EP0099490B1 - Open-end spinning rotor shaped without cutting and method of manufacturing such a spinning rotor - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a non-cutting open-end spinning rotor with a collecting groove and a method for producing such an open-end spinning rotor.

So far, open-end spinning rotors have either been turned from solid or manufactured as castings, which have been brought into their final shape by machining. Such a method of manufacture is very complex, which is why a long service life was sought by coating and coating the surfaces that come into contact with the fibers. However, it is extremely difficult to get into the collecting groove, so that the hardening, the subsequent polishing and coating of this collecting groove can only be carried out with difficulty.

To avoid these difficulties, it is also known to produce open-end spinning rotors by non-cutting shaping (DE-OS 2 504 401), a metal sheet serving as the starting material, which is first brought into the shape of a pot by punching and deep-drawing. The pot is then compressed using complementary shaped or pressure rollers and pressed into the final rotor shape. The spinning rollers extend over the entire inside and outside length of the open-end spinning rotor. It has been shown that in this way it is not possible to produce spinning rotors that are useful for spinning and that the molding tool for the collecting groove also has a short service life.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a spinning rotor produced without cutting which can be used for open-end spinning and a method for producing such an open-end spinning rotor.

Another object is to create an advantageous method for balancing such thin-walled spinning rotors.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the spinning rotor in the area of the collecting groove has a surface similar to the surface of an orange, as it arises during plastic deformation without contact with molding tools. In this way, very narrow collecting groove shapes can also be produced, which otherwise could not be formed at all with the help of conventional molding tools. A surface of the collecting groove that remains unchanged during further processing also has good properties with respect to the yarn produced. Machining grooves that have a detrimental effect on the yarn are effectively avoided in the area of the collecting groove.

A collecting groove is preferably folded by a corresponding choice of shape of the shaping tools in such a way that it has a cross section which increases from the bottom of the collecting groove to the rotor center in such a way that tangents which are placed in points of the collecting groove lying opposite one another on the boundary walls of the collecting groove increasing distance from the bottom of the collecting groove enclose an increasingly larger angle between them. Due to the narrow cross-section in the area of the bottom of the collecting groove, good compression of the fibers in the collecting groove is achieved. The ever increasing cross-sectional expansion causes a low-friction thread take-off and facilitates the propagation of rotation from the thread take-off tube into the collecting groove, i.e. H. to the fiber ring located there.

The centrifugal forces that occur at today's high rotor speeds can, under certain circumstances, cause the spinning rotor to deform. In order to give the open edge, which is susceptible to deformation at high speeds, increased strength, it can be provided that it is reinforced, which is preferably designed as a flange provided on the outer circumference of the open edge of the spinning rotor. Such flanging is claimed in divisional application EPA0 154 358. The bursting speed of the spinning rotor is increased by the reinforcement, so that the rotor is suitable for higher speeds.

To produce such a chip-free open-end spinning rotor, according to the invention, the pot, which is prefabricated by stretching, is fixed in its radial position independently of shaping tools for the second plastic deformation, whereupon the peripheral wall of the pot in the region between the later collecting groove and the open edge of the pot by any one Type of plastic deformation and the area of the later collecting groove is compressed by plastic deformation towards the inside. By fixing the pot independently of the shaping tools, a perfect shaping of the collecting groove is achieved without the shaping tools coming into contact with the material in the area of the later collecting groove. This not only creates a collecting groove, but also the material is compressed in this area, so that the material here has greater strength and wear resistance than the starting material. In the case of the second plastic deformation causing compression, there are no harmful grooves in the area of the collecting groove. Since the area of the collecting groove is not mechanically touched by stretching during the entire production after the pot has been produced, extremely narrow collecting groove shapes can also be produced, which were not possible hitherto because of the necessary minimum dimensions of molding tools. As a result, the spinning rotors can be adapted to the respective spinning requirements even better than before fit. This is also reflected in a lower number of thread breaks and an improvement in the spinning results in terms of piecing friendliness and yarn values. The surface of the collecting groove or the entire interior of the spinning rotor can be made more wear-resistant by a coating or can be adapted to the material to be spun. However, good spinning results are also achieved with an unchanged surface structure of the collecting groove, which is not coated and, because of the production method according to the invention, does not show any traces of machining, such as pressing marks. This results in a good self-cleaning effect, so that the susceptibility to failure of the open-end spinning rotor according to the invention is lower compared to other chipless spinning rotors.

Because of the good spinning results that are achieved with the aid of the surfaces formed during the second plastic deformation of the pot into the shape of the final open-end spinning rotor and which are not touched by any molding tool, both the collecting groove and the sliding wall of the spinning rotor are advantageously subjected to plastic deformation against air educated.

As a method for plastic deformation for upsetting against air, pressing and pressing in particular have proven to be advantageous, which is why, according to a further feature of the invention, the sliding wall of the open-end spinning rotor is formed by multi-stage pressing of the pot or by pressing with the aid of form rollers. Depending on the material, other methods, e.g. B. pull-in method, prove to be advantageous.

When pressing through the form rollers, the pressure acting radially inwards is preferably always exerted only on a limited area of the pot which is displaced in the axial direction during the pressing. This shift in pressure pushes the material together in the area of the stroke end. This results in a particularly good folding and material compression in the area of the collecting groove with a correspondingly high wear resistance.

Depending on the desired folding and / or material compression in the area of the collecting groove, the pressure can be shifted in various ways, for example by the pressure shifting in an oscillating manner. Preferably - in an effort to particularly compact the material in the area of the collecting groove - it is provided according to the invention that the pressure shift in one or more waves always takes place from the open edge of the pot towards the collecting groove.

Open-end spinning rotors can be made from various materials, e.g. B. from aluminum, steel, spring steel, stainless steel or non-ferrous metal sheets, but also from a plastic plate. These different materials can be processed and processed differently and therefore require different treatment. For example, it is known that heat has to be applied to the plastic deformation of a plastic plate. In order to enable adaptation to the material used in the case of cold-formable materials (e.g. metal sheets), it is provided in an expedient embodiment of the method according to the invention that the number of pressure displacements and / or the pressure exerted here is adapted to that for the open end - Spinning rotor selected material is varied.

The corresponding intensity of the plastic deformation allows the spinning rotor to have a wall thickness in the area of its collecting groove which is greater than the wall thickness of the sliding wall adjoining this area. As a result, a high burst speed is achieved, so that the spinning rotor is suitable for high speeds.

When rolling, the pot is also lengthened and its open edge deformed. According to a further feature of the invention, the spinning rotor is therefore advantageously brought to the desired length after the upsetting by cutting off the excess material at the open edge.

The pot can be secured in the case of plastic deformation causing compression, by means of a stationary support and a counter support connected to the pressure rollers in the area outside the collecting groove, this securing being able to be carried out with the aid of rotating or stationary elements. However, it is useful if the pot is secured by clamping during the plastic deformation. For this purpose, it is extremely advantageous if the later spinning rotor has a hole in its base, as a result of which its attachment to a shaft, bearing pin, base body, etc. is considerably simplified. This hole is advantageously punched out of the ground during the formation of the pot. Since all operations for both plastic deformation and for punching the hole are carried out in a single working stroke, it is easily ensured that the punching and the plastic deformation are carried out concentrically to one another. The usual repeated clamping and centering processes are therefore eliminated and a lot of time is saved. The pot thus produced, which has a central hole in the bottom, is now attached to the stationary support with the aid of a holding device extending through this hole in the bottom of the pot, which can be done with the simplest of means. The device carrying the molding tool can be considerably simplified in this way.

Since any imbalance in the spinning rotor adversely affects its drive and its service life, balancing the spinning rotor is unavoidable. In the prior art, this is always done by grinding the spinning rotor on its outer circumference. But this makes it the case of a chip-free open-end spinnro Tor weakened relatively thin wall, which is to be avoided for reasons of strength, especially with regard to the high rotor speeds common today. According to the invention, a hole with a smaller diameter is punched out of the bottom of the pot for clamping during the pressing process than is later required for fastening the finished spinning rotor to its holder (e.g. rotor shaft), and the spinning rotor is formed after it has been shaped Displacement of the axis of rotation of the spinning rotor balanced in its axis of inertia, the hole which was initially punched too small being enlarged to the desired diameter. This balancing process can be used with any type of spinning rotor that is produced by plastic deformation.

Because of the good spinning results achieved by an unchanged surface compared to the starting material, this should remain essentially unchanged during the entire manufacturing process of the open-end spinning rotor, at least in its collecting groove. Therefore, in the event that the spinning rotor is protected against wear by a coating or is thereby intended to enable better spinning results, the invention provides that the starting material is already coated and the pot is only then formed from the surface material coated in this way. In this way, the surface structure of the coated starting material in the area of the collecting groove remains essentially untouched during the manufacturing process, so that good spinning results are also achieved here. This method is also advantageous for other open-end spinning rotors manufactured by plastic deformation.

Chipless shaped spinning rotors are extremely economical to produce and are therefore usually manufactured as so-called disposable parts. Nevertheless, it can be advantageous if spinning rotors formed without cutting also have a greater stability and this is kept uniformly at a certain level for a long time, as far as their behavior towards fibers is concerned. Instead of coating the starting material - or in addition to this measure - at least the inner surfaces of the finished molded spinning rotor are expediently subjected to a heat and / or chemical treatment. With the help of such a treatment, the structural structure of the material is changed - whereby the hardness is increased and tensions in the material are reduced - without, however, changing the surface quality of the spinning rotor. As a result, the good spinning results remain unaffected. Preferably, after such processing or through this processing, the finished spinning rotor is chemically and / or electrochemically deburred and polished.

The method according to the invention enables the non-cutting production of open-end spinning rotors, which on the one hand have a low weight, but on the other hand are nevertheless resistant to wear and tear and enable high speeds and which also give good yarn values. These open-end spinning rotors can be manufactured both as disposable parts with an increased wear resistance achieved only through the plastic deformation and as parts with a further increased wear resistance due to a final heat and / or chemical treatment.

• Figur 1 im Schnitt die spanlose Formung des Topfes, aus welchem anschließend der erfindungsgemäße Offenend-Spinnrotor durch Rolldrücken hergestellt wird ;
• Figur 2 einen Offenend-Spinnrotor während des erfindungsgemäßen Rolldrückvorganges im Schnitt, wobei links der Spinnrotor mit einem üblichen offenen Rand und rechts der Spinnrotor mit einem durch eine Bördelung verstärkten Rand dargestellt ist ;
• Figur 3 im Querschnitt den Bereich einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Sammelrille; und
• Figur 4 einen Offenend-Spinnrotor während des erfindungsgemäßen Formpreßvorganges im Schnitt.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it :

• 1 shows in section the chipless shaping of the pot, from which the open-end spinning rotor according to the invention is then produced by roll pressing;
• FIG. 2 shows an open-end spinning rotor during the roll pressing process according to the invention in section, the spinning rotor being shown on the left with a customary open edge and on the right the spinning rotor with an edge reinforced by a flange;
• FIG. 3 shows in cross section the area of a collecting groove designed according to the invention; and
• Figure 4 shows an open-end spinning rotor during the compression molding process according to the invention in section.

The manufacture of the open-end spinning rotor 1 according to the invention with a sliding wall 10 and a collecting groove 11, which is shown in FIG. 2 in two different exemplary embodiments, is explained below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

A surface material made of metal or plastic is used as the starting material for the manufacture of the open-end spinning rotor 1, which has a sufficiently high bursting speed to withstand a possible deformation at the high rotor speeds common today. In addition, the material should have good spinning properties. As is known from DE-PS 1 560 307, various factors play a role here, for example low tendencies towards contamination and electrostatic charging, good sliding properties with respect to fibers etc. Z. B. Sheets made of aluminum, steel, spring steel, stainless steel or non-ferrous metals, but other metals can also have the desired properties compared to the centrifugal forces and the fibers. But plastics can also be used as a starting material if they have the properties mentioned above and are suitable for non-cutting deformation. Polystyrenes (PS plastics), acrylonitrile putatin styrenes (ABS plastics) and cellulose acetates (CAB plastics) are suitable as starting materials. These plastics can be plastically deformed when exposed to heat.

For the sake of simplicity, the manufacture of a non-cutting open-end spinning rotor 1 made of cold-rolled steel sheet 2 will be described below (FIG. 1). For Production of the pot 3, a cut-pull-cut tool 4 is provided, in which the sheet 2 is inserted. The known cut-pull-cut tool 4 has as essential tool parts a cutting plate 40, on which the sheet 2 to be cut is placed. The cutting plate 40 has a cylindrical recess for receiving a cutting punch 42. Above the cutting plate 40, the tool 4 has a scraper 41, in which the cutting punch 42 is guided, which at the same time fulfills the function of a drawing ring. The cutting punch 42 is formed in its working area in the form of a hollow cylinder which has a sharp, annular separating edge 420 on its outer circumference, which cooperates with a likewise annular, sharp separating edge 400 of the cutting plate 40, which separating edge 400 delimits the recess for receiving the cutting punch 42. In the same recess of the cutting plate 40, into which the cutting punch 42 can be immersed, a hold-down device 43 is further arranged, which limits the stroke of the cutting punch 42. The hold-down device 43, like the cutting punch 42, is designed in the form of a hollow cylinder, but for reasons which will be explained later, its inside diameter is smaller than that of the cutting punch 42.

An ejector 44 is mounted in the hollow cylindrical part of the die 42; against which a drawing punch 45 located in the hollow cylindrical part of the holding-down device 43 can be moved. Both the peripheral edge 421 of the cutting die 42 facing the drawing die 45 and the peripheral edge 450 of the drawing die 45 facing the cutting die 42 are of rounded shape.

The mutually facing surfaces 440 and 454 of the ejector 44 and the drawing die 45 have a shape which corresponds to the shape of the later spinning rotor 1.

The drawing punch 45, like the cutting punch 42, the hold-down device 43 and the ejector 44, is designed as a hollow cylinder and has a sharp separating edge 451 on its inner circumference at its end facing the ejector 44. In the ejector 44, the inside diameter of which is as large as that of the drawing punch 45, a punch 46 is guided, which is solid and has a separating edge 460 which cooperates with the separating edge 451.

• Nachdem das Blech 2 ins Werkzeug 4 eingelegt worden ist (Position 20), wird der Schnittstempel 42 abgesenkt und durch Zusammenwirken der beiden kreisrunden Trennkanten 400 und 420 eine Blechscheibe 21 aus dem Blech 2 herausstanzt, die sodann vom Niederhalter 43 aufgefangen wird. Der Ziehstempel 45, der sich zunächst in seiner Position 452 befindet, wird nun nach oben geschoben, wobei die Blechscheibe 21 in die Form eines Topfes 3 gedrückt wird. Dies wird in üblicher Weise dadurch ermöglicht, daß der Außendurchmesser des Ziehstempel 45 etwas kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Schnittstempels 42, wodurch der für die Aufnahme des Topfes 3 erforderliche Platz geschaffen wird. Die runden Umfangskanten 450 und 421 ermöglichen dabei ein Nachrutschen des Materials aus der flachen Position, welche die Blechscheibe 21 zunächst eingenommen hatte. Während der Tiefzieharbeit des Ziehstempels 45 erreicht der Topf 3 den stationär angeordneten Lochstempel 46, der zuvor aus seiner Wartestellung 461 in seine (mit vollen Linien dargestellte) Arbeitsstellung gebracht worden ist. Der Lochstempel 46 stanzt nun mit seiner scharfen Trennkante 460 in Zusammenarbeit mit der scharfen Trennkante 451 des Ziehstempels 45 eine Blechscheibe 22 aus dem Boden 31 des Topfes 3 heraus. Der halbfertige bzw. fertige Topf 3 wird somit durch den Auswerfer 44 und den Ziehstempel 45 dem Lochstempel 46 in genau zentrierter Position zugeführt und beim plastischen Verformen zum Ausstanzen der Blechscheibe 22 gehalten, so daß das Loch 30 genau zentrisch zum Topf 3 entsteht. Die ausgestanzte Blechscheibe 22 fällt nun durch die Bohrung 453 des Ziehstempels 45 nach unten, von wo sie später abtransportiert werden kann.

In the description of the structure of the cut-pull-cut tool 4 described above, the discussion of drive devices etc. was omitted in order to be able to clearly and clearly illustrate the essentials. The production of the pot 3 with the aid of the tool 4 described above in its construction will now be described below:

• After the sheet metal 2 has been inserted into the tool 4 (position 20), the cutting punch 42 is lowered and a sheet metal disk 21 is punched out of the sheet metal 2 by the interaction of the two circular separating edges 400 and 420 and is then caught by the hold-down device 43. The drawing die 45, which is initially in its position 452, is now pushed upward, the sheet metal disk 21 being pressed into the shape of a pot 3. This is made possible in the usual way in that the outer diameter of the drawing die 45 is somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the cutting die 42, thereby creating the space required for receiving the pot 3. The round circumferential edges 450 and 421 enable the material to slide down from the flat position which the sheet-metal disc 21 had initially assumed. During the deep-drawing work of the drawing die 45, the pot 3 reaches the stationary punch 46, which has previously been brought out of its waiting position 461 into its working position (shown in full lines). The punch 46 now punches a sheet metal disk 22 out of the bottom 31 of the pot 3 with its sharp separating edge 460 in cooperation with the sharp separating edge 451 of the drawing punch 45. The semi-finished or finished pot 3 is thus fed by the ejector 44 and the punch 45 to the punch 46 in a precisely centered position and held during plastic deformation for punching out the sheet metal disk 22, so that the hole 30 is formed exactly in the center of the pot 3. The punched sheet metal disk 22 now falls down through the bore 453 of the drawing die 45, from where it can later be removed.

The cutting plate 40 and the stripper 41 are now removed from one another. The ejector 44 pushes the pot 3 out of the die 42 so that it can be removed from the tool 4. The excess open edge of the pot 3 which arises during the plastic deformation of the surface material (for example sheet metal 2) can optionally be cut to the desired axial length in connection with this operation when this deformation is complete.

The sheet 2 is then pushed into the new position required for this to form a new pot 3.

Depending on the material and size or shape of the desired spinning rotor 1, another drawing device or also extrusion device can be used for the plastic deformation of the surface material causing the material to stretch.

The pot 3 does not necessarily have to be made from sheet material. Depending on the material, it is also possible to produce the pot using the cold extrusion or hot press method.

The pot 3 is processed further in a roll pressing device 5, after the plastic deformation causing an expansion of the material. This roll pressing device 5 has a support 50 which has a receiving part 51 adapted to the shape of the bottom 31 of the pot 3. In the middle of the receiving part 51 is one Threaded bore 52 is provided for a screw 53, which - when it is passed through the hole 30, which was created by punching the sheet-metal disk 22 out of the bottom 31 of the pot - clamped together with a disk 54 the pot 3 on the support 50 and thus axially (as well as radially) fixed.

The roll pressing device 5 also has cooperating form rolls in the form of a press roll 7 and a form chuck 6.

The spinning or shaped chuck 6 essentially has the shape of a truncated cone, the inclination of which corresponds to the desired inclination of the sliding wall 10 of the finished spinning rotor 1. The shaped chuck 6 is so dimensioned or is arranged in the pot 3 during the roll pressing work that it can never come into contact with the later collecting groove 11 during the entire roll pressing process.

The pressure roller 7 can be moved with respect to the pot 3 both in the axial direction (double arrow 70) and in the radial direction (double arrow 71) and is rotatably mounted on an axis 72.

At the level of the later open edge 12 of the finished open-end spinning rotor 1, the roll pressing device 5 also has a cutting device 8, which can be moved in the direction of the double arrow 80 radially to the pot 3 or to the finished spinning rotor 1.

For roll pressing, the spinning rotor 1 is first attached to the support 50 with the aid of the disk 54 and the screw 53, independently of the pressure roller 7 and the shaped chuck 6, and clamped in this way. Now the shaped chuck 6 is moved into the interior of the pot 3. This assumes such a position that the entire length range of the later sliding wall 10 of the spinning rotor 1 to be formed is supported. This means that the shaped chuck 6 initially has a certain radial distance from the inner wall of the pot 3 so that this wall can be pressed radially inward against the shaped chuck 6. As a result, the shaped chuck 6 never comes into contact with the region of the collecting groove 11 of the later open-end spinning rotor 1.

To form the collecting groove 11, the pressure roller 7 is pressed in the immediate vicinity of the collecting groove 11 to be formed - on the side of the pot 3 facing away from the bottom 31 - against the outer wall of the pot 3. The support 50 is driven in the direction of the arrow 55, while the pressure roller 7 and the shaped chuck 6 are driven actively or passively (via the pot 3) in the direction of the arrows 73 and 61. Due to the one-sided pressure action on the wall of the pot 3 with respect to the later collecting groove 11, this wall is pressed radially inward only on this side of the collecting groove 11. The other side of the collecting groove 11 is formed by the essentially radial surface of the bottom 31. This base 31 is additionally supported by the support formed by the receiving part 51 and is therefore resistant to radial or axial deformation.

The collecting groove 11 of the open-end spinning rotor 1 is thus created by folding or pressing against air. In this plastic shaping which causes compression of the material, the collecting groove 11 is thus not touched by the molded chuck 6. When the formation of the collecting groove 11 has ended, the end 32 of the pot wall facing the collecting groove 11 reaches the molded chuck 6. By further rolling press with the help of the pressure roller 7 against the molded chuck 6 in the area of the pot 3 between this folded area and the open edge 12 now the sliding wall 10 of the later spinning rotor 1 is generated.

When the spinning rotor 1 has reached its final shape, the cutting device 8 is moved radially towards the spinning rotor 1 and the excess open edge 13 is separated from the spinning rotor 1. This completes the spinning rotor 1. This spinning rotor 1 is already fully operational for many purposes and, apart from a possible deburring of the open edge, requires no further processing. The spinning rotor 1 thus has a surface in the region of the collecting groove 11 which remains unaffected by the shaping rollers (spinning roller 7 and shaping chuck 6). This leads to good spinning results and also enables very narrow collecting groove cross sections.

In the method described above, the collecting groove 11 is first created by pressing. In order to particularly compact the material in the area of this collecting groove 11 and thereby give it a special wear resistance, it is advantageous if the pressure roller 7 - which in the exemplary embodiment described extends only over a limited length range of the pot 3 and thus only over this limited length range can exert a pressure on the pot 3 - in their then required lifting movement only in their direction of movement to the folded area, d. H. the later collecting groove 11, exerts pressure on the wall of the pot 3. The lifting movement of the pressure roller 7 away from the area of the collecting groove 11 takes place here without exerting pressure on the wall of the pot 3. This results in material accumulation and compaction in the area of the collecting groove 11, which leads to a greater wall thickness, thanks to which the service life of the spinning rotor 1 is increased. The shape of the collecting groove 11 can be influenced by appropriate shaping of the receiving part 51 and by an adapted pressing process.

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a collecting groove 11 produced in this way. The adjoining bottom 31 of the open-end spinning rotor 1 has the wall thickness a, which it obtained in the tool 4 during deep drawing, while the sliding wall 10, on the other hand, reduced it somewhat due to the roll pressing Has wall thickness b. However, this has no adverse effects on the service life of the spinning rotor 1, since the material in this area (the sliding wall 10) has been compressed during roll pressing and therefore has increased wear resistance. In the area of the collecting groove 11, the material has been compressed and piled up. The spinning rotor 1 therefore has a wall thickness c here which is greater than the wall thickness b of the sliding wall 10 adjoining this area and also greater than the wall thickness a in the area of the base 31. The increase in the wall thickness c depends on the intensity of the roll pressing process, as will be discussed in more detail later.

In principle, the method described can be used for a large number of collecting groove shapes, the drawing or pressing tools and shaping rollers and their movement having to be designed accordingly. The method described is particularly well suited for collecting grooves 11 which are separated from the sliding wall 10 by a change in the conicity of the inner wall of the rotor.

Figure 3 shows the area of a particularly preferred form of the collecting groove 11. This has a cross section such that tangents 93 and 94 or 95 and 96 or 97 and 98, which - in the plane defined by the rotor axis - to the boundary walls of the collecting groove 11 are placed, with increasing distance from the base 15 of the collecting groove 11 an increasingly larger angle α ₁ , eL2 or a ₃ between them. In this case, it is sufficient if only one boundary wall is angled or convex, while the other boundary wall can, under certain circumstances, also be rectilinear, viewed in cross section. Such a collecting groove 11 on the one hand enables good compression of the fibers in the fiber ring, but on the other hand also facilitates low-friction thread withdrawal from the collecting groove 11 due to the progressively widening cross section. This achieves good piecing friendliness with good yarn results.

As mentioned at the beginning, various materials are suitable as the starting material for the production of the spinning rotor 1, and in addition to the metal sheets mentioned made of aluminum, steel, spring steel or non-ferrous metals, plates made of various plastics or other materials may also prove to be suitable. For this, their properties with regard to non-cutting deformation and with respect to the fiber material as well as their wear and deformation resistance are decisive. Deep-drawing, drawing, drawing-in and pressing processes are suitable for plastic deformation.

It has been shown that this surface, which has remained untouched by the shaping rollers 6, 7, is of crucial importance for achieving good spinning results. Even collecting grooves, the surfaces of which have been polished in the usual way and only have irregularities of the order of approx. 1 ₁ 1m, are not so good in terms of tear resistance and uniformity of the yarn, number of thick or thin places, number of thread breakage points, ease of piecing and self-cleaning good results led as collecting grooves 11, which are produced in the manner described above. Investigations have shown that the surface of the collecting grooves produced according to the described method has a relatively large roughness in the order of 15 f.lm. The surface of the fully folded collecting groove 11 is somewhat similar to that of an orange with densely arranged, differently shaped and differently raised islands of different sizes. It is believed that these islands - which have been given a relatively smooth surface in the manufacture of the sheet material (e.g. sheet 2) used as the starting material (e.g. sheet 2) - have the friction between the spun yarn and the Reduce the collecting groove due to the gaps between the islands and thereby improve the yarn values. In many cases it is therefore not necessary to coat the rotor surface to improve the yarn quality.

Since, according to the described method, the manufacture of open-end spinning rotors 1 is extremely inexpensive, they can be manufactured as so-called disposable parts without further processing. However, it is entirely possible to provide a surface coating or coating, as is often also desired in the case of open-end spinning rotors which have been produced by machining.

If a surface coating is desired because, for example, the carrier material has good strength and deformation properties, but has unfavorable properties with regard to spinning (poorer yarn values), the starting or surface material (e.g. sheet metal 2) provided as the carrier material can also be used be provided with an appropriate coating. In order to achieve both the advantages of the coating and the advantages of the surface described, this coating is applied to the material, if possible, before this surface material has been subjected to non-cutting deformation. For example, a cold-rolled steel sheet can be given a zinc coating by anodizing. After the coating, this sheet known as “Zincorblech” is then brought into the shape of the spinning rotor 1 in the manner described above by punching, plastic deformation and roll pressing.

Even in the case of an open-end spinning rotor 1 made from a coated surface material, the surface in the region of the later collecting groove 11 is not subjected to any mechanical processing which could influence the surface structure. The spinning rotor 1 therefore has an essentially unchanged surface in the region of its collecting groove 11 with respect to the unshaped surface material.

Depending on the surface material to be processed, this can be pressed into the shape of the spinning rotor 1 in different ways. It is therefore expedient if the number of pressure displacements - which corresponds to the number of working strokes of the pressure roller 7 - and / or the pressure exerted on the material of the pot 3 is varied in adaptation to the material selected for the open-end spinning rotor 1. This also affects the shape of the collecting groove 11. In addition, certain materials - e.g. B. plastics - the supply of heat so that deep drawing and roll pressing is possible in the first place.

In order to increase the wear resistance of the open-end spinning rotor compared to the surface material serving as the starting material (e.g. sheet 2), a heat and / or chemical and / or electrochemical treatment of the inner surfaces is also required instead of or in addition to a coating of the starting material of the finished spinning rotor 1 possible. All known processes (hardening, annealing to relieve stress in the material, nitriding etc.) can be used for this, since these processes increase the wear resistance not by mechanical action on the surface, but by diffusing. It is also possible to subject the spinning rotor 1 to a chemical treatment such that the edge 12 cut at the end of the roll pressing is deburred and the inner surfaces of the spinning rotor 1 are polished (for example by the so-called “Carbochem” method in the case of carbon-containing steels ).

In the case of a flat material which has a higher wear resistance as such or due to a coating or due to a later heat and / or chemical or electrochemical treatment, it is not absolutely necessary to particularly compact the material in the region of the collecting groove 11. In such a case, in the case of roll pressing, in which the radially inward pressure is always exerted only over a limited length region of the pot 3, it is not necessary that the pressure shift always takes place from the open edge of the pot towards the area of the collecting groove 11. as described above. Rather, the pressure shift in the axial direction along the pot wall can be oscillating in both directions, so that the strokes of the pressure roller 7 are working strokes in both stroke directions. It is not absolutely necessary and also depends on the surface material to be processed that the pressing process begins in the vicinity of the later collecting groove 11. Rather, it is entirely possible that the spinning roller 7 begins its spinning work in the area of the open edge 12 and extends its working strokes ever further towards the area of the later collecting groove 11, the strokes following the inclination of the shaped chuck 6 - of course also in that Case in which the roll pressing begins in the vicinity of the later collecting groove 11. So that at a roll pressing beginning at the open edge 12, the shaped chuck 6 is always in the work area, it is necessary that this is adjusted in accordance with the progress of work in the axial direction to ensure that the roll pressing is always carried out in a controlled manner.

It is also possible to provide a pressure roller 7 which extends over the entire area to be pressed - i. H. extends from the open edge 12 to near the area to be folded. In this case, the pressure roller 7 can only be adjusted in the radial direction, while the shaped chuck 6 must be adjusted in the axial direction according to the progress of work.

When rolling presses, an extension and deformation of the open edge of the spinning rotor 1 cannot generally be completely avoided. In addition, processing by roll pressing is only possible over the entire length of the spinning rotor 1 if this length is greater than is to be dealt with during roll pressing. For this purpose, in the previously described method, the pot 3 is first brought over the length dimension required for the later spinning rotor 1 during deep drawing. The excess open edge 13 is therefore cut off at least once at the end of the roll pressing in connection with this using the cutting device 8 of the roll pressing device 5. However, if it should be expedient, a cutting off of an excess edge 13 can also take place with the spinning rotor 1 still in the formation or even before the roll pressing begins - that is, between the plastic deformation, e.g. B. deep drawing, and the roll pressing - are performed.

In the above description it was assumed that the pot is not moved axially during the roll pressing process, while the shaping rollers (shaping chuck 6 and spinning roller 7) are moved in the axial direction. In the embodiment described, the position of the cutting devices 8 and 81 can also be adjusted in the axial direction. Of course, it is also possible, conversely, to keep the form rollers 6 and 7 and the cutting devices 8 and 81 stationary in the axial direction and to generate the required relative movements to the pot 3 by means of an axial movement of the support 50. Open-end spinning rotors 1 are usually fastened to a shaft (DE-OS 2504401) or base body (DE-PS 2939325, FIG. 2) with the aid of screws or other axially arranged fastening means. The manner in which the hole 30 required for this was punched out of the bottom 31 of the pot 3 during the plastic deformation has been explained above. Of course, it is also possible to punch the sheet metal disk 21, from which the pots 3 are made by plastic deformation, separately from the deformation, as well as punching out the sheet metal disks 22 to form the holes 30 independently of the aforementioned first Punching process as well as from the deformation can be carried out. However, performing these steps in a single operation is particularly time-saving and therefore particularly advantageous. The hole 30 not only serves for the later attachment of the spinning rotor 1 to its shaft or base body, but also enables the clamping and thus the holding and securing of the pot 3 in the roll pressing device 5 for the duration of the roll pressing in a particularly simple manner.

In order not to have to balance the spinning rotor 1 by abrasion, which would lead to undesired weakening of the cross-section in the thin cross sections of chiplessly formed spinning rotors 1, it is provided that the spinning rotor 1 is balanced after its shaping by shifting its axis of rotation into its axis of inertia. For this purpose, the hole 30 is first punched out smaller from the bottom 31 of the pot 3 than is later required for the mounting of the spinning rotor 1 on its axis etc. The hole 30 is then enlarged to the desired diameter only when the balancing described. Such a process is known in principle (see Reprint from "workshop and production," Carl Hauser magazine Verlag GmbH, Munich 27, 92. Born in 1959, Issue 3, Page 5, Figure 9 - B ₁₎ and is therefore not explained further at this point .

It is not necessary in every case that the finished open-end spinning rotor 1 has a hole 30 in the bottom 31 (DE-PS 2 939 325, Figure 1, or DE-OS 2 939 326, Figures 1 and 3). In this case, in order to secure the spinning rotor 1 in the roll pressing device 5, an axially adjustable central sleeve (not shown) can be provided independently of the shaped chuck 6 and the pressing roller 7, which axially plunges into the interior of the pot 3 and for contacting the bottom 31 thereof is brought and thus presses the pot 3 firmly against the receiving part 51. The molded chuck 6 can then also be mounted on this sleeve.

It is important that the open-end spinning rotor 1 also offers sufficient resistance to deformation at higher speeds. Due to the folded area around the collecting groove 11, the spinning rotor 1 is reinforced in the area of its largest diameter. In order to also make the open edge 12 immune to higher speeds, according to FIG. 2 (right side) it has a reinforcement formed as a flange 14 on the outer circumference of the open edge 12 of the spinning rotor 1. As shown in FIG. 2, this flanging of the open takes place Edge 12 by exerting pressure on the open edge from changing directions (see arrows 9, 90, 91 and 92). If desired, this flanging can also be preceded by a cutting process using a radially movable cutting device 81 (see double arrow 82) in order to achieve a defined flanging 14. Other reinforcements of the open edge 12 of the spinning rotor, e.g. B. by flipping and rolling inwards instead of outwards or by putting on a ring, are quite possible.

The production of a spinning rotor 1 by roll pressing has been described above as an exemplary embodiment, but other methods of plastic deformation can also be used. It is essential for achieving the listed advantages that the starting material is first stretched during the plastic deformation, whereby a surface is created which resembles that of an orange. This surface may no longer be destroyed during further processing. During this further processing, the pot is subjected to a plastic deformation which causes the material to be compressed, in which case at least the collecting groove 11 does not come into contact with any molding tool.

A multi-stage pressing of the pot 3 against air is described below with reference to FIG. 4, the entire inner surface of the later open-end spinning rotor 1 having a surface that is not touched by molding tools.

The matrices 57 with the inserted pots 3 are located on a base plate 56. The matrice 57 has a centering pin 58 and a centering shoulder 59 for centering the pot during pressing. The centering pin 58 extends through a hole 30 arranged centrally in the bottom 31 of the pot into the interior of the pot 3, while the centering shoulder 59 encompasses the outer circumference of the pot 3.

Above the matrices 57 there is a support plate 74 which carries a plurality of shaped rings 75, 76 and 77. Each form ring 75, 76 and 77 is assigned to a different working position I, II and 111, into which the matrices 57 can be brought one after the other in a suitable manner. The shaped rings 75, 76 and 77 are designed differently in such a way that they can plastically form the pot 3 into an open-end spinning rotor 1 by pressing in three stages or steps.

First, the pot 3 (which causes a stretching) is inserted into the die 57 in the working position I, the pot 3 being precisely fixed in its radial position with the aid of the centering pin 58 and the centering shoulder 59. In a first stroke movement, which is limited by stop columns 78 and 79 attached to the support plate 74, the upper end 32 of the pot 3 is pressed somewhat radially inwards. Then the support plate 74 lifts again, the molding ring 75 releasing the pot 3 again. If necessary, a stripper (not shown) can be assigned to the shaped ring 75 for this purpose. In a suitable manner, e.g. B. with the help of a feed device, not shown, the die 57 is now brought into the working position II with the pot 3, while a new die 57 is brought into the working position I with a new pot 3. Both pots will now exposed to a second stroke. In the working position, the top 3 located there is again prepared for work in working position II, while the pretreated pot in the working position II is further plastically deformed by the molding ring 76. After the pretreated pots have been released again by the shaped rings 75 and 76, the matrices 57 with the pots are again brought into the next working position II or III by a feed movement, while a new die 57 is brought into the working position I with a new pot 3. In the now following stroke movement, the pots 3 located in the working positions I and II are plastically deformed in the manner already described, while in the working position 111 the pretreated pot receives the final rotor shape. The finished spinning rotor 1 is removed from the die located in working position III and can now be used to separate the excess edge, to reinforce the edge, for balancing etc. - as described in conjunction with the spinning rotor 1 produced by roll pressing - the other Processing can be fed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the air is pressed. In the exemplary embodiment described, a triple follow-up tool is provided for this, but the number of working strokes for the plastic deformation of the pot 3 to form the spinning rotor 1 does not play a decisive role. During this entire plastic shaping which causes the material to be compressed, the inner surface of the pot 3 is not exposed to any molding tool, so that the surface created by the plastic shaping causing expansion during the formation of the pot 3 does not give rise to this second plastic shaping which causes compression gets destroyed.

The shape of the collecting groove 11 is determined here by the shape of the die 57, in particular its centering shoulder 59, and the form rings, in particular the last form ring 77, and by the axial limitation of the pressing movement predetermined with the aid of the stop columns 78 and 79.

The above description shows that the subject of the application can be modified in many ways. Further modifications are possible by exchanging features with one another or by replacing them with equivalents and combinations thereof and fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (18)

1. Open end spinning rotor obtained by non- cutting shapind work, with a collecting groove, characterized in that the spinning rotor (1) has, in the region of its collecting groove (11), and if this region is regarded in an enlarged scale, a surface which resembles the surface of an orange, as it is produced during plastic forming without contact of forming tools.

2. Open end spinning rotor according to claim 1, characterized by a cross-sectional shape of the collecting groove which is such that tangents (93, 94 ; 95, 96 ; 97, 98) to the delimiting walls of the collecting groove (11) in mutually opposing points of the collecting groove include with each other angles (a_l ; 0:2; (x3) which progressively increase with increasing distance from the base (15) of the collecting groove (11).

3. Open end spinning rotor with a collecting groove, especially according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the open edge (12) of the spinning rotor (1) has a reinforcement (14).

4. Open end spinning rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that the reinforcement is constituted as a bead (14) provided at the outer circumference of the open edge (12).

5. Method of producing an open end spinning rotor which is non-cuttingly shaped and has a collecting groove, wherein a dished member is initially formed by stamping and stretching starting material, this dished member being then compressed so as to assume the final shape of the spinning rotor, characterized in that the prefabricated dished member is secured in its radial position independently of shaping tools for effecting the said compression, that the circumferential wall of the dished member is inwardly compressed between the collecting groove to be formed and the open edge of the dished member by any kind of plastic shaping, and the area of the collecting groove to be formed is inwardly compressed by plastic shaping against air.

6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that both the collecting groove and also the sliding wall of the open end spinning rotor are formed by compressing them against air.

7. Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the sliding wall of the open end spinning rotor is formed by multistep pressing of the dished member.

8. Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the sliding wall of the open end spinning rotor is formed by pressing it by means of shaping rollers.

9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that during compression by means of the shaping rollers, the radially inwardly acting pressure is at all times only applied to a limited area of the dished member, which area shifts axially during this pressing operation.

10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure shift always takes place from the open edge of the dished member towards the collecting groove.

11. Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the number of pressure shifts and/or the pressure exerted is varied to suit the material selected for the open end spinning rotor.

12. Method according to one or more of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the wall thickness is greater, in the vicinity of the collecting groove, than the wall thickness of the slide wall lying continguously of this area.

13. Method according to one or more of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that, after the compression, the spinning rotor is brought to the required lengthwise dimension by cutting off the superfluous material at the open edge.

14. Method according to one or more of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that, during the formation of the dished member, a hole is punched out of the base of the dished member.

15. Method according to one or more of claims 5 to 14, characterized in that, for the clamping action, a hole is stamped from the base of the dished member whose diameter is smaller than that required for the subsequently mounting of the finished spinning rotor, and that, after the spinning rotor has been formed, it is balanced by shifting its axis of rotation into its axis of inertia, the hole being increased to the required diameter.

16. Method according to one or more of claims 5 to 15, characterized in that the starting material is coated, and the dished member is then shaped from the coated starting material.

17. Method according to one or more of claims 5 to 16, characterized in that at least the inner surfaces of the already shaped spinning rotor undergoes a heat treatment and/or chemical treatment.

18. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that, when the spinning rotor has been finally shaped, it undergoes chemical and/or electrochemical de-burring and polishing.

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