line 25 connects the contact pin 53 with an igniter 28 for the propellant charge 20. A sealing plate 27 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the igniter 28. The encased partial propellant charge 20 is in continuous connection with the interior 11 'via outlet openings 23'. The housing 32 also provides for the continuous connection of the charge capsule 40 the interior 11 'exit openings 33. The latter are pressure-tightly closed in the direction of the partial propellant charge 30 by means of a respective closure element 34. A line 35 connects the contact pin 53 to an ignition pill 39 for the partial propellant charge 30. In the immediate vicinity of the igniter cap 39 there is a sealing plate 38 arranged in the line 35 l a defined ballast resistor 36 is set. As a result, an ignition circuit of the partial propellant charge 30 has a greater resistance than an ignition circuit of the partial propellant charge 20.

Die Wirkungsweise ergibt sich folgendermaßen, wobei zunächst davon ausgegangen wird, daß nur die erste Teiltreibladung 20 angezündet werden soll :

  • Eine Anzündspannung wird waffenseitig an den Kontaktstift 53 angelegt, die für den Vorschaltwiderstand 36 zu gering ist und deshalb nur die Teiltreibladung 20 anzündet. Durch den hierbei im Innenraum 11' entstehenden Druck wirken die Verschlußelemente 34 abschirmend auf die Teiltreibladung 30. Das Geschoß 60 verläßt mit einer der Teiltreibladung 20 entsprechenden Mündungsgeschwindigkeiten das Waffenrohr. Hierauf kann durch Anlegen einer höheren Spannung die Teiltreibladung 30 nachträglich gezündet werden, ohne noch Wirkung auf das Geschoß 60 zu haben. Die Teiltreibladung 30 kann auch ohne angezündet zu werden mit der Teiltreibladungshülse 11 aus dem Rohr der Waffe ausgezogen werden.
The mode of operation results as follows, it being initially assumed that only the first partial propellant charge 20 should be ignited:
  • An ignition voltage is applied to the contact pin 53 on the weapon side, which is too low for the series resistor 36 and therefore only ignites the partial propellant charge 20. Due to the pressure that arises in the interior 11 ′, the locking elements 34 have a shielding effect on the partial propellant charge 30. The projectile 60 leaves the weapon barrel at a muzzle velocity corresponding to the partial propellant charge 20. The partial propellant charge 30 can then be ignited subsequently by applying a higher voltage without having any effect on the projectile 60. The partial propellant charge 30 can also be pulled out of the barrel of the weapon with the partial propellant charge sleeve 11 without being ignited.

Soll das Geschoß 60 mit einer vergleichsweise höheren Mündungsgeschwindigkeit abgefeuert werden, wird eine ausreichend hohe Spannung aus einer waffenseitigen Spannungsquelle an den Kontaktstift 53 angelegt. Auf diese Weise werden beide Teiltreibladungen 20 und 30 angezündet.If the projectile 60 is to be fired at a comparatively higher muzzle velocity, a sufficiently high voltage is applied to the contact pin 53 from a weapon-side voltage source. In this way, both partial propellant charges 20 and 30 are ignited.

Die Anordnung nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von derjenigen nach Fig. 1 im wesentlichen durch Austrittsöffnungen 23' zugeordnete Verschlußelemente 24.The arrangement according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 essentially by closure elements 24 assigned to outlet openings 23 '.

Bei der Anordnung nach Fig. 3 ist die weitere Teiltreibladung 30 am Boden 62 des Geschosses 60 befestigt. Wird nur die erste Teiltreibladung 20 angezündet, verläßt die nicht angezündete Teiltreibladung 30 mit dem Geschoß 60 das Waffenrohr. Bei Anzündung beider Teiltreibladungen 20 und 30 verbleibt das ausgebrannte Gehäuse 32 am Geschoßboden 62. Bei einem nicht dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel befindet sich die Teiltreibladung 30 mit ihrem Gehäuse 32 im Boden 62 des Geschosses 60.In the arrangement according to FIG. 3, the further partial propellant charge 30 is attached to the floor 62 of the floor 60. If only the first partial propellant charge 20 lit, the non-ignited propellant charge 30 leaves the weapon barrel with the projectile 60. When both partial propellant charges 20 and 30 are ignited, the burned-out housing 32 remains on the floor 62. In an exemplary embodiment not shown, the partial propellant 30 with its housing 32 is located in the base 62 of the projectile 60.

Soll die erste Teiltreibladung mechanisch angezündet werden, befindet sie sich in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft der Anzündeinrichtung 50. Zum Anzünden der weiteren Teiltreibladung 30 muß abfeuerngsweise eine Anzündspannung angelegt werden.If the first partial propellant charge is to be ignited mechanically, it is located in the immediate vicinity of the ignition device 50. In order to ignite the further partial propellant charge 30, an ignition voltage must be applied to the fire.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung ist die Anpaßbarkeit der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit an jeweilige Gegebenheiten. Hieraus wird deutlich, daß außer den Teiltreibladungen 20 und 30 noch weitere Teiltreibladungen vorhanden sein können. Vorteilhafterweise braucht an der Munition zur Wahl der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit keine Manipulation vorgenommen zu werden. Die Wahl kann außerdem getroffen werden, wenn sich die Munitionseinheit bereits im Ladungsraum befindet und ein Verschluß verriegelt ist.

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
 The advantage of the invention is the adaptability of the muzzle velocity to the particular circumstances. From this it is clear that, in addition to the partial propellant charges 20 and 30, there may be other partial propellant charges. Advantageously, there is no need to manipulate the ammunition to select the muzzle velocity. The choice can also be made if the ammunition unit is already in the cargo area and a lock is locked.
Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002

Claims (7)

1. Cartridged ammunition, particularly for firing at high-trajectories, and having a propulsive charge (10) subdivided into a first propulsive charge (20) and a further propulsive charge (30), wherein the operative connection (25) between an ignition device (50) on the ammunition side and the first propulsive charge (20) is preselected and the operative connection (35) between the ignition device (50) and the further propulsive charge is optionally producible in accordance with the firing and as preselected, characterized by the fact that an operative connection (25, 35) between the single ignition device (50) and the two or more part propulsive charges (20, 30) is effected by electrical conduction and that in the event of electrical ignition each of the conductors (35) allocated to the propulsive charges (20, 30) or only to the further propulsive charges has in each case a greater resistance than a conductor (35) allocated to the particular propulsive charge preceding it.
2. Ammunition in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by the fact that in the case of more than two part propulsive charges the first part propulsive charge (20) can be detonated by mechanical means.
3. Ammunition in accordance with Claim 1 or 2, characterized by the following features :
a) there is a housing (22, 32) associated with each part propulsive charge (20, 30) respectively,
b) each housing (22, 32) has at least one outlet aperture (23, 33),
c) at least the outlet apertures (33) in the housing (32) of the further part propulsive charge(s) (30) are closed in a pressure-proof manner and are only opened on ignition of the relevant part propulsive charge(s) (30) and as a result of the internal pressure then occurring.
4. Ammunition in accordance with Claim 3, characterized by a closure element (24, 34) for the outlet apertures (23, 33) respectively.
5. Ammunition in accordance with Claim 4, characterized by the fact that the closure element (24, 34), after the ignition, remains firmly connected with the housing (22, 32).
6. Ammunition in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that one of the part propulsive charges (20, 30) is positioned on the base (62) of the projectile (60).
7. Ammunition in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that at least one of the part propulsive charges (20, 30) is firmly connected to the ignition device (50).
EP83111589A 1982-12-14 1983-11-19 Gun ammunition, especially for high trajectory firing Expired EP0111195B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3246173 1982-12-14
DE19823246173 DE3246173A1 (en) 1982-12-14 1982-12-14 AMMUNITION, ESPECIALLY FOR STEAP FIRE

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0111195A2 EP0111195A2 (en) 1984-06-20
EP0111195A3 EP0111195A3 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0111195B1 true EP0111195B1 (en) 1987-09-09

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US (1) US4619202A (en)
EP (1) EP0111195B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59109796A (en)
AU (1) AU568520B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1210276A (en)
DE (2) DE3246173A1 (en)
ES (1) ES8405511A2 (en)

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US3003419A (en) * 1960-06-06 1961-10-10 Mimx Corp Rod-type pyrogenic igniter
US3177809A (en) * 1962-07-24 1965-04-13 Budd Co Semi-fixed artillery round
FR1372175A (en) * 1963-10-08 1964-09-11 Method and device for obtaining a variable initial speed with a muzzle
US3283719A (en) * 1965-06-03 1966-11-08 Andrew J Grandy Multiple purpose ammunition
GB1151156A (en) * 1966-03-08 1969-05-07 Inst Przemyslu Organiczneto Delayed Action Electrical Detonator Sets.
US3773353A (en) * 1972-09-05 1973-11-20 Olin Corp Inflating device for use with vehicle safety systems
SE416843B (en) * 1977-04-19 1981-02-09 Bofors Ab ELTENDDON WITH ELECTRIC WIRING CIRCUIT

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES526102A0 (en) 1984-06-16
EP0111195A2 (en) 1984-06-20
AU2214283A (en) 1984-06-21
US4619202A (en) 1986-10-28
EP0111195A3 (en) 1985-05-15
DE3373533D1 (en) 1987-10-15
ES8405511A2 (en) 1984-06-16
JPS59109796A (en) 1984-06-25
DE3246173A1 (en) 1984-06-14
CA1210276A (en) 1986-08-26
AU568520B2 (en) 1988-01-07
JPH0215794B2 (en) 1990-04-13

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