EP0110373B1 - Roof, wall or floor structure - Google Patents
Roof, wall or floor structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0110373B1 EP0110373B1 EP83111944A EP83111944A EP0110373B1 EP 0110373 B1 EP0110373 B1 EP 0110373B1 EP 83111944 A EP83111944 A EP 83111944A EP 83111944 A EP83111944 A EP 83111944A EP 0110373 B1 EP0110373 B1 EP 0110373B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- purlin
- web
- structure according
- flanges
- cleat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/14—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or girders laid in two directions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
- E04B7/022—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of a plurality of parallel similar trusses or portal frames
- E04B7/024—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of a plurality of parallel similar trusses or portal frames the trusses or frames supporting load-bearing purlins, e.g. braced purlins
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2448—Connections between open section profiles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B2001/249—Structures with a sloping roof
Definitions
- This invention relates to a roof, wall or floor structure comprising at least two structural members and a purlin extending between the structural members and connected thereto by cleats, one fixed to each of said two structural members.
- the structural members comprise rafters, columns or beams, respectively, depending upon whether the structure is a roof, wall or floor structure.
- the purlins usually support an outer roof or wall cladding such as asbestos or metal sheets or flooring sheets of any conventional material.
- GB-A-1,487,244 discloses a structure comprising at least two structural members and a purlin supported by and extending between the structural members and connected thereto by cleats, one fixed to each of said two structural members, wherein the purlin comprises a cold rolled section having a pair of spaced side-by-side generally parallel opposed flanges, each having an inturned lip at one edge and the flanges being interconnected by a web part at their other edges, the web part comprising a median portion perpendicular to the flanges and connected by inclined portions to edge portions of the web which are connected to the flanges to extend perpendicular thereto.
- the purlins used in such structures by virtue of their shape are subject to forces having a component which extends parallel to the structural members and which tends to cause the purlins to rotate about a longitudinally extending axis and consequently such known purlins have to be designed to withstand such forces, and as a result the cost of a structure has been determined by the need to provide purlins of necessary dimensions and mass.
- GB-A-1562688 discloses a purlin per se in which the median portion of the web part is disposed intermediate the one and other edges of the flanges and is offset from the edge portions of the web part which are disposed at said other edges of the flanges.
- An object of the invention is to provide a structure which is more economical to produce than that described in GB-A-1,487,244.
- this aim is achieved by virtue that the median portion of the web part is disposed intermediate the one and other edges of the flanges and is offset from the edge portions of the web part which are disposed at said other edges of the flanges, the cleats have a stiffness imparting configuration and extend between and overlie the edge web portions and the purlin is connected to the cleats by fasteners engaged with the edge web portions of the purlin.
- the present invention achieves the above stated aim because the purlin, cleat and fastener configuration according to the invention permits of a purlin comprising a cold rolled section incorporating less material than has been necessary hitherto to achieve the necessary strength.
- the purlin configuration is, itself, less susceptible to rotation than many known purlin configurations since the shear centre is within the overall envelope of the purlin which is to be contrasted with the position of the shear centre in a conventional channel section purlin and the tendency of a Z-section purlin to rotate about its longitudinal axis.
- the purlin may be disposed with the web part extending transversely away from the structural member and the web part may be perpendicular to the adjacent surface of the structural member.
- the inner flange of the purlin i.e. that closest to the structural member may be spaced from the adjacent surface of the structural member to avoid premature failure by squashing of the purlin between the cleat and structural member.
- the purlin may be provided with a stiffener comprising a member adapted to interfit with the inner edge web portion, flange and lip to reinforce the inner connection between the purlin and cleat.
- the cleat may be of the same configuration as the purlin but without flange or may be the same as the purlin except for the median web portion which may be wider or narrower than that of the purlin.
- the cleat may be fixed to the structural member by welding.
- the cleat may be generally L-shaped, one limb being connected to the structural member by fasteners and the other limb being connected to the purlin.
- Longitudinally adjacent purlins may be connected together by a connecting member of a configuration to conform to at least the web part of the purlins and fastened to the web parts so as to span between the adjacent purlins.
- the connecting member may be fastened to the edge web parts of the purlins.
- the connecting member may have a flange to conform to and engage below the inner flanges of the purlins.
- the fasteners may be bolts, both for the cleat to purlin connection and for the cleat to structural member connection.
- the purlin may have dimensions in accordance with the following range:
- a roof structure embodying the invention comprises a plurality of spaced parallel structural members comprising rafters 10 supported, in conventional manner, on uprights (not shown).
- the rafters 10 may be of any desired appropriate section, but in the example illustrated are of I-section and support their upper surface 11 a plurality of spaced parallel purlins which extend at right angles to the rafters 10.
- One such purlin is illustrated at 12 in Figures 1 and 2.
- Each purlin 12 is connected to its associated rafter 10 by a cleat 13 which, in the example illustrated, is welded, as indicated at 14 to the upper surface 11 of the rafter 10.
- the purlins 12 support an outer roof cladding (not shown) of conventional form, for example, asbestos or metal cladding sheets.
- the purlin 12 is made of cold rolled steel and comprises a pair of spaced side-by-side parallel opposed flanges 15a, 15b each having an inturned lip 16a, 16b at one edge which extend perpendicular to their associated flange, and the flanges being interconnected at their other edges by a web part 17 which comprises a median portion 18 perpendicular to the flanges and connected by inclined portions 19a, 19b to edge portions 20a, 20b of the web part which are connected to the flanges to extend perpendicular thereto.
- the edge portions 20a, 20b are disposed intermediate the one and other edges of the flanges 15a, 15b and are offset from the edge portions 20a, 20b which are disposed at said outer edges of the flanges 15a, 15b.
- the purlin may have other dimensions such as those set out in Columns A-J in the above table and it will be seen that each of the purlins of Columns A to J may be made in material of any one of a number of specific thicknesses as may be the purlin illustrated.
- the dimensions of the inclined web portions, edge web portions and the angle of inclination of the inclined web portions to the remainder of the web portions is identical for all of the range of sections. Furthermore, there are five sections with a flange width of 70 mm, four sections with a flange width of 56 mm and all these have a lip height of 14 mm. There is also a section with a flange width of 100 mm and lip height of 20 mm.
- the section may have any desired dimensions lying within the following range of dimensions:
- the cleat 13 in the example illustrated is made of material having the same configuration as that set out in Column J of the above table but without the flanges and, of course, inturned lips.
- the cleat may be made using the same rolling equipment as is used to make the purlins.
- the cleat 13 is welded to the rafter 10 and the purlin is secured to the cleat by four bolts 21 of 12 mm diameter which pass through apertures 26 in the edge web portions 20a, 20b of the purlin and apertures 27 in the corresponding portions of the cleat.
- a bolt check washer is provided as indicated at 22a, 22b. The check washer may be fitted under either the head of the bolt, as indicated at 22a, or under the nut as indicated at 22b.
- the check washers are of identical configuration having a main part 23 through which the shank of the bolt extends and a lip 24 extending perpendicular to the main part 23 to engage a flat on the head or the nut, and an inclined part 25 to engage an inclined portion 19a, 19b of the purlin, or a corresponding inclined portion of the cleat, depending upon whether the check washer is engaged under the head or the nut of the bolt.
- any other suitable fastener may be used instead of bolts 21.
- the inner flange 15b ofthe purlin is spaced from the rafter 10 by about 10 mm in the example illustrated, so that in the event of any distortion of the cleat the purlin is not squashed between the cleat and rafter.
- Tests have been performed on the example illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 compared with other fastening configurations and other purlin shapes and the results of these tests are indicated in diagrammatic form in Figures 5 and 6 where Test 1 is a test of a purlin to rafter connection, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, and the remaining tests are of connections having the configurations illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. It will be seen that the results obtained in Test 1 compared with the other tests is surprisingly good.
- a connecting member having the same configuration as the purlins, but without flanges, is provided, as illustrated at 30 in Figure 3.
- the connecting member 30 is provided with eight apertures for bolted connections, four of the apertures, indicated at 31, being used to accommodate bolts corresponding to the bolts 21 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, and the apertures 32 being provided to accommodate further bolts (not shown) passing through apertures 33 in the edge web portions 20a, 20b of the purlin.
- Figure 4 is a diagrammatic illustration at (a) and (b) respectively of the cross-sections of the purlin 12 and cleat 13 in Figures 1 to 3 and at (c) the connecting member 30 in Figure 3, as well as at (a) a stiffener 34 which is dimensioned to nest and interengage with the lower edge web portion, flange and upturned lip and through which the inner bolts 21 extend.
- connecting member 30a shown at (d) has a flange 35 which extends under the inner flange 15b of the purlin 12 to increase stiffness.
- the stiffener 34 may also be used with the connecting member 30a.
- the cleat of Applicant's invention in the example illustrated is of equivalent strength to a 12 mm thick plate and has deflection characteristics of an 18 mm thick plate and so ensures overall stability of the roofing structure without the addition of external restraints and with considerable economy in material.
- the invention may be embodied in a wall or floor structure.
- components corresponding to the rafters are disposed to provide columns whilst the purlins act as rails and components corresponding to the roofing sheets provide wall cladding which is typically vertical, whilst in the case of a floor structure components corresponding to the rafters are disposed to provide floor beams and whilst the purlins act as cross beams, components corresponding to the roofing sheets provide floor sheets.
- structural member is used herein to refer generically to a rafter, a column, or a floor beam and the term “purlin” is used herein to refer generically to a purlin proper, a wall rail or a floor cross beam.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83111944T ATE33690T1 (de) | 1982-12-03 | 1983-11-29 | Dach-, wand- oder bodenstruktur. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8234640 | 1982-12-03 | ||
GB8234640 | 1982-12-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0110373A1 EP0110373A1 (en) | 1984-06-13 |
EP0110373B1 true EP0110373B1 (en) | 1988-04-20 |
Family
ID=10534746
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83111944A Expired EP0110373B1 (en) | 1982-12-03 | 1983-11-29 | Roof, wall or floor structure |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0110373B1 (da) |
AT (1) | ATE33690T1 (da) |
DE (1) | DE3376344D1 (da) |
DK (1) | DK556383A (da) |
GB (1) | GB2131467B (da) |
IE (1) | IE54826B1 (da) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3809046A1 (de) * | 1988-03-18 | 1989-09-28 | Hoesch Stahl Ag | Traeger aus stahlblech |
DE3829719A1 (de) * | 1988-09-01 | 1990-03-15 | Krupp Stahl Kaltform | Kaltprofiltraeger |
AU631624B2 (en) * | 1989-04-11 | 1992-12-03 | Stramit Corporation Pty Limited | Purlin support assembly |
FR2658549B1 (fr) * | 1990-02-19 | 1996-09-06 | Ravoyard Kit 2000 Sa Ets | Profile de charpente en tole pliee, couverture de batiment comportant de tels profiles, et son procede de montage. |
GB2247033A (en) * | 1990-08-03 | 1992-02-19 | Ward Building Systems Ltd | Elongate cold-formed structural member, e.g. a purlin |
GB9200456D0 (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1992-02-26 | Ward Building Systems Ltd | Structural connection |
DE4301475A1 (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-08-19 | Krupp Stahl Kaltform | Building structure separating rooms one above the other - has cold-rolled profiled girders forming auxiliary ceiling of heat-section open towards main ceiling with flanges converging and then at right angles to it |
AUPN088395A0 (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1995-02-23 | Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, The | Structural member |
CH691394A5 (de) * | 1996-04-12 | 2001-07-13 | Comparo Ag | Wohnhaus. |
SE9904864D0 (sv) * | 1999-12-30 | 1999-12-30 | Plannja Ab | Väggregel av vikt tunnplåt |
FR2833683B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-14 | 2006-12-01 | Placoplatre Sa | Dispositif de liaison et ensemble de deux tels dispositifs pour profiles a section en omega |
EP1344876A3 (de) * | 2002-03-14 | 2004-04-14 | Wuppermann Staba GmbH | Pfette und Pfettenhalter |
CN102605899A (zh) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-25 | 陈银华 | 一种钢结构房子的型材 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3714752A (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1973-02-06 | Steel Corp | Reinforcing and supporting saddle for c-shaped sheet-metal beams |
AU484884B2 (en) * | 1973-07-18 | 1976-01-22 | Monier Ltd. | METAL PURLINS AND GIRTS nied bya Provisional Specification |
FR2247597B1 (da) * | 1973-10-12 | 1978-03-24 | Vallourec | |
GB1562688A (en) * | 1975-11-13 | 1980-03-12 | Ward Bros Ltd | Lightweight buildings |
GB2097038B (en) * | 1981-04-15 | 1985-03-20 | Ward Bros Sherburn Ltd | Cladding frame eg for roof or wall comprising restraining ties |
-
1983
- 1983-11-29 EP EP83111944A patent/EP0110373B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-11-29 AT AT83111944T patent/ATE33690T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-11-29 GB GB08331852A patent/GB2131467B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-11-29 DE DE8383111944T patent/DE3376344D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-12-02 IE IE2838/83A patent/IE54826B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-12-02 DK DK556383A patent/DK556383A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK556383A (da) | 1984-06-04 |
EP0110373A1 (en) | 1984-06-13 |
GB8331852D0 (en) | 1984-01-04 |
ATE33690T1 (de) | 1988-05-15 |
IE54826B1 (en) | 1990-02-14 |
IE832838L (en) | 1984-06-03 |
GB2131467B (en) | 1986-03-05 |
DK556383D0 (da) | 1983-12-02 |
GB2131467A (en) | 1984-06-20 |
DE3376344D1 (en) | 1988-05-26 |
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