EP0094753A1 - Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0094753A1
EP0094753A1 EP83302422A EP83302422A EP0094753A1 EP 0094753 A1 EP0094753 A1 EP 0094753A1 EP 83302422 A EP83302422 A EP 83302422A EP 83302422 A EP83302422 A EP 83302422A EP 0094753 A1 EP0094753 A1 EP 0094753A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
flux
yoke
magnet
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83302422A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
John George Hodgson
David Godfrey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF International UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucas Industries Ltd filed Critical Lucas Industries Ltd
Publication of EP0094753A1 publication Critical patent/EP0094753A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/01—Relays in which the armature is maintained in one position by a permanent magnet and freed by energisation of a coil producing an opposing magnetic field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2272—Polarised relays comprising rockable armature, rocking movement around central axis parallel to the main plane of the armature
    • H01H51/2281—Contacts rigidly combined with armature

Definitions

  • UK Patent 1195629 discloses an electro-magnetic switching device in which a first permanent magnet forms part of a magnetic circuit which has no flux gap and which is provided with a coil for inducing an additional flux into the magnetic circuit.
  • the coil may be used to induce a flux which is either in the same sense or in opposition to the flux from the first permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic circuit also includes a further permanent magnet whose polarity may be reversed by energisation of the coil.
  • the device shown in the prior art thus has three sources of magnetism, the first and second permanent magnets, and the coil.
  • the inclusion of the further permanent magnet provides magnetic latching, since the polarity of the further magnet is set by the coil at each operation thereof and coacts with the flux from the first magnet even when the coil is de-energised.
  • the switch shown in Figure 1 has fixed contacts 10, 11 which are engageable by respective movable contacts 12, 13.
  • the contacts 12, 13 are carried on a lever arm 14 which is mounted on a pivot 15.
  • the pivot 15 is carried between brackets 16 mounted on a base 17.
  • Mounted between the brackets 16 is a yoke 18 of a soft iron having a high magnetic permeability and low remanence.
  • the yoke 18 comprises a core 19 which is secured to an end plate 20 and is a close sliding fit in an angled plate 21 which also forms part of the yoke 18.
  • the yoke 18 also includes a plate 22 which is secured to the end plate 20 and is aligned with a horizontally-extending portion 23 of the plate 21.
  • a samarium cobalt permanent magnet 24 extends through aligned openings 25 in the brackets 16, the upper edge of the openings 25 being aligned with the upper edges of the plate 22 and the portion 23 of the plate 21.
  • the axial position of the core 19 and its attached plates 20, 22 is adjustable, so that the plate 22 and the portion 23 abut opposite sides of the permanent magnet 24.
  • the yoke 18 thus provides a magnetic circuit which has substantially no flux gap, and in the absence of any additional flux, the flux from the permanent magnet 24 remains within the yoke 18. In these circumstances an armature 26 which is secured to the lever arm 14 is not attracted by the magnet 24, and the arm 14 remains biassed by a compression spring 27 to the position shown in Figure 1.
  • a coil 28 is wound about the core 19 and is energisable so as to induce in the yoke 18 a flux which is opposed to the flux from the permanent magnet 24.
  • the permanent magnet 24 has an energy product of 159 kilojoules/m 3 , It is arranged that the energy level of the electro-magnet shall be higher than that of the permanent magnet 24 whereby, when the coil 28 is energised, flux from the permanent magnet 24 no longer passes through the circuit of the yoke 18, but the combined flux of the permanent magnet 24 and the coil 28 passes externally of the yoke 18 through the armature 26.
  • the lever 14 is thereby pivoted against the spring 27 to operate the switch.
  • the attractive force applied to the armature 26 is very high, being effectively derived from the sum of the fluxes from the permanent magnet 24 and the coil 28.
  • the response time of the heaviest type of switch assembly expected to be encountered in aircraft is of the order of 30 milliseconds when operated by an actuator according to the invention. If the switch is actuated by energisation of the coil 28, sufficient flux from the permanent magnet 24 may continue to pass through the armature 26 to maintain it in its attracted state even after subsequent de-energisation of the coil 28. Accordingly, therefore, a non-magnetic shim '29 is secured to the yoke 18 to maintain a small flux gap which enables the spring 27 to overcome residual attraction from the magnet 24.
  • a high . permeability, low remanence yoke has a core 40 about which is wound a coil 41.
  • the yoke also includes arms 42, 43, 44, a samarium cobalt permanent magnet 45 being included in the arm 44.
  • the magnet 45 has the polarity shown in Figure 3 and combines with the core 40 and arms 42, 43, 44 to provide a first magnetic circuit 46 having no flux gap.
  • the yoke also includes arms 47, 48 which combine with the core 40 to provide a second magnetic circuit 49 which includes a flux gap 50.
  • An armature 51 is pivotally mounted on a pin 52 and includes a samarium cobalt permanent magnet 53 which has the polarity shown and which is positioned adjacent the flux gap 50.
  • the flux from the magnet 45 remains within the magnetic circuit 46, and does not attract the armature 51.
  • the flux from the magnet 53 passes through the circuit 49 and causes the armature 51 to pivot clockwise to place the actuator in a first operating condition.
  • the coil 41 is energisable to provide a flux in the yoke which is opposed to the fluxes from the magnets 45, 53. Energisation of the coil 41 thus causes a combined flux from this coil and from the magnet 45 to pass externally of the yoke and attract the armature 51 anti-clockwise.
  • the top end of the core 40 becomes a north pole, and the top end of the plate 48 a south pole, repelling the magnet 53 and assisting the anti-clockwise movement of the armature 51. It has been found that the foregoing arrangement can substantially improve the response times of the actuator.
  • Figure 4 shows the actuator arrangement of Figure 3 as applied to a change-over switch, and parts corresponding to those of Figure 3 have been given identical reference numerals.
  • a contact arm 60 is mounted for movement about a fixed pivot 70 and carries two contact bars 61, 62.
  • Bar 61 has terminals 63, 64 which engage fixed terminals 65, 66 in one operating condition of the switch and bar 62 has terminals 67, 68 which engage terminals 66, 69 in the other operating condition of the switch.
  • electro-mechanical actuators as described above may be used to operate any desired configuration of switch contact, or other apparatus, for example fluid control valves. It will also be apparent that a plurality of actuators according to the invention may be ganged together to provide additional motive force or may be stacked in a desired configuration to provide a number of separately- operable devices.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
EP83302422A 1982-05-12 1983-04-28 Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung Withdrawn EP0094753A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8213734 1982-05-12
GB8213734 1982-05-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0094753A1 true EP0094753A1 (de) 1983-11-23

Family

ID=10530309

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83302422A Withdrawn EP0094753A1 (de) 1982-05-12 1983-04-28 Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0094753A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004018791A1 (de) * 2004-04-15 2005-11-03 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Relaisantrieb, Relais und Bausatz für monostabiles und bistabiles Relais

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB317149A (en) * 1928-05-19 1929-08-15 Siemens Brothers & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electro-magnetic devices
US1956279A (en) * 1932-08-25 1934-04-24 Safety Car Heating & Lighting Electromagnetic relay construction
US2486086A (en) * 1945-08-21 1949-10-25 Gen Railway Signal Co Relay
US2491098A (en) * 1940-10-14 1949-12-13 Gen Railway Signal Co Polar biased relay
GB1038862A (en) * 1961-11-08 1966-08-10 English Electric Co Ltd Improvements in electromagnetic relays
GB1195629A (en) * 1967-11-07 1970-06-17 American Mach & Foundry Magnetically Held Relay
DE2014247A1 (de) * 1969-03-27 1970-10-08 Thomson-Csf, Paris Elektromagnetisches Relais
US3599133A (en) * 1970-03-10 1971-08-10 Amf Inc Latch relay motor structure
US4339734A (en) * 1980-02-04 1982-07-13 International Standard Electric Corporation Encased miniature relay

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB317149A (en) * 1928-05-19 1929-08-15 Siemens Brothers & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electro-magnetic devices
US1956279A (en) * 1932-08-25 1934-04-24 Safety Car Heating & Lighting Electromagnetic relay construction
US2491098A (en) * 1940-10-14 1949-12-13 Gen Railway Signal Co Polar biased relay
US2486086A (en) * 1945-08-21 1949-10-25 Gen Railway Signal Co Relay
GB1038862A (en) * 1961-11-08 1966-08-10 English Electric Co Ltd Improvements in electromagnetic relays
GB1195629A (en) * 1967-11-07 1970-06-17 American Mach & Foundry Magnetically Held Relay
DE2014247A1 (de) * 1969-03-27 1970-10-08 Thomson-Csf, Paris Elektromagnetisches Relais
US3599133A (en) * 1970-03-10 1971-08-10 Amf Inc Latch relay motor structure
US4339734A (en) * 1980-02-04 1982-07-13 International Standard Electric Corporation Encased miniature relay

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004018791A1 (de) * 2004-04-15 2005-11-03 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Relaisantrieb, Relais und Bausatz für monostabiles und bistabiles Relais

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Legal Events

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19840724

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: HODGSON, JOHN GEORGE

Inventor name: GODFREY, DAVID