EP0101109A2 - Atomiseur-mélangeur - Google Patents

Atomiseur-mélangeur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0101109A2
EP0101109A2 EP83201033A EP83201033A EP0101109A2 EP 0101109 A2 EP0101109 A2 EP 0101109A2 EP 83201033 A EP83201033 A EP 83201033A EP 83201033 A EP83201033 A EP 83201033A EP 0101109 A2 EP0101109 A2 EP 0101109A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing chamber
liquid
mix
gas
atomizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83201033A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0101109A3 (en
EP0101109B1 (fr
Inventor
Hendrikus Johannus Antonius Hasenack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Publication of EP0101109A2 publication Critical patent/EP0101109A2/fr
Publication of EP0101109A3 publication Critical patent/EP0101109A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0101109B1 publication Critical patent/EP0101109B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/102—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber
    • F23D11/103—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber with means creating a swirl inside the mixing chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mix atomizer for the atomization of a liquid with gas.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for the atomization of a liquid, which apparatus is provided with a plurality of such mix atomizers.
  • liquid is taken throughout the specification and claims also to include dispersions of solid particles in a liquid and emulsions.
  • Atomizers are applied on a large scale in combustion engineering, especially for atomizing heavy liquid fuel, to promote intensive contact of liquid with combustion air for a proper combustion.
  • liquid fuel is broken up into very small droplets which droplets may be subsequently mixed with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, for example air, in a combustion chamber for combustion of the fuel.
  • Atomization is normally effected by causing a liquid to spurt under pressure from one or more orifices with special shape and dimensions.
  • Addition of a gas, for example steam to the liquid in the atomizer itself promotes the atomization of the liquid.
  • An atomizer wherein gas is added to the liquid to be atomized is in the specification and claims indicated with the expression mix atomizer. When a fuel is to be atomized it is of importance to generate sprays of liquid droplets which are substantially uniformly distributed over the outlet area of the atomizer, in order to promote an optimal combustion of the liquid in the combustion chamber.
  • the object of the present invention in to provide a mix atomizer for the atomization of a liquid with a gas which apparatus is so designed that the velocity and flux of the liquid leaving the atomizer during operation are substantially uniformly distributed over the outlet area of the atomizer, in order to generate homogeneous liquid sprays, promoting optimal use of the liquid for combustion or other purposes.
  • the mix atomizer for the atomization of a liquid with gas comprises a first mixing chamber provided with inlet means for supplying a liquid and primary gas to form a mixture of liquid and gas, said first mixing chamber debouching into a second mixing chamber having cross-sectional areas being substantially larger than the cross-sectional areas of the first mixing chamber, means for tangentially supplying secondary gas around the mixture of liquid and gas passing through the second mixing chamber during operation, the second mixing chamber debouching into an outlet nozzle, having cross-sectional areas being substantially smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the second mixing chamber, the first mixing chamber, the second mixing chamber, and the outlet nozzle having substantially coinciding longitudinal axes.
  • a plurality of the above-mentioned atomizers are combined in a single apparatus for atomization of a liquid, said apparatus having a single liquid supply and a single gas supply serving the plurality of mix atomizers.
  • the invention therefore further relates to an apparatus for the atomization of a liquid with gas, comprising a member having a longitudinal axis and being internally provided with a plurality of mix atomizers according to the invention, terminating at the outer surface of a head of the member, the member being internally provided with one liquid supply channel and one gas supply channel, first passages forming fluid communications between the liquid supply channel and the first mixing chambers of the mix atomizers, second passages for supplying primary gas from the gas supply channel into said first mixing chambers, and third passages for tangentially supplying secondary gas from the gas supply channel into the second mixing chambers of the mix atanizers.
  • Figure 1 shows a mix atomizer, cenerally indicated by reference numeral 1, for atomizing a liquid, such as a heavy liquid fuel, with a gas.
  • the mix atorizer 1 has as main components a first mixing chamber 2, a second chamber 3 being in fluid communication with the first mixing chamber 2, and an outlet nozzle 4 connected with the second mixing chamber 3. These three components have substantially coinciding longitudinal axes, while the cross-sectional areas of the second mixing chamber 3 and those of the outlet nozzle 4 are both substantially larger than the cross-sectional areas of the first mixing chamber 2. Further, the cross-sectional areas of the outlet nozzle 4 are chosen smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the second mixing chamber 3.
  • Channels 5 and 6 are arranged in the atomizer for supplying a liquid to be atomized and atomizing gas, respectively, into the first mixing chamber 2 at or near the free end thereof.
  • the channels 5 and 6 are positioned at an angle with respect to one another to promote intensive break-up of the liquid flow issuing from channel 5 by the gasflow from channel 6.
  • the mix atomizer is provided with a ring-shaped channel 7 with passages 8 forming fluid communications between the channel 7 and said mixing chamber 3.
  • These passages 8, being preferably uniformly distributed over the circumference of the second mixing chamber 3, are so positioned with respect to said second mixing chamber that gas from the ring-shaped channel 7 is tangentially introduced into said mixing chamber 3.
  • the second mixing chamber 3 Downstream of the ring-shaped channel 7 the second mixing chamber 3 has a substantially frusto-conically shaped side wall 9 tapering towards the outlet nozzle 4 thereby providing a smooth guiding for fluid from the channel 7 and the passages 8 towards the outlet nozzle 4.
  • the liquid to be atomized and steam are introduced into the first mixing chamber 2. Owing to the impact of the steam flow on the supplied liquid flow, the liquid flow is broken up into small liquid fragments in the first mixing chamber 2. The breaking up of the liquid flow is promoted by causing the steam fran the channel 6 to contact the liquid flow from the channel 5 at an angle. The so formed mixture of liquid fragments and steam enters the second mixing chamber 3, where secondary steam is added at sonic velocity to said mixture. Since the secondary steam is tangentially introduced at a high velocity into the second mixing chamber at a wide part thereof, the secondary steam will form an annulus around the core formed by the mixture of liquid fragments and primary steam from the first mixing chamber 2.
  • the major part of the tangentially introduced steam flows substantially along the frusto-conically shaped wall 9 of the second mixing chamber 3 and follows its way along the wall of the outlet nozzle 4, thereby preventing direct contact of liquid with said walls. Such a contact might easily reduce the velocity of the liquid flowing close to said walls, resulting in an irregular outflow pattern of the liquid over the outlet nozzle 4.
  • the velocity of the mixture of steam and liquid fragments is substantially increased in the outlet nozzle 4, causing a further break-up of the liquid fragments.
  • the velocity and the density of the liquid fragments over the cross section of the outlet nozzle 4 will be substantially uniform, which feature enables an effective combustion of the liquid in a not shown combustion chamber arranged downstream of the outlet nozzle 4.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 showing an apparatus for atomizing liquid, which apparatus is provided with a plurality of mix atomizers of a type discussed in the above with reference to Figure 1.
  • This atomization apparatus comprises a member 10 provided with a central channel 11 for the supply of atanization fluid to a plurality of mix atomizers 12, and with a concentrically positioned annular channel 13 for the supply of liquid, such as oil, to be atomized.
  • the mix atanizers 12 are arranged in a head 14 of the apparatus 10.
  • the distance between the outlet nozzles of adjacent mix atomizers 12 should be chosen sufficiently large to prevent interference between adjacent outflowing streams of liquid droplets.
  • a suitable arrangement of the mix atomizers 12 is the one shown in Figure 3, wherein the centres of the outlet nozzles of the mix atanizers 12 are positioned in a circular pattern, and wherein adjacent outlet nozzles are spaced apart from one another at 120 degrees.
  • the head 14 of the apparatus 10 is frusto-conically shaped whereas the mix atomizers 12 are arranged perpendicular to the outer surface of said head 14. This arrangement enables the application of more mix atomizers without the risk of interference between adjacent mix atomizers than possible when using an apparatus having a flat head and the mix atomizers being arranged perpendicular to the flat outer surface of the head.
  • Each mix atomizer 12 is provided with a first mixing chamber 15, a second mixing chamber 16 and an outlet nozzle 17, wherein the second mixing chamber 16 is substantially wider than the first mixing chamber 15.
  • the first mixing chamber 15, the second mixing chamber 16 and the outlet nozzle 17 of each mix atomizer 12 have coinciding longitudinal axes, positioned perpendicular to the frusto-conically shaped outer surface of head 14.
  • a plurality of passages 18 are provided forming fluid communications between the central channel 11 and the first mixing chambers 15. Secondary atomization fluid is supplied via tangentially arranged passages 19 to the second mixing chambers 16 of the mix atomizers 12. These passages 19 form fluid comnunications between the mix atomizers 12 and a substantially ring-shaped channel 20 connected to the central channel 11 via a passage 21.
  • the ring-shaped channel 20 surrounds the mix atomizers 12.
  • Fluid to be atomized is supplied to the first mixing chambers 15 of the mix atomizers 12 via a plurality of passages 22 forming a fluid communication between the annular liquid channel 13 and the first mixing chambers 15.
  • the mix atomizers 12 are supplied with oil and steam via a common liquid supply, viz. annular channel 13, and a common steam supply, viz. central channel 11, respectively.
  • the present invention is not restricted to mix atomizers having second mixing chambers with frusto-conically shaped walls downstream of the secondary steam inlets.
  • other shapes of tapering walls may be applied, provided that there is a smooth passage for the secondary steam from the secondary steam inlets to the outlet nozzle of the mix atomizer, guaranteeing that the secondary steam will form a shield flowing along the walls of the second mixing chamber and the outlet nozzle.
  • the mix atomizers are provided with central primary steam inlets in combination with side inlets for liquid, these inlets may also be otherwise arranged, for example a combination of central liquid inlets with side primary steam inlets may be chosen for.
  • the invention is not restricted to an apparatus with mix atomizers having the particular arrangement of a central steam channel and an annular liquid channel as shown in Figure 2. Any other suitable arrangement may be applied, provided that the mix atomizers can be supplied with steam and liquid from a cammon steam channel and a common liquid channel, respectively.
  • the invention is not restricted to an apparatus for atomization of a liquid having a frusto-conically shaped head.
  • the apparatus can be provided with a flat-shaped head.
  • the mix atomizers are preferably arranged at an acute angle with respect to the outer surface of the head having their outlet nozzles pointing away from one another to enable the positioning of a relatively large number of mix atomizers in the apparatus without the risk of interference between the fluid flows issuing from the atomizers during operation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
EP83201033A 1982-08-09 1983-07-12 Atomiseur-mélangeur Expired EP0101109B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8222903 1982-08-09
GB8222903 1982-08-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0101109A2 true EP0101109A2 (fr) 1984-02-22
EP0101109A3 EP0101109A3 (en) 1985-05-22
EP0101109B1 EP0101109B1 (fr) 1988-03-23

Family

ID=10532201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83201033A Expired EP0101109B1 (fr) 1982-08-09 1983-07-12 Atomiseur-mélangeur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0101109B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5952557A (fr)
CA (1) CA1228013A (fr)
DE (1) DE3376053D1 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ205182A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA835789B (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0278115A1 (fr) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-17 BBC Brown Boveri AG Buse de pulvérisation
FR2641365A1 (fr) * 1988-12-30 1990-07-06 Pillard Chauffage Procedes et dispositifs pour pulveriser finement un combustible liquide et bruleurs equipes de ces dispositifs
EP0598189A1 (fr) * 1992-11-17 1994-05-25 BABCOCK FEUERUNGSSYSTEME GmbH Pulvérisateur pour un brûleur à huile
EP0855563A1 (fr) * 1997-01-23 1998-07-29 LEITNER S.p.A. Canon pour la fabrication de neige
EP2110601A1 (fr) * 2008-04-15 2009-10-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brûleur
FR2947191A1 (fr) * 2009-06-30 2010-12-31 Klipair Buse de pulverisation diphasique et appareil de nebulisation la comportant
RU2445172C2 (ru) * 2010-05-25 2012-03-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кузбасский государственный технический университет имени Т.Ф. Горбачева" (КузГТУ) Форсунка для распыления жидкостей
CN108126460A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-08 姚舜 基于超声雾化的污浊气体净化方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH102855A (de) * 1922-11-11 1924-01-02 Haag Hermann Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zerstäuben flüssiger Brennstoffe.
US2764455A (en) * 1953-11-23 1956-09-25 Alfred F Seibel Vaporizing and mixing unit
FR1245788A (fr) * 1958-11-06 1960-11-10 Rorep Soc De Personnes A Respo Brûleur à combustible liquide
US3072344A (en) * 1960-12-19 1963-01-08 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Unitary y-jet spray head assembly

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH102855A (de) * 1922-11-11 1924-01-02 Haag Hermann Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zerstäuben flüssiger Brennstoffe.
US2764455A (en) * 1953-11-23 1956-09-25 Alfred F Seibel Vaporizing and mixing unit
FR1245788A (fr) * 1958-11-06 1960-11-10 Rorep Soc De Personnes A Respo Brûleur à combustible liquide
US3072344A (en) * 1960-12-19 1963-01-08 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Unitary y-jet spray head assembly

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0278115A1 (fr) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-17 BBC Brown Boveri AG Buse de pulvérisation
FR2641365A1 (fr) * 1988-12-30 1990-07-06 Pillard Chauffage Procedes et dispositifs pour pulveriser finement un combustible liquide et bruleurs equipes de ces dispositifs
EP0598189A1 (fr) * 1992-11-17 1994-05-25 BABCOCK FEUERUNGSSYSTEME GmbH Pulvérisateur pour un brûleur à huile
EP0855563A1 (fr) * 1997-01-23 1998-07-29 LEITNER S.p.A. Canon pour la fabrication de neige
EP2110601A1 (fr) * 2008-04-15 2009-10-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brûleur
US9074764B2 (en) 2008-04-15 2015-07-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Burner having a pilot burner system with swirler wings and a plurality of outlet nozzles
FR2947191A1 (fr) * 2009-06-30 2010-12-31 Klipair Buse de pulverisation diphasique et appareil de nebulisation la comportant
WO2011000868A1 (fr) * 2009-06-30 2011-01-06 Klipair Sarl Buse de pulverisation diphasique et appareil de nebulisation la comportant.
US9302280B2 (en) 2009-06-30 2016-04-05 Karim Benalikhoudja Two-phase spraying nozzle and vaporising device comprising same
RU2445172C2 (ru) * 2010-05-25 2012-03-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кузбасский государственный технический университет имени Т.Ф. Горбачева" (КузГТУ) Форсунка для распыления жидкостей
CN108126460A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-08 姚舜 基于超声雾化的污浊气体净化方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1228013A (fr) 1987-10-13
ZA835789B (en) 1984-04-25
NZ205182A (en) 1985-12-13
JPH0315491B2 (fr) 1991-03-01
EP0101109A3 (en) 1985-05-22
DE3376053D1 (en) 1988-04-28
JPS5952557A (ja) 1984-03-27
EP0101109B1 (fr) 1988-03-23

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