EP0102943A1 - Sport field coating. - Google Patents

Sport field coating.

Info

Publication number
EP0102943A1
EP0102943A1 EP82900533A EP82900533A EP0102943A1 EP 0102943 A1 EP0102943 A1 EP 0102943A1 EP 82900533 A EP82900533 A EP 82900533A EP 82900533 A EP82900533 A EP 82900533A EP 0102943 A1 EP0102943 A1 EP 0102943A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
covering
layer
expanded clay
additives
sports field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82900533A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0102943B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Zurkinden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT82900533T priority Critical patent/ATE17026T1/en
Publication of EP0102943A1 publication Critical patent/EP0102943A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0102943B1 publication Critical patent/EP0102943B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/06—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
    • E01C13/065—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003 at least one in situ layer consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0094—Fibrous material being coated on one surface with at least one layer of an inorganic material and at least one layer of a macromolecular material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
    • D06N2203/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N2203/068—Polyurethanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/252—Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31826—Of natural rubber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31826—Of natural rubber
    • Y10T428/3183—Next to second layer of natural rubber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
    • Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
    • Y10T442/109—Metal or metal-coated fiber-containing scrim
    • Y10T442/124—Including a natural or synthetic rubber layer

Definitions

  • the lower or damping layer stabilized by a network of reinforcing iron contains, in addition to rubber chips that come from old vehicle tires and are bound with polyurethane, also mineral additives with which the elasticity of the layer can be adjusted to a desired value.
  • Sports field coverings produced in this way have excellent properties.
  • mineral additives Because they are made of grit, concrete gravel and / or sand, they are hygroscopic. The amount of moisture they contain therefore varies within certain limits. When producing the damping layer on the spot, it therefore depends heavily on how and where the mineral additives have been stored beforehand; it is quite possible that the moisture content changes during the production of the sports field surface by reducing this content in the later hours of the afternoon can be like in the morning at the start of work. However, this changes the properties of the covering.
  • the invention therefore aims to replace this additive with a more suitable material and thus not only to simplify the manufacture, but if possible also to be able to prepare part of the manufacturing process, so that only the actual installation has to be carried out on the spot .
  • a sports field covering of the type mentioned at the outset which meets these requirements is characterized in that the additives mentioned consist of expanded expanded clay.
  • the only drawing shows a perspective representation of a section of the sports field covering.
  • this has the same structure as the sports field covering according to the aforementioned Swiss patent 601 567, namely a lower or damping layer 1, an upper or wearing layer 2 and in between a mesh 3 of reinforcing iron stabilizing the damping layer 1.
  • Both layers contain rubber chips 4 which are produced from old vehicle tires and are bound with polyurethane.
  • the whole Covering is applied to a layer of gravel, not shown here, the so-called Reinplanie, which ensures the drainage of rain or melt water.
  • the damping layer 1 previously contained mineral additives, it is now mixed with expanded expanded clay 5, which is preferably present in the form of small balls.
  • This expanded clay has the following advantages.
  • Expanded expanded clay is more elastic than the mineral additives. Not only does the covering become more elastic, but also less sensitive to extreme temperature fluctuations.

Abstract

The covering has a lower or cushioning layer (1) and an upper or wear-resisting coating (2), between which there is a reinforcing iron netting (3). Both the layers contain rubber chips (4), which are produced from old vehicle tires. The lower layer used for cushioning impact effects on the covering, is additionally provided with spherical expanded clay (5), which gives said layer a particular elasticity and also makes it independent of atmospheric humidity during production.

Description

Sportplatzbelag Sports field surface
In der schweizerischen Patentschrift Nr. 601 567 ist ein Sportplatzbelag beschrieben, mit einer unteren Schicht zur Dämpfung von Aufpralleinwirkungen auf den Belag und einer auf derselben angebrachten dünneren Verschleissschicht. Die durch ein Netz aus Armierungs¬ eisen stabilisierte untere oder DämpfungsSchicht enthält in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ausser Gummischnitzeln, die von alten Fahrzeugreifen stammen und mit Polyurethan gebunden sind, auch noch mineralische Zusätze, mit welchen die Elastizität der Schicht auf einen gewünschten Wert einstellbar ist.In the Swiss patent specification No. 601 567, a sports field covering is described, with a lower layer for damping impact effects on the covering and a thinner wear layer applied thereon. In a preferred embodiment, the lower or damping layer stabilized by a network of reinforcing iron contains, in addition to rubber chips that come from old vehicle tires and are bound with polyurethane, also mineral additives with which the elasticity of the layer can be adjusted to a desired value.
Solcherarts hergestellte Sportplatzbeläge weisen aus¬ gezeichnete Eigenschaften auf. Hingegen ergeben sich bei ihrer Herstellung noch einige Probleme und zwar infolge der Verwendung mineralischer Zusätze. Weil diese aus Splitt, Betonkies und/oder Sand bestehen, sind sie hygroskopisch. Der in ihnen enthaltene Anteil an Feuchtigkeit variiert daher innerhalb gewisser Grenzen. Bei der Herstellung der Dämpfungsschicht an Ort und Stelle hängt es somit stark davon ab, wie und wo die mineralischen Zusätze vorher gelagert worden sind, es ist durchaus möglich, dass der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt während der Herstellung des Sportplatzbelages ändert, indem dieser Gehalt in den späteren Nachmittagsstunden geringer sein kann als am Morgen bei Beginn der Arbeit. Dadurch ändern sich aber die Eigenschaften des Belages.Sports field coverings produced in this way have excellent properties. On the other hand, there are still some problems in their manufacture, due to the use of mineral additives. Because they are made of grit, concrete gravel and / or sand, they are hygroscopic. The amount of moisture they contain therefore varies within certain limits. When producing the damping layer on the spot, it therefore depends heavily on how and where the mineral additives have been stored beforehand; it is quite possible that the moisture content changes during the production of the sports field surface by reducing this content in the later hours of the afternoon can be like in the morning at the start of work. However, this changes the properties of the covering.
Ein weiterer Umstand ergibt sich daraus, dass die genannten Zusätze wegen ihrer Porosität auch das Bindemittel, also das Polyurethan, teilweise aufsaugen und zwar in einem Ausmass, das teilweise von der Korn- grösse der Mineralien abhängt und daher eine genaue Dosierung des Bindemittels erschwert. Man ist dann bei der Herstellung auf Erfahrungswerte angewiesen, die man sich jedoch erst nach und nach erwerben kann. Sportplatzbeläge sollten aber gleich von Beginn an die richtige Zusammensetzung aufweisen. Zusätzlich erschwe¬ rend wirktsich noch der oft beachtete Umstand aus, dass bei zu hoher Feuchtigkeit der mineralischen Zusätze das Polyurethan zum Aufschäumen neigt.Another fact arises from the fact that the additives mentioned also because of their porosity Partially absorb the binder, ie the polyurethane, to an extent that depends in part on the grain size of the minerals and therefore makes it difficult to meter the binder precisely. You then have to rely on empirical values during production, which you can only gradually acquire. Sports field surfaces should have the right composition right from the start. An additional complicating factor is the often noticed fact that the polyurethane additives tend to foam when the mineral additives are too high.
Die Erfindung bezweckt daher, diesen Zusatz durch ein besser geeignetes Material zu ersetzen und damit die Herstellung nicht nur zu vereinfachen, sondern wenn möglich auch einen Teil des Herstellungsvorganges vor¬ bereiten zu können, sodass an Ort und Stelle nur noch der eigentliche Einbau vorgenommen werden muss.The invention therefore aims to replace this additive with a more suitable material and thus not only to simplify the manufacture, but if possible also to be able to prepare part of the manufacturing process, so that only the actual installation has to be carried out on the spot .
Ein Sportplatzbelag der eingangs erwähnten Art, der diesen Anforderungen entspricht, ist dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, dass die genannten Zusätze aus expandiertem Blähton bestehen.A sports field covering of the type mentioned at the outset which meets these requirements is characterized in that the additives mentioned consist of expanded expanded clay.
Die einzige Zeichnung zeigt eine perspektivische Dar¬ stellung eines Ausschnittes des Sportplatzbelages. Dieser weist im Prinzip denselben Aufbau wie der Sport¬ plätzbelag nach der erwähnten schweizerischen Patent¬ schrift 601 567 auf, nämlich eine untere oder Dämpfungs- schicht 1, eine obere oder Verschleissschicht 2 und dazwischen ein die Dämpfungsschicht 1 stabilisierendes Netz 3 aus Armierungseisen. Beide Schichten enthalten Gummischnitzel 4, die aus alten Fahrzeugreifen her¬ gestellt und mit Polyurethan gebunden sind. Der gesamte Belag wird auf eine hier nicht dargestellte Kiesschicht, die sogenannte Reinplanie, aufgebracht, welche für die Ableitung von Regen- oder Schmelzwasser sorgt. Während jedoch die Dämpfungsschicht 1 bisher mineralische Zu¬ sätze enthielt, ist sie nunmehr mit expandierten Blähton 5 versetzt, welcher vorzugsweise in Form von kleinen Kugeln vorhanden sit. Dieser Blähton hat die folgenden Vorteile.The only drawing shows a perspective representation of a section of the sports field covering. In principle, this has the same structure as the sports field covering according to the aforementioned Swiss patent 601 567, namely a lower or damping layer 1, an upper or wearing layer 2 and in between a mesh 3 of reinforcing iron stabilizing the damping layer 1. Both layers contain rubber chips 4 which are produced from old vehicle tires and are bound with polyurethane. The whole Covering is applied to a layer of gravel, not shown here, the so-called Reinplanie, which ensures the drainage of rain or melt water. However, while the damping layer 1 previously contained mineral additives, it is now mixed with expanded expanded clay 5, which is preferably present in the form of small balls. This expanded clay has the following advantages.
1. Er ist nicht porös und daher nicht hygroskopisch. Somit weist er stets dasselbe spezifische Gewicht auf, unabhängig von der Luftfeuchtigkeit, die bei der Herstellung des Sportplatzbelages herrscht oder die während der Lagerung des Blähtons vorhanden war. Dieses stets gleiche Raumgewicht ergibt auch eine gleichbleibende Qualität des Belages. Auch das bisher oft beobachtete, bei zu grossem Wassergehalt der mineralischen Zusätze auftretende Schäumen des Polyurethans, das als Bindemittel für die Gummi¬ schnitzel dient, fällt nunmehr weg.1. It is not porous and therefore not hygroscopic. Thus, it always has the same specific weight, regardless of the air humidity that prevails during the production of the sports field covering or that was present during the storage of the expanded clay. This always the same density also results in a constant quality of the covering. The foams of the polyurethane, which have often been observed so far and occur when the mineral additives contain too much water, and which serve as binders for the rubber chips, are now also eliminated.
Durch das Fehlen der Porosität wird aber nicht nur die Wasseraufnähme verhindert, sondern auch das Aufsaugen eines Anteils des Polyurethans. Dieses kann daher genau dosiert werden, was zurweiteren Gleichmässigkeit des Belages beiträgt. Ausserdem wird auch bedeutend weniger Polyurethan benötigt als bisher.The lack of porosity not only prevents water absorption, but also the absorption of some of the polyurethane. This can therefore be dosed exactly, which contributes to the further uniformity of the covering. In addition, significantly less polyurethane is required than before.
2. Dank dieser Gleichmässigkeit kann nicht nur der Blähton selber, sondernauch die ihn enthaltende Dämpfungsschicht industriell vorbereitet werden und braucht dann nur noch am Erstellungsort des Belages verlegt zu werden. Eine solche Vorfabri- kation war bei den mineralischen Zusätzen zwar auch möglich, führte jedoch zu Schwierigkeiten, weil während des Transportes ein Teil dieser Zusätze vor allem durch die unvermeidlichen Erschütterungen sich wieder aus dem Schichtma¬ terial herauslöste. Die Blähtonkugeln integrieren sich jedoch vollständig in dieses Material.2. Thanks to this uniformity, not only the expanded clay itself, but also the damping layer containing it, can be prepared industrially and then only needs to be installed at the place where the covering was created. Such a prefabrication Cation was also possible with the mineral additives, but it led to difficulties because some of these additives detached from the layer material during transport, above all due to the inevitable shocks. The expanded clay balls, however, fully integrate into this material.
3. Das konstante spezifische Gewicht der Blähton¬ kugeln lässt eine gleichmässige Herstellung auch bei unterschiedlichen Kugeldurchmessern zu. Die bei den bisher verwendeten Mineralien beobachtete Abhängigkeit der Qualität von der Korngrösse ent¬ fällt damit.3. The constant specific weight of the expanded clay balls permits uniform production even with different ball diameters. The dependence of the quality on the grain size observed with the minerals used hitherto no longer applies.
4. Expandierter Blähton ist elastischer als die mine¬ ralischen Zusätze. Nicht nur wird der Belag dadurch elastischer, sondern auch unempfindlicher gegen¬ über extremen Temperaturschwankungen.4. Expanded expanded clay is more elastic than the mineral additives. Not only does the covering become more elastic, but also less sensitive to extreme temperature fluctuations.
Durch die genannte Verwendung von Blähton wird ein sehr widerstandsfähiger und strapazierfähiger Sport¬ platzbelag erhalten.Through the use of expanded clay mentioned, a very resistant and hard-wearing sports field covering is obtained.
O PI O PI

Claims

Patentanspruch Claim
Sportplatzbelag, mit einer unteren Schicht (1) zur Dämpfung von Aufpralleinwirkungen auf den Belag, einer auf derselben angebrachten oberen Verschleiss- schicht (2) und einem dazwischen angeordneten, zur Stabilisierung der Dämpfungsschicht (1) dienenden Armierungsnetz (3) , wobei beide Schichten (1,2) Gummi¬ schnitzel enthalten, die mit Polyurethan gebunden sind, und die Dämpfungsschicht (1) ausserdem Zusätze zur Einstellung ihrer Elastizität aufweist, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, dass diese Zusätze aus expandiertem Blähton (4) bestehen.Sports field covering, with a lower layer (1) to dampen impacts on the covering, an upper wear layer (2) attached to the same and an intermediate reinforcing mesh (3) serving to stabilize the damping layer (1), both layers ( 1,2) contain rubber chips, which are bound with polyurethane, and the damping layer (1) also has additives for adjusting their elasticity, characterized in that these additives consist of expanded expanded clay (4).
O PI__O PI__
_ _
EP82900533A 1982-02-19 1982-02-19 Sport field coating Expired EP0102943B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82900533T ATE17026T1 (en) 1982-02-19 1982-02-19 SPORTS COURT.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH1982/000024 WO1983002968A1 (en) 1982-02-19 1982-02-19 Sport field coating

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0102943A1 true EP0102943A1 (en) 1984-03-21
EP0102943B1 EP0102943B1 (en) 1985-12-18

Family

ID=4539333

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82900533A Expired EP0102943B1 (en) 1982-02-19 1982-02-19 Sport field coating

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4492728A (en)
EP (1) EP0102943B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59500228A (en)
AT (1) ATE17026T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3267961D1 (en)
DK (1) DK306683A (en)
FI (1) FI833801A0 (en)
NO (1) NO832263L (en)
WO (1) WO1983002968A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5637286A (en) * 1994-03-15 1997-06-10 Kemira Chemical Oy Process for producing hydrogen peroxide

Families Citing this family (11)

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DE3439252A1 (en) * 1984-10-26 1986-05-07 Lothar 8700 Würzburg Eisner RAIL INSTALLATION MATERIAL
US4813672A (en) * 1986-12-24 1989-03-21 Harry Stille Batters' box
CA2116418A1 (en) * 1994-02-24 1995-08-25 Larry C. Hesterman Moldable materials utilizing recyclable substances
US5543172A (en) * 1994-03-18 1996-08-06 King Associates Inc. Fall zone covering for playground
US6213252B1 (en) 1996-11-08 2001-04-10 Royal Mat International Inc. Sound absorbing substrate
EP0864693A3 (en) * 1997-03-10 1999-05-06 Heidemij Realisatie B.V. Soil profile for sport pitches
US6328664B1 (en) 1999-03-24 2001-12-11 L. Bradley Hammett Sports training device
AU712910B3 (en) * 1999-06-11 1999-11-18 Masterfibre Pty Ltd Impact resistant cover
GB2392866A (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-03-17 Frank Bowers Vandal resistant polymeric recreational surfaces and tiles
AT512605B1 (en) * 2012-02-16 2015-05-15 Swietelsky Baugesellschaft M B H SPORTS FLOORING
US9512578B1 (en) * 2014-12-17 2016-12-06 Three D Plastics, Inc. Traffic cone

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DE2156255A1 (en) * 1970-11-09 1972-05-18 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Resilient composite material suitable as a covering for sports facilities
FR2365660A1 (en) * 1976-09-28 1978-04-21 Terrains Sports Const Impact covering for sports and playgrounds - composed of light concrete with heterogeneous compactness in its depth and opt. having epoxy! resin surface layer
CH601567A5 (en) * 1977-02-04 1978-07-14 Pierre Zurkinden Surfacing for sports and playing field
EP0013089B1 (en) * 1978-12-29 1983-06-15 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Laminates of cloth or other sheet material and filled crystalline polypropylenes and a method for making them

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO8302968A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5637286A (en) * 1994-03-15 1997-06-10 Kemira Chemical Oy Process for producing hydrogen peroxide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI833801A (en) 1983-10-18
FI833801A0 (en) 1983-10-18
DK306683A (en) 1983-09-01
EP0102943B1 (en) 1985-12-18
NO832263L (en) 1983-09-01
DE3267961D1 (en) 1986-01-30
DK306683D0 (en) 1983-07-01
ATE17026T1 (en) 1986-01-15
JPS59500228A (en) 1984-02-16
WO1983002968A1 (en) 1983-09-01
US4492728A (en) 1985-01-08

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