EP0106959B1 - Process and device for removing deposits from surfaces of components in a water-cooled nuclear plant - Google Patents

Process and device for removing deposits from surfaces of components in a water-cooled nuclear plant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0106959B1
EP0106959B1 EP83107922A EP83107922A EP0106959B1 EP 0106959 B1 EP0106959 B1 EP 0106959B1 EP 83107922 A EP83107922 A EP 83107922A EP 83107922 A EP83107922 A EP 83107922A EP 0106959 B1 EP0106959 B1 EP 0106959B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
container
water
fuel assembly
cleaning
ultrasonic vibrators
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EP83107922A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0106959A3 (en
EP0106959B2 (en
EP0106959A2 (en
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Rainer Ing.Grad. Scharpenberg
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ABB Reaktor GmbH
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Brown Boveri Reaktor GmbH
ABB Reaktor GmbH
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/001Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof

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  • the invention relates to a device for cleaning the surface of a nuclear reactor fuel element, which is arranged in a liquid-filled container, the container on the periphery carrying a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators, the sound waves of which are directed towards the fuel element.
  • the ultrasound transducers are attached to at least two opposite outer sides of the water-filled container arranged in a water basin, in that the respectively opposite ultrasound transducers lie on a common central axis, in that the container has a line for circulating the inside the same water is provided and that in the line a circulation pump and a filter are connected in series.
  • the forces acting on the fuel element cancel each other out, so that damage is reliably avoided.
  • the deposition particles that occur during the cleaning process are filtered out, so that there is no impairment of the ultrasound intensity or contamination of the water surrounding the container.
  • the fuel assembly can be arranged in an open-top or in a closed container.
  • a device for checking the degree of purity of the water leaving the container is provided in the line assigned to the container in the flow direction in front of the filter. As soon as a predefined level of purity of the water has been reached, the sonication process is ended.
  • the fuel element remains in the container after the cleaning process has been completed and is subjected to a sipping test there.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial area of a water basin 1, which is used to store spent fuel elements while maintaining sufficient shielding conditions by the water. As is known, this requires a layer of water that still has a thickness of several meters above the stored fuel elements.
  • a container 3 for receiving a fuel element 4 of water-cooled nuclear reactors.
  • the completely assembled fuel element 4 was already inserted in the reactor core and, after removal of the deposits adhering to the surfaces of its components, should be checked for its reusability in the reactor core. It consists of the foot 5 and the head piece 6, which are connected to one another via control rod guide tubes (not shown) and form the framework of the fuel assembly.
  • cladding tubes 7 Between the foot and the head piece extends a plurality of approximately four meter long cladding tubes 7, which contain a large number of fuel tablets made of uranium dioxide and are closed at their ends with end plugs, not shown.
  • the fuel tablets and the spacer grids which are equipped with delicate springs, are exposed to harmful loads due to the high-energy frequencies required for cleaning. Due to the simultaneous sonication with ultrasound transducers of the same power arranged opposite one another, the forces acting on the components of the fuel assembly are mutually canceled or at least reduced. As can be seen from Fig.
  • each transducer plate carries nine ultrasonic transducers 14 with the same power and the same geometric arrangement. In each case four pairs of oscillating plates 13 lying opposite one another are arranged at the same height, so that the ultrasonic oscillators 14 carried by them lie opposite one another.
  • the container is equipped with three times four such oscillating plates, which, viewed in their vertical extension, are at such a distance from one another that the surfaces of the fuel element are optimally cleaned.
  • a holding element 16 equipped with swivel joints 15 carries a hydraulically actuated cylinder 17 and is fastened with its one end 18 to the container 3 and with its other end 19 to a cover 20 for closing the container 3.
  • the control lines 21 of the cylinder 17 are connected to a control unit 22 located outside the water basin 1, so that the cover 20 can be opened or closed remotely with a fuel element for loading or unloading the container.
  • the ultrasonic transducers are also operated by the control unit, as indicated by the connecting line 23. So that the deposit particles already removed due to the action of ultrasound and present in the water arranged inside the container do not disturb the cleaning process, the container has a line 26 provided with a filter and a circulation pump.
  • the line 26 is connected at one end in the vicinity of the container bottom 27 and at the other end in the vicinity of the lid 20 to the container 3.
  • the circulating pump 25 circulates the water in the container and required for ultrasonic cleaning, so that particles contained therein are retained in the filter 24.
  • the device described in FIGS. 1 and 1a is particularly advantageous if a sipping container which is usually known in water-cooled reactor plants is used as the container 3.
  • the sipping container also receives a fuel assembly. Due to the effect of the post-decay heat, radioactive fission products escape into the container water from defective cladding tubes. A water test then reveals whether the cladding tubes of the fuel assembly are defective and need to be replaced.
  • Such a sipping container would only have to be strengthened with ultrasonic vibrators 14 and the line 26 in order to be usable additionally for ultrasonic cleaning. With such a combined application, it is advantageous to carry out the ultrasonic cleaning first and only then to carry out the sipping test.
  • the figure shows another embodiment of a device.
  • the surfaces of a fuel assembly should only be cleared of deposits in the lower third of their vertical extent in order to enable a check for defective cladding tubes in this area.
  • the container 3 is made of steel and is open at its top 30. Its side walls 9a, 10a, 11a, 12a are so high that a third of the height of the fuel assembly is immersed in the container.
  • the opening cross section of the The container is so large that there is a gap of approx. 50 millimeters between the inside of the container and the cladding tubes arranged on the periphery of the fuel assembly.
  • an oscillating plate 13 is fastened in the same geometrical arrangement, each carrying nine ultrasonic oscillators 14.
  • at least the ultrasound transducers 14 arranged opposite one another lie on a common center axis 31.
  • the ultrasound vibrators arranged approximately at right angles to one another can also assume a different height. This increases the total volume of sound and improves cleaning. So that the removed deposit particles do not get into the water basin 1, a line 32 leads away from the container 3 in the vicinity of the container bottom 27 and opens with its free end 23 into the water basin 1. Due to the circulation pump 25 arranged in the line 32, the pool water contained in the container 3 is constantly renewed.
  • the filter 24 installed in line with the circulation pump 25 in the line 32 retains the deposition particles.
  • a device 29 for checking the degree of purity of the water leaving the sipping test is provided in front of the filter 24 in the flow direction.
  • the ultrasonic vibrators 14 and the circulation pump 25 can be operated remotely via a control device (not shown) arranged outside the water basin.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Reinigen der Oberfläche eines Kernreaktorbrennelementes, das in einem flüssigkeitsgefüllten Behälter angeordnet ist, wobei der Behälter unfangsseitig mehrere Ultraschall-Schwinger trägt, deren Schallwellen in Richtung Brennelement gerichtet sind.The invention relates to a device for cleaning the surface of a nuclear reactor fuel element, which is arranged in a liquid-filled container, the container on the periphery carrying a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators, the sound waves of which are directed towards the fuel element.

Eine derartige Einrichtung ist aus der Zeitschrift «Nucleonics», Ausgabe Juli 1958 bekannt. Dort sind auf verschiedenen Ebenen am Umfang des Behälters Ultraschall-Schwinger angeordnet. In der jeweiligen Ebene wird das Brennelement offenbar nur aus einer Richtung beschallt. Bei der Ultraschallreinigung von Metallteilen wird mit Frequenzen oberhalb von 18 Khz gearbeitet. Da zum Reinigen die Teile unter Wasser angeordnet sind, hat man es mit Longitudinalwellen zu tun, die zur periodischen Verdichtung der Materie Wasser führen. Aufgrund der grossen Energie reisst das Wasser während der Zugphase an Instabilitätsphasen auseinander. In der folgenden Druckphase brechen die Bläschen mit grosser Geschwindigkeit in sich zusammen, wobei in der nächsten Umgebung dieser sehr kleinen Bläschen Energie frei wird, die sich als Überdruck der Grössenordnung von über 1000 bar und als Mikroströmung bemerkbar macht. Die Grenzflächen von Flüssigkeit zu Festkörper stellen Instabilitätsstellen und somit Kavitationskeime dar. Dieser Vorgang wird mit Mikroschruppen bezeichnet, da auch die kleinsten Fremdteilchen von der Festkörperoberfläche durch rein mechanische Kräfte entfernt werden. Aufgrund der grossen Energien, die bei einer Beschallung aus einer Richtung auf das Brennelement auftreffen, sind Beschädigungen an den in den Hüllrohren der Brennstäbe angeordneten Brennstofftabletten sowie an anderen Bauteilen des Brennelementes nicht auszuschliessen. Bei der in der Zeitschrift «Nucleonics» dargestellten Einrichtung lässt es sich nicht vermeiden, dass die von der Brennelementoberfläche bereits entfernten Ablagerungspartikel die Intensität des weiteren Reinigungsvorganges beeinträchtigen oder nach ausserhalb des Behälters gelangen. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Nachteil, wenn der Behälter aus Abschirmgründen in einem Wasserbecken angeordnet ist.Such a device is known from the magazine "Nucleonics", July 1958 edition. There, ultrasonic vibrators are arranged on different levels on the circumference of the container. In the respective plane, the fuel assembly is apparently only sonicated from one direction. In the ultrasonic cleaning of metal parts, frequencies above 18 kHz are used. Since the parts are arranged under water for cleaning, one has to deal with longitudinal waves, which lead to the periodic compression of the material water. Due to the high energy, the water tears apart during the pull phase during instability phases. In the subsequent pressure phase, the bubbles collapse at high speed, with energy being released in the immediate vicinity of these very small bubbles, which is noticeable as an overpressure of the order of more than 1000 bar and as a microflow. The interfaces between liquid and solid represent instability points and thus cavitation nuclei. This process is called micro-roughing, since even the smallest foreign particles are removed from the solid surface by purely mechanical forces. Due to the large energies that hit the fuel assembly from one direction, damage to the fuel pellets arranged in the cladding tubes of the fuel rods and to other components of the fuel assembly cannot be ruled out. With the device shown in the magazine “Nucleonics”, it cannot be avoided that the deposit particles already removed from the surface of the fuel element impair the intensity of the further cleaning process or reach the outside of the container. This is particularly disadvantageous if the container is arranged in a water basin for shielding reasons.

Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Einrichtung der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, die bei schonender Behandlung des Brennelementes bereits während des Reinigungsvorgang die Entfernung der Ablagerungspartikel aus dem Behälter sicherstellt und diese Partikel aus dem den Behälter umgebenden Wasser fernhält.It is the object of the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset which, with careful treatment of the fuel element, ensures the removal of the deposit particles from the container even during the cleaning process and keeps these particles away from the water surrounding the container.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäss dadurch, dass die Ultraschall-Schwinger an wenigstens zwei gegenüberliegenden Aussenseiten des in einem Wasserbecken angeordneten wassergefüllten Behälters befestigt sind, dass die jeweils gegenüberliegenden Ultraschall-Schwinger auf einer gemeinsamen Mittenachse liegen, dass der Behälter mit einer Leitung zur Umwälzung des innerhalb desselben befindlichen Wassers versehen ist und dass in der Leitung eine Umwälzpumpe und ein Filter in Reihe geschaltet sind.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the ultrasound transducers are attached to at least two opposite outer sides of the water-filled container arranged in a water basin, in that the respectively opposite ultrasound transducers lie on a common central axis, in that the container has a line for circulating the inside the same water is provided and that in the line a circulation pump and a filter are connected in series.

Durch die gewählte Anordnung der Ultraschall-Schwinger heben sich die auf das Brennelement wirkenden Kräfte gegenseitig auf, so dass Beschädigungen sicher vermieden werden. Die während des Reinigungsvorganges anfallenden Ablagerungspartikel werden ausgefiltert, so dass weder eine Beeinträchtigung der Ultraschallintensität noch eine Verunreinigung des den Behälter umgebenden Wassers auftritt.Due to the selected arrangement of the ultrasonic transducers, the forces acting on the fuel element cancel each other out, so that damage is reliably avoided. The deposition particles that occur during the cleaning process are filtered out, so that there is no impairment of the ultrasound intensity or contamination of the water surrounding the container.

Das Brennelement kann in Abhängigkeit von den Umgebungsbedingungen in einem oben offenen oder in einem geschlossenen Behälter angeordnet sein.Depending on the ambient conditions, the fuel assembly can be arranged in an open-top or in a closed container.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführung ist in der dem Behälter zugeordneten Leitung in Durchflussrichtung gesehen vor dem Filter eine Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung des Reinheitsgrades des den Behälter verlassenden Wassers vorgesehen. Sobald ein vorgebbarer Reinheitsgrad des Wassers erreicht ist, wird der Beschallungsvorgang beendet.According to a further embodiment, a device for checking the degree of purity of the water leaving the container is provided in the line assigned to the container in the flow direction in front of the filter. As soon as a predefined level of purity of the water has been reached, the sonication process is ended.

Ein Verfahren zum Reinigen der Oberfläche eines Kernreaktorbrennelements, wobei eine Einrichtung nach der Erfindung verwendet wird, läuft in folgenden Schritten ab:

  • a) Das Brennelement wird gleichzeitig von gegenüberliegenden Seiten aus mit UltraschallSchwingern gleicher Leistung beschallt.
  • b) Das Behälterwasser wird während dem Reinigungsvorgang umgewälzt.
A method for cleaning the surface of a nuclear reactor fuel element, using a device according to the invention, proceeds in the following steps:
  • a) The fuel assembly is simultaneously sonicated from opposite sides with ultrasonic vibrators of the same power.
  • b) The container water is circulated during the cleaning process.

Dadurch wird eine schonende Behandlung des Brennelementes erzielt und ein nachteiliger Einfluss auf die Intensität des Ultraschall-Schwingers sowie auf die Umgebung des Behälters vermieden.This achieves a gentle treatment of the fuel element and avoids an adverse influence on the intensity of the ultrasonic vibrator and on the surroundings of the container.

Gemäss einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens verbleibt das Brennelement nach dem Abschluss des Reinigungsvorganges im Behälter und wird dort einem Sippingtest unterzogen.According to a further embodiment of the method, the fuel element remains in the container after the cleaning process has been completed and is subjected to a sipping test there.

Damit wird sichergestellt, dass eventuell in den Ablagerungen enthaltene Radioaktivitäten, die aus anderen defekten Brennelementen des ursprünglichen Kernverbandes stammen nicht zu Fehlschlüssen bei dem Sippingtest führen. Ausserdem wird durch die Kombination der Reinigung mit dem Sippingtest eine erhebliche Zeitersparnis erzielt, wodurch die Verfügbarkeit der Kernreaktoranlage erhöht wird.This ensures that any radioactivity contained in the deposits that comes from other defective fuel elements in the original core group does not lead to incorrect conclusions in the sipping test. In addition, the combination of cleaning with the sipping test saves a considerable amount of time, which increases the availability of the nuclear reactor system.

Anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und der schematischen Zeichnungen der Figur 1,1 a und 2 wird die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Einsatz einer derartigen Einrichtung beschrieben. Dabei zeigen die

  • Fig. 1 ein in einem geschlossenen Behälter angeordnetes Brennelement,
  • Fig. 1a einen Schnitt entlang der Linie a-a der Figur 1 und
  • Fig. 2 ein in einem offenen Behälter angeordnetes Brennelement.
The device according to the invention and a method for using such a device are described on the basis of exemplary embodiments and the schematic drawings in FIGS. 1, 1 a and 2. The show
  • 1 shows a fuel assembly arranged in a closed container,
  • Fig. 1a shows a section along the line aa of Figure 1 and
  • Fig. 2 is a fuel assembly arranged in an open container.

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen Teilbereich eines Wasserbeckens 1, das zur Aufbewahrung von abgebrannten Brennelementen unter Wahrung ausreichender Abschirmbedingungen durch das Wasser dient. Bekanntlich ist hierzu eine Wasserschicht erforderlich, die oberhalb der eingelagerten Brennelemente noch eine Dicke von mehreren Metern aufweist. Am Boden 2 des Wasserbeckens ist ein Behälter 3 zur Aufnahme eines Brennelementes 4 wassergekühlter Kernreaktoren angeordnet. Das komplett montierte Brennelement 4 war bereits im Reaktorkern eingesetzt und soll nach erfolgter Entfernung der auf den Oberflächen seiner Bauteile haftenden Ablagerungen auf seine Wiederverwendbarkeit im Reaktorkern überprüft werden. Es besteht aus dem Fuss 5 und dem Kopfstück 6, die über nicht dargestellte Steuerstabführungsrohre miteinander verbunden sind und das Gerippe des Brennelementes bilden. Zwischen dem Fuss- und dem Kopfstück erstreckt sich eine Vielzahl von ca. vier Meter langen Hüllrohren 7, die eine grosse Anzahl von Brennstofftabletten aus Urandioxid enthalten und an ihren Enden mit nicht dargestellten Endstopfen verschlossen sind. Mehrere über die Länge der Hüllrohre verteilte Abstandshaltegitter 8 halten die Hüllrohre in ihrer Position. Insbesondere die Brennstofftabletten und die mit feingliedrigen Federungen ausgestatteten Abstandshaltegitter sind durch die zur Reinigung erforderlichen energiereichen Frequenzen einer schädlichen Belastung ausgesetzt. Durch die gleichzeitige Beschallung mit gegenüber angeordneten Ultraschall-Schwingern gleicher Leistung, werden die auf die Bauteile des Brennelementes einwirkenden Kräfte gegenseitig aufgehoben bzw. zumindest reduziert. Wie aus der Fig. 1a zu ersehen ist, sind an den vier Seitenwänden 9, 10, 11 und 12 des aus Stahl bestehenden geschlossenen Behälters 3 Schwingerplatten 13 befestigt. Jede Schwingerplatte trägt neun Ultraschall-Schwinger 14 gleicher Leistung und gleicher geometrischer Anordnung. Jeweils vier paarweise gegenüberliegende Schwingerplatten 13 sind auf gleicher Höhe angeordnet, so dass sich die von ihnen getragenen Ultraschall-Schwinger 14gegenüberliegen. Der Behälter ist mit drei mal vier solcher Schwingerplatten ausgerüstet, die in ihrer senkrechten Erstreckung betrachtet einen solchen Abstand zueinander haben, dass eine optimale Reinigung der Oberflächen des Brennelementes erfolgt. Ein mit Drehgelenken 15 ausgestattetes Halteelement 16 trägt einen hydraulisch betätigten Zylinder 17 und ist mit seinem einen Ende 18 am Behälter 3 und mit seinem anderen Ende 19 an einem Deckel 20 zum Verschliessen des Behälters 3 befestigt. Die Steuerleitungen 21 des Zylinders 17 sind mit einer ausserhalb des Wasserbekkens 1 befindlichen Steuereinheit 22 verbunden, so dass der Deckel 20 zur Be- bzw. Entladung des Behälters mit einem Brennelement ferngesteuert geöffnet oder geschlossen werden kann. Auch die Ultraschall-Schwinger werden, wie mit der Verbindungsleitung 23 angedeutet, von der Steuereinheit bedient. Damit die aufgrund der Ultraschalleinwirkung bereits entfernten und in dem innerhalb des Behälters angeordneten Wasser vorhandenen Ablagerungspartikel den Reinigungsprozess nicht stören, weist der Behälter eine mit einem Filter und einer Umwälzpumpe versehene Leitung 26 auf. Die Leitung 26 ist mit ihrem einen Ende in der Nähe des Behälterbodens 27 und mit ihrem anderen Ende in der Nähe des Deckels 20 mit dem Behälter 3 verbunden. Die Umwälzpumpe 25 bewirkt einen Umlauf des im Behälter befindlichen und zur Ultraschallreinigung erforderlichen Wassers, so dass darin enthaltene Partikel im Filter 24 zurückgehalten werden. Eine über die Kabelverbindung 28 mit der Steuereinheit 22 verbundene und in Durchflussrichtung gesehen vor dem Filter in die Leitung 26 eingebaute Vorrichtung 29 dient zur Überwachung des Reinheitsgrades des im Behälter 3 angeordneten Wassers. Das Erreichen eines vorgebbaren Reinheitsgrades ist ein Indiz dafür, wie weit die Ablagerungen von den Oberflächen des Brennelementes entfernt sind. Ist das den Anforderungen entsprechende Ergebnis erreicht, wird die Beschallung beendet und das gereinigte Brennelement entnommen.FIG. 1 shows a partial area of a water basin 1, which is used to store spent fuel elements while maintaining sufficient shielding conditions by the water. As is known, this requires a layer of water that still has a thickness of several meters above the stored fuel elements. At the bottom 2 of the water basin there is a container 3 for receiving a fuel element 4 of water-cooled nuclear reactors. The completely assembled fuel element 4 was already inserted in the reactor core and, after removal of the deposits adhering to the surfaces of its components, should be checked for its reusability in the reactor core. It consists of the foot 5 and the head piece 6, which are connected to one another via control rod guide tubes (not shown) and form the framework of the fuel assembly. Between the foot and the head piece extends a plurality of approximately four meter long cladding tubes 7, which contain a large number of fuel tablets made of uranium dioxide and are closed at their ends with end plugs, not shown. A plurality of spacer grids 8 distributed over the length of the cladding tubes hold the cladding tubes in their position. In particular, the fuel tablets and the spacer grids, which are equipped with delicate springs, are exposed to harmful loads due to the high-energy frequencies required for cleaning. Due to the simultaneous sonication with ultrasound transducers of the same power arranged opposite one another, the forces acting on the components of the fuel assembly are mutually canceled or at least reduced. As can be seen from Fig. 1a, 3 vibrating plates 13 are attached to the four side walls 9, 10, 11 and 12 of the closed container made of steel. Each transducer plate carries nine ultrasonic transducers 14 with the same power and the same geometric arrangement. In each case four pairs of oscillating plates 13 lying opposite one another are arranged at the same height, so that the ultrasonic oscillators 14 carried by them lie opposite one another. The container is equipped with three times four such oscillating plates, which, viewed in their vertical extension, are at such a distance from one another that the surfaces of the fuel element are optimally cleaned. A holding element 16 equipped with swivel joints 15 carries a hydraulically actuated cylinder 17 and is fastened with its one end 18 to the container 3 and with its other end 19 to a cover 20 for closing the container 3. The control lines 21 of the cylinder 17 are connected to a control unit 22 located outside the water basin 1, so that the cover 20 can be opened or closed remotely with a fuel element for loading or unloading the container. The ultrasonic transducers are also operated by the control unit, as indicated by the connecting line 23. So that the deposit particles already removed due to the action of ultrasound and present in the water arranged inside the container do not disturb the cleaning process, the container has a line 26 provided with a filter and a circulation pump. The line 26 is connected at one end in the vicinity of the container bottom 27 and at the other end in the vicinity of the lid 20 to the container 3. The circulating pump 25 circulates the water in the container and required for ultrasonic cleaning, so that particles contained therein are retained in the filter 24. A device 29, which is connected to the control unit 22 via the cable connection 28 and installed in line 26 in the flow direction, is used to monitor the degree of purity of the water arranged in the container 3. Reaching a predeterminable degree of purity is an indication of how far the deposits are from the surfaces of the fuel assembly. Once the result that meets the requirements is reached, the sonication is ended and the cleaned fuel assembly is removed.

Die in den Fig. 1 und 1a beschriebene Einrichtung ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn als Behälter 3 ein in wassergekühlten Reaktoranlagen üblicherweise bekannter Sippingbehälter verwendet wird. Der Sippingbehälter nimmt ebenfalls ein Brennelement auf. Durch die Wirkung der Nachzerfallswärme treten aus defekten Hüllrohren radioaktive Spaltprodukte in das Behälterwasser aus. Eine Wasserprobe ergibt dann Aufschluss darüber, ob Hüllrohre des Brennelementes defekt sind und ausgetauscht werden müssen. Ein solcher Sippingbehälter wäre nur mit Ultraschall-Schwingern 14 und der Leitung 26 zu ertüchtigen, um zusätzlich für die Ultraschallreinigung verwendbar zu sein. Bei einer solchen kombinierten Anwendung ist es von Vorteil, zuerst die Ultraschallreinigung vorzunehmen und dann erst den Sippingtest durchzuführen. Diese Vorgehensweise ist folgerichtig, da in den an den Oberflächen des gerade im Sippingbehälter befindlichen Brennelements anhaftende Ablagerungen aktivitätsführende Stoffe enthalten sein können, die aus anderen beschädigten Brennelementen des Kernverbandes stammen. Ein Brennelement könnte als defekt bezeichnet werden obwohl es gar keine defekten Hüllrohre enthält. Werden die Ablagerungen jedoch vor dem Sippingtest entfernt und im Filter festgehalten, so werden falsche Aussagen des Sippingtestes vermieden.The device described in FIGS. 1 and 1a is particularly advantageous if a sipping container which is usually known in water-cooled reactor plants is used as the container 3. The sipping container also receives a fuel assembly. Due to the effect of the post-decay heat, radioactive fission products escape into the container water from defective cladding tubes. A water test then reveals whether the cladding tubes of the fuel assembly are defective and need to be replaced. Such a sipping container would only have to be strengthened with ultrasonic vibrators 14 and the line 26 in order to be usable additionally for ultrasonic cleaning. With such a combined application, it is advantageous to carry out the ultrasonic cleaning first and only then to carry out the sipping test. This procedure is logical, since the deposits adhering to the surfaces of the fuel element currently in the sipping container can contain activity-carrying substances that come from other damaged fuel elements of the core assembly. A fuel element could be described as defective even though it does not contain any defective cladding tubes. However, if the deposits are removed before the sipping test and held in the filter, false statements from the sipping test are avoided.

Die Fig. zeigt eine andere Ausbildung einer Einrichtung. Damit sollen die Oberflächen eines Brennelementes nur im unteren Drittel ihrer Höhenerstreckung von Ablagerungen befreit werden, um eine in diesem Bereich erforderliche Prüfung nach defekten Hüllrohren zu ermöglichen. Der Behälter 3 besteht aus Stahl und ist an seiner Oberseite 30 offen. Seine Seitenwände 9a, 10a, 11a, 12a sind so hoch, dass ein Drittel der Höhenerstreckung des Brennelements in den Behälter eingetaucht ist. Der Öffnungsquerschnitt des Behälters ist so gross gewählt, dass zwischen den Innenseiten des Behälters und den an der Peripherie des Brennelements angeordneten Hüllrohren jeweils ein Spalt von ca. 50 Millimeter besteht. An jeder Seitenwand 9a, 10a, 11a, 12a des quaderförmigen Behälters 3 ist in zueinander gleicher geometrischer Anordnung eine Schwingerplatte 13 befestigt, die jeweils neun Ultraschallschwinger 14 trägt. Dabei liegen zumindest die gegenüberliegend angeordneten Ultraschallschwinger 14 auf einer gemeinsamen Mittenachse 31. Dagegen können die etwa in einem rechten Winkel zueinander angeordneten Ultraschall-Schwinger auch eine unterschiedliche Höhenlage einnehmen. Dadurch wird insgesamt das beschallte Volumen vergrössert und die Reinigung verbessert. Damit die entfernten Ablagerungspartikel nicht in das Wasserbecken 1 gelangen, führt in der Nähe des Behälterbodens 27 eine Leitung 32 von dem Behälter 3 weg, die mit ihrem freien Ende 23 in das Wasserbecken 1 mündet. Durch die in der Leitung 32 angeordnete Umwälzpumpe 25 findet eine ständige Erneuerung des im Behälter 3 enthaltenen Beckenwassers statt. Der in Reihe zur Umwälzpumpe 25 in der Leitung 32 eingebaute Filter 24 hält die Ablagerungspartikel zurück. Ebenso wie bei der Ausführung nach Fig.1 ist in Durchflussrichtung gesehen vor dem Filter 24 eine Vorrichtung 29 zur Überprüfung des Reinheitsgrades des den Sippingtest verlassenden Wassers vorgesehen. Über eine nicht dargestellte, ausserhalb des Wasserbeckens angeordnete Steuereinrichtung lassen sich die Ultraschallschwinger 14 als auch die Umwälzpumpe 25 fernbedient betätigen.The figure shows another embodiment of a device. In this way, the surfaces of a fuel assembly should only be cleared of deposits in the lower third of their vertical extent in order to enable a check for defective cladding tubes in this area. The container 3 is made of steel and is open at its top 30. Its side walls 9a, 10a, 11a, 12a are so high that a third of the height of the fuel assembly is immersed in the container. The opening cross section of the The container is so large that there is a gap of approx. 50 millimeters between the inside of the container and the cladding tubes arranged on the periphery of the fuel assembly. On each side wall 9a, 10a, 11a, 12a of the cuboid-shaped container 3, an oscillating plate 13 is fastened in the same geometrical arrangement, each carrying nine ultrasonic oscillators 14. In this case, at least the ultrasound transducers 14 arranged opposite one another lie on a common center axis 31. In contrast, the ultrasound vibrators arranged approximately at right angles to one another can also assume a different height. This increases the total volume of sound and improves cleaning. So that the removed deposit particles do not get into the water basin 1, a line 32 leads away from the container 3 in the vicinity of the container bottom 27 and opens with its free end 23 into the water basin 1. Due to the circulation pump 25 arranged in the line 32, the pool water contained in the container 3 is constantly renewed. The filter 24 installed in line with the circulation pump 25 in the line 32 retains the deposition particles. As in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, a device 29 for checking the degree of purity of the water leaving the sipping test is provided in front of the filter 24 in the flow direction. The ultrasonic vibrators 14 and the circulation pump 25 can be operated remotely via a control device (not shown) arranged outside the water basin.

Claims (5)

1. Arrangement for cleaning the surfaces of a nuclear reactor fuel assembly (4) which is disposed in a container (3) filled with liquid, the container (3) peripherally carrying several ultrasonic vibrators (14) whose acoustic waves are directed in the direction of the fuel assembly (4), characterized in that the ultrasonic vibrators (14) are attached to at least two exterior sides (9, 12), situated opposite each other, of the water-filled container (3) which is disposed in a water tank (1), in that the ultrasonic vibrators (14), situated opposite each other in each case, are located on a common central axis (31), in that the container (3) is provided with a pipeline (26, 32) for circulating the water situated within the container and in that a circulating pump (25) and a filter (24) are connected in series in the pipeline (26, 32).
2. Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the container (3) has a closed construction or one which is open at the top.
3. Arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a device (29) for checking the degree of purity of the water leaving the container (3) is provided in the pipeline (26, 32) upstream of the filter (24) as viewed in the flow direction.
4. Method for cleaning the faces of a nuclear reactor fuel assembly (4), an arrangement according to Claims 1 to 3 being used, characterized in that the fuel assembly (4) is simultaneously acoustically irradiated from sides situated opposite each other with ultrasonic vibrators (14) of the same power and in that the container water is circulated during the cleaning operation.
5. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that, after the termination of the cleaning operation, the fuel assembly (4) remains in the container (3) and is subjected to a sipping test.
EP83107922A 1982-10-21 1983-08-11 Process and device for removing deposits from surfaces of components in a water-cooled nuclear plant Expired - Lifetime EP0106959B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823238886 DE3238886A1 (en) 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING DEPOSITS ON THE SURFACES OF THE COMPONENTS OF A WATER-COOLED CORE REACTOR SYSTEM
DE3238886 1982-10-21

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EP0106959A2 EP0106959A2 (en) 1984-05-02
EP0106959A3 EP0106959A3 (en) 1984-06-13
EP0106959B1 true EP0106959B1 (en) 1987-04-22
EP0106959B2 EP0106959B2 (en) 1992-04-15

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ES (1) ES525367A0 (en)

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FR2590716B1 (en) * 1985-11-26 1992-05-15 Electricite De France PROCESS FOR DECONTAMINATION OF NUCLEAR REACTOR WALLS, IN PARTICULAR WALLS OF THE PRIMARY CIRCUIT OF NUCLEAR REACTORS WITH PRESSURIZED WATER CIRCUIT
US5002079A (en) * 1988-12-15 1991-03-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Pressure pulse method and system for removing debris from nuclear fuel assemblies
US5092355A (en) * 1988-12-15 1992-03-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Pressure pulse method for removing debris from nuclear fuel assemblies
IT1232632B (en) * 1989-09-21 1992-02-28 Ente Naz Energia Elettrica TOTAL DECONTAMINATION PROCESS OF RADIOACTIVE METALLIC MATERIALS.
DE4012467A1 (en) * 1990-04-19 1991-10-24 D T I Dr Trippe Ingenieurgesel Ultrasonic surface cleaning tool - for cleaning water tanks in nuclear power stations, has cup into which fluid is fed to flow between ultrasonic generator tip and surface
DE4129362A1 (en) * 1991-09-04 1992-05-14 Ulrich Nestler Autonomous fuel element washing device - for foreign body and deposit removal from PWR or BWR fuel element
DE19603902C2 (en) * 1996-02-03 1999-06-17 Tzn Forschung & Entwicklung Process and arrangement for removing residues, in particular for decontamination in nuclear plants
CN107303573B (en) * 2016-04-21 2020-04-14 国投生物科技投资有限公司 Cleaning device of photobioreactor

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ES8505137A1 (en) 1985-05-01
DE3238886C2 (en) 1991-01-03
DE3238886A1 (en) 1984-04-26
EP0106959A3 (en) 1984-06-13
EP0106959B2 (en) 1992-04-15
DE3371138D1 (en) 1987-05-27
ES525367A0 (en) 1985-05-01
EP0106959A2 (en) 1984-05-02

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