EP0098450B1 - Fuel-fired heat source - Google Patents
Fuel-fired heat source Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0098450B1 EP0098450B1 EP83106034A EP83106034A EP0098450B1 EP 0098450 B1 EP0098450 B1 EP 0098450B1 EP 83106034 A EP83106034 A EP 83106034A EP 83106034 A EP83106034 A EP 83106034A EP 0098450 B1 EP0098450 B1 EP 0098450B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- line
- hot water
- heat source
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/305—Control of valves
- F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/305—Control of valves
- F24H15/32—Control of valves of switching valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/335—Control of pumps, e.g. on-off control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/254—Room temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/258—Outdoor temperature
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel-heated heat source according to the preamble of the main claim.
- Such heat sources together with the associated circuits are known as so-called circulation water heaters, which can switch a flow connection via a priority switch valve to a heating branch containing radiators and to a domestic hot water tank which is set up separately.
- boilers which are switched as required either to a central heating system or to a store, which is usually located next to them, via a priority switch valve.
- fuel-heated heat sources have become known in such a way that they have the priority switch valve and a hot water heat exchanger which works according to the flow principle and which heats the hot water as it flows through. There is no hot water storage here.
- the output of the fuel-heated heat source must be dimensioned relatively large in order to be able to supply the hot water required for bathing or showering in a correspondingly large throughput.
- relatively small heat sources can come into play if one takes into account a correspondingly long charging time for the associated store. If the heat source is dimensioned relatively large with regard to the storage capacity, there are high operational readiness losses since the heat source works cyclically on the domestic hot water tank, the downtimes of the heat sources being lost times.
- a boiler system has become known in which the actual boiler is connected in parallel to a service water storage tank in addition to a radiator-feeding branch and charges it.
- a small flow water heater is provided, which is provided directly in the boiler and is heated by the boiler water to enable the hot water supply in a continuous process.
- a three-way switch valve is available, which sends the cold, hot water to be heated, depending on the operating mode, either through the storage tank or through the flow heater. It is impossible to reheat a domestic hot water tank that has not yet been fully charged with the flow heater.
- a domestic water heater has become known from LU-A-55362, which has a hot water heater and, with respect to the hot water network, a hot water tank lying parallel to it.
- the parallel connection of the instantaneous water heater and the storage tank is due on the one hand to the supplying cold water network and on the other hand to a consumer line. If no hot water is drawn off, the boiler works on the instantaneous water heater, which in turn conveys the hot water heated in it via a circulating pump for charging the storage tank. If tap water is tapped, the tap water is only heated in the instantaneous water heater when the storage tank is below a first tap water flow rate; when it is exceeded, cold tap water flows both through the instantaneous water heater and through the storage tank to the consumer. This means that when there is a high demand for hot water, the instantaneous water heater and storage tank work in parallel. If the storage tank is inadequately heated, for example if a discharge has just been carried out shortly before, reheating the storage water is impossible.
- a boiler system has become known in which a process water storage tank is first heated by the boiler water. If its temperature is not sufficient, a reheater downstream of the domestic hot water tank is put into operation, in which the water preheated by the boiler in the domestic hot water tank is brought to its final temperature.
- an additional energy source such as gas burners, electrical heating resistors or steam heat exchangers.
- the domestic water can be reheated, but this is purchased with the disadvantage that an additional heat source is required.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a hot water central heating system in which hot water can be kept ready and heated in a hot water tank and in which, if the hot water tank charging is inadequate in the hot water branch, a reheater is provided which manages without an additional energy source.
- a heat source 1 consists of a heat exchanger 2 and a burner 3, which is fed via a fuel supply line 5 provided with a solenoid valve 4.
- the heat exchanger 2 is supplied with circulation water from a heating / process water circuit via a return line 7 provided with a circulation pump 6.
- a flow line 8 connects to the heat exchanger 2 and leads to a three-way valve 9, which is controlled by a servomotor 10, which is connected to a control unit 12 via line 11.
- the three-way valve 9 which can only move to two discrete positions or also continuously intermediate positions, has two outputs 13 and 14, the output 14 leading to a heating branch 16 having a plurality of radiators 15 connected in parallel and / or in series, the return line 17 is provided with two junction points 18 and 19 and leads to an intake port 20 of the pump 6.
- the output 13 is connected to a service water branch, which consists of a service water supply line 21, a service water flow-through heat exchanger 22, a three-way valve 23 as well as a connecting line 24 and a service water tank 25, to which a service water return line 26 is located connects, which leads via a backflow preventer 27 to the junction 18. From the three-way valve 23, which can assume end positions or continuous intermediate positions.
- the three-way valve has two valve seats, which are formed both by the input of the line 28 and by the input of the intermediate line 24 and which are more or less closable by a valve closure member 29 which is actuated by a temperature expansion sensor 30 which is exposed to the temperature of the heating water immediately after it has left the process water heater 22 via a line 31.
- the hot water supply of the fuel-heated heat source just described consists of a tap pipe 32 connected to a feeding water network, which leads into the interior 33 of the hot water tank 25.
- the connection between the intermediate line 24 and the return line 26 represents a heat exchanger tube coil 34 in the interior 33 of the water heater storage.
- a temperature sensor 35 which is connected to the control element 12 via a measuring line 36, projects into the interior 33 of the domestic water heater memory.
- Tap water leaves the interior 33 of the hot water storage tank via a connecting line 37 which leads to a pipe coil 38 which passes through the hot water heater.
- the pipe coil 38 is connected at its downstream end to a tap 39, in which a water switch 40 is arranged, which is connected to the control member 12 via a measuring line 41.
- the outflow end 42 of the tap line is controlled by a point tap valve 43.
- a temperature sensor 45 is connected to the control device via a measuring line 44, which is connected in the flow line 8 between the heat exchanger 2 and the three-way valve 9 operating as a priority switching valve.
- a control line 46 leads from the control element 12 to the electric motor which drives the pump 6.
- Another line 47 leads to a solenoid 48 of the solenoid valve 4.
- the control element 12 is still connected via sensors, not shown, the outside temperature ⁇ yes, the room temperature, and also the temperature of the line 7 between the pump 6 and the heat exchanger 2. Size X s is also applied to the control element.
- the water switch 40 registers a water flow and issues a corresponding command to the control element 12. This causes the priority switching valve 9 to be switched over to the hot water heater branch.
- cold hot water flows from the supplying water network via the Line 32 into the interior 33 of the water heater memory 25.
- the water heater memory begins to discharge. Since the hot water storage tank still has the maximum storage temperature in its flow, there is initially no temperature difference in the flow heater 22 between the hot water and the heating water. In the course of the gradual discharge of the hot water heater memory 25, there is a temperature difference here, so that heat is also released from the hot water heater branch to the hot water via the instantaneous water heater 22.
- the temperature of the heating water in the pipe 31 thus drops downstream of the instantaneous water heater 22, and the expansion temperature sensor 30 begins to move.
- the more the temperature of the process water leaving the store via the line 37 drops the more the inlet of the intermediate line 24 in the three-way valve 23 is closed and the more the inlet of the line 28 is opened, that is to say that ultimately the fuel-heated heat source is no longer connected to the series connection of instantaneous water heater 22 and memory 25, but after completion of this state only to the instantaneous water heater. 22.
- the first phase of the storage tank takes over the hot water supply, in a subsequent intermediate phase the storage tank provides the basic heating for the hot water, while the instantaneous water heater functions as a reheater and in the final phase only the instantaneous water heater takes over the hot water heating.
- the process water request is ended by closing the nozzle 43, after the end temperature level has been reached in the flow heater 22 - which happens very quickly because no heat is extracted from the flow heater - the store 25 is recharged.
- the priority switch valve 9 Based on a comparison of the measurement results of the temperature sensor 35 in comparison with its associated setpoint and the room temperature sensor, the priority switch valve 9 can assume intermediate positions, so that the memory is partially charged, but on the other hand heat is also partially supplied to the heating branch.
- the fuel-heated heat source be it a gas boiler or oil-fired instantaneous water heater, is operated with relatively long operating times, which are necessary in order to supply sufficient thermal energy to both the space heating and the storage. This means that this heat source can be operated at maximum load and with very low efficiency at full load.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine brennstoffbeheizte Wärmequelle gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches.The present invention relates to a fuel-heated heat source according to the preamble of the main claim.
. Solche Wärmequellen samt der zugehörigen Schaltungen sind einmal bekannt als sogenannte Umlaufwasserheizer, die einen Vorlaufanschluß über ein Vorrangumschaltventil einmal auf einen Radiatoren enthaltenden Heizzweig und zum anderen auf einen Brauchwasserspeicher schalten können, der getrennt aufgestellt ist.. Such heat sources together with the associated circuits are known as so-called circulation water heaters, which can switch a flow connection via a priority switch valve to a heating branch containing radiators and to a domestic hot water tank which is set up separately.
Weiterhin sind derartige brennstoffbeheizte Wärmequellen auch schon als Kessel bekanntgeworden, die entweder auf eine Zentralheizung oder auf einen in der Regel daneben stehenden Speicher über ein Vorrangumschaltventil bedarfsweise geschaltet werden.Furthermore, such fuel-heated heat sources have also become known as boilers, which are switched as required either to a central heating system or to a store, which is usually located next to them, via a priority switch valve.
Weiterhin sind brennstoffbeheizte Wärmequellen in der Form bekanntgeworden, daß sie in ihrem Inneren das Vorrangumschaltventil und einen nach dem Durchlaufprinzip arbeitenden Brauchwasser-Wärmetauscher aufweisen, der das Brauchwasser beim Durchfließen erwärmt. Hier findet keine Brauchwasserspeicherung statt.Furthermore, fuel-heated heat sources have become known in such a way that they have the priority switch valve and a hot water heat exchanger which works according to the flow principle and which heats the hot water as it flows through. There is no hot water storage here.
In diesem Fall muß die Leistung der brennstoffbeheizten Wärmequelle relativ groß bemessen werden, um das beim Baden oder Duschen benötigte warme Wasser in entsprechend großem Durchsatz liefern zu können. Bei der erstgenannten Art der brennstoffbeheizten Wärmequellen können relativ kleine Wärmequellen zum Zuge kommen, wenn man eine entsprechend lange Ladezeit des zugehörigen Speichers in Kauf nimmt. Wird die Wärmequelle bezüglich der Speicherkapazität relativ groß bemessen, so ergeben sich hohe Betriebsbereitschaftsverluste, da die Wärmequelle taktend auf den Brauchwasserspeicher arbeitet, wobei die Stillstandszeiten der Wärmequellen Verlustzeiten sind.In this case, the output of the fuel-heated heat source must be dimensioned relatively large in order to be able to supply the hot water required for bathing or showering in a correspondingly large throughput. In the case of the first-mentioned type of fuel-heated heat sources, relatively small heat sources can come into play if one takes into account a correspondingly long charging time for the associated store. If the heat source is dimensioned relatively large with regard to the storage capacity, there are high operational readiness losses since the heat source works cyclically on the domestic hot water tank, the downtimes of the heat sources being lost times.
Aus der DE-A-2 947 590 ist eine Kesselanlage bekanntgeworden, bei der der eigentliche Kessel neben einen heizkörperspeisenden Zweig auch an einen Brauchwasserspeicher parallel angeschlossen ist und diesen auflädt. Um zur Übergangs- beziehungsweise Sommerzeit Stillstandskosten für den Brauchwasserspeicher entfallen zu lassen, ist eine kleiner Durchflußwassererhitzer vorgesehen, der unmittelbar im Kessel vorgesehen ist und vom Kesselwasser erwärmt wird, um die Brauchwasserversorgung im Durchlaufverfahren zu ermöglichen. Hierzu ist ein Dreiwegeumschaltventil vorhanden, was das kalte, aufzuheizende Brauchwasser je nach Betriebsweise entweder durch den Speicher oder durch den Durchflußerhitzer schickt. Es ist hierbei unmöglich, einen noch nicht ganz auf volle Speichertemperatur aufgeladenen Brauchwasserspeicher mit dem Durchflußerhitzer nachzuheizen.From DE-A-2 947 590 a boiler system has become known in which the actual boiler is connected in parallel to a service water storage tank in addition to a radiator-feeding branch and charges it. In order to eliminate downtime costs for the domestic hot water tank during the transitional or summer time, a small flow water heater is provided, which is provided directly in the boiler and is heated by the boiler water to enable the hot water supply in a continuous process. For this purpose, a three-way switch valve is available, which sends the cold, hot water to be heated, depending on the operating mode, either through the storage tank or through the flow heater. It is impossible to reheat a domestic hot water tank that has not yet been fully charged with the flow heater.
Weiterhin ist aus der LU-A-55362 ein Haushaltswarmwasserbereiter bekanntgeworden, der einen Brauchwasserdurchlauferhitzer und bezüglich des Brauchwassernetzes einen hierzu parallel liegenden Brauchwasserspeicher aufweist. Die Parallelschaltung des Durchlauferhitzers und des Speichers liegt einerseits am speisenden Kaltwassernetz, andererseits an einer Verbraucherleitung. Wird kein Brauchwasser gezapft, so arbeitet der Kessel auf den Durchlauferhitzer, der seinerseits das in ihm erhitzte Brauchwasser über eine Umwälzpumpe zum Aufladen des Speichers fördert. Wird Brauchwasser gezapft, so wird bei aufgeladenem Speicher bei Unterschreiten eines ersten Zapfwasserdurchsatzes das Zapfwasser nur im Durchlauferhitzer aufgeheizt, bei Überschreiten strömt kaltes Brauchwasser sowohl durch den Durchlauferhitzer wie auch durch den Speicher zum Verbraucher. Somit arbeiten bei starkem Brauchwasserbedarf Durchlauferhitzer und Speicher parallel. Bei unzureichend beheiztem Speicher, beispielsweise bei einer gerade kurz vorher vorgenommenen Entladung, ist aber eine Nachheizung des Speicherwassers unmöglich.Furthermore, a domestic water heater has become known from LU-A-55362, which has a hot water heater and, with respect to the hot water network, a hot water tank lying parallel to it. The parallel connection of the instantaneous water heater and the storage tank is due on the one hand to the supplying cold water network and on the other hand to a consumer line. If no hot water is drawn off, the boiler works on the instantaneous water heater, which in turn conveys the hot water heated in it via a circulating pump for charging the storage tank. If tap water is tapped, the tap water is only heated in the instantaneous water heater when the storage tank is below a first tap water flow rate; when it is exceeded, cold tap water flows both through the instantaneous water heater and through the storage tank to the consumer. This means that when there is a high demand for hot water, the instantaneous water heater and storage tank work in parallel. If the storage tank is inadequately heated, for example if a discharge has just been carried out shortly before, reheating the storage water is impossible.
Aus der DE-C-567 487 ist eine Kesselanlage bekanntgeworden, bei der zunächst vom Kesselwasser ein Brauchwasserspeicher beheizt wird. Reicht dessen Temperatur nicht aus, so wird ein brauchwasserseitig dem Brauchwasserspeicher nachgeschalteter Nacherhitzer in Betrieb gesetzt, in dem das im Brauchwasserspeicher vom Kessel vorgeheizte Wasser auf seine Endtemperatur gebracht wird. Hierbei wird aber nicht mit dem Kessel gearbeitet, sondern unter Einschaltung einer zusätzlichen Energiequelle wie Gasbrenner, elektrische Heizwiderstände oder Dampfwärmetauscher. Bei diesem Stand der Technik kann zwar eine Nachheizung des Brauchwassers stattfinden, jedoch wird das mit dem Nachteil erkauft, daß eine zusätzliche Wärmequelle vonnöten ist.From DE-C-567 487 a boiler system has become known in which a process water storage tank is first heated by the boiler water. If its temperature is not sufficient, a reheater downstream of the domestic hot water tank is put into operation, in which the water preheated by the boiler in the domestic hot water tank is brought to its final temperature. However, this does not work with the boiler, but with the use of an additional energy source such as gas burners, electrical heating resistors or steam heat exchangers. With this prior art, the domestic water can be reheated, but this is purchased with the disadvantage that an additional heat source is required.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Warmwasserzentralheizungsanlage zu schaffen, bei der in einem Brauchwasserspeicher Brauchwasser bereitgehalten und aufgeheizt werden kann und bei der bei ungenügender Brauchwasserspeicheraufladung im Brauchwasserzweig ein Nacherhitzer vorgesehen wird, der ohne zusätzliche Energiequelle auskommt.The present invention is based on the object of providing a hot water central heating system in which hot water can be kept ready and heated in a hot water tank and in which, if the hot water tank charging is inadequate in the hot water branch, a reheater is provided which manages without an additional energy source.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe liegt in den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruches.The solution to this problem lies in the characterizing features of the main claim.
Hieraus resultiert als technischer Fortschritt ein relativ hoher Wirkungsgrad der gesamten Anlage, da die Wärmequelle zur Ladung des Speichers lange Laufzeiten bei maximalen Wirkungsgrad fährt und da aufgrund der niedrigen Speichertemperatur die Bereitschaftsverluste des Speichers klein sind.As a technical advance, this results in a relatively high efficiency of the entire system, since the heat source for charging the storage device runs for a long time at maximum efficiency and because the storage capacity readiness losses are small due to the low storage temperature.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen und besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche beziehungsweise gehen aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung hervor, die ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand einer schematischen Schaltungsdarstellung näher erläutert.Further refinements and particularly advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims or go from the following description Out, which explains an embodiment of the invention with reference to a schematic circuit diagram.
Eine Wärmequelle 1 besteht aus einem Wärmetauscher 2 und einem Brenner 3, der über eine mit einem Magnetventil 4 versehene Brennstoffzuleitung 5 gespeist ist. Dem Wärmetauscher 2 wird über eine mit einer Umwälzpumpe 6 versehene Rücklaufleitung 7 Umlaufwasser aus einem Heiz-/Brauchwasserkreis zugeführt. An den Wärmetauscher 2 schließt sich eine Vorlaufleitung 8 an, die zu einem Drei-Wege-Ventil 9 führt, das von einem Stellmotor 10 beherrscht ist, der über Stelleitung 11 mit einer Steuereinheit 12 verbunden ist.A
Das Drei-Wege-Ventil 9, das nur zwei diskrete Stellungen oder auch kontinuierlich Zwischenstellungen anfahren kann, weist zwei Ausgänge 13 und 14 auf, wobei der Ausgang 14 zu einem eine Vielzahl parallel und/oder in Serie geschalteter Radiatoren 15 aufweisenden Heizzweig 16 führt, dessen Rückleitung 17 mit zwei Einmündungsstellen 18 und 19 versehen ist und zu einem Ansaugstutzen 20 der Pumpe 6 führt. Der Ausgang 13 ist an einen Brauchwasserzweig angeschlossen, der aus einer Brauchwasserbereiter-Vorlaufleitung 21, einem Brauchwasser-Durchflu- ßwärmetauscher 22, einem Drei-Wege-Ventil 23 sowie einer Verbindungsleitung 24 und einem Brauchwasserspeicher 25 besteht, an den sich eine Brauchwasserbereiter-Rücklaufleitung 26 anschließt, die über einen Rückflußverhinderer 27 zur Einmündungsstelle 18 führt. Vom Drei-Wege-Ventil 23, das Endstellungen oder auch kontinuierliche Zwischenstellungen annehmen kann. führt ein weiterer Ausgang über eine Bypaßleitung 28, die als Bypaß zum Brauchwasserspeicher 25 geschaltet ist, zur Einmündungsstelle 19. Das Drei-Wege-Ventil weist zwei Ventilsitze auf, die sowohl von dem Eingang der Leitung 28 als auch vom Eingang der Zwischenleitung 24 gebildet sind und die von einem Ventilverschlußglied 29 mehr oder weniger verschließbar sind, das von einem Temperaturausdehnungsfühler 30 betätigt ist, der der Temperatur der Heizungswassers ausgesetzt ist, unmittelbar nachdem es über eine Leitung 31 den Brauchwasser-Durchlauferhitzer 22 verlassen hat.The three-
Die Brauchwasserführung der eben beschriebenen brennstoffbeheizten Wärmequelle besteht aus einem mit einem speisenden Wassernetz verbundenen Zapfleitungsrohr 32, das in den Innenraum 33 des Brauchwasserbereiter-Speichers 25 führt. Die Verbindung zwischen der Zwischenleitung 24 und der Rücklaufleitung 26 stellt im Innenraum 33 des Brauchwasserbereiter-Speichers eine Wärmetauscher-Rohrschlange 34 dar.The hot water supply of the fuel-heated heat source just described consists of a
In den Innenraum 33 des Brauchwasserbereiter-Speichers ragt ein Temperaturfühler 35, der über eine Meßleitung 36 mit dem Steuerglied 12 verbunden ist. Zapfwasser verläßt den Innenraum 33 des Brauchwasserbereiter-Speichers über eine Verbindungsleitung 37, die zu einer Rohrschlange 38 führt, die den Brauchwasser-Durchlauferhitzer durchsetzt. Die Rohrschlange 38 ist an ihrem abströmseitigen Ende an eine Zapfleitung 39 angeschlossen, in der ein Wasserschalter 40 angeordnet ist, der über eine Meßleitung 41 mit dem Steuerglied 12 verbunden ist. Das ausflußseitige Ende 42 der Zapfleitung ist von einem Stellenzapfventil 43 beherrscht.A
An die Steuereinrichtung ist über eine Meßleitung 44 ein Temperaturfühler 45 angeschlossen, der in der Vorlaufleitung 8 zwischen Wärmetauscher 2 und dem als Vorrangumschaltventil arbeitenden Drei-Wege-Ventil 9 angeschlossen ist. Von dem Steuerglied 12 führt eine Stelleitung 46 zu dem Elektromotor, der die Pumpe 6 antreibt. Eine weitere Stelleitung 47 führt zu einer Magnetspule 48 des Magnetventiles 4.A
Dem Steuerglied 12 sind noch über nicht dargestellte Fühler die Außentemperatur {Ja, die Raumtemperatur, ebenso die Temperatur der Leitung 7 zwischen der Pumpe 6 und dem Wärmetauscher 2, aufgeschaltet. Weiterhin ist dem Steuerglied noch die Größe Xs aufgeschaltet.The
Die Funktion der eben beschriebenen brennstoffbeheizten Wärmequelle ist wie folgt :
- Es wird davon ausgegangen, daß die ganze Anlage in einem aufgeheizten stationären Zustand ist und daß zur Zeit keine Brauchwasseranforderung besteht. Weiterhin wird vorausgesetzt, daß der
Temperaturfühler 35 im Inneren des Brauchwasserbereiter-Speichers 33 noch eine Regelabweichung mißt, daß also derSpeicher 33 noch nicht voll geladen ist. Weiterhin fordert die Zentralheizung Wärme an, der entsprechende Raumtemperaturfühler är meldet ein entsprechendes Signal auf dasSteuerglied 12. Somit geht die Wärmequelle in Betrieb, da dasSteuerglied 12 entsprechende Stellbefehle über die Stelleitung 47 auf dasGasmagnetventil 48/4 gibt und da diePumpe 6 über einen Stellbefehl auf derLeitung 46 läuft. Je nach dem Verhältnis des Wärmebedarfs des Heizzweiges wie auch des Brauchwasserbereiter-Speichers geht dasVorrangumschaltventil 9 in eine Zwischenstellung, so daß diebrennstoffbeheizte Wärmequelle 1 ihr Vorlaufwasser teilweise in denHeizzweig 16 und teilweise in den Brauchwasserbereiter-Zweig 20 gibt. Im Brauchwasserbereiter-Zweig durchfließt das heiße Vorlaufwasser zunächst denDurchlauferhitzer 22. Da kein Zapfwasser entnommen wird, ist der Durchlauferhitzer auf seinem höchsten Temperaturstand angekommen. Diese Temperatur wird demAusdehnungstemperaturfühler 31 mitgeteilt, der dasVentilverschlußglied 29 so bewegt, daß dieBypaßleitung 28 an ihrem Anlaß im Drei-Wege-Ventil 23 verschlossen ist. Somit fließt das Wasser im Brauchwasserbereiter-Zweig weiter über dieVerbindungsleitung 24 und dieRohrschlange 34 in dieRücklaufleitung 26 und von dort zurEinmündungsstelle 18. Hier vereinigen sich die Teilströme des Heiz- und Brauchwasserbereiter-Zweiges und gelangen über die Pumpe in die Rücklaufleitung 7. Bei dieser Betriebsweise steigt die Temperatur imInneren 33 des Brauchwasserbereiter-Speichers 25 laufend an, bis die Regelabweichung zu null wird, das heißt, der Speicher maximal geladen ist.
- It is assumed that the entire system is in a heated, stationary state and that there is currently no hot water requirement. Furthermore, it is assumed that the
temperature sensor 35 still measures a control deviation in the interior of thewater heater memory 33, that is to say that thememory 33 is not yet fully charged. Furthermore, the central heating system requests heat, the corresponding room temperature sensor ar reports a corresponding signal to thecontrol element 12. The heat source thus goes into operation, since thecontrol element 12 issues corresponding control commands via the line 47 to thegas solenoid valve 48/4 and since thepump 6 an actuating command is running online 46. Depending on the ratio of the heat requirement of the heating branch as well as the water heater memory, thepriority switch valve 9 goes into an intermediate position, so that the fuel-heatedheat source 1 gives its flow water partly in theheating branch 16 and partly in thewater heater branch 20. In the process water heater branch, the hot flow water first flows through theinstantaneous water heater 22. Since no water is drawn off, the instantaneous water heater has reached its highest temperature level. This temperature is communicated to theexpansion temperature sensor 31, which moves thevalve closure member 29 such that thebypass line 28 is closed in its three-way valve 23 when it is started. The water in the process water heater branch thus continues to flow via the connectingline 24 and thepipe coil 34 into thereturn line 26 and from there to theconfluence point 18. Here, the partial flows of the heater and process water heater branch come together and reach the return line 7 via the pump. In this mode of operation, the temperature inside 33 of the hotwater storage tank 25 rises continuously until the control deviation becomes zero is, that is, the memory is loaded to the maximum.
Ist das erreicht, resultiert über die Leitung 36 ein entsprechender Stellbefehl zum Steuerglied 12, das das Vorrangumschaltventil 9 über den Stellmotor 10 entsprechend verstellt. Nunmehr arbeitet die brennstoffbeheizte Wärmequelle nur noch auf dem Heizzweig 16.If this is achieved, a corresponding actuating command to the
Wird nunmehr Zapfwasser durch Öffnen des Zapfventiles 43 angefordert, so registriert der Wasserschalter 40 einen Wasserdurchfluß und gibt einen entsprechenden Befehl an das Steuerglied 12. Das veranlaßt ein Umschalten des Vorrangumschaltventiles 9 auf den Brauchwasserbereiter-Zweig-Gleichzeitig strömt kaltes Brauchwasser aus dem speisenden Wassernetz über die Leitung 32 in den Innenraum 33 des Brauchwasserbereiter-Speichers 25. Der Brauchwasserbereiter-Speicher beginnt sich zu entladen. Da der Brauchwasserbereiter-Speicher in seinem Vorlauf noch die maximale Speichertemperatur aufweist, entsteht im Durchflußerhitzer 22 zunächst keine Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Brauchwasser und Heizungswasser. Im Zuge der allmählichen Entladung des Brauchwasserbereiter-Speichers 25 gibt es hier eine Temperaturdifferenz, so daß auch über den Durchlauferhitzer 22 Wärme aus dem Brauchwasserbereiter-Zweig an das Brauchwasser abgegeben wird. Damit sinkt die Temperatur des Heizungswassers im Rohr 31 stromab des Durchlauferhitzers 22, der Ausdehnungstemperaturfühler 30 beginnt sich zu bewegen. Je stärker die Temperatur des den Speicher über die Leitung 37 verlassenden Brauchwassers sinkt, um so mehr wird der Eingang der Zwischenleitung 24 im Drei-Wege-Ventil 23 verschlossen und um so mehr wird der Eingang der Leitung 28 geöffnet, das heißt, daß letztendlich die brennstoffbeheizte Wärmequelle nicht mehr auf die Serienschaltung von Durchlauferhitzer 22 und Speicher 25 geschaltet ist, sondern nach Vollziehen dieses Zustandes nur noch auf den Durchlauferhitzer. 22.If tap water is now requested by opening the
Das heißt, daß, ausgehend vom vollgeladenen Speicher, bei Brauchwasseranforderung in der . ersten Phase der Speicher die Brauchwasserversorgung übernimmt, in einer anschließenden Zwischenphase liefert der Speicher die Grundheizung für das Brauchwasser, während der Durchlauferhitzer als Nachheizer funktioniert und während in der Schlußphase nur noch der Durchlauferhitzer die Brauchwassererwärmung übernimmt.This means that, starting from the fully loaded storage tank, when there is a hot water demand in the. The first phase of the storage tank takes over the hot water supply, in a subsequent intermediate phase the storage tank provides the basic heating for the hot water, while the instantaneous water heater functions as a reheater and in the final phase only the instantaneous water heater takes over the hot water heating.
Wird die Brauchwasseranforderung durch Schließen des Zapfventiles 43 beendet, so wird nach Erreichen des Endtemperaturniveaus im Durchlauferhitzer 22 - was recht schnell geschieht, da dem Durchlauferhitzer keine Wärme entzogen wird - der Speicher 25 wieder geladen. Aufgrund eines Vergleiches der Meßergebnisse des Temperaturfühlers 35 im Vergleich mit seinem zugehörigen Sollwert und des Raumtemperaturfühlers kann das Vorrangumschaltventil 9 Zwischenstellungen annehmen, so daß der Speicher teilweise geladen wird, andererseits aber auch dem Heizzweig teilweise wieder Wärme zugeführt wird.If the process water request is ended by closing the
Aufgrund der eben beschriebenen Wirkungsweise wird ersichtlich, daß die brennstoffbeheizte Wärmequelle 1, sei es ein Gaskessel oder ölbeheizter Durchlauferhitzer, mit relativ langen Betriebszeiten betrieben wird, die notwendig sind, um sowohl der Raumheizung als auch dem Speicher ausreichend Wärmeenergie zuzuführen. Damit kann dieser Wärmequelle mit Maximallast und mit einem bei Vollastbetrieb sehr günstigen Wirkungsgrad betrieben werden.Due to the mode of operation just described, it can be seen that the fuel-
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83106034T ATE20494T1 (en) | 1982-07-02 | 1983-06-21 | FUEL HEATED HEAT SOURCE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8219354U | 1982-07-02 | ||
DE8219354 | 1982-07-02 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0098450A2 EP0098450A2 (en) | 1984-01-18 |
EP0098450A3 EP0098450A3 (en) | 1984-08-01 |
EP0098450B1 true EP0098450B1 (en) | 1986-06-18 |
Family
ID=6741636
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83106034A Expired EP0098450B1 (en) | 1982-07-02 | 1983-06-21 | Fuel-fired heat source |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0098450B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE20494T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3364175D1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3643952A1 (en) * | 1986-01-03 | 1987-07-09 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Device for regulating the proportionate supply of differently temperature-controlled service water throughputs |
DE4028490A1 (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-03-14 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STORING A SMALL QUANTITY OF DRINKING WATER AT A Sufficiently HIGH TEMPERATURE LEVEL |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2153499A (en) * | 1984-01-27 | 1985-08-21 | Worcester Engineering Company | Improvements in water heating systems |
FR2571126A1 (en) * | 1984-09-28 | 1986-04-04 | Automatis Servitudes Manut | Water preheating device using heat recovery |
DE4011848A1 (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1991-01-03 | Vortex Gmbh Dt | HEATING WATER PROVISION |
AT393316B (en) * | 1989-10-04 | 1991-09-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE CONTINUOUS OPERATION IN THE WATER TAP ON A WALL HEATER AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
FR2722560B1 (en) * | 1994-07-18 | 1996-09-06 | Famchon Michel | GAS BOILER WITH SANITARY PREHEATING EXCHANGER |
NL1000210C2 (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1996-10-25 | Apparatenfabriek Warmtebouw B | Combi boiler with improved performance. |
FR2742214B1 (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1999-08-20 | Chaffoteaux Et Maury | APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DOMESTIC HOT WATER AND CENTRAL HEATING WATER |
GB2365953B (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2004-08-25 | George Curtis | Heating systems |
DE10320835B4 (en) * | 2003-05-08 | 2006-11-23 | Vertrieb und Großhandel von Heizungs-, Sanitär- und Elektroerzeugnissen | Method and device for load-dependent control of the volume flow in a heating circuit of a running on the flow principle device for hot water supply |
NL1037113C2 (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-01-12 | Petrus Cornelis Jozef Emmen | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CENTRAL HEATING AND THE DELIVERY OF HOT WATER. |
IT201600068864A1 (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-01-01 | Eti S N C Di Fogale Maria Elisa & Bortolato Luciano | KIT OR SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION OF THERMAL ENERGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DOMESTIC HOT WATER AND FOR HEATING AND USING THE KIT |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE567487C (en) * | 1930-04-16 | 1933-01-04 | Hans Hass Dipl Ing | Tubular water heater equipped with a hot water tank and surrounded and heated by a special branched down pipe of a hot water heating system |
FR1520519A (en) * | 1967-02-09 | 1968-04-12 | Fonderie Soc Gen De | Sophisticated installation for the production of domestic hot water |
DE2947590A1 (en) * | 1979-11-26 | 1981-05-27 | Ludwig 6754 Otterberg Rauth | Domestic hot water plant - has additional external heat exchanger with switch-over valve |
-
1983
- 1983-06-21 EP EP83106034A patent/EP0098450B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-06-21 AT AT83106034T patent/ATE20494T1/en active
- 1983-06-21 DE DE8383106034T patent/DE3364175D1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3643952A1 (en) * | 1986-01-03 | 1987-07-09 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Device for regulating the proportionate supply of differently temperature-controlled service water throughputs |
DE4028490A1 (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-03-14 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STORING A SMALL QUANTITY OF DRINKING WATER AT A Sufficiently HIGH TEMPERATURE LEVEL |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3364175D1 (en) | 1986-07-24 |
EP0098450A3 (en) | 1984-08-01 |
EP0098450A2 (en) | 1984-01-18 |
ATE20494T1 (en) | 1986-07-15 |
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