EP0107135B1 - Bipolar electrode - Google Patents

Bipolar electrode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0107135B1
EP0107135B1 EP83110073A EP83110073A EP0107135B1 EP 0107135 B1 EP0107135 B1 EP 0107135B1 EP 83110073 A EP83110073 A EP 83110073A EP 83110073 A EP83110073 A EP 83110073A EP 0107135 B1 EP0107135 B1 EP 0107135B1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
steel
cathode
anode
titanium
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0107135A1 (en
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Peter Fabian
Waltraud Dipl.-Ing. Werdecker
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De Nora Deutschland GmbH
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Heraeus Elektroden GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections

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  • the invention relates to a bipolar electrode in the form of a flat plate for use in electrochemical processes with at least one anodic electrode part made of titanium, tantalum, zirconium, niobium or tungsten and a cathodic electrode part made of steel, the narrow sides of the two electrode parts being arranged between them plate-shaped intermediate piece are welded.
  • AT-PS 352 148 initially refers to the connection of incompatible materials, such as titanium and steel, by means of explosion welding, the disadvantage of which being the dissolution of the weld site due to titanium hydride formation after prolonged use as an electrode.
  • an electrolysis cell with flat, bipolar electrodes is known, arranged in the plate-shaped anodic electrode parts made of valve metal in one plane with plate-shaped cathodic electrode parts, for example made of steel, and by a weldable to both electrode materials, plate-shaped intermediate piece, for. B. of copper, are interconnected; the intermediate piece is intended to prevent the migration of hydrogen ions from the cathode part to the anode part.
  • the adapter is provided with a seal.
  • the electrolysis cell contains several separating elements with receiving openings or through openings for the electrodes.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a bipolar electrode of the type mentioned in the introduction, which is formed in one piece and from a combination of so-called incompatible materials.
  • incompatible materials such as B. titanium and steel or tantalum and steel
  • the bipolar electrode should have sufficient corrosion resistance to the electrolyte.
  • the bipolar electrode has an anodic electrode part 1 and a cathodic electrode part 2. Both are connected in one plane via an intermediate piece 3, as shown in the figures.
  • the intermediate piece 3 consists in its part 5 facing the anodic electrode part 1 made of anodic material and in its side 6 facing the cathodic electrode part 2 made of cathodic material. Both areas are separated by a boundary or butting surface 4, only visible from the outside as a line and the thickness of which essentially corresponds to the electrode parts.
  • the intermediate piece 3 designed as a composite body is arranged between the joints on the narrow sides of anodic electrode part 1 and cathodic electrode part 2, which face each other, and is connected to them by welding.
  • valve metals as are usually used for dimensionally stable anodes, namely titanium, tantalum, zirconium, niobium and as a further metal are suitable as the material of the anodic electrode part 1 Tungsten.
  • Such a base body of the anode material also has an electrically conductive surface made of, for example, a platinum metal, a platinum metal oxide or a conductive metal oxide or oxide mixture which is resistant to the anolyte.
  • Valve metals are metals that form non-conductive oxides that are resistant to the anolyte.
  • An expanded metal, mesh or grid anode is preferred because of the larger electrocatalytically active area and the good flow possibilities of the electrolyte.
  • the cathodic electrode part is perforated and made of flat sheet metal or plates; it consists of an electrically conductive substance resistant to the catholyte, such as steel, nickel, iron or alloys of these materials.
  • the surface of the cathode is advantageously coated with nickel or a nickel alloy or compound.
  • the composite body produced in this way has an intermetallic phase connection, with good fine grain of the materials and particularly high density, that is to say without defects such as hairline cracks and the like. This makes it possible. to achieve a good current flow and thus also low potential losses.
  • the hot isostatic pressing process was carried out in a known manner in a W.C. Heraeus GmbH, Hanau.
  • composite electrodes of the bipolar type can also be assembled from a multiplicity of anode and cathode parts assembled in pairs with intermediate pieces to form a one-piece flat, plate-shaped electrode.
  • the configuration of the electrode is only dependent on the size of the cell and the arrangement therein, as well as the desired electrolyte flow and the current supply and discharge lines.
  • the bipolar electrodes according to the invention can be used in electrochemical cells, in particular they are well suited for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of the alkali metal chlorides.
  • a bipolar electrode is not directly connected to the power supply, but one surface acts as an anode and the other as a cathode when the current flows through the cell. Brackets are suitable for the power supply, each connecting the same-pole parts of the electrodes.
  • the new bipolar electrodes can advantageously be arranged in the cell in such a way that a cathode region is opposite an anode region.
  • the direction of flow of the electrolytes can run between the plate-shaped electrodes along their planes or in each case through the perforation of the electrodes. There may be an electrolyte circulation between the inlet and outlet of the cell.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Cold Cathode And The Manufacture (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP83/00265 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 21, 1984 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 21, 1984 PCT Filed Oct. 8, 1983 PCT Pub. No. WO84/01789 PCT Pub. Date May 10, 1984.A bipolar electrode has plate-like anode and cathode parts. The anode and cathode parts are secured together, edge-to-edge, to form a single element in one plane by an intermediate connecting piece. The intermediate connecting piece itself is a composite element having parts of materials which are compatible with the respectively adjacent anode and cathode. The two parts of the composite element are joined together by hot isostatic pressure, explosion-plating or diffusion-welding into the composite body, the resultant composite body then permitting welding of the respective anode and cathode plates to the respective anode part and cathode part of the composite element or body.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine bipolare Elektrode in Form einer ebenen Platte zur Verwendung in elektrochemischen Prozessen mit wenigstens einem anodischen Elektrodenteil aus Titan, Tantal, Zirkonium, Niob oder Wolfram und einem kathodischen Elektrodenteil aus Stahl, wobei die beiden Elektrodenteile mit ihren Schmalseiten an ein zwischen ihnen angeordnetes plattenformiges Zwischenstück angeschweißt sind.The invention relates to a bipolar electrode in the form of a flat plate for use in electrochemical processes with at least one anodic electrode part made of titanium, tantalum, zirconium, niobium or tungsten and a cathodic electrode part made of steel, the narrow sides of the two electrode parts being arranged between them plate-shaped intermediate piece are welded.

Bisher wurde bei derartigen Elektrolysezellen vor allem zwei Lösungen favorisiert:

  • a) Anoden- und Kathodenteil bestehen beide aus dem gleichen Material und das Anodenteil weist einen elektrokatalytischen aktiven Überzug auf oder beide Elektrodenteile bestehen aus Legierungen mit gleichen Hauptbestandteilen (vergleiche zum Beispiels DE-AS 24 35 185):
  • b) Anode und Kathode liegen parallel und im Abstand zueinander und sind über Rückenplatten aus Metallstreifen miteinander verbunden (vergleiche DE-OS 26 56 110). Eine ähnliche Anordnung ist auch in der AT-PS 352 148 beschrieben, wobei zwischen Anodenteil und Kathodenteil der Elektrode ein Verbundteil zur elektrischen und baulichen Verbindung des Anoden- und Kathodenteils der bipolaren Elektrode angeordnet ist; das Verbundteil weist dabei einen anodenseitigen Abschnitt aus dem Material des Anodenteils auf, während der kathodenseitige Abschnitt des Verbundteils aus dem Material des Kathodenteils besteht. Es wird durch Bolzen aus elektrisch leitendem, für Wasserstoffionen undurchlässigem Material, wie Kupfer, zusammengehalten, wobei das Verbundteil zwischen einem anodenseitigen und einem kathodenseitigen Blech angeordnet und gegenüber dem Elektrolytraum abgeschirmt ist. Zwischen den beiden Abschnitten des Verbundteils ist eine Zwischenschicht aus einem gegen die Wanderung von Wasserstoffionen beständigem und für atomaren Wasserstoff undurchlässigen Metalle wie Kupfer, Gold, Zinn, Blei, Nickel, Kadmium oder einer entsprechende Legierung angeordnet.
So far, two solutions have been favored for such electrolysis cells:
  • a) Anode and cathode parts both consist of the same material and the anode part has an electrocatalytic active coating or both electrode parts consist of alloys with the same main components (see for example DE-AS 24 35 185):
  • b) Anode and cathode are parallel and at a distance from one another and are connected to one another via back plates made of metal strips (compare DE-OS 26 56 110). A similar arrangement is also described in AT-PS 352 148, wherein a composite part for the electrical and structural connection of the anode and cathode parts of the bipolar electrode is arranged between the anode part and the cathode part of the electrode; the composite part has an anode-side section made of the material of the anode part, while the cathode-side section of the composite part consists of the material of the cathode part. It is held together by bolts made of an electrically conductive material, such as copper, which is impermeable to hydrogen ions, the composite part being arranged between a sheet on the anode side and a sheet on the cathode side and being shielded from the electrolyte space. Between the two sections of the composite part there is an intermediate layer made of a metal resistant to the migration of hydrogen ions and impermeable to atomic hydrogen, such as copper, gold, tin, lead, nickel, cadmium or a corresponding alloy.

In der AT-PS 352 148 wird eingangs auf die Verbindung unverträglicher Materialien, wie Titan und Stahl, durch Explosionsverschweißung hingewiesen, wobei als Nachteil die Auflösung der Schweißstelle durch Titanhydridbildung nach längerer Verwendung als Elektrode angeführt wird.AT-PS 352 148 initially refers to the connection of incompatible materials, such as titanium and steel, by means of explosion welding, the disadvantage of which being the dissolution of the weld site due to titanium hydride formation after prolonged use as an electrode.

Aus der US-PS 4108 756 ist eine Elektrolysezelle mit ebenen, bipolaren Elektroden bekannt, bei der plattenförmige anodische Elektrodenteile aus Ventilmetall in einer Ebene mit plattenförmigen kathodischen Elektrodenteilen, beispielsweise aus Stahl, angeordnet und durch ein an beide Elektrodenmaterialien anschweißbares, plattenförmiges Zwischenstück, z. B. aus Kupfer, miteinander verbunden sind; das Zwischenstück soll die Wasserstoffionenwanderung vom Kathodenteil zum Anodenteil verhindern. Zum Schutz gegen Korrosion durch den Elektrolyten ist das Zwischenstück mit einer Abdichtung versehen. Die Elektrolysezelle enthält mehrer Trennelemente mit Aufnahmeöffnungen bzw. Durchgangsöffnungen für die Elektroden.From US-PS 4108 756 an electrolysis cell with flat, bipolar electrodes is known, arranged in the plate-shaped anodic electrode parts made of valve metal in one plane with plate-shaped cathodic electrode parts, for example made of steel, and by a weldable to both electrode materials, plate-shaped intermediate piece, for. B. of copper, are interconnected; the intermediate piece is intended to prevent the migration of hydrogen ions from the cathode part to the anode part. To protect against corrosion by the electrolyte, the adapter is provided with a seal. The electrolysis cell contains several separating elements with receiving openings or through openings for the electrodes.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine bipolare Elektrode der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die einstückig ausgebildet ist und aus einer Verbindung sogenannter unverträglicher Materialien. wie z. B. Titan und Stahl oder Tantal und Stahl, besteht, wobei die bipolare Elektrode eine ausreichende Korrosionsbeständigkeit gegenüber dem Elektrolyten aufweisen soll.The object of the invention is to provide a bipolar electrode of the type mentioned in the introduction, which is formed in one piece and from a combination of so-called incompatible materials. such as B. titanium and steel or tantalum and steel, the bipolar electrode should have sufficient corrosion resistance to the electrolyte.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgmäß durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 aufgeführten Merkmale gelöst. Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.The object is achieved according to the invention by the features listed in the characterizing part of claim 1. Further embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

Besondere Vorteile der Erfindung sind die einfache Herstellbarkeit, ein niedriges Potential, insbesondere Wasserstoffüberspannung. die Vermeidung der Hydridbildung auf der Kathodenseite. insbesondere in Chloratzellen. Dabei lassen sich auch die Bedingungen des jeweiligen elektrochemischen Prozesses in gewünschter Weise durch Auswahl der Elektrodenmaterialien optimieren. Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen der Ausführungsbeispiele.Particular advantages of the invention are the ease of manufacture, a low potential, in particular hydrogen overvoltage. the avoidance of hydride formation on the cathode side. especially in chlorate cells. The conditions of the respective electrochemical process can also be optimized in the desired manner by selecting the electrode materials. Further advantages and features of the invention result from the following description and the drawings of the exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 eine Draufsicht auf die zusammengesetzte bipolare Elektrode,
  • Figur 2 einen Längsschnitt durch die Elektrode nach Figur 1.
Show it
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of the assembled bipolar electrode,
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the electrode according to FIG. 1.

Die bipolare Elektrode weist ein anodisches Elektrodenteil 1 und ein kathodisches Elektrodenteil 2 auf. Beide sind in einer Ebene miteinander verbunden über ein Zwischenstück 3, wie in den Figuren dargestellt. Das Zwischenstück 3 besteht in seinem dem anodischen Elektrodenteil 1 zugekehrten Teil 5 aus anodischem Material und in seiner dem kathodischen Elektrodenteil 2 zugekehrten Seite 6 aus kathodischem Material. Beide Bereiche sind getrennt durch eine Grenz- oder Stoßfläche 4, von außen nur sichtbar als Linie und deren Dicke den Elektrodenteilen im wesentlichen entspricht. Das als Verbundkörper ausgebildete Zwischenstück 3 ist zwischen den Stoßstellen an den Schmalseiten von anodischen Elektrodenteil 1 und kathodischen Elektrodenteil 2, die einander zugekehrt sind, angeordnet und wird durch Schweißen mit diesen verbunden. Bevorzugt sind übliche Schmelz-Schweiß-Verfahren, nämlich Widerstands- und Punktschweißen, WIG- oder NIG-Schweißen. Schweißen mittels Laserstrahlen und dergleichen. Als Material des anodischen Elektrodenteils 1 kommen sogenannte Ventilmetalle in Betracht, wie sie üblicherweise für dimensionstabile Anoden verwendet werden, nämlich Titan, Tantal, Zirkonium, Niob sowie als weiteres Metall Wolfram. Ein solcher Grundkörper des Anodenmaterials besitzt noch eine elektrisch leitende Fläche aus zum Beispiel einem Platinmetall, einem Platinmetalloxid oder einem leitenden, gegenüber dem Anolyt beständigen Metalloxyid oder Oxydgemisch. Ventilmetalle sind Metalle, welche nichtleitend Oxyde bilden, die gegenüber dem Anolyt widerstandsfähig sind. Eine Streckmetall-, Netz- oder Gitteranode wird wegen der größeren elektrokatalytisch wirksamen Fläche und den guten Strömungsmöglichkeiten des Elektrolyten bevorzugt.The bipolar electrode has an anodic electrode part 1 and a cathodic electrode part 2. Both are connected in one plane via an intermediate piece 3, as shown in the figures. The intermediate piece 3 consists in its part 5 facing the anodic electrode part 1 made of anodic material and in its side 6 facing the cathodic electrode part 2 made of cathodic material. Both areas are separated by a boundary or butting surface 4, only visible from the outside as a line and the thickness of which essentially corresponds to the electrode parts. The intermediate piece 3 designed as a composite body is arranged between the joints on the narrow sides of anodic electrode part 1 and cathodic electrode part 2, which face each other, and is connected to them by welding. Conventional fusion welding processes, namely resistance and spot welding, TIG or NIG welding, are preferred. Welding by means of laser beams and the like. So-called valve metals, as are usually used for dimensionally stable anodes, namely titanium, tantalum, zirconium, niobium and as a further metal are suitable as the material of the anodic electrode part 1 Tungsten. Such a base body of the anode material also has an electrically conductive surface made of, for example, a platinum metal, a platinum metal oxide or a conductive metal oxide or oxide mixture which is resistant to the anolyte. Valve metals are metals that form non-conductive oxides that are resistant to the anolyte. An expanded metal, mesh or grid anode is preferred because of the larger electrocatalytically active area and the good flow possibilities of the electrolyte.

Das kathodische Elektrodenteil ist perforiert und aus ebenem Blech oder Platten hergestellt; es besteht aus einem elektrisch leitenden gegenüber dem Katholyt widerstandsfähigen Stoff wie Stahl, Nickel, Eisen oder Legierungen dieser Materialien. Mit Vorteil wird die Kathode auf ihrer Oberfläche beschichtet mit Nickel oder einer Nickellegierung oder -verbindung.The cathodic electrode part is perforated and made of flat sheet metal or plates; it consists of an electrically conductive substance resistant to the catholyte, such as steel, nickel, iron or alloys of these materials. The surface of the cathode is advantageously coated with nickel or a nickel alloy or compound.

Es werden mehrere Zwischenstücke aus einem Verbundkörper hergestellt, zum Beispiel jeweils zur Hälfte aus Anoden- und Kathodenmaterial und stumpf aneinanderstoßend über die Breite und Dicke der im wesentlichen plattenförmigen Elektrode. Die Verbundkörper sind im wesentichen vor dem Verbinden mit den Elektrodenteilen streifenförmig gestaltet und von etwa der Breite der Elektrode. Sie werden zum Beispiel wie folgt hergestellt:

  • Ein Titan- und ein Stahlblech werden in einer Kammer mit Argonatmosphäre, vorteilhafterweise in einer Kapsel aus gleichem Stahl eingeschweißt, wobei die eine Seite der Stahlkapsel bereits die gewünschte Dicke des Stahlteiles des Verbindungsstückes aufweist, nachdem sie vorgereinigt, insbesondere gebeizt und/oder entfettet, worden ist. Die Kapsel wird bei einem Druck zwischen 800 und 2000 bar und einer Temperatur im Bereich zwischen etwa 780 und 820°C heißisostatisch gepresst und unter Druck und Temperatur gehalten für eine Zeitdauer von etwa 30 bis 180, insbesondere 60 bis 120, Minuten mit vorherigem Aufheizen und nachfolgendem Abkühlen. Der so hergestellte Verbundkörper wurde danach von der Kapsel gelöst, zum Beispiel durch mechanisches oder chemisches Entfernen. Der gepresste Körper kann gegebenenfalls anschließend in die Endform - als plattenförmige Zwischenstücke - zerteilt werden.
Several intermediate pieces are produced from a composite body, for example half each made of anode and cathode material and butt-jointed over the width and thickness of the essentially plate-shaped electrode. The composite bodies are essentially strip-shaped before being connected to the electrode parts and are approximately the width of the electrode. For example, they are made as follows:
  • A titanium and a steel sheet are welded in a chamber with an argon atmosphere, advantageously in a capsule made of the same steel, one side of the steel capsule already having the desired thickness of the steel part of the connecting piece after it has been pre-cleaned, in particular pickled and / or degreased is. The capsule is hot isostatically pressed at a pressure between 800 and 2000 bar and a temperature in the range between approximately 780 and 820 ° C. and kept under pressure and temperature for a period of approximately 30 to 180, in particular 60 to 120, minutes with prior heating and subsequent cooling. The composite body produced in this way was then detached from the capsule, for example by mechanical or chemical removal. If necessary, the pressed body can then be divided into the final shape - as plate-shaped intermediate pieces.

Wesentlich ist, daß der so hergestellte Verbundkörper eine intermetallische Phasenverbindung aufweist, mit guter Feinkörnigkeit der Materialien und besonders hoher Dichte, das heißt ohne Fehlstellen wie Haarrisse und dergleichen mehr. Dadurch ist es möglich. einen guten Stromdurchfluß zu erzielen und damit auch geringe Potentialverluste. Das heißisostatische Preßverfahren wurde in bekannter Weise in einer Anlage der W.C. Heraeus GmbH, Hanau, durchgeführt.It is essential that the composite body produced in this way has an intermetallic phase connection, with good fine grain of the materials and particularly high density, that is to say without defects such as hairline cracks and the like. This makes it possible. to achieve a good current flow and thus also low potential losses. The hot isostatic pressing process was carried out in a known manner in a W.C. Heraeus GmbH, Hanau.

Es ist selbstverständlich, daß zusammengesetzte Elektroden des bipolaren Typs auch aus einer Vielzahl von paarweise zusammengesetzten Anoden- und Kathodenteilen mit Zwischenstücken zur Bildung einer einstückigen ebenen, plattenförmigen Elektrode zusammengesetzt werden können. Die Konfiguration der Elektrode ist lediglich abhängig von der Größe der Zelle und der Anordnung darin sowie dem gewünschten Elektrolytfluß und den Stromzu- bzw. -ableitungen.It goes without saying that composite electrodes of the bipolar type can also be assembled from a multiplicity of anode and cathode parts assembled in pairs with intermediate pieces to form a one-piece flat, plate-shaped electrode. The configuration of the electrode is only dependent on the size of the cell and the arrangement therein, as well as the desired electrolyte flow and the current supply and discharge lines.

Die erfindungsgemäßen bipolaren Elektroden sind anwendbar in elektrochemischen Zellen, insbesondere sind sie gut geeignet für die Elektrolyse von wässerigen Lösungen der Alkalichloride. Eine bipolare Elektrode ist nicht direkt mit der Stromzuführung verbunden, sondern eine Fläche wirkt als Anode und die andere als Kathode, wenn der Strom durch die Zelle fließt. Für die Stromzuführung sind jeweils Klammern geeignet, die jeweils die gleichpoligen Teile der Elektroden verbinden. Mit Vorteil können die neuen bipolaren Elektroden in der Zelle so angeordnet werden, daß je ein Kathodenbereich je einem Anodenbereich gegenüberliegt.The bipolar electrodes according to the invention can be used in electrochemical cells, in particular they are well suited for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of the alkali metal chlorides. A bipolar electrode is not directly connected to the power supply, but one surface acts as an anode and the other as a cathode when the current flows through the cell. Brackets are suitable for the power supply, each connecting the same-pole parts of the electrodes. The new bipolar electrodes can advantageously be arranged in the cell in such a way that a cathode region is opposite an anode region.

Die Strömungsrichtung der Elektrolyten kann zwischen den plattenförmigen Elektroden entlang deren Ebenen oder jeweils durch die Perforierung der Elektroden hindurch verlaufen. Zwischen Ein-und Außlaß der Zelle erfolgt gegebenenfalls ein Elektrolytumlauf.The direction of flow of the electrolytes can run between the plate-shaped electrodes along their planes or in each case through the perforation of the electrodes. There may be an electrolyte circulation between the inlet and outlet of the cell.

Claims (5)

1. Bipolar electrode in the form of a plane plate, for use in electrochemical processes, comprising at least one anodic electrode section of titanium, tantalum, zirconium, niobium or tungsten, and a cathodic electrode section of steel, the two electrode sections having their narrow sides welded on to a plate-shaped intermediate element situated between them, characterised in that the intermediate element is a composite member produced by isostatic hot- pressing of two materials (3) which is formed on one side from steel and on the other side from one of the metals titanium, tantalum, zirconium, niobium or tungsten, the steel being welded to the cathodic electrode section (2) and the metals titanium, tantalum, zirconium, niobium or tungsten to the anodic electrode section (1).
2. Bipolar electrode according to claim 1, characterised in that the anodic and cathodic electrode sections (1, 2) consist of plane metal sheets which are perforated and/or provided with lands or depressions or are produced in grid, mesh or expanded metal form.
3. Bipolar electrode according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it contains expanded titanium metal as the anodic electrode section (1) and a steel sheet as a cathodic electrode section (2), and that the electrode sections (1, 2) are joined together via an intermediate element (3) consisting of titanium and steel.
4. Application of the bipolar electrode according to one or more of the claims 1 to 3, in an electrolysis cell for chlorine-alkali electrolysis by means of gas-generator electrodes traversed by the flow of electrolyte.
5. Application of the bipolar electrode according to one or more of the claims 1 to 3 in chlorate electrolysis.
EP83110073A 1982-10-26 1983-10-08 Bipolar electrode Expired EP0107135B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83110073T ATE30253T1 (en) 1982-10-26 1983-10-08 BIPOLAR ELECTRODE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3239535 1982-10-26
DE19823239535 DE3239535A1 (en) 1982-10-26 1982-10-26 BIPOLAR ELECTRODE

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EP0107135A1 EP0107135A1 (en) 1984-05-02
EP0107135B1 true EP0107135B1 (en) 1987-10-14

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US (1) US4564433A (en)
EP (1) EP0107135B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59501911A (en)
AT (1) ATE30253T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1230081A (en)
DE (2) DE3239535A1 (en)
FI (1) FI75370B (en)
WO (1) WO1984001789A1 (en)

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DE3342449A1 (en) * 1983-11-24 1985-06-05 Uhde Gmbh, 4600 Dortmund ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR THE ELECTROLYSIS OF AQUEOUS HALOGENIDE-CONTAINING ELECTROLYT
US5013409A (en) * 1989-03-23 1991-05-07 Doug Czor Electrodeposition process
US5225061A (en) * 1991-05-24 1993-07-06 Westerlund Goethe O Bipolar electrode module
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WO1984001789A1 (en) 1984-05-10
DE3239535C2 (en) 1987-02-05
US4564433A (en) 1986-01-14
CA1230081A (en) 1987-12-08
JPS59501911A (en) 1984-11-15
DE3239535A1 (en) 1984-04-26
FI842512A (en) 1984-06-20
ATE30253T1 (en) 1987-10-15
FI842512A0 (en) 1984-06-20
JPH0569917B2 (en) 1993-10-04
DE3374073D1 (en) 1987-11-19
EP0107135A1 (en) 1984-05-02
FI75370B (en) 1988-02-29

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