EP0110865A2 - Agencement pour surveiller le degré de défectuosité par fatigue du matériel dans la construction, les transports et les machines - Google Patents

Agencement pour surveiller le degré de défectuosité par fatigue du matériel dans la construction, les transports et les machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0110865A2
EP0110865A2 EP83890189A EP83890189A EP0110865A2 EP 0110865 A2 EP0110865 A2 EP 0110865A2 EP 83890189 A EP83890189 A EP 83890189A EP 83890189 A EP83890189 A EP 83890189A EP 0110865 A2 EP0110865 A2 EP 0110865A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microprocessor
degree
arrangement
damage
analog
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83890189A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0110865A3 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Fischer
Franz G. Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Rammerstorfer
Hermann Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Sattler
Günter Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Gidl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine AG
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Voestalpine AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine AG filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0110865A2 publication Critical patent/EP0110865A2/fr
Publication of EP0110865A3 publication Critical patent/EP0110865A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C3/00—Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for monitoring the degree of damage caused by material fatigue in buildings, vehicles, machines and the like. With electrical sensors attached to critical points, in particular force, strain or displacement transducers, which have a registration and / or display device are connected.
  • the Wöhler diagram is used in the field of material testing. In this diagram, the value pairs of the stress level and the associated number of breaking load cycles determined in creep tests are shown graphically as a Wöhler curve. Depending on the selected coordinate scales, there are different display modes.
  • a common representation is the semi-logarithmic representation, in which the voltage deflection is plotted on the ordinate axis on a linear scale and the number of load cycles on the abscissa axis is plotted on a logarithmic scale.
  • the Wöhler line can be represented as a falling straight line in the fatigue strength range and as a parallel axis in the fatigue strength range.
  • the limit load cycle number at the transition of the two Branches of the curve are generally clearly recognizable.
  • the so-called damage line can be drawn between the Wöhler line of the fatigue strength area, which is extended parallel to the abscissa in the fatigue strength range (small number of load cycles), with a line of fatigue strength with permanent damage lying between the Wöhler line of the fatigue strength area and the damage line Between the damage line and the abscissa parallel there is a range of fatigue strength without damage.
  • the invention aims to avoid the recurring visual inspection of a plurality of individual surveillance points, and centralized surveillance of entire structures, vehicles, machines and the like. to enable, each a variety in terms of material fatigue can have critical individual components or points, whereby cumulative effects of loads at the individual critical points and mutual interactions of the loads at different points in different directions of a coherent construction are to be taken into account.
  • critical individual components or points whereby cumulative effects of loads at the individual critical points and mutual interactions of the loads at different points in different directions of a coherent construction are to be taken into account.
  • visual inspection of critical points is not possible without destruction or without time-consuming and costly dismantling.
  • the above-mentioned mechanical monitoring with the notched test strip is also only possible in accessible places with sufficient space to attach the damage indicator. With the device presented here, however, localized small critical areas or internal components that are inaccessible without dismantling can also be easily monitored.
  • the invention essentially consists in an arrangement of the type specified at the outset that the registration and / or display device is connected to an evaluation circuit in which a cumulative load signal is formed by processing or linking the signals emitted by the individual sensors , stored and a degree of damage is determined and continuously compared with a predetermined permissible degree of damage, if exceeded, a warning signal is triggered.
  • a counter or a summing memory is expedient in the arrangement for forming and storing the cumulative load signal from measured extreme values of the load intended.
  • each sensor is connected via a preamplifier and a sample / hold circuit to an input of an analog signal multiplexer, the output of which is connected to the input of an analog-digital converter, the output of which communicates with a microprocessor with associated program and working memories that a sequence control circuit equipped with a clock generator is provided in the microprocessor or separately from it and with control or clock inputs of the sample / hold circuits, the analog signal multiplexer, the analog-digital -Converters and possibly the microprocessor is connected and that input devices, for example a keyboard, and output devices, for example a printer or an alphanumeric display device, are connected to the microprocessor via an interface circuit.
  • the Ahtast- / Halt circuit assigned to each sensor ensures that, despite the joint further processing of all sensor signals, the signals occurring at corresponding times are correctly linked to one another can, and by combining the various sensor signals via a multiplexer on a single line, the circuit is significantly simplified because only a single analog-to-digital converter is required for all signals.
  • the signals are processed in the microprocessor according to a predetermined program, with the possibility being given of making changes, entering additional data and calling up individual results or an overall result via an input device.
  • the arrangement is expediently such that in the signal path between the analog-digital converter and the microprocessor, a circuit arrangement having a comparator for extreme value evaluation and a circuit downstream thereof Buffer memories are provided for measured values, the control or clock inputs of which are connected to the sequence control circuit. In this way, the further processing of the signals in the microprocessor is simplified because the extreme values previously determined are supplied to it.
  • FIG. 1 generally shows the course of a mechanical tension over time and measured values of this tension to be recorded; 2a, b and c show some characteristic voltage profiles over time; 3 shows the time course of an electrical signal corresponding to a mechanical load to be processed by the arrangement according to the invention; 4 shows a Wöhler line; 5 shows a fatigue strength diagram according to Haigh, and FIG. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
  • the invention is capable of handling all of these types of stress. Multi-axis loads can also be recorded.
  • FIG. 3 A load which has already been converted into an electrical time-dependent signal by a sensor and which frequently occurs in connection with machines is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the load occurs in the form of vibration packets, between which a pause of 500 ms is assumed in the example shown.
  • the maximum oscillation frequency that can be evaluated by the preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is in the order of 1 kHz, and 50 oscillations can be evaluated per oscillation packet, the extreme values marked with a point being stored as measured values in the buffer memory.
  • Fig. 4 shows a Wöhler line in double logarithmic representation.
  • the Wehler line is composed approximately of a falling line and a straight line running parallel to the load cycle axis.
  • the acute angle between the ordinate axis and the falling line is arctg a, where a is the Wöhler exponent.
  • Fig. 5 shows the fatigue strength diagram according to Haigh. This is matched to the voltage deflection, which results as an ordinate section above the medium voltage ⁇ m up to the limit line.
  • sensors 1 are attached, which are formed, for example, by strain gauges.
  • Each sensor 1 has its own preamplifier 2, for example an electrometer amplifier, with an associated sample / hold circuit 3 connected.
  • preamplifier 2 for example an electrometer amplifier
  • sample / hold circuit 3 connected to the inputs of a multiplexer 4, from which the measured values temporarily stored in the sample / hold circuits are cyclically queried and successively passed on to an analog-to-digital converter 5.
  • a single analog-to-digital converter is sufficient within certain limits regardless of the number of available measuring points.
  • the analog-digital converter 5 is followed by a circuit arrangement 6 having a comparator for extreme value evaluation, and this is followed by a buffer memory 7 for the measured values.
  • the extreme values now available in digital form from the individual measuring points are fed to a microprocessor 8 for linking and evaluation, which can be in the form of a single-chip microcomputer.
  • a program memory 9 (EPROM) and a working memory 10 (RAM) are assigned to the microprocessor 8.
  • a sequence control circuit 11 supplies the sample / hold circuits 3, the analog signal multiplexer 4, the analog-to-digital converter 5, the circuit arrangement 6 for extreme value evaluation, the buffer memory 7 and the microprocessor 8 with clock signals for an orderly working, whereby among other things also one clear assignment of the processed measured values to the individual measuring points is made possible.
  • the circuit arrangement 6 the digitized signals in the comparator for digital signals with the last measured value compared from the buffer memory 7. If an extreme value is determined, this measured value is stored in the buffer memory.
  • the comparator and the buffer memory process or contain the measured values of all sensors, the sequence control circuit 11 taking over the organization of the memory addressing. In the course of a measurement series, only the extreme values of the measurement signals and the last measured value of the signals are available in the buffer memory 7.
  • the buffer memory 7 is organized as a multiple circulation memory, for example as a quadruple circulation memory, with two independent addressing pointers (addressing location).
  • the data are read in via pointer 1.
  • the microprocessor 8 has access to this buffer memory 7 via pointer 2 and can read out the data for calculation processes. This results in a temporal decoupling of the processes of measured value acquisition and calculation and thereby an increase in the processing speed of the overall system.
  • the operation of the microprocessor 8, and the output of the results takes place via a angromee thereto programmable input / output interface circuit 14, zei g on the one hand via a drive electronics 15, a display device 16, such as a liquid crystal or Leuchtdiodenan- e, and on the other hand
  • a keyboard 18 is connected via driver electronics 17.
  • application-specific parameters can be entered via the keyboard 18.
  • the calculation result of the microprocessor 8, namely the degree of damage to the monitored component, is displayed directly on the display device 16.
  • the vibrations can have a maximum frequency of approximately 1 kHz, the time between two successive oscillation packets being more than approximately 0.5 s.
  • the can Signals from 2 to 4 measuring points can be processed together. It is foreseeable that with the advancement of electronics higher frequencies or shorter times and simultaneously several measuring points can be processed.
  • the arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to forecast the current remaining service life of components and structures in operation for which the load-time history cannot be predicted exactly, ie is not deterministic.
  • Preferred fields of application are bridge components, crane components, structural members of aircraft, ships and Landfahrzeu g en, power plant components, rolling mill drives, etc., with a damage-accumulation factor is calculated from, for example, a measure of the strain in exposed areas or in the vicinity thereof representing signals.
  • a forecast calculation can be made for the remaining life of the component on the assumption that the load history will continue to behave in the future as in a defined time period to be defined.
  • the damage accumulation factor or the current remaining service life can be output continuously or on demand and, if necessary, can be forwarded via wire or radio to a remote monitoring point.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
EP83890189A 1982-10-29 1983-10-24 Agencement pour surveiller le degré de défectuosité par fatigue du matériel dans la construction, les transports et les machines Withdrawn EP0110865A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT3976/82 1982-10-29
AT397682A AT387464B (de) 1982-10-29 1982-10-29 Anordnung zur ueberwachung des schaedigungsgrades durch materialermuedung bei bauwerken, fahrzeugen, maschinen u.dgl.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0110865A2 true EP0110865A2 (fr) 1984-06-13
EP0110865A3 EP0110865A3 (fr) 1985-11-21

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EP83890189A Withdrawn EP0110865A3 (fr) 1982-10-29 1983-10-24 Agencement pour surveiller le degré de défectuosité par fatigue du matériel dans la construction, les transports et les machines

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EP (1) EP0110865A3 (fr)
AT (1) AT387464B (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2597189A1 (fr) * 1986-04-15 1987-10-16 Tlv Co Ltd Dispositif d'evaluation du fonctionnement d'un purgeur de vapeur
DE4334472A1 (de) * 1992-10-12 1994-04-14 Rieter Ag Maschf Maschinenüberwachungssystem
WO1994017496A1 (fr) * 1993-01-19 1994-08-04 Grapha-Holding Ag Procede permettant de surveiller et/ou de detecter les modifications, dues a une sollicitation, de l'etat de fonctionnement d'une machine motrice electrique
WO2002008720A1 (fr) * 2000-07-20 2002-01-31 Volvo Articulated Haulers Ab Procede d'estimation de l'endommagement d'un objet, et procede et systeme de commande d'utilisation de cet objet
EP1653050A1 (fr) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour déterminer une valeur caractéristique réfléchissant l'état de fatigue d'un composant
WO2006111360A1 (fr) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-26 Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh Procede d'evaluation de valeurs mesurees pour detecteur la fatigue d'un materiau
WO2014124621A1 (fr) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-21 Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe Unité de contrôle pour objet volant
US9139194B2 (en) 2013-01-09 2015-09-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Hybrid powertrain input torque management

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4184205A (en) * 1977-11-25 1980-01-15 Ird Mechanalysis, Inc. Data acquisition system
US4215412A (en) * 1978-07-13 1980-07-29 The Boeing Company Real time performance monitoring of gas turbine engines

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2931332A1 (de) * 1979-08-02 1981-02-26 Mfl Pruef Messyst Gmbh Verfahren ueber ein optoelektronisches messystem fuer werkstoffpruefmaschinen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4184205A (en) * 1977-11-25 1980-01-15 Ird Mechanalysis, Inc. Data acquisition system
US4215412A (en) * 1978-07-13 1980-07-29 The Boeing Company Real time performance monitoring of gas turbine engines

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROSYSTEMS, Band 4, Nr. 7, September 1980, Seiten 263-266, IPC Business Press, London, GB; I. WHITWORTH u.a.: " Fatigue damage monitoring" *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1001150A3 (nl) * 1986-04-15 1989-08-01 Tlv Co Ltd Inrichting voor het bewaken van de werking van een condenspot.
FR2597189A1 (fr) * 1986-04-15 1987-10-16 Tlv Co Ltd Dispositif d'evaluation du fonctionnement d'un purgeur de vapeur
DE4334472A1 (de) * 1992-10-12 1994-04-14 Rieter Ag Maschf Maschinenüberwachungssystem
WO1994017496A1 (fr) * 1993-01-19 1994-08-04 Grapha-Holding Ag Procede permettant de surveiller et/ou de detecter les modifications, dues a une sollicitation, de l'etat de fonctionnement d'une machine motrice electrique
US5659468A (en) * 1993-01-19 1997-08-19 Grapha-Holding Ag Process for monitoring and/or detecting changes under load of the operating state of an electrical power machine
WO2002008720A1 (fr) * 2000-07-20 2002-01-31 Volvo Articulated Haulers Ab Procede d'estimation de l'endommagement d'un objet, et procede et systeme de commande d'utilisation de cet objet
US7433802B2 (en) 2000-07-20 2008-10-07 Volvo Articulated Haulers Ab Method for estimating damage to an object, and method and system for controlling the use of the object
US7712376B2 (en) 2004-10-29 2010-05-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft-Muenchen Method for determining a parameter characteristic of the fatigue state of a part
EP1653050A1 (fr) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour déterminer une valeur caractéristique réfléchissant l'état de fatigue d'un composant
WO2006045811A1 (fr) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede pour determiner une valeur caracteristique de l'etat de fatigue d'un composant
WO2006111360A1 (fr) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-26 Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh Procede d'evaluation de valeurs mesurees pour detecteur la fatigue d'un materiau
US7930112B2 (en) 2005-04-20 2011-04-19 Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh Method for evaluating measured values for identifying a material fatigue
DE102005018123B4 (de) * 2005-04-20 2016-10-20 Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Bewertung von Messwerten zur Erkennung einer Materialermüdung
US9139194B2 (en) 2013-01-09 2015-09-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Hybrid powertrain input torque management
DE102014100037B4 (de) 2013-01-09 2019-02-14 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) Verfahren zum Steuern eines Antriebsstrangs mit einem Hybridgetriebe
WO2014124621A1 (fr) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-21 Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe Unité de contrôle pour objet volant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT387464B (de) 1989-01-25
EP0110865A3 (fr) 1985-11-21
ATA397682A (de) 1988-06-15

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Inventor name: SATTLER, HERMANN, DIPL.-ING. DR.

Inventor name: RAMMERSTORFER, FRANZ G., PROF. DIPL.-ING. DR.

Inventor name: FISCHER, DIETER, PROF. DIPL.-ING. DR.

Inventor name: GIDL, GUENTER, DIPL.-ING. DR.