EP0097386B1 - Safety device for a knitting machine - Google Patents

Safety device for a knitting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0097386B1
EP0097386B1 EP83200777A EP83200777A EP0097386B1 EP 0097386 B1 EP0097386 B1 EP 0097386B1 EP 83200777 A EP83200777 A EP 83200777A EP 83200777 A EP83200777 A EP 83200777A EP 0097386 B1 EP0097386 B1 EP 0097386B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carriage
pulses
duration
fact
perforated strip
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EP83200777A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0097386A1 (en
Inventor
Louis Frund
Pierre-Lorrain Christinat
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Atelier de Construction Steiger SA
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Atelier de Construction Steiger SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
    • D04B35/10—Indicating, warning, or safety devices, e.g. stop motions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a safety device for a straight knitting machine intended to ensure the stopping of the carriage in the event of an abrupt change in its speed following an impact or other incident such as jamming of the yarn.
  • Another solution used consists in measuring the torque necessary for driving the carriage by means of a spring. When the carriage encounters an abnormal resistance, the torque increases suddenly and the detection of this increase makes it possible to stop the carriage. However, such detection is crude and does not necessarily prevent damage.
  • the object of the present invention is to ensure simple, rapid and reliable detection, insensitive to disturbances other than disturbances of the movement of the carriage.
  • the device comprises means for generating pulses of length inversely proportional to the speed of the carriage, means for continuously measuring the variation in length (that is to say of duration) of these pulses and means for stopping the carriage when this variation exceeds a certain reference rate.
  • a metal blade 1 provided with equidistant perforations 2.
  • This blade 1 is advantageously constituted by the blade already present on certain machines for counting needles, the spacing of the perforations 2 corresponding to the gauge of the needle beds.
  • a stirrup 3 integral with the carriage and carrying on one side an emitter, for example a light-emitting diode and, on the other side, a sensor, for example a photodiode or a phototransistor.
  • This phototransistor can advantageously be mounted on a printed circuit comprising a first amplifier stage.
  • pulses are amplified and formed so that one obtains approximately the sequence of rectangular pulses shown in FIG. 2.
  • the signal obtained is processed by a processing unit CPU which delivers a “stop” signal when the analysis of this signal reveals a sudden disturbance in the movement of the carriage.
  • Fig. 2 schematically represents the train of pulses generated by the detector 3.
  • Each perforation 2 generates a positive pulse a followed by an interval b which can also be considered as a negative pulse.
  • the rate of change in the length of the positive pulses a is measured, on the one hand, and the rate of change in the length of the negative pulses b, on the other hand.
  • the first quotient is measured at time t ', immediately after the end of a positive pulse or upon the appearance of a negative pulse, while the second quotient is measured after each negative pulse, i.e. say as soon as a positive impulse appears.
  • the length of the pulses is advantageously measured by sampling and digital processing.
  • the rate of change is calculated and compared to the reference rate using a microprocessor.
  • the factor k is controlled by the knitting program.
  • This program can be contained in the processing unit CPU.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de sécurité pour machine à tricoter rectiligne destiné à assurer l'arrêt du chariot en cas de variation brusque de sa vitesse à la suite d'un choc ou autre incident tel que bourrage du fil.The present invention relates to a safety device for a straight knitting machine intended to ensure the stopping of the carriage in the event of an abrupt change in its speed following an impact or other incident such as jamming of the yarn.

Lorsqu'une perturbation se produit pendant le tricotage, notamment lorsqu'il se produit un bourrage du fil, il est nécessaire de pouvoir arrêter rapidement le chariot car la poursuite du déplacement de celui-ci peut occasionner des dégâts considérables à la fonture et aux aiguilles. On a dès lors cherché à stopper automatiquement le chariot en cas de choc. On a notamment songé à monter un microphone piézoélectrique sur les fontures pour détecter les vibrations engendrées dans les fontures par un choc sur le chariot. I s'est avéré toutefois difficile de régler un tel détecteur pour qu'il réagisse exclusivement à des vibrations consécutives à une perturbation dangereuse du mouvement de translation du chariot.When a disturbance occurs during knitting, especially when a thread jam occurs, it is necessary to be able to quickly stop the carriage because the continued movement of the latter can cause considerable damage to the needle bed and the needles . We therefore sought to automatically stop the truck in the event of an impact. In particular, consideration has been given to mounting a piezoelectric microphone on the needle beds to detect the vibrations generated in the needle beds by an impact on the carriage. However, it has proved difficult to adjust such a detector so that it reacts exclusively to vibrations consecutive to a dangerous disturbance of the translational movement of the carriage.

Une autre solution utilisée consiste à mesurer le couple nécessaire pour l'entraînement du chariot au moyen d'un ressort. Lorsque le chariot rencontre une résistance anormale, le couple augmente brusquement et la détection de cette augmentation permet de stopper le chariot. Une telle détection est toutefois grossière et ne permet pas d'éviter à coup sûr des dégâts.Another solution used consists in measuring the torque necessary for driving the carriage by means of a spring. When the carriage encounters an abnormal resistance, the torque increases suddenly and the detection of this increase makes it possible to stop the carriage. However, such detection is crude and does not necessarily prevent damage.

Dans le but de détecter des défectuosités des aiguilles, desfontures ou des clavettes, il a été proposé de monter des jauges de contrainte sur les cames du chariot et d'afficher le signal mesuré sur l'écran d'un oscilloscope (US-A N° 3955407).In order to detect defects in needles, needlework or keys, it has been proposed to mount strain gauges on the cams of the carriage and display the measured signal on the screen of an oscilloscope (US-A N ° 3955407).

On a également proposé de surveiller les aiguilles d'une machine à tricoter, afin de détecter les aiguilles endommagées ou manquantes, au moyen d'un dispositif de palpage photoélectrique captant la lumière réfléchie par les aiguilles, dans lequel un circuit d'interprétation du signal répond à l'intervalle de temps observé entre les impulsions successives délivrées par le dispositif de palpage et correspondant à des aiguilles présentes et intactes (FR-A N° 2005725). Ce dispositif ne détecte pas un freinage du chariot. Il dépend en outre de la qualité de surface de la tête des aiguilles.It has also been proposed to monitor the needles of a knitting machine, in order to detect damaged or missing needles, by means of a photoelectric feeler device capturing the light reflected by the needles, in which a signal interpretation circuit responds to the time interval observed between the successive pulses delivered by the probing device and corresponding to needles present and intact (FR-A N ° 2005725). This device does not detect braking of the truck. It also depends on the surface quality of the head of the needles.

La présente invention a pour but d'assurer une détection simple, rapide et sûre, insensible aux pe- rurbations autres que les perturbations du mouvement du chariot.The object of the present invention is to ensure simple, rapid and reliable detection, insensitive to disturbances other than disturbances of the movement of the carriage.

A cet effet, le dispositif selon l'invention comprend des moyens pour engendrer des impulsions de longueur inversement proportionnelle à la vitesse du chariot, des moyens pour mesurer de façon continue la variation de longueur (c'est-à-dire de durée) de ces impulsions et des moyens pour stopper le chariot lorsque cette variation dépasse un certain taux de référence.To this end, the device according to the invention comprises means for generating pulses of length inversely proportional to the speed of the carriage, means for continuously measuring the variation in length (that is to say of duration) of these pulses and means for stopping the carriage when this variation exceeds a certain reference rate.

De manière à réduire au minimum le temps de réaction du dispositif, on mesure non seulement la variation entre deux impulsions successives, mais également la variation entre les intervalles successifs entre les impulsions qui se suivent.In order to minimize the reaction time of the device, not only the variation between two successive pulses is measured, but also the variation between the successive intervals between the successive pulses.

Une forme d'exécution de l'invention sera décrite, à titre d'exemple, au moyen du dessin annexé.

  • La fig. 1 représente schématiquement le dispositif de formation des impulsions.
  • La fig. 2 représente un train d'impulsions perturbé par un brusque freinage du chariot consécutif à un choc.
An embodiment of the invention will be described, by way of example, by means of the appended drawing.
  • Fig. 1 schematically represents the device for forming pulses.
  • Fig. 2 shows a train of pulses disturbed by sudden braking of the carriage following an impact.

Parallèlement à l'une des fontures de la machine à tricoter est montée une lame métallique 1 munie de perforations équidistantes 2. Cette lame 1 est avantageusement constituée par la lame déjà présente sur certaines machines pour le comptage des aiguilles, l'écartement des perforations 2 correspondant à la jauge des fontures. Le long de cette lame se déplace un étrier 3, solidaire du chariot et portant d'un côté un émetteur, par exemple une diode électroluminescente et, de l'autre côté, un capteur, par exemple une photodiode ou un phototransistor. Ce phototransistor peut être avantageusement monté sur un circuit imprimé comportant un premier étage amplificateur. Lors du déplacement du chariot la succession des fentes 2 provoque l'apparition d'impulsions dont la longueur est inversement proportionnelle à la vitesse de translation du chariot. Ces impulsions sont amplifiées et formées de telle sorte que l'on obtient approximativement la suite d'impulsions rectangulaires représentées à la fig. 2. Le signal obtenu est traité par une unité de traitement CPU qui délivre un signal «stop» lorsque l'analyse de ce signal fait reconnaître une brusque perturbation dans le mouvement du chariot.Parallel to one of the needlework of the knitting machine is mounted a metal blade 1 provided with equidistant perforations 2. This blade 1 is advantageously constituted by the blade already present on certain machines for counting needles, the spacing of the perforations 2 corresponding to the gauge of the needle beds. Along this blade moves a stirrup 3, integral with the carriage and carrying on one side an emitter, for example a light-emitting diode and, on the other side, a sensor, for example a photodiode or a phototransistor. This phototransistor can advantageously be mounted on a printed circuit comprising a first amplifier stage. When the carriage moves, the succession of slots 2 causes the appearance of pulses whose length is inversely proportional to the speed of translation of the carriage. These pulses are amplified and formed so that one obtains approximately the sequence of rectangular pulses shown in FIG. 2. The signal obtained is processed by a processing unit CPU which delivers a “stop” signal when the analysis of this signal reveals a sudden disturbance in the movement of the carriage.

La fig. 2 représente schématiquement le train d'impulsions engendrées par le détecteur 3. Chaque perforation 2 engendre une impulsion positive a suivie d'un intervalle b que l'on peut considérer également comme une impulsion négative. Au moyen d'un circuit adéquat on mesure, d'une part, le taux de variation de la longueur des impulsions positives a et, d'autre part, le taux de variation de la longueur des impulsions négatives b. On mesure plus précisément les quotients:Fig. 2 schematically represents the train of pulses generated by the detector 3. Each perforation 2 generates a positive pulse a followed by an interval b which can also be considered as a negative pulse. By means of a suitable circuit, the rate of change in the length of the positive pulses a is measured, on the one hand, and the rate of change in the length of the negative pulses b, on the other hand. We measure the quotients more precisely:

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0001

Le premier quotient est mesuré à l'instant t', immédiatement après la fin d'une impulsion positive ou dès l'apparition d'une impulsion négative, tandis que le second quotient est mesuré après chaque impulsion négative, c'est-à-dire dès l'apparition d'une impulsion positive. La longueur des impulsions est avantageusement mesurée par échantillonnage et traitement numérique. Le taux de variation est calculé et comparé au taux de référence au moyen d'un microprocesseur.The first quotient is measured at time t ', immediately after the end of a positive pulse or upon the appearance of a negative pulse, while the second quotient is measured after each negative pulse, i.e. say as soon as a positive impulse appears. The length of the pulses is advantageously measured by sampling and digital processing. The rate of change is calculated and compared to the reference rate using a microprocessor.

Si le chariot est brusquement freiné à la suite d'un choc, il apparaît tout à coup une impulsion a d'une durée a' plus longue que la durée a' de l'impulsion précédente. De même, en général, l'intervalle b" sera plus long que l'intervalle b'. Il est possible par contre que l'impulsion positive suivante soit plus courte qu'une impulsion normale. C'est pourquoi l'on mesure la valeur absolue de la différence. Le chariot est stoppé si le quotient:

Figure imgb0002
est supérieur à une valeur k limite déterminée expérimentalement. De même pour le second quotient mesuré.If the carriage is suddenly braked following an impact, there suddenly appears a pulse a of duration a 'longer than the duration a' of the previous pulse. Likewise, in general, the interval b "will be longer than the interval b '. It is however possible that the next positive pulse is shorter than a normal pulse. This is why the absolute value of the difference. The carriage is stopped if the quotient:
Figure imgb0002
 is greater than an experimentally determined limit k value. Likewise for the second quotient measured.

On pourrait se contenter de comparer les impulsions positives; mais, en comparant également les impulsions négatives, c'est-à-dire les intervalles, on augmente la sensibilité du dispositif de sécurité en réduisant dans certains cas le temps de réaction, étant donné que, selon l'instant où se produit le choc, il peut très bien arriver qu'on ait tout d'abord une variation de la longueur des intervalles, c'est-à-dire des impulsions négatives, précédant une variation de longueur des impulsions positives, contrairement à ce qui a été représenté à la fig. 2.One could be content to compare the positive impulses; but, by also comparing the negative pulses, that is to say the intervals, the sensitivity of the safety device is increased by reducing in some cases the reaction time, since, depending on the instant when the shock occurs , it may very well happen that there is first of all a variation in the length of the intervals, that is to say negative pulses, preceding a variation in length of the positive pulses, contrary to what has been shown in fig. 2.

Etant donné que le chariot ne travaille pas toujours à la même vitesse, il peut être judicieux d'asservir le facteur k à la vitesse du chariot.Since the carriage does not always work at the same speed, it may be advisable to control the factor k at the speed of the carriage.

D'autre part,il convient de tenir compte de certains impératifs tels que la marche manuelle et la phase de renversement de sens du chariot en fin de course. On peut tenir compte de ce renversement en rendant le dispositif de sécurité opérant seulement sur une certaine longueur de la fonture.On the other hand, certain imperatives must be taken into account, such as manual operation and the direction reversal phase of the carriage at the end of the stroke. This reversal can be taken into account by making the safety device operating only over a certain length of the needle bed.

Dans certaines conditions, en particulier lors du tricotage de côtes, il peut être judicieux de réduire la sensibilité du dispositif pour certaines rangées de tricotage afin d'éviter un arrêt non désiré. A cet effet le facteur k est asservi au programme de tricotage. Ce programme peut être contenu dans l'unité de traitement CPU.Under certain conditions, in particular when knitting ribs, it may be advisable to reduce the sensitivity of the device for certain rows of knitting in order to avoid an unwanted stopping. For this purpose the factor k is controlled by the knitting program. This program can be contained in the processing unit CPU.

Claims (7)

1, A safety device for a flat knitting machine for ensuring that the machine carriage stops in the event of sudden variation in its speed as a result of an impact or other incident, characterized by the fact that it includes means for generating pulses of a duration inversely proportional to the speed of the carriage, means for continuously measuring the variation in duration of the pulses, and means for stopping the carriage when this variation exceeds a predetermined reference rate.
2. A device according to Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the means for measuring the variation of the duration of the pulses include electronic means for continuous measurement of the ratio between the difference in duration of two successive pulses and the duration of the first of these pulses.
3. A device according to Claim 2, characterized by the fact that the means for measuring are combined in a manner as to measure also the ratio between the difference in duration of two successive intervals separating the pulses and the duration of the first of these intervals.
4. A device according to anyone of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the means for generating said pulses include a perforated strip adapted to be fixed parallel to the needle bar, a light emitter integral with the carriage and which moves along one side to the perforated strip and an opto-electronic receiver integral with the carriage assembled facing the said emitter on the other side of the perforated strip.
5. A device according to Claim 4, intended for fitment to a knitting machine provided with a perforated strip on the gauge of the needle bar for counting the needles, characterized by the fact that the perforated strip of the safety device consists of the said perforated strip used for counting the needles.
6. A device according to any one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the reference rate is subject to the translational speed of the carriage.
7. A device according to any one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the reference rate is subject to the knitting program.
EP83200777A 1982-06-11 1983-06-02 Safety device for a knitting machine Expired EP0097386B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3634/82 1982-06-11
CH363482 1982-06-11

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EP0097386A1 EP0097386A1 (en) 1984-01-04
EP0097386B1 true EP0097386B1 (en) 1985-08-14

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EP83200777A Expired EP0097386B1 (en) 1982-06-11 1983-06-02 Safety device for a knitting machine

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US (1) US4505135A (en)
EP (1) EP0097386B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS599249A (en)
DD (1) DD209862A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3360569D1 (en)
ES (1) ES523171A0 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62169714U (en) * 1986-04-14 1987-10-28
DE3638713A1 (en) * 1986-11-13 1988-05-26 Stoll & Co H SAFETY DEVICE FOR FLAT KNITTING MACHINES
EP2228475B1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2014-10-08 Shima Seiki Mfg., Ltd Weft knitting machine, and method for detecting abnormal vibrations in the weft knitting machine
EP3601651B1 (en) 2017-03-31 2023-08-23 NIKE Innovate C.V. Knitting machine with electronic auxiliary component and knitting method with electronic auxiliary component
CN109505053B (en) * 2018-12-12 2020-10-16 福建睿能科技股份有限公司 Flat knitting machine head assembly and head motion control method

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT303949B (en) * 1968-04-08 1972-12-11 Sick Erwin Device for monitoring circular knitting machines
CH525317A (en) * 1970-11-17 1972-07-15 Stoll & Co H Safety device for flat knitting machines
US3780297A (en) * 1971-10-04 1973-12-18 Us Industries Inc Conveyor speed monitor
DE2229232C2 (en) * 1972-06-15 1981-11-19 Erwin Sick Gmbh Optik-Elektronik, 7808 Waldkirch Device for continuous monitoring of the condition of an uninterrupted row of identical, light-reflecting objects
US4027982A (en) * 1975-04-23 1977-06-07 Kyodo Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Needle detector for circular knitting machines
US3955407A (en) * 1975-04-29 1976-05-11 The Singer Company Method and apparatus for testing knitting machines
US4037157A (en) * 1976-04-05 1977-07-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Electro-optical speed transducer
DE2919369A1 (en) * 1979-05-14 1980-11-27 Schieber Universal Maschf FLAT-KNITTING MACHINE WITH PULSER FOR ELECTRONIC CONTROL

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Publication number Publication date
US4505135A (en) 1985-03-19
ES8405093A1 (en) 1984-05-16
JPS639063B2 (en) 1988-02-25
DE3360569D1 (en) 1985-09-19
ES523171A0 (en) 1984-05-16
EP0097386A1 (en) 1984-01-04
JPS599249A (en) 1984-01-18
DD209862A5 (en) 1984-05-23

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