EP0105112B1 - Apparatus for the manufacture of compound blanks - Google Patents

Apparatus for the manufacture of compound blanks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0105112B1
EP0105112B1 EP83107409A EP83107409A EP0105112B1 EP 0105112 B1 EP0105112 B1 EP 0105112B1 EP 83107409 A EP83107409 A EP 83107409A EP 83107409 A EP83107409 A EP 83107409A EP 0105112 B1 EP0105112 B1 EP 0105112B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blank
extrusion
metal
matrix
opening
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Expired
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EP83107409A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0105112A1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Grosse
Heinrich Dr. Hässler
Günter Tiefel
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to AT83107409T priority Critical patent/ATE22828T1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/06—Press heads, dies, or mandrels for coating work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C33/00—Feeding extrusion presses with metal to be extruded ; Loading the dummy block
    • B21C33/004—Composite billet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for extruding a layered semifinished product according to the preamble of claim 1 and to the associated indirect extrusion device according to the preamble of claim 2.
  • Contact pieces for low-voltage air switchgear usually consist of silver-based materials, to which metalloids or metal oxides are added to reduce the welding power and improve the burning behavior. These filler materials make it difficult to connect to a carrier part, which is done by welding or soldering. For this reason, the contact pieces are often provided with a solderable or weldable second layer.
  • the initially single-layer strands must be clad with the intended solderable layer after suitable, often complex pretreatment and then cut into contact pieces.
  • an auxiliary plating layer is first applied and then hot-rolled clad and dimensionally rolled.
  • markedly brittle materials such as the AgSnO 2 materials preferred for reasons of environmental pollution
  • difficulties in hot roll cladding arise at the usual oxide contents of 10 to 12% by weight because of the low deformability.
  • the starting powders are therefore subjected to additional annealing and granulation treatments.
  • the boundary layer strength can be improved according to DE-A-15 39 848 if the partition wall used in the powder pressing tool is toothed on the underside, so that the powders mix at the boundary layer when this wall is pulled out. However, this leads to a wider transition zone between the different materials.
  • extrusion the direct extrusion method, commonly referred to as extrusion, in which the slug is forward, i.e. in the pressing direction, is pushed through the tool.
  • the recipient wall friction that occurs reduces its value, which can initially be up to double the actual forming force, considerably with the shortening of the remaining press slug, so that the layer geometry and the layer thickness shift along the length of the press strand. Because of the different friction conditions from pressing to pressing, this effect cannot be compensated for even by wedge-shaped design of the boundary layer in the powder pressed part.
  • DE-A-15 27 783 proposes for direct extrusion to provide additional braking surfaces in the pressing die, the friction surfaces delimiting the pressing channel preferably having different lengths in the pressing direction and their length being adapted to the flow properties of the outer layer adjacent to them. This should take into account in particular the different flow behavior of the layer materials.
  • the two-layer powder press technology for the production of finished molded parts has proven itself.
  • the two- or multi-layer parts for example contact material and solderable material, are produced by successively filling the powder layers on top of one another and then pressing them together.
  • the pressing direction is perpendicular to the boundary layer, so that a different compression behavior of the powders does not interfere with the pressing Boundary layer strength affects (powder metallurgy of electrical contacts, Springer-Verlag Berlin 1964, 211 to 213).
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and an associated device with which it is possible to produce a layered semi-finished product from a layered sintered composite blank with layers of metal, metal alloys, metal-metal mixtures or metal-non-metal mixtures without additional plating processes, whereby a uniform layer thickness over length and cross section and high adhesive strength of the layers with one another and high material utilization are to be achieved.
  • a layered semi-finished product for contact pieces can be produced by the indirect multilayer extrusion technique.
  • a blank similar to the two-layer powder pressing technique, is created as a simple cuboid from flat powder layers and indirectly extruded in a recipient with a rectangular or square opening using a specially designed die.
  • a specially designed die with different press channel length is known, in which the press channel length increases continuously from all corners to the middle of all side walls. This is intended to suppress the tendency to form cracks when extruding brittle materials; indirect multi-layer extrusion is not addressed, however.
  • the material flow in indirect multi-layer extrusion is controlled so that the layers have a uniform thickness over the width of the strand even if there is no exact image in the blank.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an extrusion die according to the invention with a gable-like height profile with two die openings.
  • the extrusion die is designated.
  • the surface 12 of the die 11 facing the layered sintered composite blank (not shown in the FIG.) Is partially provided with the height profile 13 up to the die openings 14, 15.
  • the upper boundary 16 of the height profile 13 runs centrally to the die openings 14, 15.
  • FIG. 2 shows a device for indirect two-layer extrusion with a die with a height profile according to the invention, as shown in perspective in FIG. 1, in a schematic representation.
  • a hollow punch 24 with the die 22 is inserted into a recipient 21 from below.
  • the left half of the die 22 is provided with a height profile 23.
  • the die 22 is pressed against the blank 26, 27 with the hollow punch 24.
  • the strand or strands in the case of a plurality of die openings emerge through the die opening 25 and through the hollow punch 24.
  • a homogeneous material flow without wall friction on the recipient wall is ensured with the least possible amount of pressing residue. If, as usual, the die were made flat without a profiled surface, this would result in a spherical silver layer course over the strand width because of the then true-to-scale illustration. Due to the special matrix design according to the invention, however, a uniformly thick layer is achieved. In the present case, two-layer strands of high layer thickness uniformity are obtained.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Physical Deposition Of Substances That Are Components Of Semiconductor Devices (AREA)
  • Light Receiving Elements (AREA)

Abstract

A device for manufacturing a laminated semifinished material by indirect extrusion of a sintered-bond blank consisting of layers of metal, metal alloys, metal mixtures or mixtures of metals and nonmetals comprises a vessel with a rectangular cutout or extrusion chamber and a one- or multipart extrusion die with one or several cutouts. A surface of the die facing the blank is profiled in the form of one or more roof gables, the surfaces of which gable forms extend perpendicularly towards the cutout from a sliding surface of the extrusion die.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines schichtförmigen Halbzeuges gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 sowie auf die zugehörige indirekte Strangpreßvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 2.The invention relates to a method for extruding a layered semifinished product according to the preamble of claim 1 and to the associated indirect extrusion device according to the preamble of claim 2.

Kontaktstücke für Niederspannungs-Luftschaltgeräte bestehen meist aus Silberbasiswerkstoffen, denen zur Verringerung der Schweißkraft und zur Verbesserung des Abbrandverhaltens Metalloide oder Metalloxide zugesetzt werden. Diese Zusatzwerkstoffe erschweren die Verbindung mit einem Trägerteil, die durch Schweißen bzw. Löten vorgenommen wird. Aus diesem Grunde werden die Kontaktstücke oft mit einer löt- bzw. schweißfähigen Zweitschicht versehen.Contact pieces for low-voltage air switchgear usually consist of silver-based materials, to which metalloids or metal oxides are added to reduce the welding power and improve the burning behavior. These filler materials make it difficult to connect to a carrier part, which is done by welding or soldering. For this reason, the contact pieces are often provided with a solderable or weldable second layer.

Werden die gewünschten Kontaktstücke durch Strangpressen gesinterter Rohlinge als Halbzeug hergestellt, so müssen die zunächst einschichtigen Stränge nach geeigneter, oft aufwendiger Vorbehandlung in weiteren Arbeitsgängen mit der vorgesehenen lötfähigen Schicht plattiert und anschließend zu Kontaktstücken geschnitten werden. So wird gemäß der DE-A-28 48 980 zunächst eine Plattierhilfsschicht aufgebracht und anschließend warmwalzplattiert und maßgewalzt. Besonders bei ausgeprägt spröden Werkstoffen, wie z.B. den aus Gründen der Umweltbelastung bevorzugten AgSn02-Werkstoffen, ergeben sich bei den üblichen Oxidgehalten von 10 bis 12 Gew.-% wegen des geringen Umformvermögens Schwierigkeiten beim Warmwalzplattieren. Zur Verbesserung der Verformungseigenschaften solcher Werkstoffe werden deshalb die Ausgangspulver zusätzlichen Glühund Granulierbehandlungen unterzogen.If the desired contact pieces are produced as semi-finished products by extrusion of sintered blanks, the initially single-layer strands must be clad with the intended solderable layer after suitable, often complex pretreatment and then cut into contact pieces. According to DE-A-28 48 980, an auxiliary plating layer is first applied and then hot-rolled clad and dimensionally rolled. Particularly in the case of markedly brittle materials, such as the AgSnO 2 materials preferred for reasons of environmental pollution, difficulties in hot roll cladding arise at the usual oxide contents of 10 to 12% by weight because of the low deformability. To improve the deformation properties of such materials, the starting powders are therefore subjected to additional annealing and granulation treatments.

Es ist weiterhin versucht worden, durch simultanes Strangpressen des Kontaktwerkstoffes mit dem Metall der lötfähigen Schicht bereits während des Strangpressens eine Plattierung herzustellen. Aus der britischen Patentschrift 880 583 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, das durch Strangpressen eines mehrschichtigen Sinterverbundteils die Schichtgeometrie des Rohlings maßstäblich im Strang abbildet. Zur Erstellung des Rohteils wird ein Stützsteg so in die Pulverpreßform eingelegt, daß er eine maßstäbliche Abbildung der gewünschten Grenzschichtgeometrie des Stranges darstellt. In die so entstandenen Pulverkammern werden die verschiedenen Pulver gleichhoch eingefüllt, die Zwischenwand entfernt und die Pulver gemeinsam in einer Preßrichtung parallel zur Pulvergrenzschicht gepreßt. Das derart hergestgellte Preßteil wird anschließend gesintert und darauffolgend stranggepreßt, wobei die Preßrichtung wiederum parallel zur Grenzschicht liegt. Hierbei ergeben sich jedoch aufgrund der meist unterschiedlichen Verdichtbarkeit der verschiedenen Pulver Festigkeitsprobleme an der Grenzschicht.Attempts have also been made to produce a plating during the extrusion by simultaneously extruding the contact material with the metal of the solderable layer. From the British patent specification 880 583 a method is known which maps the layer geometry of the blank to scale in the strand by extrusion molding of a multilayer sintered composite part. To create the raw part, a support web is inserted into the powder press mold in such a way that it represents a scale representation of the desired boundary layer geometry of the strand. The various powders are filled to the same height in the powder chambers thus created, the intermediate wall is removed and the powders are pressed together in a pressing direction parallel to the powder boundary layer. The pressed part produced in this way is then sintered and then extruded, the pressing direction again being parallel to the boundary layer. However, due to the mostly different compressibility of the different powders, strength problems arise at the boundary layer.

Die Grenzschichtfestigkeit kann gemäß der DE-A-15 39 848 verbessert werden, wenn die im Pulverpreßwerkzeug eingesetzte Trennwand an der Unterseite verzahnt wird, so daß sich die Pulver beim Herausziehen dieser Wand an der Grenzschicht vermischen. Allerdings führt dies zu einer breiteren Übergangszone zwischen den verschiedenen Werkstoffen.The boundary layer strength can be improved according to DE-A-15 39 848 if the partition wall used in the powder pressing tool is toothed on the underside, so that the powders mix at the boundary layer when this wall is pulled out. However, this leads to a wider transition zone between the different materials.

Obigen Verfahren ist gemeinsam, daß bei ihnen das üblicherweise als Strangpressen bezeichnete direkte Strangpreßverfahren angewendet wird, bei dem der Preßbutzen vorwärts, d.h. in Preßrichtung, durch das Werkzeug geschoben wird. Die dabei auftretende Rezipientenwandreibung verringert ihren Wert, der anfangs bis zum Doppelten der eigentlichen Umformkraft betragen kann, beträchtlich mit der Verkürzung des verbleibenden Preßbutzens, so daß sich auch die Schichtgeometrie und die Schichtdicke über die Länge des Preßstranges verschieben. Wegen der von Pressung zu Pressung unterschiedlichen Reibbedingungen läßt sich dieser Effekt auch durch keilförmige Auslegung der Grenzschicht im Pulverpreßteil nicht ausgleichen. Mit der DE-A-15 27 783 wird für das direkte Strangpressen vorgeschlagen, in der Preßmatrize zusätzliche Bremsflächen vorzusehen, wobei vorzugsweise die den Preßkanal begrenzenden Reibflächen in Preßrichtung unterschiedlich lang und ihre Länge den Fließeigenschaften der ihnen anliegenden Außenschicht angepaßt ist. Damit soll insbesondere dem unterschiedlichen Fließverhalten der Schichtmaterialien Rechnung getragen werden.Common to the above methods is that they use the direct extrusion method, commonly referred to as extrusion, in which the slug is forward, i.e. in the pressing direction, is pushed through the tool. The recipient wall friction that occurs reduces its value, which can initially be up to double the actual forming force, considerably with the shortening of the remaining press slug, so that the layer geometry and the layer thickness shift along the length of the press strand. Because of the different friction conditions from pressing to pressing, this effect cannot be compensated for even by wedge-shaped design of the boundary layer in the powder pressed part. DE-A-15 27 783 proposes for direct extrusion to provide additional braking surfaces in the pressing die, the friction surfaces delimiting the pressing channel preferably having different lengths in the pressing direction and their length being adapted to the flow properties of the outer layer adjacent to them. This should take into account in particular the different flow behavior of the layer materials.

Beim direkten Strangpressen ist ein hoher Anteil an Rücklaufmaterial, der im allgemeinen mehr als 10 % beträgt (Metäll 36 (1982),4,439 bis 443) unvermeidbar. Dieser Anteil erhöht sich beim Strangpressen schichtförmiger Verbundsinterteile weiter, da am Preßbeginn zunächst ein beträchtlicher Einlaufbereich auftritt, bis die verschiedenen Schichten zur Matrizenöffnung fließen und sich dort eine momentane Gleichgewichtsbedingung einstellen kann, die sich allerdings mit dem Andern der Wandreibung über die Preßlänge wieder verschiebt. Deshalb kann bei diesem Verfahren nur mit einer Werkstoffausbringung von als 70 % gerechnet werden.In direct extrusion, a high proportion of return material, which is generally more than 10% (Metall 36 (1982), 4,439 to 443) is unavoidable. This proportion increases further during the extrusion of layered composite sintered parts, since at the beginning of the pressing there is a considerable inlet area until the various layers flow to the die opening and a momentary equilibrium condition can be established there, which, however, shifts over the length of the press as the wall friction changes. Therefore, this method can only be used with a material output of more than 70%.

Wegen der Probleme bezüglich Schichtdickentoleranz, Grenzschichtfestigkeit und geringer Ausbringung haben sich diese bekannten Verfahren nicht durchsetzen können.Because of the problems with regard to layer thickness tolerance, boundary layer strength and low output, these known methods have not been able to prevail.

Zur Lösung letzterer Probleme hat sich die Zweischichtpulverpreßtechnik zur Herstellung von Fertigformteilen bewährt. Dazu werden die zwei- oder mehrschichtigen Teile, z.B. Kontaktwerkstoff und lötbarer Werkstoff, durch aufeinanderfolgendes Füllen der Pulverschichten übereinander und anschließendes gemeinsames Verpressen hergestellt. Die Preßrichtung liegt in diesem Fall senkrecht zur Grenzschicht, so daß sich ein unterschiedliches Verdichtungsverhalten der Pulver beim Pressen nicht störend auf die Grenzschichtfestigkeit auswirkt (Pulvermetallurgie elektrischer Kontakte, Springer-Verlag Berlin 1964, 211 bis 213).To solve the latter problems, the two-layer powder press technology for the production of finished molded parts has proven itself. For this purpose, the two- or multi-layer parts, for example contact material and solderable material, are produced by successively filling the powder layers on top of one another and then pressing them together. In this case, the pressing direction is perpendicular to the boundary layer, so that a different compression behavior of the powders does not interfere with the pressing Boundary layer strength affects (powder metallurgy of electrical contacts, Springer-Verlag Berlin 1964, 211 to 213).

Dieses bekannte Verfahren ist jedoch auf verhältnismäßig kleinformatige Teile begrenzt und ermöglicht insbesondere nicht die Anwendung hoher Umformgrade zur Verdichtung und Festigkeitssteigerung des Pulverpreßteils, die zu besonderer Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen mechanische, thermische und elektrische Belastung führt.However, this known method is limited to relatively small-sized parts and, in particular, does not allow the use of high degrees of deformation to compress and increase the strength of the powder-pressed part, which leads to particular resistance to mechanical, thermal and electrical loads.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren sowie eine zugehörige Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit denen es möglich ist, ein schichtförmiges Halbzeug aus einem geschichteten Sinterverbundrohling mit Schichten aus Metall, Metallegierungen, MetallMetall-Mischungen oder Metall-Nichtmetall-Mischungen ohne zusätzliche Plattiervorgänge herzustellen, wobei eine über Länge und Querschnitt gleichmäßige Schichtdicke und hohe Haftfestigkeit der Schichten untereinander sowie hohe Materialausnutzung erreicht werden sollen.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and an associated device with which it is possible to produce a layered semi-finished product from a layered sintered composite blank with layers of metal, metal alloys, metal-metal mixtures or metal-non-metal mixtures without additional plating processes, whereby a uniform layer thickness over length and cross section and high adhesive strength of the layers with one another and high material utilization are to be achieved.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Die zugehörige indirekte Strangpreßvorrichtung ist im Patentanspruch 2, vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen dieser Vorrichtung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.According to the invention the object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. The associated indirect extrusion device is in claim 2, advantageous developments of this device are specified in the subclaims.

Uberraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß sich ein schichtförmiges Halbzeug für Kontaktstücke durch die indirekte Mehrschichtstrangpreßtechnik herstellen läßt. Dazu wird ein Rohling, ähnlich der Zweischichtpulverpreßtechnik, als einfacher Quader aus ebenen Pulverschichten erstellt und in einem Rezipienten mit rechteckigem oder quadratischem Durchbruch indirekt stranggepreßt mittels einer speziell gestalteten Matrize. Aus der DE-A-27 48 392 ist zwar eine speziell gestaltete Matrize mit unterschiedlicher PreßkanaIlänge bekannt, bei der die Preßkanallänge von allen Ecken zu den Mitten aller Seitenwände kontinuierlich zunimmt. Damit soll die Tendenz zur Rißbildung beim Strangpressen von spröden Werkstoffen unterdrückt werden; ein indirektes Mehrschicht-Strangpressen ist allerdings nicht angesprochen.Surprisingly, it has been shown that a layered semi-finished product for contact pieces can be produced by the indirect multilayer extrusion technique. For this purpose, a blank, similar to the two-layer powder pressing technique, is created as a simple cuboid from flat powder layers and indirectly extruded in a recipient with a rectangular or square opening using a specially designed die. From DE-A-27 48 392 a specially designed die with different press channel length is known, in which the press channel length increases continuously from all corners to the middle of all side walls. This is intended to suppress the tendency to form cracks when extruding brittle materials; indirect multi-layer extrusion is not addressed, however.

Durch die Gestaltung der Matrize gemäß vorliegender Erfindung wird der Werkstofffluß beim indirekten Mehrschichten-Strangpressen so gesteuert, daß die Schichten auch dann eine gleichmäßige Dicke über die Strangbreite aufweisen, wenn im Rohteil keine exakte Abbildung vorliegt.By designing the die according to the present invention, the material flow in indirect multi-layer extrusion is controlled so that the layers have a uniform thickness over the width of the strand even if there is no exact image in the blank.

Anhand der Zeichnung und einesUsing the drawing and one

Ausführungsbeispiels wird die Erfindung noch näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • FIG 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht der neuen Strangpreßmatrize,
  • FIG 2 in schematischer Darstellung indirektes Zweischichtstrangpressen mit einer Matrize gemäß FIG 1.
The embodiment is explained in more detail. Show it
  • 1 shows a perspective view of the new extrusion die,
  • 2 shows a schematic illustration of indirect two-layer extrusion with a die according to FIG. 1.

FIG 1 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Strangpreßmatrize gemäß der Erfindung mit einem dachgiebelartigem Höhenprofil mit zwei Matrizendurchbrüchen. Mit 11 ist die Strangpreßmatrize bezeichnet. Die dem in der FIG nicht dargestellten geschichteten Sinterverbundrohling zugewandte Oberfläche 12 der Matrize 11 ist teilweise mit dem Höhenprofil 13 bis zu den Matrizendurchbrüchen 14, 15 versehen. Die obere Begrenzung 16 des Höhenprofils 13 verläuft mittig zu den Matrizendurchbrüchen 14, 15.1 shows a perspective view of an extrusion die according to the invention with a gable-like height profile with two die openings. With 11 the extrusion die is designated. The surface 12 of the die 11 facing the layered sintered composite blank (not shown in the FIG.) Is partially provided with the height profile 13 up to the die openings 14, 15. The upper boundary 16 of the height profile 13 runs centrally to the die openings 14, 15.

In FIG 2 ist eine Vorrichtung zum indirekten Zweischichtstrangpressen mit einer Matrize mit einem Höhenprofil gemäß der Erfindung, wie in FIG 1 perspektivisch dargestellt ist, in schematischer Darstellung gezeigt. In einen Rezipienten 21 ist ein Hohlstempel 24 mit der Matrize 22 von unten eingeführt. Die linke Hälfte der Matrize 22 ist mit einem Höhenprofil 23 versehen. Auf der Oberfläche der Matrize 22 befindet sich ein zweischichtiger Sinterverbundrohling, z.B. mit einer lötfähigen Silber-Schicht 26 und einer Silberzinnoxid-Schicht 27. Dieser Rohling ist innerhalb des Rezipienten 21 auf der profilierten Oberfläche der Matrize 22 angeordnet. Mit 28 ist ein Druckstück bezeichnet. Zum indirekten Strangpressen, wird die Matrize 22 mit dem Hohlstempel 24 gegen den Rohling 26, 27 gepreßt. Der Strang bzw. die Stränge bei mehreren Matrizendurchbrüchen, treten durch den Matrizendurchbruch 25 und durch den Hohlstempel 24 aus. Bei diesem indirekten Strangpressen wird ein homogener Werkstofffluß ohne Wandreibung an der Rezipientenwandung bei geringstmöglichem Preßrest gewährleistet. Würde die Matrize wie üblich ohne profilierte Oberfläche z.B. eben ausgeführt, ergäbe sich wegen der dann maßstäblichen Abbildung ein balliger Silberschichtverlauf über die Strangbreite. Durch die besondere Matrizengestaltung gemäß der Erfindung wird jedoch eine gleichmäßig dicke Schicht erreicht. Man erhält im vorliegenden Fall Zweischichtstränge hoher Schichtdickengleichmäßigkeit. Da der Strangpreßrest und der aufgrund der Gleichgewichtseinstellung der Schichten am Stranganfang auftretende Werkstoffverlust unabhängig von der Rohlingslänge sind, wird die relative Ausbeute günstiger, wenn der Rohling möglichst lang ausgeführt wird. Bei einem Rohling, der etwa 3 mal so lang wie dick ist, wird bereits eine Ausbringung von 90 % maßhaltigen Zweischichtstranges erreicht. Bei aus derartigen Strängen geschnittenen Kontaktstücken aus AgSn02 mit Oxidgehalten zwischen 10 und 17 Gew.-% treten unter der hohen thermischen und mechanischen Belastung des Werkstoffes bei elektrischen Schaltversuchen in Wechselstromschützen keine Risse an der Grenzschicht zwischen Kontaktwerkstoff und Silberschicht auf, was die hohe Grenzschichtfestigkeit des Zweischichtstrangpreßwerkstoffes bestätigt.FIG. 2 shows a device for indirect two-layer extrusion with a die with a height profile according to the invention, as shown in perspective in FIG. 1, in a schematic representation. A hollow punch 24 with the die 22 is inserted into a recipient 21 from below. The left half of the die 22 is provided with a height profile 23. There is a two-layer sintered composite blank on the surface of the die 22, for example with a solderable silver layer 26 and a silver tin oxide layer 27. This blank is arranged inside the recipient 21 on the profiled surface of the die 22. With 28 a pressure piece is designated. For indirect extrusion, the die 22 is pressed against the blank 26, 27 with the hollow punch 24. The strand or strands in the case of a plurality of die openings emerge through the die opening 25 and through the hollow punch 24. With this indirect extrusion process, a homogeneous material flow without wall friction on the recipient wall is ensured with the least possible amount of pressing residue. If, as usual, the die were made flat without a profiled surface, this would result in a spherical silver layer course over the strand width because of the then true-to-scale illustration. Due to the special matrix design according to the invention, however, a uniformly thick layer is achieved. In the present case, two-layer strands of high layer thickness uniformity are obtained. Since the extrusion residue and the material loss occurring at the beginning of the strand due to the equilibrium of the layers are independent of the length of the blank, the relative yield is more favorable if the blank is made as long as possible. With a blank that is about 3 times as long as thick, a yield of 90% dimensionally stable two-layer strand is already achieved. In contact pieces cut from such strands of AgSn0 2 with oxide contents between 10 and 17% by weight, no cracks occur at the boundary layer between the contact material and the silver layer under the high thermal and mechanical stress of the material during electrical switching tests in AC contactors, which demonstrates the high boundary layer strength of the Two-layer extrusion material confirmed.

AgSn02-Werkstoffe nach der Strangpreß-Walzplattiertechnik werden aufgrund der schlechten Verformungseigenschaften beim Walzen nur mit einem Oxidgehalt von etwa 10 bis 12 Gew.-% hergestellt.AgSn0 2 materials after extrusion Due to the poor deformation properties during rolling, roll plating technology is only produced with an oxide content of approximately 10 to 12% by weight.

Claims (8)

1. A process for extruding a laminar semifinished product from a parallelepipedal sintered compound blank having parallel layers made of metal, metal alloys, metal/metal mixtures, or metal/non-metal mixtures, characterised in
a) that an indirect extrusion of the blank is carried out, for which purpose the blank which is located in a receiver with a rectangular opening, is pressed against a hollow die having an extrusion matrix resting thereon, where
b) on its surface facing the layered arrangement, the extrusion matrix is profiled beyond the region of the extrusion channel in such a manner that layers of equal thickness are formed without an exact layer-representation of the blank being present.
2. An indirect extrusion device having a receiver with a rectangular opening for a parallelepipedal blank and a single- or multi-part extrusion matrix arranged therein and having at least one opening parallel to the matrix edge, characterised in that the surface (12) of the matrix (11, 22) facing the blank (27) isprovided with a profiled surface (13, 23) extending beyond the region of the extrusion channel on its part facing the layered arrangement of the blank (27), starting from the opening or the openings (14, 15).
3. A device as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the profiled surface (13, 23) is gable- shaped and the upper boundaries (16) thereof are flat.
4. A device as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the upper boundaries (16) of the profiled surface (13, 23) extend centrally to the longitudinal edge of the matrix opening(s) (14, 15).
5. A device as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that, starting from the opening or the openings (14, 15), the part of the surface (12) of the matrix (11, 22) which faces away from the layered arrangement of the blank (27) forms a flat surface.
6. A device as claimed in Claim 5, characterised in that the upper boundaries (16) of the profiled surface (13, 23) are arranged at the level of the flat surface (12).
7. A device as claimed in Claim 5, characterised in that the flat surface (12) terminates at one longitudinal edge of the openings (14,15) and the profiled surface (13) also covers the region of the transverse edge of the openings (14.15).
EP83107409A 1982-08-09 1983-07-27 Apparatus for the manufacture of compound blanks Expired EP0105112B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83107409T ATE22828T1 (en) 1982-08-09 1983-07-27 DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING A LAYERABLE SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3229626 1982-08-09
DE19823229626 DE3229626A1 (en) 1982-08-09 1982-08-09 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A LAYERED SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCT

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EP0105112A1 EP0105112A1 (en) 1984-04-11
EP0105112B1 true EP0105112B1 (en) 1986-10-15

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EP83107409A Expired EP0105112B1 (en) 1982-08-09 1983-07-27 Apparatus for the manufacture of compound blanks

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US (1) US4519234A (en)
EP (1) EP0105112B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5945024A (en)
AT (1) ATE22828T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8304237A (en)
DE (2) DE3229626A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3426240A1 (en) * 1984-07-17 1986-01-30 Doduco KG Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter, 7530 Pforzheim Method for the production of a band-shaped semi-finished product for electrical contacts from a composite material and an apparatus for carrying out the method
JPH02100503U (en) * 1989-01-30 1990-08-10
DE4111509A1 (en) * 1991-04-09 1992-10-15 Austria Metall METHOD FOR PRODUCING EXTRUDED PROFILE PARTS
US6854994B2 (en) * 2001-04-19 2005-02-15 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead connector arrangement including anti-rotation means
CN112207142A (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-01-12 哈尔滨理工大学 Multiple extrusion device and method for preparing layered heterogeneous magnesium alloy

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE887188C (en) * 1942-03-12 1953-08-20 Rau Fa G Process, blank and device for the production of thin-clad profile rails for contact pieces u. like
GB880583A (en) * 1959-06-30 1961-10-25 Mallory Metallurg Prod Ltd Improvements in and relating to the production of composite metallic material
DE1527783A1 (en) * 1966-01-03 1970-04-09 E Duerrwaechter Doduco Kg Dr Method of extrusion, blocks and dies composed of different metals and / or composite materials in layers for performing the method
SU555930A1 (en) * 1975-05-04 1977-04-30 Matrix for pressing multilayer products
DE2748392A1 (en) * 1977-10-28 1979-05-03 Degussa Extruding press die - which uses extruding channel with increasing lengths towards the middle part of the channel side
DE2848980A1 (en) * 1978-11-11 1980-05-22 Heraeus Gmbh W C Silver cadmium oxide-copper alloy composite prodn. - for electric contact, using vapour deposited silver layer on pre-oxidised layer to increase adhesion
DE2952128C2 (en) * 1979-12-22 1984-10-11 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Process for the pretreatment of the powder for sintered and extruded semifinished products made of silver-tin oxide for electrical contacts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3229626A1 (en) 1984-02-09
US4519234A (en) 1985-05-28
DE3366858D1 (en) 1986-11-20
ATE22828T1 (en) 1986-11-15
EP0105112A1 (en) 1984-04-11
JPS6128411B2 (en) 1986-06-30
JPS5945024A (en) 1984-03-13
BR8304237A (en) 1984-03-13

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