EP0089013A1 - Method of producing flat bodies having an arbitrary shape with defibrated wood components - Google Patents

Method of producing flat bodies having an arbitrary shape with defibrated wood components Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0089013A1
EP0089013A1 EP83102347A EP83102347A EP0089013A1 EP 0089013 A1 EP0089013 A1 EP 0089013A1 EP 83102347 A EP83102347 A EP 83102347A EP 83102347 A EP83102347 A EP 83102347A EP 0089013 A1 EP0089013 A1 EP 0089013A1
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Prior art keywords
preform
screen
sieve
shape
moisture
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EP83102347A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0089013B1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Tönniges
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Deutsche Fibrit Gesellschaft Ebers and Dr Mueller mbH
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Deutsche Fibrit Gesellschaft Ebers and Dr Mueller mbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N5/00—Manufacture of non-flat articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the particularly economical production of wood fiber materials, by means of which the end product is given a variety of properties not previously achieved.
  • Essential raw material sources for such materials are indigenous, regenerable woods, which are processed and properly processed depending on the requirements placed on the finished products and with regard to their specific properties.
  • the requirements that must be placed on these materials naturally arise primarily from economical producibility and possibly long-term stress when the parts are used sensibly.
  • the catalog of criteria for determining the suitability for use is complex and contains, among other things. Requirements such as universal design, fire resistance, heat and water resistance with appropriate water absorption, frost-thaw resistance, root resistance, sound and thermal insulation, low density, high bending tensile strength and rigidity, high compressive and transverse tensile strength, laminability and / or paintability, gas permeability, Uniform surface appearance, pleasant feel and sound, physiological harmlessness, the ability to apply force and screw retention, safe reproducibility, long-term availability of raw materials and much more.
  • the known wet molding processes offer, on the one hand, excellently matted fiber associations with the lowest binder contents, with the resultant high strengths with great degrees of freedom in the design, on the other hand, they require energy-intensive pressing, drying and pressing processes, which are costly.
  • the finished products are consistently drawn on one side by dryer fabric structures.
  • wet-defibrated wood chips of local provenance retain sufficient residual water content during transport in the air flow from room temperature and normal relative humidity in order to remain sufficiently supple from the air flow in the molded state for optimal matting in a molding process.
  • This moisture content is not as troublesome for a preform obtained from the air flow by sieving during compression molding, if substances are present in the same phase which at least partially react with the water under the pressing conditions and bind excesses thereof.
  • the essence of the invention consists in the representation of economically producible, flat fibrous bodies according to processes which bring the advantages of known wet processes with those of known dry processes in such a way that the product cannot be associated with the respective known disadvantages, the raw material base being easily accessible and regenerable and is available in the long term.
  • Defibrated hardwood and / or coniferous wood can be used, which is mechanically frayed and / or those which are chemically digested and / or those which are additionally ground and / or those whose tissues are softened by pressure and / or heat, in a mixture, alone and / or with foreign fibers that can be cellulose-containing and / or cellulose-free, synthetic and / or natural.
  • the atro - (“absolutely dry”) content should be in the range from 98 to 40%, preferably 85 to 55% before being transferred to an air stream and 98 'to 70%, preferably 90 to 75% after removal from the air stream.
  • the fiber material is mixed with binders such as aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic and / or heterocyclic isocyanates in the air stream and / or suitable mixing elements with at least two isocyanic groups, as described e.g. are known from "Annalen der Chemie", volume 562, pages 75 to 136. Modifications by means of emulsifiers, accelerators, inhibitors or others are carried out according to the invention in addition to additions of further auxiliaries.
  • binders such as aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic and / or heterocyclic isocyanates in the air stream and / or suitable mixing elements with at least two isocyanic groups, as described e.g. are known from "Annalen der Chemie", volume 562, pages 75 to 136.
  • Modifications by means of emulsifiers, accelerators, inhibitors or others are carried out according to the invention in addition to additions of further auxiliaries.
  • further additives are substances which also irreversibly bind water, such as reactive tonic acid (hydraulic factors), pozzolans (hydraulic additives) in lime, pozzolana, mortar-hydrated pozzolans such as, for example, diatomaceous earth, molar earth, Si substance and Si-Traß, anhydrous Puzzolane together with calcium hydroxide as well as commercially available pozzolan limes, hydraulic limes, roman limes, air-dry clays, tricalcium silicate, dicalcium aluminate ferrite as well as latent hydraulic substances, as well as pozzolan cement, alumina cement, and other other water-hardenable substances such as gypsum and anhydrite are modified, etc., which are known to be modified by additives, etc., which are modifiers, which may be modified by additives, etc. .
  • the fiber preparation is thrown from an air stream onto a contoured sieve surface after or before the combination with all additives, the surface not being loaded from above in order to avoid undesirably high material input in shape-concave and insufficient material coverage in shape-convex areas due to trickling and / or scattering effects .
  • the forming sieve there is a permanent or intermittent vacuum behind the forming sieve, which alone or reinforced by mechanical measures and favors the fiber transport air for a temporary cohesion of the preform and a desirable pre-compression and matting.
  • a weight and / or volume metering of the fiber preparation takes place depending on the shape size and / or desired wall thickness and / or desired density and / or formal level of difficulty and the like. per working cycle of the preform screen, whereby after the quantitative distribution of the fibrous material on the screen, this can optionally be further pre-compressed by suitable measures and then transferred to the press mold.
  • the compression molding takes place under economically favorable conditions at low temperatures and / or short pressing times without a cooling cycle in closed or wide closed tools without a dryer or similar instead, which makes it possible to emboss both partial surfaces with the desired structures.
  • a commercially available polyurethane hardener such as modified 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and / or one of its prepolymers.
  • MDI modified 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • the mass passes into a gas stream and is quantitatively blown from below onto a molding sieve, which approximates the contours of the flat shaped body expected from the method of operation, whereby the air flow is at least temporarily supported by a vacuum zone on the side facing away from the molding surface.
  • the result is a preform which, depending on the dosage, has thicknesses of approx. 1.0 mm to approx. 350 mm with densities of approx. 1 0 kg / m 3 to approx. 150 kg / m 3 , which after separation of the blown air in the Shaped sieve sticks and from there it can be placed on an underside of the mold, which is heated to 40 ° C - 290 ° C, preferably to 110 ° C - 190 ° C. In 3 to 900 s, in particular in 20 to 375 s, at specific pressures of 1 to 130 bar, in particular 4 to 40 bar, the flat shaped body can be pressed and removed from the mold without cooling.

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung trocken gepreßter beliebig geformter Körper mit im Verhältnis zu ihrer Fläche geringer Wandstärke auf der Basis defibrierter, mit faser- und/oder feuchtereaktiven Bindemitteln und gegebenenfalls Hilfsstoffen versetzter Holzfasern. Der Feuchtegehalt ist 1 bis 30 Gew.-% bezogen auf alle Bestandteile des Körpers. Eine dosierte Menge des Formstoffes wird in einem die Gravitation kompensierenden Luftstrom an ein Vorformsieb herangebracht, das eine der gewünschten 3-dimensionalen Form des Preßlings entsprechende Oberflächenkontur besitzt. Der Formstoff wird an dem Vorformsieb durch Erzeugung eines Unterdrucks von der der Formfläche des Siebes abgewandten Siebseite her zur Haftung gebracht. Dann wird der Vorlormling in siebfreien Werkzeugen ohne Kühlzyklus mit beidseitig glatten oder beliebig geprägten Oberflächen unter Beibehaltung der bei der Vorformung erzeugten Form verpreßt.The invention relates to a process for the production of dry-pressed bodies of any shape with a small wall thickness in relation to their area on the basis of defibrated wood fibers mixed with fiber and / or moisture-reactive binders and optionally auxiliary substances. The moisture content is 1 to 30 wt .-% based on all components of the body. A metered amount of the molding material is brought into a gravity-compensating air flow to a preform screen which has a surface contour corresponding to the desired 3-dimensional shape of the compact. The molding material is adhered to the preform screen by generating a vacuum from the side of the screen facing away from the molding surface of the screen. Then the preform is pressed in sieve-free tools without a cooling cycle with surfaces that are smooth on either side or embossed as desired, while maintaining the shape created during the preforming.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur besonders wirtschaftlichen Herstellung von Holzfaserwerkstoffen, durch das dem Endprodukt eine bisher nicht erzielte Eigenschaftenvielfalt verliehen wird.The invention relates to a method for the particularly economical production of wood fiber materials, by means of which the end product is given a variety of properties not previously achieved.

Der derzeitige Marktbedarf an flächigen Formkörpern, Platten, Bahnen usw. wird aus den verschiedenen geeigneten Werkstoffen und -kombinationen, die nach vielfältigen Verfahrenstechniken hergestellt und verarbeitet sind, abgedeckt.The current market need for flat shaped bodies, sheets, sheets, etc. is covered by the various suitable materials and combinations that are manufactured and processed using a variety of process technologies.

Wesentliche Rohstoffquellen für derartige Materialen sind einheimische, regenerierbare Hölzer, die in Abhängigkeit der an die Fertigprodukte gestellten Anforderungen und hinsichtlich ihres jeweils spezifischen Eigenschaftenbildes aufbereitet und sachgemäß verarbeitet werden. Anforderungen, die an diese Materialien zu stellen sind, ergeben sich naturgemäß primär aus wirtschaftlicher Herstellbarkeit und ggf. langfristiger Belastung bei sinnvollem Gebrauch der Teile.Essential raw material sources for such materials are indigenous, regenerable woods, which are processed and properly processed depending on the requirements placed on the finished products and with regard to their specific properties. The requirements that must be placed on these materials naturally arise primarily from economical producibility and possibly long-term stress when the parts are used sensibly.

Der Katalog der Kriterien für die Bestimmung der Gebrauchstauglichkeit ist vielschichtig und enthält u.a. Forderungen wie universelle Formgebung, Feuerwiderstand, Wärme- und Wasserbständigkeit bei zweckgerechter Wasseraufnahme, Frost-Tauwechselbeständigkeit, Wurzelfestigkeit, Schall- und Wärmedämmvermögen, geringe Dichte, hohe Biegezugfestigkeit und -steifigkeit, hohe Druck-und Querzugfestigkeit, Kaschier- und/oder Lackierbarkeit, Gasdurchlässigkeit, einheitliches Oberflächenbild, angenehmer Griff und Klang, physiologische Unbedenklichkeit, Möglichkeit zur Krafteinleitung und Schraubenhaltevermögen, sicher reproduzierbare Herstellbarkeit, langfristige Verfügbarkeit der Rohstoffe und vieles mehr.The catalog of criteria for determining the suitability for use is complex and contains, among other things. Requirements such as universal design, fire resistance, heat and water resistance with appropriate water absorption, frost-thaw resistance, root resistance, sound and thermal insulation, low density, high bending tensile strength and rigidity, high compressive and transverse tensile strength, laminability and / or paintability, gas permeability, Uniform surface appearance, pleasant feel and sound, physiological harmlessness, the ability to apply force and screw retention, safe reproducibility, long-term availability of raw materials and much more.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die bekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung flächiger Formkörper auf z.B. Holzwerkstoffbasis bei Erfüllung der einen Anforderung in ihrem Verhalten bezüglich anderer Anforderungen einer Überprüfung nicht standhalten können. Der Fachmann hat sich daher lange mit Kompromissen, die sich aus scheinbar diametralen Forderungen ergaben, abfinden müssen, bzw. mußte das Gesamtniveau der Eigenschaften durch wirtschaftlich nicht immer angemessen hohe Veredlung der Produkte angehoben werden, um einigen wenigen Forderungen dann voll entsprechen zu können.It has been shown that the known processes for the production of flat shaped articles on e.g. Wood-based materials cannot withstand a check if one requirement is met in their behavior with regard to other requirements. For a long time, the expert has had to put up with compromises resulting from apparently diametrical requirements, or the overall level of properties had to be raised by refinement of the products, which was not always economically adequate, in order to then be able to fully meet a few requirements.

Die bekannten Naßanformverfahren bieten mit geringsten Bindemittelgehalten einerseits hervorragend verfilzte Faserverbände mit daraus resultierend hohen Festigkeiten bei großen Freiheitsgraden in der Formgestaltung, andererseits erfordern sie energieintensive Auspreß-, Trocken-und Preßverfahren, welche kostenaufwendig sind. Zudem sind die Fertigprodukte einseitig durchweg durch Trockensiebstrukturen gezeichnet.The known wet molding processes offer, on the one hand, excellently matted fiber associations with the lowest binder contents, with the resultant high strengths with great degrees of freedom in the design, on the other hand, they require energy-intensive pressing, drying and pressing processes, which are costly. In addition, the finished products are consistently drawn on one side by dryer fabric structures.

Die bekannten Trockenverfahren bieten bei vergleichbaren Bindemittelgehalten und ohne Inkorporation relativ kostspieliger Hilfsstoffe und -träger keine ausreichenden Faserverbände, so daß zur Erzielung guter Arbeitsergebnisse stets harzreiche Ansätze erforderlich sind. Außerdem sind modifizierende Zusätze, Vor- und/oder Zwischen- und/oder Nachbehandlingen wie Mattenzuschnitte, Feuchte- bzw. Dampfaufschlüsse, Imprägnierungen, Verweilzeiten für Kühlung und/oder Entspannung usw. notwendig.The known drying processes do not offer sufficient fiber associations with comparable binder contents and without incorporation of relatively expensive auxiliaries and carriers, so that resin-rich approaches are always necessary to achieve good work results. In addition, modifying additives, pre- and / or intermediate and / or post-treatments such as mat cuts, moisture or steam digestion, impregnation, residence times for cooling and / or relaxation, etc. are necessary.

Aus diesem Mangel ergibt sich die Aufgabe zur möglichst wirtschaftlichen Herstellung flächiger Faserstofformkörper, die eine möglichst große Bandbreite von verschiedenen technischen Anforderungen erfüllen.This shortcoming gives rise to the task of producing flat fibrous molded articles which are as economical as possible and which meet the widest possible range of different technical requirements.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden erfindungsgemäß die im Anspruch 1 gekennzeichneten Maßnahmen vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüche gekennzeichnet.To achieve this object, the measures characterized in claim 1 are proposed according to the invention. Advantageous refinements are characterized in the subclaims.

Es wurde gefunden, daß naßdefibrierte Holzhackschnitzel hiesiger Provenienz beim Transport im Luftstrom von Raumtemperatur und üblicher relativer Feuchte einen ausreichenden Restwassergehalt behalten, um im aufgeschlossenen Zustand zur optimalen Verfilzung in einem Anformprozeß aus dem Luftstrom ausreichend geschmeidig zu bleiben. Dieser Feuchtegehalt ist für einen aus dem Luftstrom durch Absieben erhaltenen Vorformling beim Formpressen nicht wie üblich störend, wenn in gleicher Phase Stoffe anwesend sind, die zumindest teilweise bei den Preßbedingungen mit dem Wasser reagieren und Überschüsse davon binden.It has been found that wet-defibrated wood chips of local provenance retain sufficient residual water content during transport in the air flow from room temperature and normal relative humidity in order to remain sufficiently supple from the air flow in the molded state for optimal matting in a molding process. This moisture content is not as troublesome for a preform obtained from the air flow by sieving during compression molding, if substances are present in the same phase which at least partially react with the water under the pressing conditions and bind excesses thereof.

Auch wurde gefunden, daß diese Stoffe als Bindemittel wirken können und deren Zugabe auf dem Weg vom Defibrieren zum Voranformen erfolgen kann, des weiteren, daß die Zusatzstoffe die Textur von Voranformlingen positiv zu beeinflussen vermögen und stärker konturierte Vorformlinge herzustellen sind, wenn die Anformungsrichtung nicht der Gravitation gehorcht.,It has also been found that these substances can act as binders and their addition on the way to defibrillation for preforming, furthermore that the additives are able to have a positive influence on the texture of preforms and that more contoured preforms are to be produced if the direction of molding does not obey gravity.

Derart aufbereitete Faserstoffe mit den aus der Holzfaserwerkstoff- und Papierindustrie im weitesten Sinne bekannten Hilfsstoffen bleiben bis zum Verpressen verträglich und können mit verstärkenden und/oder verdünnenden und/oder anderen Füllstoffen,wie Flammschutzmittel, Pigmenten, Abfallstoffen usw..versetzt werden. Die Formpressung kann ohne Trockensiebe o.ä. bei niedrigen Temperaturen und ohne Kühlzyklus erfolgen.Thus treated fibers with the known from the Holzfaserwerkstoff- and paper industry in the broadest sense auxiliaries remain until pressing tolerated and can with reinforcing and / or diluent and / or other fillers, such as flame retardants, pigments, waste etc. be transferred. The compression molding can be carried out without dryer fabrics or the like. at low temperatures and without a cooling cycle.

Das Wesen der Erfindung besteht in der Darstellung wirtschaftlich herstellbarer, flächiger Faserstoffkörper nach Verfahren, die die Vorteile bekannter Naßverfahren mit denen bekannter Trockenverfahren derart in Einklang bringen, daß dem Produkt nicht die jeweiligen bekannten Nachteile zu eigen werden können, wobei die Rohstoffbasis leicht zugänglich, regenerierbar und langfristig verfügbar ist.The essence of the invention consists in the representation of economically producible, flat fibrous bodies according to processes which bring the advantages of known wet processes with those of known dry processes in such a way that the product cannot be associated with the respective known disadvantages, the raw material base being easily accessible and regenerable and is available in the long term.

Geeignete Verfahrens- und Materialwahl führen zu wirtschaftlich herstellbaren Faserstoffformkörpern, die formmäßig beliebig gestaltet werden können, dabei mechanisch hochfest, lackier- und kaschierbar, naßfest und mit angenehmem Griff und Klang ausgestattet sind und gute mechanische Festigkeiten bei einem Höchstmaß an Wirtschaftlichkeit hinsichtlich der Rohstoffe, der Verfahren und dem Anspruch an die Werkzeuge aufweisen.Appropriate process and material selection lead to economically producible fibrous molded articles, which can be designed in any shape, mechanically high-strength, paintable and laminatable, wet-proof and equipped with a pleasant feel and sound and good mechanical strengths with a maximum of economy with regard to the raw materials Have method and the claim to the tools.

Allgemeine gültige Anforderungen wie die nach sicherheitstechnischen- und Umweltbedürfnissen werden mit diesen flächigen Formkörpern sowohl im Fahrzeug-, Flugzeug-und Schiffbau als auch und nur beispielsweise im Möbel-und Innenausbau überall dort erfüllt, wo die erfindungsgemäß vereinigten Eigenschaften von Vorteil sind.General valid requirements such as those relating to safety and environmental requirements are met with these flat shaped bodies both in vehicle, aircraft and shipbuilding and, and only for example, in furniture and interior design, wherever the properties combined according to the invention are advantageous.

Es können defibrierte Laub- und/oder Nadelhölzer Anwendung finden, die mechanisch zerfasert und/oder solche, die chemisch aufgeschlossen und/oder solche, die zusätzlich gemahlen und/oder solche, deren Gewebe durch Druck und/oder Hitze erweicht ist, in Abmischung, allein und/oder mit Fremdfasern, die zellulosehaltig und/oder zellulosefrei, synthetisch und/oder natürlich sein können.Defibrated hardwood and / or coniferous wood can be used, which is mechanically frayed and / or those which are chemically digested and / or those which are additionally ground and / or those whose tissues are softened by pressure and / or heat, in a mixture, alone and / or with foreign fibers that can be cellulose-containing and / or cellulose-free, synthetic and / or natural.

Der atro-("absolut trocken")Gehalt sollte vor Übergabe an einen Luftstrom im Bereich von 98 bis 40 %, bevorzugt 85 bis 55 % und nach Entnahme aus dem Luftstrom 98 'bis 70 %, bevorzugt 90 bis 75 % liegen.The atro - ("absolutely dry") content should be in the range from 98 to 40%, preferably 85 to 55% before being transferred to an air stream and 98 'to 70%, preferably 90 to 75% after removal from the air stream.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das Fasermaterial im Luftstrom und/ oder geeigneten Mischorganen mit Bindemitteln wie aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen, aromatischen, araliphatischen und/oder heterocyclischen Isocyanaten mit mindestens zwei Isocyan-Gruppen, wie sie z.B. aus "Annalen der Chemie", Band 562, Seiten 75 bis 136 bekannt sind, versetzt. Modifikationen mittels Emulgatoren, Beschleunigern, Inhibitoren oder anderen werden erfindungsgemäß neben Zusätzen von weiteren Hilfsmitteln durchgeführt.According to the invention, the fiber material is mixed with binders such as aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic and / or heterocyclic isocyanates in the air stream and / or suitable mixing elements with at least two isocyanic groups, as described e.g. are known from "Annalen der Chemie", volume 562, pages 75 to 136. Modifications by means of emulsifiers, accelerators, inhibitors or others are carried out according to the invention in addition to additions of further auxiliaries.

Als weitere Zuschlagstoffe kommen erfindungsgemäß solche Stoffe in Betracht, die Wasser ebenfalls irreversibel binden wie beispielsweise reaktionsfähige Tonsäure (Hydraulefaktoren), Puzzolane (hydrauliche Zuschläge) in Kalk, Puzzolan, mörtelhydratische Puzzolane wie z.B. Diatomenerde, Molererde, Si-Stoff und Si-Traß, anhydrische Puzzolane zusammen mit Kalziumhydroxid sowie handelsübliche Puzzolankalke, hydraulische Kalke, Romankalke, lufttrockene Tone, Trikalziumsilikat, Dikalziumaluminatferrit sowie latent hydraulische Stoffe, ferner Puzzolanzement, Tonerdeschmelzzement, des weiteren andere wasserhärtbare Stoffe wie Gipse und Anhydrit usw., die ggf. durch bekannte modifizierende Zusätze abgerundet sind.According to the invention, further additives are substances which also irreversibly bind water, such as reactive tonic acid (hydraulic factors), pozzolans (hydraulic additives) in lime, pozzolana, mortar-hydrated pozzolans such as, for example, diatomaceous earth, molar earth, Si substance and Si-Traß, anhydrous Puzzolane together with calcium hydroxide as well as commercially available pozzolan limes, hydraulic limes, roman limes, air-dry clays, tricalcium silicate, dicalcium aluminate ferrite as well as latent hydraulic substances, as well as pozzolan cement, alumina cement, and other other water-hardenable substances such as gypsum and anhydrite are modified, etc., which are known to be modified by additives, etc., which are modifiers, which may be modified by additives, etc. .

Die Faseraufbereitung wird nach oder vor der Vereinigung mit allen Zusatzstoffen aus einem Luftstrom auf eine konturierte Sieboberfläche geschleudert, wobei die Oberfläche zur Vermeidung von unerwünscht hoher Stoffaufgabe in formkonkaven und zu geringer Stoffabdeckung in formkonvexen Bereichen durch Riesel- und/oder Streueffekte nicht von oben beladen wird.The fiber preparation is thrown from an air stream onto a contoured sieve surface after or before the combination with all additives, the surface not being loaded from above in order to avoid undesirably high material input in shape-concave and insufficient material coverage in shape-convex areas due to trickling and / or scattering effects .

Erfindungsgemäß befindet sich dauernd oder zwischenzeitlich hinter dem Formsieb ein Unterdruck, der allein oder verstärkt durch mechanische Maßnahmen und begünstigt durch die Faserstoff-Transportluft für einen temporären Zusammenhalt des Vorformlings und eine wünschenswerte Vorverdichtung und -verfilzung sorgt.According to the invention, there is a permanent or intermittent vacuum behind the forming sieve, which alone or reinforced by mechanical measures and favors the fiber transport air for a temporary cohesion of the preform and a desirable pre-compression and matting.

Eine Gewichts- und/oder Volumendosierung der Faserstoffaufbereitung findet in Abhängigkeit von Formgröße und/ oder gewünschter Wandstärke und/oder angestrebter Dichte und/oder formalem Schwierigkeitsgrad u.ä. je Arbeitszyklus des Vorfomsiebes statt, wobei nach jeweils erfolgter quantitativer Verteilung des Faserstoffs am Sieb dieser ggf. durch geeignete Maßnahmen weiter vorverdichtet werden kann und dann der Preßform übergeben wird.A weight and / or volume metering of the fiber preparation takes place depending on the shape size and / or desired wall thickness and / or desired density and / or formal level of difficulty and the like. per working cycle of the preform screen, whereby after the quantitative distribution of the fibrous material on the screen, this can optionally be further pre-compressed by suitable measures and then transferred to the press mold.

Die Formpressung findet unter wirtschaftlich günstigen Bedingungen bei niedrigen Temperaturen und/oder kurzen Preßzeiten ohne Kühlzyklus in geschlossenen bzw. weitgehend geschlossenen Werkzeugen ohne Trockensieb o.ä. statt, wodurch die Prägbarkeit beider Teiloberflächen mit gewünschten Strukturen möglich ist.The compression molding takes place under economically favorable conditions at low temperatures and / or short pressing times without a cooling cycle in closed or wide closed tools without a dryer or similar instead, which makes it possible to emboss both partial surfaces with the desired structures.

Flächige Formkörper auf der Basis regenerierbarer Rohstoffe in Trockenformen können wie folgt hergestellt werden:

  • Der in einem Defibrator nach Asplund hergestellte Nadel- und/oder Laubholzfaserstoff wird für Transport und/ oder Reifung und/oder Abkühlung zwischengelagert und nach bekannten Verfahren von um 5 - 80 %, vorzugsweise um 40 - 65 % seiner Feuchte befreit, so daß Rieselfähigkeit gegeben und eine Verhärtung der Einzelfaser, wie sie bekanntlich bei steigendem atro-Gehalt feststellbar ist, nicht eintreten kann.
Flat moldings based on renewable raw materials in dry forms can be produced as follows:
  • The softwood and / or hardwood pulp manufactured in an Asplund defibrator is temporarily stored for transport and / or maturation and / or cooling and freed from its moisture by 5 to 80%, preferably by 40 to 65%, using known methods, so that it can be poured and hardening of the individual fibers, as is known to be detectable with increasing atro content, cannot occur.

Das derart vorbereitete Haufwerk wird beispielsweise von einem Beleimungsmischer oder einem anderen zur Auflockerung und/oder zum Weitertransport und/oder zur Beleimung geeigneten Gerät übernommen und mit Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffen wie z.B.

  • 0,01 - 10 Gew.-% vorzugsweise 0,1 - 5 Gew.-% Hydrophobierungsmittel
  • 0,01 - 10 Gew.-% vorzugsweise 0,05 - 5 Gew.-% Farbstoffe und/oder -pigmente
  • 0,001 - 2,0 Gew.-% vorzugsweise 0,005 - 1,0 Gew.-% Reaktionsbeschleuniger
  • 0,01 - 40 Gew.-% vorzugsweise 1,0 - 30 Gew.-% Flammschutzmittel
  • 0,001 - 10 Gew.-% vorzugsweise 0,01 - 2,0 Gew.-% Trenn- und/oder Gleitmittel

grundsätzlich beliebigen Mengen, vorzugsweise jedoch bis zur Menge der eingesetzten Holzfaserstoffe (atro) anorganische und/oder organische Füll- und/oder Abfall-und/oder Verstärkungsstoffe sowieThe heap prepared in this way is taken over, for example, by a gluing mixer or another device suitable for loosening and / or for further transport and / or for gluing, and with auxiliaries and additives such as, for example
  • 0.01-10% by weight, preferably 0.1-5% by weight of hydrophobizing agent
  • 0.01-10% by weight, preferably 0.05-5% by weight of dyes and / or pigments
  • 0.001 - 2.0 wt .-% preferably 0.005 - 1.0 wt .-% reaction accelerator
  • 0.01 - 40 wt .-% preferably 1.0 - 30 wt .-% flame retardant
  • 0.001-10% by weight, preferably 0.01-2.0% by weight of release agent and / or lubricant

basically any amount, but preferably up to the amount of wood fiber materials used (atro), inorganic and / or organic fillers and / or waste and / or reinforcing materials and

0,3 - 18 Gew.-% vorzugsweise 0,5 - 11,5 Gew.-% eines handelsüblichen Polyurethanhärters wie modifiziertem 4,4 Diphenylmethandiisocyanat (MDI) und/oder einem seiner Prepolymeren versetzt.0.3-18% by weight, preferably 0.5-11.5% by weight, of a commercially available polyurethane hardener such as modified 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and / or one of its prepolymers.

Nach dem Durchsatz der aufgelockerten, modifizierten Holzfasermasse durch ein Gerät mit oben beschriebener Wirkungsweise, gelangt die Masse in einen Gasstrom und wird von unten quantitativ dosiert an ein Formsieb geblasen, das den Konturen des aus der Arbeitsweise erwarteten flächigen Formkörpers in Näherung gehorcht, wobei der Luftstrom zumindest zeitweise durch eine Unterdruckzone auf der der Anformfläche abgewandten Seite unterstützt wird.After the throughput of the loosened, modified wood fiber mass through a device with the mode of operation described above, the mass passes into a gas stream and is quantitatively blown from below onto a molding sieve, which approximates the contours of the flat shaped body expected from the method of operation, whereby the air flow is at least temporarily supported by a vacuum zone on the side facing away from the molding surface.

Es entsteht so ein Vorformling, der je nach Dosierung Dicken von ca. 1,0 mm bis ca. 350 mm bei Dichten von ca. 10 kg/m3 bis ca. 150 kg/m3 aufweist, der nach Abtrennung der Blasluft im Formsieb haften bleibt und von dort auf eine Preßformunterseite, die auf 40° C - 290° C, vorzugsweise auf 110° C - 190° C aufgeheizt ist, abgelegt werden kann. In 3 bis 900 s, insbesondere in 20 bis 375 s, bei spezifischen Drücken von 1 bis 130 bar, insbesondere 4 bis 40 bar kann der flächige Formkörper verpreßt und ohne Abkühlung der Form entnommen werden.The result is a preform which, depending on the dosage, has thicknesses of approx. 1.0 mm to approx. 350 mm with densities of approx. 1 0 kg / m 3 to approx. 150 kg / m 3 , which after separation of the blown air in the Shaped sieve sticks and from there it can be placed on an underside of the mold, which is heated to 40 ° C - 290 ° C, preferably to 110 ° C - 190 ° C. In 3 to 900 s, in particular in 20 to 375 s, at specific pressures of 1 to 130 bar, in particular 4 to 40 bar, the flat shaped body can be pressed and removed from the mold without cooling.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat folgende Vorteile:

  • - wirtschaftliche Herstellung durch geringen Bindemittelgehalt und Energiebedarf und Vermeidung von Vor-und Nacharbeit
  • - Freiheit in der Formgestaltung
  • - geringe Dichte bei hohen mechanischen Werten
  • - beidseitig beliebige Prägbarkeit und einheitliche Oberflächen
  • - angenehmen Griff und Klang.
The method according to the invention has the following advantages:
  • - Economical production due to low binder content and energy consumption and avoidance of preparatory and reworking
  • - Freedom of design
  • - low density with high mechanical values
  • - Both sides can be embossed and uniform surfaces
  • - pleasant grip and sound.

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung trocken gepreßter beliebig geformter Körper mit im Verhältnis zu ihrer Fläche geringer Wandstärke auf der Basis defibrierter, mit faser- und/oder feuchtereaktiven Bindemitteln und gegebenenfalls Hilfsstoffen versetzter Holzfaser mit einem Feuchtegehalt von 1 bis 30 Gew.-% bezogen auf alle Bestandteile des Körpers, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß eine dosierte Menge des Formstoffs in einem die Gravitation kompensierenden Luftstrom an ein Vorformsieb herangebracht wird, das eine der gewünschten 3-dimensionalen Form des Preßlings entsprechende Oberflächenkontur besitzt, daß der Formstoff an dem Vorformsieb durch Erzeugung eines Unterdrucks von der der Formfläche des Siebes abgewandten Siebseite her zur Haftung gebracht wird und daß der Vorformling anschließend in siebfreien Werkzeugen ohne Kühlzyklus mit beidseitig glatten oder beliebig geprägten Oberflächen unter Beibehaltung der bei der Vorformung erzeugten Form verpreßt wird.1. Process for the production of dry-pressed bodies of any shape with a small wall thickness in relation to their area on the basis of defibrated wood fiber mixed with fiber and / or moisture-reactive binders and optionally auxiliary substances with a moisture content of 1 to 30% by weight, based on all Components of the body, characterized in that a metered amount of the molding material is brought up in a gravity compensating air flow to a preform screen which has a surface contour corresponding to the desired 3-dimensional shape of the compact that the molding material on the preform screen by generating a negative pressure of the sieve side facing away from the forming surface of the sieve is adhered to and that the preform is then pressed in sieve-free tools without a cooling cycle with surfaces that are smooth on either side or that are embossed in any way while maintaining the shape generated during the preforming. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet daß als Bindemittel ein reaktiver, mehrfunktioneller Isocyanat enthaltender Stoff zugemischt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a reactive, multi-functional isocyanate-containing substance is admixed as a binder. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß als Hilfsstoffe Flammschutzmittel, Hydrophobierungsmittel, Gleitmittel, Antistatika, Farbmittel, Trennmittel, Treibmittel, Korrosionsschutzmittel, Mittel zur Erhaltung der Rieselfähigkeit, Verstärkungsmittel, aktive und/ oder inerte Füllstoffe einzeln oder zu mehreren zugemischt werden.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that flame retardants, water repellents, lubricants, antistatic agents, colorants, release agents, propellants, corrosion inhibitors, agents for maintaining the flowability, reinforcing agents, active and / or inert fillers mixed individually or in admixtures will. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da- durch gekennzeichnet , daß die Feuchte der Holzfasern so eingestellt wird, daß die nach Entnahme aus dem Luftstrom 10 bis 24 %, bezogen auf alle Bestandteile des Körpers, beträgt.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the moisture of the wood fibers is adjusted so that after removal from the air flow is 10 to 24%, based on all components of the body.
EP83102347A 1982-03-12 1983-03-10 Method of producing flat bodies having an arbitrary shape with defibrated wood components Expired EP0089013B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83102347T ATE22035T1 (en) 1982-03-12 1983-03-10 PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING FLAT ELEMENTS OF ANY SHAPED BASE ON DEFIBRATED WOOD COMPONENTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3208963A DE3208963C2 (en) 1982-03-12 1982-03-12 Dry process for the production of strongly contoured preforms from defibrated, glued wood fibers
DE3208963 1982-03-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0089013A1 true EP0089013A1 (en) 1983-09-21
EP0089013B1 EP0089013B1 (en) 1986-09-10

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EP83102347A Expired EP0089013B1 (en) 1982-03-12 1983-03-10 Method of producing flat bodies having an arbitrary shape with defibrated wood components

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4525321A (en)
EP (1) EP0089013B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58179636A (en)
AT (1) ATE22035T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1231883A (en)
CA (1) CA1209313A (en)
DE (1) DE3208963C2 (en)
ES (1) ES520516A0 (en)
ZA (1) ZA831593B (en)

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EP0507731A1 (en) * 1991-03-26 1992-10-07 Matec Holding Ag Method and apparatus for manufacturing a fibrous moulded article

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EP0223039B1 (en) * 1985-10-16 1990-08-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing a molded wooden product
DE3644067C2 (en) * 1986-12-22 1995-04-20 Lignotock Gmbh Process for gluing fibers, filaments, chips or similar pourable raw materials and device for carrying out the process
US5008359A (en) * 1988-11-25 1991-04-16 Weyerhaeuser Company Isocyanate modified cellulose products and method for their manufacture
JPH06296200A (en) * 1992-02-14 1994-10-21 Hashimoto Corp Automatic control system for video tape recorder
US5204176A (en) * 1992-03-03 1993-04-20 The Dow Chemical Company Structural siding composition
US6610228B2 (en) 1996-03-21 2003-08-26 Santee, Inc. Dry process for bonding silica-rich plant materials
US6433059B1 (en) 1996-03-21 2002-08-13 Santee, Inc. Method for preparing binder materials containing diisocyanates
US6221291B1 (en) 1999-02-26 2001-04-24 Lear Corporation Method for making a preform
US6383320B1 (en) * 1999-12-03 2002-05-07 Lear Corporation Method of forming a headliner
WO2003035740A1 (en) 2001-10-24 2003-05-01 Temple-Inland Forest Products Corporation Saccharide-based resin for the preparation of composite products
US6846849B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2005-01-25 Temple-Inland Forest Products Corporation Saccharide-based resin for the preparation of foam
JP6379989B2 (en) * 2014-10-20 2018-08-29 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Sheet manufacturing apparatus and sheet manufacturing method

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EP0355515A3 (en) * 1988-08-24 1991-12-04 Deutsche Fibrit Gesellschaft Ebers & Dr. Müller mbH Method of producing highly deformed vehicle interior lining supports from wood fibre moulding material
EP0507731A1 (en) * 1991-03-26 1992-10-07 Matec Holding Ag Method and apparatus for manufacturing a fibrous moulded article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8407418A1 (en) 1984-10-01
DE3208963A1 (en) 1983-09-29
ZA831593B (en) 1983-11-30
ES520516A0 (en) 1984-10-01
ATE22035T1 (en) 1986-09-15
US4525321A (en) 1985-06-25
CA1209313A (en) 1986-08-12
JPS58179636A (en) 1983-10-20
AU1231883A (en) 1983-09-15
EP0089013B1 (en) 1986-09-10
DE3208963C2 (en) 1985-06-27

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