EP0105861A1 - High speed steel alloy - Google Patents

High speed steel alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0105861A1
EP0105861A1 EP19830890154 EP83890154A EP0105861A1 EP 0105861 A1 EP0105861 A1 EP 0105861A1 EP 19830890154 EP19830890154 EP 19830890154 EP 83890154 A EP83890154 A EP 83890154A EP 0105861 A1 EP0105861 A1 EP 0105861A1
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Prior art keywords
weight
content
niobium
vanadium
tungsten
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EP19830890154
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0105861B1 (en
Inventor
Hellmut Dr. Fischmeister
Sadi Dr. Karagöz
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Püber
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Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-speed steel alloy, etc. one which has the carbide-forming elements tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and niobium.
  • the standardized alloy composition S 6 - 5 - 2 (referred to as M2 according to AISI) with corresponding contents of tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and chromium is by far the most important with regard to the frequency of their use.
  • various attempts have been made to use the alloy element niobium, which has become the focus of interest not least due to the discovery of new extensive deposits, in order to enable, in particular, a complete or partial replacement for vanadium as carbide former in this type of steel.
  • F. Heisterkamp Metal and Materials, Oct.
  • the characteristic of the high-speed steel alloy according to the invention is that it consists of 0.84 to 1.05% by weight of C, max. 1.0% by weight Si, max. 1.0% by weight Mn, 3.6 to 4.5% by weight Cr, 4.6 to 6.5% by weight Mo, 2.0 to 4.0% by weight W, 0, 5 to 1.6% by weight of V and 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of Nb, remainder Fe and inevitable impurities, the sum of vanadium and niobium in the range of 1 to 2.5% by weight lies.
  • the vanadium content is 1.3 to 1.6% by weight and the niobium content 0.8 to 1.5% by weight. is, the sum of vanadium and niobium being in the range from 1 to 2.5% by weight or that with a tungsten content of more than 3.0 to 4.0% by weight the vanadium content is 0.5 to 1, 5 wt .-% and the niobium content is 0.5 to 1.0 wt .-%, the sum of vanadium and niobium in the range of 1 to 2.5 wt .-%.
  • the performance of the high-speed steel compositions according to the invention is practically equivalent to or even superior to that of the base material when the hardening temperature is chosen appropriately, which is particularly important in the savings achieved thereby.
  • the practical equivalence also resulted from the two investigations of the casting and annealing structure carried out with the sample steels and the quantity and size distribution of the carbides.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

1. A high speed steel alloy with the carbide forming elements tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, and niobium, characterised in that it contains 0.84 to 1.05 wt. % C, max. 1.0 wt. % Si, max. 1.0 wt. % Mn, 3.6 to 4.5 wt. % Cr, 4.6 to 6.5% wt. % Mo, 2.0 to 4.0 wt. % W, 0.5 to 1.6 wt. % V, and 0.5 to 1.5 wt. % Nb, the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities, provided that with a tungsten content of 2.0 to 3.0 wt. % the vanadium content is 1.3 to 1.6 wt. % and the niobium content is 0.8 to 1.5 wt. %, and that with a tungsten content of from more than 3.0 to 4.0 wt. % the vanadium content is 0.5 to 1.5 wt. % and the niobium content is 0.5 to 1.0 wt. %, the total content of vanadium and niobium being in the range of 1 to 2.5 wt. % in each case.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schnellarbeitsstahllegierung, u.zw. eine solche, welche die karbidbildenden Elemente Wolfram, Molybdän, Chrom, Vanadium und Niob aufweist.The invention relates to a high-speed steel alloy, etc. one which has the carbide-forming elements tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and niobium.

Im Rahmen der Schnellarbeitsstähle besitzt die genormte Legierungszusammensetzung S 6 - 5 - 2 (laut AISI als M2 bezeichnet) mit entsprechenden Gehalten an Wolfram, Molybdän, Vanadin und Chrom hinsichtlich der Häufigkeit ihrer Anwendung die weitaus größte Bedeutung. In den letzten Jahren wurden auch schon verschiedene Versuche unternommen, das nicht zuletzt durch die Auffindung neuer ausgedehnter Lagerstätten in den Mittelpunkt des Interesses auch als Karbidbildner gekommene Legierungselement Niob heranzuziehen, um insbesondere einen gänzlichen oder teilweisen Ersatz für Vanadin als Karbidbildner bei diesem Stahltyp zu ermöglichen. So wurde beispielsweise durch F. Heisterkamp (Metals and Materials, Oct. 1978) auf Legierungsvarianten hingewiesen, die vom Basistyp durch einen Gehalt von 2 bzw. 3 % Niob bei völligem Ersatz des Vanadins bzw. von je 1 % bei teilweisem Ersatz dieses Legierungsbestandteiles abweichen und gute Eigenschaften gezeigt haben. Weitere auf die teilweise Substitution von Wolfram und/oder Molybdän durch Niobgehalte bis etwa 4 % gerichtete Arbeiten sind ebenfalls schon bekanntgeworden; die Absenkung des Wolframgehaltes hatte allerdings eine wesentliche Herabsetzung der Härtewerte zur Folge, weshalb dieser Weg einer Niob-Substitution als nicht zielführend betrachtet werden mußte.In the context of high-speed steels, the standardized alloy composition S 6 - 5 - 2 (referred to as M2 according to AISI) with corresponding contents of tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and chromium is by far the most important with regard to the frequency of their use. In recent years, various attempts have been made to use the alloy element niobium, which has become the focus of interest not least due to the discovery of new extensive deposits, in order to enable, in particular, a complete or partial replacement for vanadium as carbide former in this type of steel. For example, F. Heisterkamp (Metals and Materials, Oct. 1978) pointed out alloy variants that differ from the basic type with a content of 2 or 3% niobium with complete replacement of the vanadium or 1% each with partial replacement of this alloy component and have shown good properties. Further work aimed at the partial substitution of tungsten and / or molybdenum with niobium contents of up to about 4% has also already become known; however, the reduction in the tungsten content led to a significant reduction in the hardness values, which is why this route of niobium substitution did not have to be regarded as expedient.

Es war somit eine unerwartete und bedeutsame Erkenntnis, daß es möglich ist, ohne Härteeinbußen in Kauf nehmen zu müssen, einen wesentlichen Anteil des laut Basiszusammensetzung vorgesehenen Wolframs einzusparen, wenn einem bestimmten, in relativ niedrigen engen Grenzen gehaltenen Niobgehalt ein gewisser Vanadinanteil zugeordnet wird und auch für die übrigen Legierungsbestandteile bestimmte Bereichsgrenzen eingehalten werden.It was therefore an unexpected and significant realization that it is possible without having to accept hardship, a substantial part of what the basis together the intended tungsten saving if a certain amount of vanadium is assigned to a certain niobium content that is kept within relatively low narrow limits and if certain range limits are also observed for the other alloy components.

Das Kennzeichen der erfindungsgemäßen Schnellarbeitsstahllegierung besteht demnach darin, daß sie aus 0,84 bis 1,05 Gew.-% C, max. 1,0 Gew.-% Si, max. 1,0 Gew.-% Mn, 3,6 bis 4,5 Gew.-% Cr, 4,6 bis 6,5 Gew.-% Mo, 2,0 bis 4,0 Gew.-% W, 0,5 bis 1,6 Gew.-% V und 0,5 bis 1,5 Gew.-% Nb, Rest Fe und unvermeidliche Verunreinigungen besteht, wobei die Summe von Vanadium und Niob im Bereich von 1 bis 2,5 Gew.-% liegt.The characteristic of the high-speed steel alloy according to the invention is that it consists of 0.84 to 1.05% by weight of C, max. 1.0% by weight Si, max. 1.0% by weight Mn, 3.6 to 4.5% by weight Cr, 4.6 to 6.5% by weight Mo, 2.0 to 4.0% by weight W, 0, 5 to 1.6% by weight of V and 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of Nb, remainder Fe and inevitable impurities, the sum of vanadium and niobium in the range of 1 to 2.5% by weight lies.

Dabei ist gemäß weiteren Erfindungsmerkmalen vorgesehen, daß bei einem Wolframgehalt von 2,0 bis 3,0 Gew.-% der Vanadingehalt 1,3 bis 1,6 Gew.-% und der Niobgehalt 0,8 bis 1,5 Gew.-% beträgt, wobei die Summe von Vanadium und Niob im Bereich von 1 bis 2,5 Gew.-% liegt bzw. daß bei einem Wolframgehalt von mehr als 3,0 bis 4,0 Gew.-% der Vanadiumgehalt 0,5 bis 1,5 Gew.-% und der Niobgehalt 0,5 bis 1,0 Gew.-% beträgt, wobei die Summe von Vanadium und Niob im Bereich von 1 bis 2,5 Gew.-% liegt.According to further features of the invention, it is provided that, with a tungsten content of 2.0 to 3.0% by weight, the vanadium content is 1.3 to 1.6% by weight and the niobium content 0.8 to 1.5% by weight. is, the sum of vanadium and niobium being in the range from 1 to 2.5% by weight or that with a tungsten content of more than 3.0 to 4.0% by weight the vanadium content is 0.5 to 1, 5 wt .-% and the niobium content is 0.5 to 1.0 wt .-%, the sum of vanadium and niobium in the range of 1 to 2.5 wt .-%.

Es wird auf diese Weise erreicht, daß bei einem Minimum des Aufwandes für die am Legierungsaufbau beteiligten karbidbildenden Elemente ein maximales Ergebnis der damit erzielbaren technologischen Auswirkungen sichergestellt wird.It is achieved in this way that a maximum result of the technological effects that can be achieved is ensured with a minimum of effort for the carbide-forming elements involved in the alloy structure.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In der Tabelle 1 sind einer der Basiszusammensetzung für S 6 - 5 - 2 entsprechenden Schnellarbeitsstahlzusammensetzung vier verschiedene erfindungsgemäße Legierungszusammensetzungen gegenübergestellt. Außerdem sind die zur Karbidbildung rechnerisch erforderlichen C-Gehalte, die Differenzen gegenüber dem tatsächlichen C-Gehalt sowie die Härtetemperaturen für die einzelnen Stähle angeführt. Die Härtetemperatur wurde in der üblichen Weise mit Hilfe der Ansprunghärtekurven und der Snyder-Graff-Kornzahl ausgewählt. Wie bei Stahlanalysen üblich, ist bei der Zusammensetzung der aus Fe und den herstellungsbedingten Verunreinigungen bestehende Restanteil nicht gesondert ausgewiesen.

Figure imgb0001
Für die Untersuchung des Standzeitverhaltens wurden Seitenschlichtmesser (18 mm-Vierkant: α = 5°, β = 740, γ = 11°) angefertigt, mit denen auf 1000 N/mm2 vergütete 100 mm dikke Rundstäbe aus 90 MnV 8 bei einer Schnittgeschwindigkeit von 24 m/min, einer Spantiefe von 1,00 mm und einem Vorschub von 0,203 mm/U bearbeitet wurden. Gemessen wurde die bis zum Reibverschleiß abgedrehte Spanlänge, wobei jeweils die Ergebnisse von sechs Drehmeißeln eines Probentyps gemittelt wurden. Die Ergebnisse sind in der Tabelle 2 veranschaulicht, wobei auch die jeweils angewandte Härtetemperatur und die erzielten Härtewerte ersichtlich sind.
Figure imgb0002
 Wie sich daraus ergibt, sind die Leistungen der erfindungsgemäßen Schnellarbeitsstahlzusammensetzungen denen des Basiswerkstoffes bei entsprechender Wahl der Härtetemperatur praktisch gleichwertig oder sogar überlegen, was bei den damit erzielten Ersparnissen besonders ins Gewicht fällt. Die praxisbezogene Gleichwertigkeit ergab sich auch beiden mit den Probenstählen vorgenommenen Untersuchungen des Guß-und Glühgefüges sowie der Mengen- bzw. Größenverteilung der Karbide.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. In Table 1, a different high-speed steel composition corresponding to the basic composition for S 6 - 5 - 2 is compared with four different alloy compositions according to the invention. Except This shows the C contents calculated for carbide formation, the differences compared to the actual C contents and the hardening temperatures for the individual steels. The hardening temperature was selected in the usual way with the aid of the crack hardness curves and the Snyder-Graff grain number. As is usual with steel analyzes, the composition of the residual portion consisting of Fe and the production-related impurities is not shown separately.
Figure imgb0001
 For the investigation of the tool life behavior, side finishing knives (18 mm square: α = 5 °, β = 74 0 , γ = 11 °) were made, with which 100 mm thick round rods made of 90 MnV 8 tempered to 1000 N / mm 2 were used at a cutting speed of 24 m / min, a cutting depth of 1.00 mm and a feed rate of 0.203 mm / rev. The chip length turned down to fretting was measured, with the results of six turning tools of one sample type being averaged in each case. The results are illustrated in Table 2, the hardness temperature used and the hardness values achieved being apparent.
Figure imgb0002
 As can be seen from this, the performance of the high-speed steel compositions according to the invention is practically equivalent to or even superior to that of the base material when the hardening temperature is chosen appropriately, which is particularly important in the savings achieved thereby. The practical equivalence also resulted from the two investigations of the casting and annealing structure carried out with the sample steels and the quantity and size distribution of the carbides.

Claims (1)

Schnellarbeitsstahllegierung mit den karbidbildenden Elementen Wolfram, Molybdän, Chrom, Vanadium und Niob, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus 0,84 bis 1,05 Gew.-% C, max. 1,0 Gew.-% Si, max. 1,0 Gew.-% Mn, 3,6 bis 4,5 Gew.-% Cr, 4,6 bis 6,5 Gew.-% Mo, 2,0 bis 4,0 Gew.-% W, 0,5 bis 1,6 Gew.-% V und 0,5 bis 1,5 Gew.-% Nb, Rest Fe und unvermeidliche Verunreinigungen mit der Maßgabe besteht, daß bei einem Wolframgehalt von 2,0 bis 3,0 Gew.-% der Vanadingehalt 1,3 bis 1,6 Gew.-% und der Niobgehalt 0,8 bis 1,5 Gew.-% beträgt, bzw. daß bei einem Wolframgehalt von mehr als 3,0 bis 4,0 Gew.-% der Vanadiumgehalt 0,5 bis 1,5 Gew.-% und der Niobgehalt 0,5 bis 1,0 Gew.-% beträgt, wobei jeweils die Summe von Vanadium und Niob im Bereich von 1 bis 2,5 Gew.-% liegt.High-speed steel alloy with the carbide-forming elements tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and niobium, characterized in that it consists of 0.84 to 1.05% by weight C, max. 1.0% by weight Si, max. 1.0% by weight Mn, 3.6 to 4.5% by weight Cr, 4.6 to 6.5% by weight Mo, 2.0 to 4.0% by weight W, 0, 5 to 1.6% by weight of V and 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of Nb, remainder Fe and inevitable impurities with the proviso that with a tungsten content of 2.0 to 3.0% by weight the vanadium content is 1.3 to 1.6% by weight and the niobium content is 0.8 to 1.5% by weight, or that with a tungsten content of more than 3.0 to 4.0% by weight the Vanadium content is 0.5 to 1.5% by weight and the niobium content is 0.5 to 1.0% by weight, the sum of vanadium and niobium in each case in the range of 1 to 2.5% by weight.
EP19830890154 1982-09-14 1983-09-09 High speed steel alloy Expired EP0105861B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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AT3431/82 1982-09-14
AT343182A AT390967B (en) 1982-09-14 1982-09-14 FAST WORK STEEL ALLOY

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EP0105861A1 true EP0105861A1 (en) 1984-04-18
EP0105861B1 EP0105861B1 (en) 1987-04-29

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0264528A1 (en) * 1986-09-15 1988-04-27 Huta Baildon Przedsiebiorstwo Panstwowe Non-ledeburitic high speed steels
AT392085B (en) * 1988-11-07 1991-01-25 Franz Dipl Ing Dr Jeglitsch High-speed steel and process for producing and casting it
EP0903420A2 (en) * 1997-09-17 1999-03-24 Latrobe Steel Company Cobalt free high speed steels
US6585483B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2003-07-01 Honeywell International Inc. Stationary roller shaft formed of a material having a low inclusion content and high hardness
CN100469936C (en) * 2006-12-08 2009-03-18 钢铁研究总院 High-performance low-alloy niobium-contained high-speed steel
CN113003576A (en) * 2021-02-25 2021-06-22 邵阳学院 Vanadium-niobium carbide nanosheet and preparation method and application thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB691298A (en) * 1949-03-04 1953-05-13 Elek Ska Svetsningsaktiebolage Improvements in welding rods, particularly for hard facing purposes
US3330652A (en) * 1964-04-17 1967-07-11 Brown & Sharpe Mfg High speed steel
FR2371518A1 (en) * 1976-11-22 1978-06-16 Uddeholms Ab FAST STEEL WITH LITTLE OR NO VANADIUM
US4116684A (en) * 1976-03-17 1978-09-26 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. High speed tool steel having high toughness
US4224060A (en) * 1977-12-29 1980-09-23 Acos Villares S.A. Hard alloys

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5227010A (en) * 1975-08-27 1977-03-01 Nachi Fujikoshi Corp High speed tool steel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB691298A (en) * 1949-03-04 1953-05-13 Elek Ska Svetsningsaktiebolage Improvements in welding rods, particularly for hard facing purposes
US3330652A (en) * 1964-04-17 1967-07-11 Brown & Sharpe Mfg High speed steel
US4116684A (en) * 1976-03-17 1978-09-26 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. High speed tool steel having high toughness
FR2371518A1 (en) * 1976-11-22 1978-06-16 Uddeholms Ab FAST STEEL WITH LITTLE OR NO VANADIUM
US4224060A (en) * 1977-12-29 1980-09-23 Acos Villares S.A. Hard alloys

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0264528A1 (en) * 1986-09-15 1988-04-27 Huta Baildon Przedsiebiorstwo Panstwowe Non-ledeburitic high speed steels
AT392085B (en) * 1988-11-07 1991-01-25 Franz Dipl Ing Dr Jeglitsch High-speed steel and process for producing and casting it
EP0903420A2 (en) * 1997-09-17 1999-03-24 Latrobe Steel Company Cobalt free high speed steels
EP0903420A3 (en) * 1997-09-17 1999-12-15 Latrobe Steel Company Cobalt free high speed steels
US6200528B1 (en) 1997-09-17 2001-03-13 Latrobe Steel Company Cobalt free high speed steels
US6585483B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2003-07-01 Honeywell International Inc. Stationary roller shaft formed of a material having a low inclusion content and high hardness
US6892455B1 (en) 2001-11-20 2005-05-17 Honeywell International, Inc. Stationary roller shaft formed of a material having a low inclusion content and high hardness
CN100469936C (en) * 2006-12-08 2009-03-18 钢铁研究总院 High-performance low-alloy niobium-contained high-speed steel
CN113003576A (en) * 2021-02-25 2021-06-22 邵阳学院 Vanadium-niobium carbide nanosheet and preparation method and application thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA343182A (en) 1990-01-15
AT390967B (en) 1990-07-25
EP0105861B1 (en) 1987-04-29
DE3371227D1 (en) 1987-06-04

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