EP0104499A1 - Procédé et installation de chargement d'un four de fusion d'alliages métalliques pour alimenter des moules de fonderie - Google Patents

Procédé et installation de chargement d'un four de fusion d'alliages métalliques pour alimenter des moules de fonderie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0104499A1
EP0104499A1 EP83108666A EP83108666A EP0104499A1 EP 0104499 A1 EP0104499 A1 EP 0104499A1 EP 83108666 A EP83108666 A EP 83108666A EP 83108666 A EP83108666 A EP 83108666A EP 0104499 A1 EP0104499 A1 EP 0104499A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chute
charge
solid
loading
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83108666A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joel Pamart
Rio Bellocci
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pont a Mousson SA
Original Assignee
Pont a Mousson SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pont a Mousson SA filed Critical Pont a Mousson SA
Publication of EP0104499A1 publication Critical patent/EP0104499A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/06—Charging or discharging machines on travelling carriages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F27D3/0031—Charging with tiltable dumpers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the charging of an electric furnace for melting metal alloys with a high casting temperature and high oxidizability in order to supply foundry molds. More precisely, it relates to the loading of the electric furnace with a graphite rod, with openings closed in leaktight manner, this furnace being filled with argon under controlled pressure above the metal alloy bath and still being optionally provided with means of stirring said bath by an internal stream of argon.
  • This furnace provided with a pouring chute connectable directly to the feed orifice of a foundry mold, is of the tilting type in order to vary the inclination of the pouring chute between a load receiving position.
  • metal to be heated and melted and to a position for feeding a mold, that is to say for transferring the metal alloy from the oven to the molding cavity.
  • the aforementioned metal alloys to be produced in such an oven are those which are cast at a temperature at least equal to 1400 ° C. and are very sensitive to oxidation. These are, for example, superalloys based on an austenite of iron, nickel, chromium, or of iron, chromium, nickel, cobalt, or else based on nickel or based on cobalt, containing less than 20% of iron , or for example refractory alloy steels based on nickel, chromium, iron having more iron than superalloys, or even ordinary steels. Superalloys and refractory steels or highly alloyed steels are used for the molding of parts intended to resist high temperatures (for metallurgical furnaces, mechanical industries, aeronautics, etc ).
  • Such an oven performs slow melting, by heat radiation from its graphite rod. It has been chosen for the melting of such alloys, in preference to more common melting apparatuses which are more suitable for rapid melting, such as induction furnaces or, strictly speaking, furnaces for solid or liquid fuels, because of its ability to repeatedly and faithfully produce metal alloy compositions, in particular well-defined superalloys, avoiding any pollution, especially by air, but also by solid, liquid or gaseous undesirable elements such as those which the usual ovens heated by solid or liquid fuels can introduce into a metallic bath.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to solve the problem of using such an oven in industrial production, with a view to feeding foundry molds at a high rate, while this oven is designed to produce liquid metal alloys of special composition without constraint of manufacturing time.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of charging an electric melting furnace with a graphite rod making it possible to solve this problem, this method being characterized in that a part is introduced deep inside the furnace. of the total charge in liquid form comprising the components of the metal alloy least sensitive to oxidation, this liquid charge being melted in an auxiliary furnace with rapid melting such as an induction furnace, and then a part constituting the remainder of the total charge in solid form comprising the components of the metal alloy to be obtained which are most sensitive to oxidation, the weight ratio between the solid charge and the liquid charge being a fraction substantially less than 1.
  • the solid charge mixed with the liquid charge inside the furnace is melted not only by calories coming from the radiation of the graphite rod but also by calories coming from the bath which surrounds the solid charge so that the total melting is much faster than by simple radiation, and that such an oven, thus loaded, can supply foundry molds with an industrial pace.
  • Another object of the invention is to solve the problem of the speed of loading in order to avoid oxidation in air and to solve the problem of bulk, that is to say of occupying a surface. minimal floor.
  • the subject of the invention is an installation for implementing such a method, this loading installation being characterized in that it comprises on the same transfer trolley movable transversely with respect to the axis d introduction of solid and liquid charges through a loading port of the oven, side by side, in parallel, on the one hand, a device for introduction of the liquid charge, on the other hand, a device for chute introduction of the solid charge, each of these chutes being movable in translation parallel to the axis of introduction of the charges into the furnace, said axis being the trace of the vertical plane of symmetry of the loading orifice of the furnace.
  • the chute roughly horizontal or slightly inclined solid charge is provided with a pusher of said solid charge movable in translation over the entire length of the chute in order to introduce the charge into the furnace.
  • This arrangement allows not only to overcome the resistance to the 'friction of the load on the trough but also to quickly introduce a solid relatively large load volume and weight.
  • the invention also provides means, on the one hand, for the chute liquid charge, on the other hand, for the solid charge chute which provide a solution to this problem of lack of space.
  • a chute slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal for the introduction of the liquid charge coming from a neighboring auxiliary melting furnace comprises a fixed upstream element for receiving liquid metal alloy and a downstream mobile end element retractable with respect to the fixed upstream element, the chute thus being telescopic.
  • the chute provided with a pusher is tiltable between a vertical position for receiving the solid charge and an almost horizontal position for transferring this charge inside the oven by means of said pusher.
  • gravity is advantageously used to introduce the solid charge into the pusher chute, in the approximately vertical position, and the pusher is used to introduce this charge into the oven when the chute is in the approximately horizontal position.
  • the whole of this chute and its pusher is comparable to a tilting barrel which is loaded by the mouth in a position close to the vertical and which is discharged (for the charging operation) by actuation of the pusher , on the breech side, after tilting in the firing position.
  • the loading of the oven is rapid since the liquid charge is poured over a short length away from air between the tilting induction oven and the loading orifice of the tilting bar oven, and that, after transverse translation of the transfer carriage carrying the two troughs, the solid load is in turn pushed inside the furnace with sufficient force so that the load is quickly removed from the trough towards the furnace.
  • loading requires the minimum floor space between induction furnace and rod oven since, in the load receiving position, the push chute of the solid charge is in the vertically tilted position while the telescopic chute with liquid charge has a large part of its telescopic length introduced into the furnace, and that, for the introduction of the charges into the furnace, alone or roughly, the fixed upstream element of the telescopic chute of the liquid charge is at the outside of the furnace with the chute or the barrel of the solid charge in approximately the same position horizontal, only has a short length outside the oven.
  • the invention is applied to the loading of an electric melting furnace 1 with a graphite rod 2, with a loading opening 3, hermetically closable, with a pouring channel 4, opposite the opening loading 3, to fill a mold 5 shown in phantom in FIG. 1 and in section in FIG. 2, this mold being applied in leaktight manner to the pouring orifice of the channel 4.
  • the furnace 1 is carried by a cradle 6 in an arc of a circle on support rollers 7 of which at least one is a motor for tilting the furnace 1 and varying the inclination of the runner 4.
  • Furnace 1, of the reverberation type has an internal capacity of the order of, for example, several hundred kilograms of liquid metal alloy, which is placed under a controlled atmosphere inert gas under pressure, for example argon, through an intake duct 8.
  • the mold 5 to be supplied with oxidizable liquid metal alloy is for example of the sand type agglomerated by a binder. But it could just as easily be a foundry mask or a metal mold, that is to say a molding shell.
  • the mold 5 comprises a molding cavity 9, an ascending casting conduit 10 and a casting orifice 11 or supply orifice at the base of this conduit 10 and on the underside of the mold 5.
  • the supply orifice 11 of the mold 5 is intended to be applied in a sealed manner, with a certain force, to the corresponding pouring orifice of the pouring channel 4 which then bears on a stand 12 of adjustable height by known means not shown.
  • the mold 5 is blind, in the sense that the molding cavity 9 does not open onto the upper face of the mold 5 and does not communicate with it either via chimneys called vents.
  • the mold 5 may not be blind, that is to say that it could include vents.
  • the melting furnace 1 is loaded with materials constituted by the components of a metal alloy to be melted and introduced into the mold 5, on the one hand, in the form of a solid filler, on the other hand, in the form of a liquid charge.
  • a transfer carriage 13 movable in translation on a rolling track 14, orthogonal to the general direction of the runner 4, and opposite it, therefore on the side of the orifice loading 3, serves as a support for a device S for the introduction of solid charges and a device L for the introduction of liquid charge.
  • It includes a fixed hopper 15 for the gravity introduction of solid charges into a mobile chute described below, and mobile means for transferring these solid charges to the melting furnace 1, that is to say for receiving these solid charges of the fixed hopper 15 and of charging these solid charges into the melting furnace 1.
  • the hopper 15 is fixed on a platform (Fig. 9) away from the melting furnace 1 but the hopper 15 has a vertical plane of symmetry which is the same as that of the loading opening 3 of the fusion 1 and whose trace is the axis XX in FIG. 8.
  • the transfer carriage 13 carries a support and rolling chassis 16 which is orthogonal to the rolling track 14 of the transfer carriage 13.
  • the chassis 16 has a plane vertical.de symmetry which, when the transfer carriage 13 is in position b for charging a solid load, is the same as that of the loading opening 3 of the furnace 1 and the trace of which is XX in FIG. 8.
  • the chassis 16 carries a pair of endless chains 17 which are parallel to the above-mentioned vertical plane of symmetry and which are driven by a motor Ml (FIGS. 6 and 8).
  • the chassis 16 carries a secondary carriage 18 rolling on the chassis 16 in a direction parallel to said vertical plane of symmetry.
  • the secondary carriage 18 has an appendage 19 for fixing to the chains 17 (Fig 3-10-11) so that the chains 17 serve as means for driving in translation in both directions of the secondary carriage 18 (direction of approach towards the loading orifice 3 and introduction of the solid charge and backward direction, that is to say distance from the loading orifice 3).
  • the secondary carriage 18 carries a tubular chute 20 rectangular in cross section, or loading chute, which is articulated and capable of occupying two positions, one approximately vertical below the hopper 15 (Fig. 5 and 9 ) to receive the solid charge, the other horizontal for the transfer of this solid charge inside the melting furnace 1. (Fig. 3, 8, 10, 11).
  • the chute 20, of elongated shape in a direction orthogonal to the track 14 of the transfer carriage 13, and parallel to the planes of the endless chains 17 and to the vertical plane of symmetry of the loading orifice 3 , has a downstream end open on the side of the loading orifice 3 and the other upstream end closed by a pusher 28 constituting a bottom.
  • the chute 20 On the side of the closed end or the bottom, the chute 20 is secured to an articulated yoke 21 by a pin 22 of horizontal axis on bearings 22a (Fig. 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 and 11 ).
  • a crank 23 for rotating the chute 20 around the journal 22 is integral with said clevis 21. The crank 23 is actuated in rotation by the piston rod 24 of a jack 25 articulated at 26 on the support frame 18 and of rolling.
  • a cylinder 27 of great length corresponding to that of the loading chute 20 the piston rod of which carries the pusher 28 of section corresponding to the cross section rectangular of the cavity of the loading chute 20, that is to say slightly less than this cross section in order to be able to move there freely by traversing the entire length of the loading chute 20 in order to repel the contents towards the loading orifice 3 of the furnace 1, starting from an initial position where the pusher 28 serves as the bottom for the loading spout 20.
  • the pusher 28 serves as the bottom for the loading spout 20 when that this is in an approximately vertical position for receiving the solid load from the hopper 15.
  • the jack 27 is integral with the trough 20 and the yoke 21 in their articulation 22 on the bearings 22a between a horizontal or almost horizontal position, that is to say slightly inclined downwards towards the orifice. 3 loading (Fig. 3, 6, 8, 10 and 11) and a vertical position under the hopper 15 (Fig. 5 and 9).
  • the transfer carriage 13 carries a second support and rolling chassis 29 admitting a vertical plane of symmetry orthogonal to the rolling track 14 of the transfer carriage 13, and merging with the vertical plane of symmetry of the loading orifice 3 , in the charging position, the trace of which is XX in FIG. 6.
  • On this second frame 29 is mounted a telescopic chute in two parts, a fixed part upstream and a movable part downstream.
  • the fixed part is a weir 30 fixed to the frame 29.
  • the chute or pouring gutter 31 has a length sufficient to be able to introduce a liquid charge, this is that is to say a metal or an alloy in liquid form of the weir 30 which receives it or receives it from a pocket P external to the internal capacity of the melting furnace 1.
  • the pocket P can advantageously be replaced by a tilting induction oven. This length is however limited to allow the erasure of said gutter 31 outside the melting furnace 1 taking into account the space
  • the gutter 31 In the retracted or rest position, the gutter 31 is sufficiently erased to allow the transfer carriage 13 to move transversely on the track 14, relative to the melting furnace 1.
  • the gutter 31 preferably has a slight inclination relative to horizontally, this inclination descending towards the melting furnace 1. See the extension or casting position in FIG. 13.
  • the solid charge of oven 1 must include the components following most oxidizable in the liquid state, belonging to the aforementioned composition: chromium, carbon and all or part of manganese, silicon and tungsten.
  • This solid charge must be introduced into the furnace 1 using the device S.
  • the liquid charge of the furnace 1 has for composition the remainder of the above-mentioned alloy composition after the solid components have been separated from it.
  • This liquid charge therefore constitutes the following percentage by weight of the total solid and liquid charge: 71 to 74%.
  • the transfer carriage 13 rolls on track 14 to go from position a in dashed lines in FIG. 7 completely erased in the working position c of FIGS. 6 and 13.
  • the chute or pouring gutter 31 still in the retracted position, has its vertical plane of symmetry coincident with that of the loading orifice 3 of the melting furnace 1 whose cover is open
  • the second secondary carriage 32 carrying the gutter 31 is moved by the jack 33 and rolls on the second frame 29 so as to introduce the open and free end of the gutter 31 well deep inside the capacity of the melting furnace 1, penetrating through the loading orifice 3.
  • the liquid charge is poured by the external pocket P into the weir 30 which in turn pours it onto the pouring gutter 31, due to the downward slope of the weir 30.
  • the gutter casting 31 by its downward slope, in turn pours this liquid charge inside the melting furnace 1, sheltering it all the better from oxidation by contact with the atmosphere as the open end or free from the pouring gutter 31 penetrates e further in the capacity of the furnace 1.
  • the desired quantity of liquid charge has thus been introduced into the furnace 1 (that is to say the abovementioned charge of 370 kg)
  • the second secondary carriage 32 moves back to remove the chute 31 from inside the oven and return it to the retracted or retracted position under the weir 30 (Fig. 12).
  • the devices L and S are both in the erasing position or the retracted position, as in FIG. 7, the transfer carriage 13 is moved to erase the device L outside the loading area of the orifice 3 of the melting furnace 1 and bring the device S into this area, the vertical plane of symmetry of the loading chute 20 then being coincident with the vertical plane of symmetry of the orifice 3 (Fig. 3, 5, 8, ' 9, 10, 11 and position b.)
  • the jack 25 then pivots the loading chute 20 and its cylinder 27 with pusher in a quasi-vertical position so as to bring the free end of the loading chute 20 below the fixed loading hopper 15.
  • the solid load is then poured from the hopper 15 into the loading chute 20 which constitutes with the pusher 28 a very elongated container at the bottom 28 receiving the solid load in position b (FIGS. 5 and 9).
  • the jack 25 actuates the crank 23 so as to bring the loading chute 20 and its push cylinder 27 back to the almost horizontal or slightly inclined position (FIG. 3 and 10 - See also Fig. 6).
  • the motor Ml is rotated so as to cause the chains 17 to move in the direction of movement of the secondary carriage 18 towards the loading orifice 3 of the furnace, so that the loading chute 20 enters the inside the capacity of oven 1, as deep as possible (Fig. 8 and 11).
  • the motor M1 is stopped, which causes the chains 17 and the secondary carriage 18 to stop.
  • the jack 27 is then suitably supplied with pressurized fluid so that its pusher 28 advances to the inside the loading chute 20 and pushes all the solid content therein so that it discharges inside the capacity of the oven by immersing in the liquid charge already introduced into the oven, where it is quickly submerged and drowned, completely sheltered from the external oxidizing atmosphere.
  • the jack 27 is supplied in the opposite direction so as to push the pusher 28 back at the upstream end of the loading chute 20 so as to reconstitute the bottom thereof, then the motor M1 is rotated in opposite directions so as to animate the chains 17 with a translational movement in the opposite direction from the secondary carriage 18 recedes, therefore the loading chute 20 recedes outside the capacity of the oven 1.
  • the free end of the loading chute 20 then passes the threshold of the orifice 3 and returns to the erased or retracted position as at Fig. 6 or in FIG. 10.
  • the cover of the orifice 3 is then closed in a leaktight manner and the melting furnace 1 melts all the solid charge both by the heat provided by its graphite bar 2 and by that brought by the initial liquid charge.
  • the transfer carriage again moves on its transverse track 14, in position c for a next loading cycle to be carried out. starting with the liquid charge.
  • a mold 5 is applied in a leaktight manner to the pouring orifice of the runner 4 of the furnace 1 and the furnace 1 is tilted until the end of its runner 4 rests, with the weight of the mold 5, on the stand 12.
  • An inert gas under pressure is then introduced through the conduit 8 so as to fill the mold 5.
  • the inert gas pressure is lowered in order to bring the level of the liquid metal below that of the orifice of the pouring channel 4.
  • the mold 5 is removed and replaced by another mold 5
  • the pressure is again reduced by the conduit 8, inside the capacity of the furnace 1, so as to fill the new mold 5 made of metal alloy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP83108666A 1982-09-28 1983-09-02 Procédé et installation de chargement d'un four de fusion d'alliages métalliques pour alimenter des moules de fonderie Withdrawn EP0104499A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8216427 1982-09-28
FR8216427A FR2533681A1 (fr) 1982-09-28 1982-09-28 Procede et installation de chargement d'un four de fusion d'alliages metalliques pour alimenter des moules de fonderie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0104499A1 true EP0104499A1 (fr) 1984-04-04

Family

ID=9277864

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83108666A Withdrawn EP0104499A1 (fr) 1982-09-28 1983-09-02 Procédé et installation de chargement d'un four de fusion d'alliages métalliques pour alimenter des moules de fonderie

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4491303A (enExample)
EP (1) EP0104499A1 (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5980740A (enExample)
DK (1) DK441783A (enExample)
ES (1) ES525895A0 (enExample)
FI (1) FI833422A7 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2533681A1 (enExample)
IT (1) IT8367988A0 (enExample)
NO (1) NO833452L (enExample)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101228208B1 (ko) * 2004-09-03 2013-01-30 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 유화성 폴리이소시아네이트

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3616157A1 (de) * 1986-05-14 1987-11-19 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Rinnensystem zur zuleitung von fluessigem metall in einen ofen
JP6963646B2 (ja) * 2020-03-09 2021-11-10 アイシン高丘株式会社 金属材料供給装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE610323C (de) * 1935-03-07 Bruno Garlepp Beschickungsvorrichtung, insbesondere fuer Elektrooefen
DE860995C (de) * 1951-03-16 1952-12-29 Alfred Rexroth Verteilrinne
DE945781C (de) * 1950-11-29 1956-07-19 Demag Elektrometallurgie Gmbh Drehbarer, geschlossener Elektroofen
US3107797A (en) * 1960-12-02 1963-10-22 Pennsylvania Engineering Corp Scrap handling
FR1481337A (fr) * 1966-05-25 1967-05-19 Demag Ag Installation de chargement pour fours de fusion de métaux ou autres fours industriels
US3421640A (en) * 1966-05-17 1969-01-14 Pennsylvania Engineering Corp Scrap charging machine

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3396777A (en) * 1966-06-01 1968-08-13 Dow Chemical Co Process for impregnating porous solids
US3854939A (en) * 1972-04-17 1974-12-17 American Magnesium Co Method for inoculating molten metal with an inoculating material
US4060407A (en) * 1975-08-25 1977-11-29 Reactive Metals & Alloys Corporation Methods and apparatus for adding mischmetal to molten steel
CA1096179A (en) * 1977-01-18 1981-02-24 Kirk D. Miller Molten metal treatment

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE610323C (de) * 1935-03-07 Bruno Garlepp Beschickungsvorrichtung, insbesondere fuer Elektrooefen
DE945781C (de) * 1950-11-29 1956-07-19 Demag Elektrometallurgie Gmbh Drehbarer, geschlossener Elektroofen
DE860995C (de) * 1951-03-16 1952-12-29 Alfred Rexroth Verteilrinne
US3107797A (en) * 1960-12-02 1963-10-22 Pennsylvania Engineering Corp Scrap handling
US3421640A (en) * 1966-05-17 1969-01-14 Pennsylvania Engineering Corp Scrap charging machine
FR1481337A (fr) * 1966-05-25 1967-05-19 Demag Ag Installation de chargement pour fours de fusion de métaux ou autres fours industriels

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101228208B1 (ko) * 2004-09-03 2013-01-30 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 유화성 폴리이소시아네이트

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI833422A7 (fi) 1984-03-29
IT8367988A0 (it) 1983-09-23
ES8404806A1 (es) 1984-06-01
NO833452L (no) 1984-03-29
DK441783D0 (da) 1983-09-27
FI833422A0 (fi) 1983-09-23
JPS5980740A (ja) 1984-05-10
ES525895A0 (es) 1984-06-01
US4491303A (en) 1985-01-01
DK441783A (da) 1984-03-29
FR2533681A1 (fr) 1984-03-30
FR2533681B1 (enExample) 1985-02-15

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