EP0102311A2 - Flüssigkeitsmotor - Google Patents

Flüssigkeitsmotor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0102311A2
EP0102311A2 EP83630118A EP83630118A EP0102311A2 EP 0102311 A2 EP0102311 A2 EP 0102311A2 EP 83630118 A EP83630118 A EP 83630118A EP 83630118 A EP83630118 A EP 83630118A EP 0102311 A2 EP0102311 A2 EP 0102311A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
spool valve
working fluid
pistons
pumping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83630118A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0102311A3 (en
EP0102311B1 (de
Inventor
Wilfred St. Laurent
Christos Athanassiu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bellofram Corp
Original Assignee
Bellofram Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bellofram Corp filed Critical Bellofram Corp
Publication of EP0102311A2 publication Critical patent/EP0102311A2/de
Publication of EP0102311A3 publication Critical patent/EP0102311A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0102311B1 publication Critical patent/EP0102311B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/143—Sealing provided on the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L23/00—Valves controlled by impact by piston, e.g. in free-piston machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/03—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with movement in two directions being obtained by two single-acting piston liquid engines, each acting in one direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F04B53/109—Valves; Arrangement of valves inlet and outlet valve forming one unit
    • F04B53/1092—Valves; Arrangement of valves inlet and outlet valve forming one unit and one single element forming both the inlet and outlet closure member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F04B9/109—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers
    • F04B9/111—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers with two mechanically connected pumping members
    • F04B9/115—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers with two mechanically connected pumping members reciprocating movement of the pumping members being obtained by two single-acting liquid motors, each acting in one direction

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fluid motors.
  • the mechanism for timing the valving means properly so that the working fluid enters and leaves the appropriate chamber at the appropriate time is susceptible to misadjustment and failure, and the valving means itself is susceptible to jamming or wearing. Excessive wear may cause the loss of a seal around the valving means.
  • This second set of valving means In the case of fluid motors which are used as pumps, a second set of valving means is required in order to control the movement of the pumped fluid.
  • This second set of valving means generally includes four separate valves.
  • the present invention provides a very simple fluid motor, in which the valving means controlling the flow of the working fluid is a single, integral member having two positions.
  • valving means as used here for valving the working fluid is meant to be exclusive of seals, although seals may be located around the valving means. Since only one part moves, there is greater reliability in this motor than in motors in which the valving means comprises more than one moving part. Also, because there is only one moving part, there is less surface area which rubs due to movement of the part, and therefore less wear on the components. It is also easier to seal a single, integral member than to seal several members. Furthermore, this single, integral member may be easily removed from the housing in order to replace seals, if that becomes necessary.
  • the embodiment of the present invention shown here also provides a simple detent means for stopping the valving member at its first and second positions; namely, there is a pair of axially spaced cannelures or grooves in the outer surface of the valving member and two spring-loaded balls in the housing adapted to fit into one or the other of the grooves when the valving means reaches either of its two operative positions.
  • the two spring-loaded balls oppose each other so that the force on the valving member is balanced. This means that a large force can be applied by the spring-loaded balls without causing the valving member to deviate from its axially-oriented direction of travel and without causing high friction forces on the valving meamber.
  • the seals between each piston and its cylinder are rolling diaphragm seals, made of fabric reinforced polymer, such as those manufactured by Bellofram Corporation.
  • the reinforcing fabric does not extend to the edge of the diaphragm but instead stops short of the edge so that there is a good seal around the perimeter of the diaphragm, thereby preventing wicking of fluid through the fibers of the fabric.
  • the fluid motor is used as a pump, and novel valving means are provided in the pumping section in order to control the flow of the pumped fluid.
  • the valving shown here is made up of only two valves, each being a combination umbrella-duck bill valve.
  • the combination umbrella-duck bill valves are very simple, pressure-controlled valves, each doing the job of at least two valves of the prior art.
  • Figure 1 shows a fluid motor 10, which in this particular case is acting as a pump.
  • the pump shown here was originally designed for pumping soda syrup but may be used in many other applications.
  • the housing of the fluid pump 10 is made in three pieces 12, 14, and 16. Inside the housing are a first cylinder 18, a second cylinder 20, a working fluid inlet port 22, two working fluid outlet conduits 24, 25, a pumping fluid inlet port 26, and a pumping fluid outlet port 28.
  • the first and second working fluid outlet conduits 24, 25 may exit the housing in two separate ports, as shown, or they may intersect and exit the housing at a single outlet port.
  • a first piston 30 and a second piston 32 are rigidly connected to each other by means of a rod 33 and are situated such that each piston is in its respective cylinder 18, 20.
  • a spool valve 34 operates in a bore 35 between the cylinders 18, 20 as a working fluid valving means for alternately providing working fluid first to the first cylinder 18 and exhausting the second cylinder 20, and then providing working fluid to the second cylinder 20 and exhausting the first cylinder 18. It is likely that the working fluid will be a pressurized fluid such as compressed air, which then exhausts into the atmosphere. However, the working fluid could instead be at a pressure lower than ambient, in which case the pistons would move opposite to the directions described herein.
  • the spool valve 34 includes a first internal conduit 36, which is in constant fluid communication with the first cylinder 18, and a second internal conduit 38, which is in constant fluid communication with the second cylinder 20.
  • a spring 42 At each end of the spool valve 34 is a spring 42, which is adapted to absorb energy from its respective piston 30, 32 and to transfer that energy to the spool valve 34.
  • the spool valve 34 also has a detent means for holding the valve in either of two operative positions.
  • the detent means includes two grooves 44, 46 in the outer surface of the spool valve 34, and a pair of opposed, spring-loaded balls 48, 50 in suitable transverse bores 49, 51 in the housing 14.
  • the two spring-loaded balls 48, 50 are adapted to fit into the annular grooves 44, 46 to stop the spool valve at two positions.
  • the spring-loaded balls 48, 50 are situated opposite each other so that the force on the spool valve 34 is balanced. Because the two ends of the spool valve 34 always see different pressures, there is always a force tending to push the spool valve in one direction or the other.
  • each cylinder 18, 20 is a rolling diaphragm seal 52, 54 which seals between each piston 30, 32 and its respective cylinder 18, 20.
  • Each diaphragm seal 52, 54 separates its respective cylinder 18, 20 into inner chambers 56, 58 and outer chambers 60, 62.
  • the inner chambers 56, 58 are in constant fluid communication with the spool valve 34, and are adapted to receive the working fluid.
  • the diaphragms 52, 54 are made of a fabric-reinforced polymer, in which the fabric does not extend all the way to the inner and outer edges of the diaphragm. This provides a good seal so that fluid is not wicked through the fibers of the fabric.
  • the outer chambers 60, 62 are in fluid communication with the pumping fluid inlet and outlet ports 26, 28 by way of conduits 61 and 63 and are adapted to receive the fluid which is being pumped. Between the outer chambers 60, 62 and the pumping inlet and outlet ports 26, 28 are located a pair of valve chambers 65, 67 containing the pumping fluid valving means 64, 66 which regulate the flow of the pumped fluid so that the fluid is pumped into the housing through the pumping fluid inlet port 26 and out of the housing through the pumping fluid outlet port 28.
  • the pumping fluid valving means is made up of two combination umbrella-duckbill valves 64, 66, said valves being in fluid communication with the outer chambers 60, 62 and with the pumping fluid ports 26, 28.
  • the first umbrella-duckbill valve 64 has an umbrella portion 70, which bears against an apertured valve plate 71 to seal the valve chamber 65 from the fluid outlet 28 when the chamber 65 pressure is less than the pumping fluid outlet pressure but flexes to allow pumped fluid to move from the first outer chamber 60 and the valve chamber 65 to the pumping fluid outlet port 28 when the pressure in the chamber 65 exceeds the outlet pressure.
  • the valve 64 also includes a duckbill portion 76, which allows pumped fluid to move from the pumping fluid inlet port 26 through the valve chamber 65 and into the first outer chamber 60 when the pressure in chambers 65 and 60 is less than the inlet pressure, but which closes when the pressure in chambers 65 and 60 exceeds the inlet pressure.
  • the second umbrella-duckbill valve 66 has an umbrella portion 74, which permits pumped fluid to move from the second outer chamber 62 to the pumping fluid outlet port 28 while preventing movement of fluid in the opposite direction, and a duckbill portion 72, which flexes to permit fluid to move from the pumping fluid inlet port 26 to the second outer chamber 62 while preventing movement of fluid in the opposite direction.
  • Assembly of the fluid motor 10 may be accomplished as follows: the spool valve 34, rod 33 which connects the pistons, and umbrella-duckbill valves 64, 66 may be inserted into position in the center member 14 of the housing.
  • the diaphragms 52, 54 and pistons 30, 32 may be fixed into place, and then the outer housing members 12, 16 may be brought into position and fixed in place either by bolting or by some other known means.
  • the outer housing members 12, 16 clamp the diaphragm seals 52, 54 in position. While this fluid motor 10 is expected to be much more reliable than previous motors, if any repairs are required, such as the replacement of a seal, the repair can usually be accomplished simply by removing one of the end members of the housing either 12 or 16. With either end member 12 or 16 removed, the spool valve 34 can be removed and all the 0-rings 40 replaced.
  • Operation of the fluid motor 10 is as follows: When the spool valve 34 is in its first position, with the balls 48, 50 located in the groove 44, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the working fluid enters the first inner chamber 56 through the working fluid inlet port 22 and through the first internal conduit 36 in the spool valve 34. At the same time, the second inner chamber 58 is exhausted through the second internal conduit 38 and through the second working fluid outlet conduit 25. Because a high pressure is acting on the first piston 30 while a low pressure acts on the second piston 32, the pistons move toward the left. When the pistons move toward the left, any fluid which is in the first outer chamber 60 will be pumped through the umbrella portion 70 of the umbrella-duckbill valve 64 and will leave the housing through the pumping fluid outlet port 28.
  • pumped fluid is pulled into the second outer chamber 62 through the pumping fluid inlet port 26 and through the duckbill portion 72 of the second umbrella-duckbill valve 66.
  • the second piston 32 moves toward the left, it contacts the spring 42 at the end of the spool valve 34.
  • the spring 42 stores up the force from the second piston 32 until the force is great enough to overcome the retaining force which is exerted by the balls 48, 50 in the groove 44.
  • the balls 48, 50 move out of the groove 44, the force which has been stored in the spring 42 is released, and the spool valve 34 is pushed toward the left until the balls 48, 50 rest in the groove 46.
  • the spool valve 34 is now in its second position, and the working fluid communication with the inner chambers 56, 58 is reversed.
  • the working fluid enters the inner chamber 58 through the working fluid inlet port 22 and through the second internal conduit 38.
  • the first inner chamber 56 is exhausted through the first internal conduit 36 and through the first working fluid outlet conduit 24.
  • the second piston 32 now sees a high pressure while the first piston 30 sees a lower pressure, the pistons will move toward the right. This causes the pumped fluid in the second outer chamber 62 to be pumped out through the umbrella portion 74 of the valve 66 and out the pumping fluid outlet 28.
  • pumped fluid will be pulled into the first outer chamber 60 through the pumping fluid inlet 26 and through the duckbill portion 76 of the first valve 64. This will continue until the first piston 30 hits the spring 42 on the left end of the spool valve 34 and compresses the spring 42 with enough force to dislodge the balls 48, 50 from the second groove 46, so that the spool valve 34 moves to the right until the balls 48, 50 fit into the first groove 44, returning the spool valve to its first position, where the process will be repeated.
  • the present embodiment of the invention provides a simple valving means made up of a single spool valve adapted to move to two operative positions.
  • the movement of the spool valve is controlled by the pistons which push the spool valve as they move back and forth, by the spring which stores the force of the piston until it is large enough to overcome the retaining force provided by the spring-loaded balls and which then releases the stored force in order to push the valve to its other position, and by the spring-loaded balls which stop the spool valve at its two positions.
  • This mechanism is simple, easily timed so that fluid communication opens and closes at the correct time, and is balanced to reduce the opportunity for hang-ups and jamming and to increase the probability for smooth operation. This mechanism is likely to experience less wear than devices of the prior art and is easily repaired in the event a malfunction does occur.
  • the valving for the pumped fluid is also simplified in this device, again increasing the reliability of the pump.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
EP83630118A 1982-07-30 1983-07-22 Flüssigkeitsmotor Expired EP0102311B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40375882A 1982-07-30 1982-07-30
US403758 1982-07-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0102311A2 true EP0102311A2 (de) 1984-03-07
EP0102311A3 EP0102311A3 (en) 1985-01-23
EP0102311B1 EP0102311B1 (de) 1987-05-20

Family

ID=23596894

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83630118A Expired EP0102311B1 (de) 1982-07-30 1983-07-22 Flüssigkeitsmotor

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0102311B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5941685A (de)
AU (1) AU1711283A (de)
BR (1) BR8304087A (de)
DE (1) DE3371666D1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA835410B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3517390A1 (de) * 1984-05-16 1985-11-21 Flojet Corp., Irvine, Calif. Fluidbetriebene pumpe
GB2162591A (en) * 1984-08-02 1986-02-05 Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kk Fluid pressure booster
WO2008015471A1 (en) * 2006-07-31 2008-02-07 About Dt Ltd A pump
DE102015007331B4 (de) * 2015-06-12 2021-07-01 Psg Germany Gmbh Doppelmembranpumpe

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2307566A (en) * 1940-07-31 1943-01-05 Wright Aeronautical Corp Pneumatic drive fuel pump
US3130877A (en) * 1960-10-07 1964-04-28 Formold Plastics Inc Dispenser and valves for same
CA887449A (en) * 1969-04-09 1971-12-07 Polypump Limited Resilient integral bodies incorporating poppet-valves
US3676026A (en) * 1971-01-07 1972-07-11 Dexter Automatic Products Co I Primer pump
DE2255414A1 (de) * 1971-11-16 1973-05-24 Rupp Co Warren Rueckschlagventil fuer pumpen
GB1359821A (en) * 1971-06-14 1974-07-10 Hedley Saw M R Reciprocating pumps and compressors
US3846048A (en) * 1972-05-02 1974-11-05 Us Navy Free piston pump
DE3042328A1 (de) * 1980-06-28 1982-01-21 Far East Engineering Co., Ltd., Hachioji, Tokyo Kolbenpumpe
EP0061706A1 (de) * 1981-03-28 1982-10-06 DEPA GmbH Druckluftgetriebene Doppelmembranpumpe

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2307566A (en) * 1940-07-31 1943-01-05 Wright Aeronautical Corp Pneumatic drive fuel pump
US3130877A (en) * 1960-10-07 1964-04-28 Formold Plastics Inc Dispenser and valves for same
CA887449A (en) * 1969-04-09 1971-12-07 Polypump Limited Resilient integral bodies incorporating poppet-valves
US3676026A (en) * 1971-01-07 1972-07-11 Dexter Automatic Products Co I Primer pump
GB1359821A (en) * 1971-06-14 1974-07-10 Hedley Saw M R Reciprocating pumps and compressors
DE2255414A1 (de) * 1971-11-16 1973-05-24 Rupp Co Warren Rueckschlagventil fuer pumpen
US3846048A (en) * 1972-05-02 1974-11-05 Us Navy Free piston pump
DE3042328A1 (de) * 1980-06-28 1982-01-21 Far East Engineering Co., Ltd., Hachioji, Tokyo Kolbenpumpe
EP0061706A1 (de) * 1981-03-28 1982-10-06 DEPA GmbH Druckluftgetriebene Doppelmembranpumpe

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3517390A1 (de) * 1984-05-16 1985-11-21 Flojet Corp., Irvine, Calif. Fluidbetriebene pumpe
GB2159586A (en) * 1984-05-16 1985-12-04 Flojet Corp Improved air driven pump
GB2162591A (en) * 1984-08-02 1986-02-05 Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kk Fluid pressure booster
WO2008015471A1 (en) * 2006-07-31 2008-02-07 About Dt Ltd A pump
DE102015007331B4 (de) * 2015-06-12 2021-07-01 Psg Germany Gmbh Doppelmembranpumpe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0102311A3 (en) 1985-01-23
JPS5941685A (ja) 1984-03-07
ZA835410B (en) 1984-04-25
DE3371666D1 (en) 1987-06-25
AU1711283A (en) 1984-02-02
BR8304087A (pt) 1984-03-07
EP0102311B1 (de) 1987-05-20

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