EP0088313B1 - Fume hood - Google Patents

Fume hood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0088313B1
EP0088313B1 EP83101890A EP83101890A EP0088313B1 EP 0088313 B1 EP0088313 B1 EP 0088313B1 EP 83101890 A EP83101890 A EP 83101890A EP 83101890 A EP83101890 A EP 83101890A EP 0088313 B1 EP0088313 B1 EP 0088313B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
hood
air
opening
section
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EP83101890A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0088313B2 (en
EP0088313A1 (en
Inventor
Wolf-Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Denner
Andreas Dipl.-Ing. Biernacki
Günter Breitschwerdt
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Waldner Laboreinrichtungen GmbH and Co
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Waldner Laboreinrichtungen GmbH and Co
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Application filed by Waldner Laboreinrichtungen GmbH and Co filed Critical Waldner Laboreinrichtungen GmbH and Co
Priority to AT83101890T priority Critical patent/ATE16571T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B15/00—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • B08B15/02—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area using chambers or hoods covering the area
    • B08B15/023—Fume cabinets or cupboards, e.g. for laboratories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2215/00—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • B08B2215/003—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area with the assistance of blowing nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a deduction according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • US-PS 3 021776 is a trigger, in which the side side walls are provided over their entire surface with a plurality of holes through which the supply air is blown into the fume cupboard in such a way that the speed in the area of the suction opening is greatest and falling to the back wall.
  • the aim is to achieve a uniform air flow in order to achieve a static air pressure in the discharge chamber. A swirling does not take place because the single fume cupboard is arranged and designed accordingly. In this way, the vortex field aimed at according to the invention does not arise, from the center of which suction is extracted.
  • fume cupboards were equipped with a direct supply air connection in the ceiling area, through which air can be drawn in through the exhaust air fan. These fume cupboards differ from conventional fume cupboards without a supply air device in that air is sucked in via the supply air connection when the sash is closed and the air supply is restricted due to the vacuum in the fume cupboard. When the sash is open, however, most of the air is taken from the laboratory.
  • Laboratory fume cupboards are also known in which supply air is blown out in front of the windshield in such a way that it is sucked into the fume cupboard when the sash is partially or fully open.
  • the required air flow rate of conventional fume cupboards is specified in DIN 12924 and VDI guideline 2051.
  • DIN 12924 In order to prevent harmful gas outbreaks when the sash is partially or fully open, DIN 12924 requires that the ambient air enter at least 0.7 m / s with the sash open at 100 mm. This means that the volume flow extracted every hour in commercially available fume cupboards is at least 400 m 3 / h of air. This high air throughput is a considerable cost factor for the fume cupboard operator, since this air is taken from the laboratory room and must therefore be returned to the laboratory room by means of an appropriate air conditioning system.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a deduction which enables the supply air to be blown in with a substantially higher percentage (approx. 80%) than previously (approx. 40%) without the occurrence of pollutant outbreaks.
  • This object is achieved by the measures contained in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that a pure displacement flow, which is generated by blowing in supply air at any point in the fume cupboard, leads to outbreaks of harmful gas when the sash is open, since the entry speed of the room air is reduced by the additionally blown air and so z.
  • the air speed in the area of the sash must be increased in the manner of a laminar air curtain, this air curtain being influenced by the generation of a vortex spring inside the fume cupboard so that it is completely absorbed by the fume cupboard becomes.
  • the vortex field is generated in a partially open fume cupboard by attaching vertically arranged nozzle strips (1) on both sides, the blowout direction of which is directed towards the vertical center line of the sash (see Fig. 1).
  • Two suction openings (2) at a distance A from one another in the ceiling area (4) of the fume cupboard produce two vertically directed, counter-rotating tube swirls in connection with the nozzle bars (1) blowing in from the side, the center of which has a speed component (3) pointing vertically upwards , whereby the pollutants accumulating in the work area are transported to the suction openings.
  • each vortex is determined by the blow-out direction of the associated nozzle strip (1) (cf. FIG. 1b).
  • the generation of the vortices avoids a blunt collision of the two air curtains appearing on the side, since they receive a velocity component directed into the fume cupboard due to the superimposed vortex field.
  • the suction openings (2) can also be located in the base plate (5) of the fume cupboard, preferably if heavy gases are frequently used.
  • the trigger can also be designed so that the swirl fields run horizontally (see FIG. 2), the suction openings (2) being provided on one or on the opposite side walls (6).
  • the nozzle strips (1) are then in a horizontal position above and / or the suction opening with the direction of inflation vertically downwards or upwards.
  • the fume cupboard can also be designed so that a single swirl field is generated in the fume cupboard on its axis by only one suction opening (2) in the middle of a side wall (6) in connection with a nozzle bar (1) horizontally above or below the suction opening (3) the pollutant is transported to the suction opening.
  • the nozzle strips (1) have an approximately rectangular or square cross section (cf. FIG. 3) and are provided on their front side with an outlet opening (7, 7 ') which corresponds to the entire width of the strip (1).
  • the outlet opening (7, 7 ') is z. B. spanned a metal cloth.
  • An improvement in the inflow conditions in the fume cupboard can be achieved in that a direction into the fume cupboard is impressed in the bottom region (5) of the fume cupboard of the boundary layer that is formed there. This is done by angling the lower part of the nozzle strip (1) such that the rectangular shape in the upper part changes into a trapezoidal shape (Fig. 4). Since the air exits perpendicular to the plane of the metal sheet stretched over the bar (FIG. 4b), this results in a different outflow direction between the upper and lower part of the nozzle bar (1). The outflow direction of the lower nozzle part must be directed into the interior of the fume cupboard.
  • This division of the nozzle bar (1) requires a separate air supply for the upper and lower nozzle part and is achieved through a slot (11) between the rear wall of the nozzle and the inclined plate (9) located in the upper part of the nozzle.
  • An improvement in the speed distribution in the sense of an equalization over the entire front surface (7, 7 ') of the nozzle bar can be achieved by a rough surface of the plate (9) inclined in the nozzle bar (1) (e.g. felt covering, filter mats). This has an advantageous effect on the formation of the swirl fields.
  • a stabilization of the vortex and an improved extraction of heavy gases in the floor area (5) can be achieved by making a vertical slot (12) with a width of approx. 4 mm and a height of 100 mm in the middle of the rear exhaust wall, which is connected to the suction pipe is connected (cf. claim 8).
  • the air supply for the nozzle strips (1) can be carried out separately for each nozzle body, but can also be carried out through a common line (13) which must have a branch for the left-hand and right-hand nozzle (1).
  • the branching In order to obtain a uniform vortex distribution in the fume cupboard, the branching must be designed in such a way that the amount of air in the opposite nozzle strips can be adjusted when the fume cupboard is installed using a slide (or wedge).

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  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Fouling (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The hood for the extraction of gases, vapors and suspended matter comprises a hood casing, a supply air feed device and one or more suction outlets. It serves preferably as a laboratory hood. In the vicinity of the front suction inlet is provided at least one nozzle ledge for the supply air, whose outlet port is directed in the plane of the front suction inlet. At least one suction outlet is provided, which extracts in the direction of the axis of the vortex flow. According to a preferred embodiment, there are two suction outlets and two facing nozzle ledges. The nozzle ledges can have a rectangular cross-section, the front side being constructed as an outlet port. There is a constant reduction in the nozzle cross-section.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Abzug nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a deduction according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE-OS 26 59 736 ist eine Absaugvorrichtung für Maschinen bekannt, die die Merkmale des Oberbegriffs der Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 aufweist. Bei der Vorrichtung gemäß DE-OS 26 59 736 befindet sich unterhalb der Ansaugöffnung eine horizontal ausgerichtete Düsenieiste, aus der über ein Gebläse Zuluft in die Ebene der vorderen Ansaugöffnung geblasen wird. Etwa parallel zu dieser Düsenleiste erstreckt sich, ebenfalls etwa horizontal ausgerichtet, an der Oberkante der Ansaugöffnung ein Spalt, durch den abgesaugt wird.From the German patent application DE-OS 26 59 736 a suction device for machines is known, which has the features of the preamble of the device according to claim 1. In the device according to DE-OS 26 59 736 there is a horizontally oriented nozzle strip below the suction opening, from which supply air is blown into the plane of the front suction opening via a blower. Approximately parallel to this nozzle bar, also aligned approximately horizontally, is a gap at the upper edge of the suction opening through which suction is carried out.

Gleichzeitig befinden sich in der Rückwand der vorbekannten Vorrichtung zahlreiche Absaugöffnungen, durch die ebenfalls abgesaugt wird. Durch diese vorbekannte Anordnung von Düsenleiste zum Einblasen von Zuluft und Form und Anordnung der verschiedenen Abzugsöffnungen stellt sich innerhalb des Gehäuses der Vorrichtung keine gleichförmige Wirbelströmung mit einer definierten Achse ein ; die Verwirbelung innerhalb der Vorrichtung ist statistisch ungeordnet. Die vorliegende Erfindung unterscheidet sich von dieser Vorrichtung durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung wird innerhalb des Laborabzugs ein Schlauchwirbel erzeugt, aus dessen Zentrum heraus abgesaugt wird.At the same time there are numerous suction openings in the rear wall of the known device, through which suction is also carried out. Due to this previously known arrangement of the nozzle bar for blowing in the supply air and the shape and arrangement of the different exhaust openings, no uniform vortex flow with a defined axis occurs within the housing of the device; the swirl within the device is statistically disordered. The present invention differs from this device by the characterizing features of claim 1. Due to the arrangement according to the invention, a tube vortex is generated within the laboratory fume cupboard, from the center of which is suctioned off.

Aus der US-PS 3 021776 geht ein Abzug hervor, bei dem die seitlichen Seitenwände über ihre gesamte Fläche mit einer Vielzahl von Löchern versehen sind, durch die die Zuluft in den Abzug derart geblasen wird, daß die Geschwindigkeit im Bereich der Ansaugöffnung am größten und auf die Rückwand zu abfallend ist. Hierdurch wird, im Gegensatz zum erfindungsge= mäßen Anmeldungsgegenstand, angestrebt, einen gleichförmigen Luftstrom zur Erzielung eines statischen Luftdrucks in der Abzugskammer zu erzielen. Eine Verwirbelung findet nicht statt, weil der mittig abgeordnete einzelne Abzug entsprechend angeordnet und ausgelegt ist. So entsteht nicht das erfindungsgemäß angestrebte Wirbelfeld, aus dessen Zentrum abgesaugt wird.From US-PS 3 021776 is a trigger, in which the side side walls are provided over their entire surface with a plurality of holes through which the supply air is blown into the fume cupboard in such a way that the speed in the area of the suction opening is greatest and falling to the back wall. In contrast to the subject of the application according to the invention, the aim is to achieve a uniform air flow in order to achieve a static air pressure in the discharge chamber. A swirling does not take place because the single fume cupboard is arranged and designed accordingly. In this way, the vortex field aimed at according to the invention does not arise, from the center of which suction is extracted.

Es ist auch bekannt, daß Laborabzüge mit einer direkten Zuluftverbindung im Deckenbereich ausgestattet wurden, über die durch das Abluftgebiäse Luft angesaugt werden kann. Diese Abzüge unterscheiden sich von herkömmlichen Abzügen ohne Zulufteinrichtung dadurch, daß bei geschlossenem Frontschieber und damit eingeschränkter Luftzuführung aus dem Laborraum auf Grund des Unterdrucks im Abzugs über die Zuluftverbindung Luft angesaugt wird. Bei geöffnetem Frontschieber wird jedoch die Luft weitgehend dem Labor entnommen.It is also known that fume cupboards were equipped with a direct supply air connection in the ceiling area, through which air can be drawn in through the exhaust air fan. These fume cupboards differ from conventional fume cupboards without a supply air device in that air is sucked in via the supply air connection when the sash is closed and the air supply is restricted due to the vacuum in the fume cupboard. When the sash is open, however, most of the air is taken from the laboratory.

Bekannt sind auch Laborabzüge, bei denen Zuluft vor der Frontscheibe derart ausgeblasen wird, daß diese bei teilweise oder ganz geöffnetem Frontschieber in den Abzug gesaugt wird.Laboratory fume cupboards are also known in which supply air is blown out in front of the windshield in such a way that it is sucked into the fume cupboard when the sash is partially or fully open.

Der erforderliche Luftdurchsatz herkömmlicher Laborabzüge ist in DIN 12924 und der VDI-Richtlinie 2051 festgelegt. Um Schadgasausbrüche bei teilweise oder ganz geöffnetem Frontschieber zu verhindern, wird deshalb in DIN 12924 bei 100 mm geöffnetem Frontschieber eine Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit der Umgebungsluft von mindestens 0,7 m/s gefordert. Dies bedingt, daß der stündlich abgesaugte Volumenstrom bei handelsüblichen Laborabzügen mindestens 400 m3/h Luft beträgt. Dieser hohe Luftdurchsatz ist ein beträchtlicher Kostenfaktor für den Betreiber des Abzugs, da diese Luft dem Laborraum entnommen wird und demnach durch eine entsprechende Klimaanlage dem Laborraum wieder zugeführt werden muß. Insbesondere bei mehreren Abzügen innerhalb eines Laborraums treten dadurch hohe Luftwechsel auf (bis zu 20-fachem Luftwechsel pro Stunde), so daß das Laborpersonal ständig Zugerscheinungen ausgesetzt ist. Wird die vom Laborabzug abzusaugende Luft jedoch nicht dem Laborraum entzogen, sondern zusätzlich in den Abzug eingeblasen, kann bei geeigneter Ausbildung des Strömungsfeldes im Abzug sowohl eine Kapselung und Absaugung der Schadstoffe vorgenommen werden, als auch Zugerscheinungen im Labor vermieden werden, wodurch die Klimaanlage des Labors eine wesentlich geringere Kapazität aufweisen kann.The required air flow rate of conventional fume cupboards is specified in DIN 12924 and VDI guideline 2051. In order to prevent harmful gas outbreaks when the sash is partially or fully open, DIN 12924 requires that the ambient air enter at least 0.7 m / s with the sash open at 100 mm. This means that the volume flow extracted every hour in commercially available fume cupboards is at least 400 m 3 / h of air. This high air throughput is a considerable cost factor for the fume cupboard operator, since this air is taken from the laboratory room and must therefore be returned to the laboratory room by means of an appropriate air conditioning system. Particularly when there are several fume cupboards within a laboratory room, high air changes occur (up to 20 air changes per hour), so that laboratory personnel are constantly exposed to drafts. If, however, the air to be extracted from the fume cupboard is not extracted from the laboratory room, but is also blown into the fume cupboard, with a suitable design of the flow field in the fume cupboard, encapsulation and extraction of the pollutants can be carried out, as well as drafts in the laboratory, thereby avoiding air conditioning in the laboratory can have a significantly lower capacity.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Abzug anzugeben, der das Einblasen von Zuluft mit einem wesentlich höheren Prozentsatz (ca. 80 %) als bisher (ca. 40 %) ermöglicht, ohne daß Schadstoffausbrüche auftreten. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 enthaltenen Maßnahmen gelöst.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a deduction which enables the supply air to be blown in with a substantially higher percentage (approx. 80%) than previously (approx. 40%) without the occurrence of pollutant outbreaks. This object is achieved by the measures contained in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß eine reine Verdrängungsströmung, die durch Einblasen von Zuluft an beliebiger Stelle des Laborabzugs erzeugt wird, bei geöffnetem Frontschieber zu Schadgasausbrüchen führt, da die Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit der Raumluft durch die zusätzlich eingeblasene Luft heruntergesetzt wird und so z. B. bei voll geöffnetem Frontschieber mit einer Öffnungsfläche von 1 m2 bei 400 m3/h abgesaugter Luft und 80% Zuluft nur noch ca. 0,02 m/s beträgt, so daß selbst kleinste Störungen durch Zugluft oder vorbeigehende Personen zum Ausmischen von Schadgas führen.The invention is based on the knowledge that a pure displacement flow, which is generated by blowing in supply air at any point in the fume cupboard, leads to outbreaks of harmful gas when the sash is open, since the entry speed of the room air is reduced by the additionally blown air and so z. B. with fully open sash with an opening area of 1 m 2 at 400 m 3 / h of extracted air and 80% supply air is only about 0.02 m / s, so that even the smallest disturbances by drafts or people passing by to mix Lead harmful gas.

Um eine Abschirmung der Frontseite des Laborabzugs bei geöffnetem Frontschieber zu erreichen, muß deshalb die Luftgeschwindigkeit im Bereich des Frontschiebers nach Art eines laminaren Luftschleiers erhöht werden, wobei dieser Luftschleier durch Erzeugung eines innerhalb des Abzuges liegenden Wirbelfedes so beeinflußt wird, daß er vollständig vom Laborabzug aufgenommen wird.In order to shield the front of the fume cupboard when the sash is open, the air speed in the area of the sash must be increased in the manner of a laminar air curtain, this air curtain being influenced by the generation of a vortex spring inside the fume cupboard so that it is completely absorbed by the fume cupboard becomes.

Anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1a : Schematische Darstellungen eines Abzuges in der Vorderansicht nach Anspruch 1 und 2.
  • Figur 1b: Darstellung mit Draufsicht des Wirbelfeldes.
  • Figur 2a: Schematische Darstellung eines Abzuges nach Anspruch 4.
  • Figur 2b : Seitenansicht des Abzugs nach Anspruch 4.
  • Figur 3: Perspektivische Darstellung einer Düsenleiste nach Anspruch 5.
  • Figur 4a : Perspektivische Darstellung einer Düsenleiste nach Anspruch 6.
  • Figur 4b : Schnitt durch den unteren Teil der Düsenleiste.
The invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments. Show it :
  • Figure 1a: Schematic representations of a trigger in the front view according to claims 1 and 2.
  • Figure 1b: Top view of the vortex field.
  • Figure 2a: Schematic representation of a trigger according to claim 4.
  • Figure 2b: side view of the trigger according to claim 4.
  • Figure 3: Perspective view of a nozzle bar according to claim 5.
  • Figure 4a: Perspective view of a nozzle bar according to claim 6.
  • Figure 4b: Section through the lower part of the nozzle bar.

Das Wirbelfeld wird in einem Ausführungsbeispiel in einem teilweise offenen Laborabzug dadurch erzeugt, daß im Bereich des Frontschiebers beidseitig vertikal angeordnete Düsenleisten (1) angebracht werden, deren Ausblasrichtung zur vertikalen Mittellinie des Frontschiebers gerichtet ist (vgl. Fig. 1). Durch zwei im Abstand A voneinander entfernte Absaugöffnungen (2) im Deckenbereich (4) des Abzuges werden in Verbindung mit den seitlich einblasenden Düsenleisten (1) zwei vertikal gerichtete, gegensinnig rotierende Schlauchwirbel erzeugt, deren Zentrum eine senkrecht nach oben gerichtete Geschwindigkeitskomponente (3) aufweist, wodurch die im Arbeitsbereich anfallenden Schadstoffe zu den Absaugöffnungen hin transportiert werden.In one embodiment, the vortex field is generated in a partially open fume cupboard by attaching vertically arranged nozzle strips (1) on both sides, the blowout direction of which is directed towards the vertical center line of the sash (see Fig. 1). Two suction openings (2) at a distance A from one another in the ceiling area (4) of the fume cupboard produce two vertically directed, counter-rotating tube swirls in connection with the nozzle bars (1) blowing in from the side, the center of which has a speed component (3) pointing vertically upwards , whereby the pollutants accumulating in the work area are transported to the suction openings.

Die Drehrichtung eines jeden Wirbels wird dabei durch die Ausblasrichtung der dazugehörigen Düseleiste (1) bestimmt (vgl. Fig. 1b). Durch die Erzeugung der Wirbel wird ein stumpfes Aufeinandertreffen der beiden seitlich auftretenden Luftvorhänge vermieden, da diese durch das überlagerte Wirbelfeld eine in den Abzug hineingerichtete Geschwindigkeitskomponente erhalten.The direction of rotation of each vortex is determined by the blow-out direction of the associated nozzle strip (1) (cf. FIG. 1b). The generation of the vortices avoids a blunt collision of the two air curtains appearing on the side, since they receive a velocity component directed into the fume cupboard due to the superimposed vortex field.

Die Absaugöffnungen (2) können sich auch in der Bodenplatte (5) des Abzugs befinden, vorzugsweise dann, wenn häufig mit schweren Gasen gearbeitet wird.The suction openings (2) can also be located in the base plate (5) of the fume cupboard, preferably if heavy gases are frequently used.

Der Abzug kann weiterhin so gestaltet werden, daß die Wirbelfelder horizontal verlaufen (vgl. Fig. 2), wobei die Absaugöffnungen (2) auf einer, oder auch auf den jeweils gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden (6) angebracht sind. Die Düsenleisten (1) befinden sich dann in horizontaler Lage über und/oder der Ansaugöffnung mit Aufblasrichtung senkrecht nach unten oder oben.The trigger can also be designed so that the swirl fields run horizontally (see FIG. 2), the suction openings (2) being provided on one or on the opposite side walls (6). The nozzle strips (1) are then in a horizontal position above and / or the suction opening with the direction of inflation vertically downwards or upwards.

Der Abzug kann auch so gestaltet sein, daß durch lediglich eine Absaugöffnung (2) in der Mitte einer Seitenwand (6) in Verbindung mit einer horizontal über oder unter der Ansaugöffnung gelegenen Düsenleiste (1) ein einzelnes Wirbelfeld im Abzug erzeugt wird, auf dessen Achse (3) der Schadstofftransport zur Absaugöffnung hin stattfindet.The fume cupboard can also be designed so that a single swirl field is generated in the fume cupboard on its axis by only one suction opening (2) in the middle of a side wall (6) in connection with a nozzle bar (1) horizontally above or below the suction opening (3) the pollutant is transported to the suction opening.

Die Düsenleisten (1) haben etwa rechteckigen oder quadratischen Querschnitt (vgl. Fig. 3) und sind an ihrer vorderen Seite mit einer Austrittsöffnung (7, 7') versehen, die der ganzen Breite der Leiste (1) entspricht. Die Austrittsöffnung (7, 7') wird durch einen Strömungswiderstand z. B. ein Metalltuch, überspannt. Um eine gleichmäßige Geschwindigkeitsverteilung der aus der Düseneleiste (1) auströmenden Luft zu erhalten, befindet sich im Düsenkörper (8) eine schräg angestellte Platte (3) derart, daß der Düsenquerschnitt stromabwärts für die Zuluft stetig verkleinert wird.The nozzle strips (1) have an approximately rectangular or square cross section (cf. FIG. 3) and are provided on their front side with an outlet opening (7, 7 ') which corresponds to the entire width of the strip (1). The outlet opening (7, 7 ') is z. B. spanned a metal cloth. In order to obtain a uniform speed distribution of the air flowing out of the nozzle bar (1), there is an inclined plate (3) in the nozzle body (8) in such a way that the nozzle cross section downstream for the supply air is continuously reduced.

Eine Verbesserung der Einströmverhältnisse im Abzug läßt sich dadurch erreichen, daß im Bodenbereich (5) des Abzugs der dort entstehenden Grenzschicht eine Richtung in den Abzug hinein aufgeprägt wird. Dies geschieht durch ein Anwinkeln des unteren Teils der Düsenleiste (1) derart, daß die im oberen Teil rechteckige Form in eine Trapezform übergeht (Fig. 4). Da die Luft senkrecht zur Ebene des über die Leiste gespannten Metalltuchs austritt (Fig. 4b), ergibt sich somit eine unterschiedliche Auströmrichtung zwischen oberem und unterem Teil der Düsenleiste (1). Die Ausströmrichtung des unteren Düsenteils muß dabei in den Innenraum des Abzugs gerichtet sein. Diese Aufteilung der Düsenleiste (1) fordert eine getrennte Luftzuführung für den oberen und unteren Düsenteil und wird durch einen Schlitz (11) zwischen Düsenrückwand und der im oberen Teil der Düse befindlichen, schräg angestellten Platte (9) erreicht.An improvement in the inflow conditions in the fume cupboard can be achieved in that a direction into the fume cupboard is impressed in the bottom region (5) of the fume cupboard of the boundary layer that is formed there. This is done by angling the lower part of the nozzle strip (1) such that the rectangular shape in the upper part changes into a trapezoidal shape (Fig. 4). Since the air exits perpendicular to the plane of the metal sheet stretched over the bar (FIG. 4b), this results in a different outflow direction between the upper and lower part of the nozzle bar (1). The outflow direction of the lower nozzle part must be directed into the interior of the fume cupboard. This division of the nozzle bar (1) requires a separate air supply for the upper and lower nozzle part and is achieved through a slot (11) between the rear wall of the nozzle and the inclined plate (9) located in the upper part of the nozzle.

Eine Verbesserung der Geschwindigkeitsverteilung im Sinne einer Vergleichmäßigung über die gesamte Frontfläche (7, 7') der Düsenleiste läßt sich durch eine rauhe Oberfläche der in der Düsenleiste (1) schräg angestellten Platte (9) erzielen (z. B. Filzbelag, Filtermatten). Dies wirkt sich vorteilhaft auf die Ausbildung der Wirbelfelder aus.An improvement in the speed distribution in the sense of an equalization over the entire front surface (7, 7 ') of the nozzle bar can be achieved by a rough surface of the plate (9) inclined in the nozzle bar (1) (e.g. felt covering, filter mats). This has an advantageous effect on the formation of the swirl fields.

Eine Stabilisierung der Wirbel sowie eine verbesserte Absaugung schwerer Gase im Bodenbereich (5) kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß in der Mitte der rückwärtigen Abzugswand ein vertikaler Schlitz (12) mit ca. 4 mm Breite und 100 mm Höhe angebracht wird, der mit dem Absaugrohr verbunden ist (vgl. Anspruch 8).A stabilization of the vortex and an improved extraction of heavy gases in the floor area (5) can be achieved by making a vertical slot (12) with a width of approx. 4 mm and a height of 100 mm in the middle of the rear exhaust wall, which is connected to the suction pipe is connected (cf. claim 8).

Die Luftzuführung für die Düsenleisten (1) kann für jeden Düsenkörper getrennt, aber auch durch eine gemeinsame Leitung (13) durchgeführt werden, die eine Verzweigung für die links- und rechtsseitige Düse (1) haben muß. Um eine gleichmäßige Wirbelverteilung im Abzug zu erhalten, muß die Verzweigung so gestaltet werden, daß durch einen Schieber (oder Keil) die Luftmengen der gegenüberliegenden Düsenleisten bei Montage des Abzuges eingestellt werden können.The air supply for the nozzle strips (1) can be carried out separately for each nozzle body, but can also be carried out through a common line (13) which must have a branch for the left-hand and right-hand nozzle (1). In order to obtain a uniform vortex distribution in the fume cupboard, the branching must be designed in such a way that the amount of air in the opposite nozzle strips can be adjusted when the fume cupboard is installed using a slide (or wedge).

Claims (8)

1. A hood for drawing off gases, vapours and suspended matter, particularly a laboratory hood, consisting in a hood housing, an arrangement (13) for the intake of fresh air, one or more drawing off openings (2), the fresh air being taken in from the ambient air either to the extent of 100 % or only partly, e. g. via a pipe connection between the hood housing and the outside air, there being provided in the area of the front suction opening at least one nozzle strip (1) for the intake of air, the outlet opening of the strip being directed into the plane of the front suction opening, characterised in that at least one drawing off opening (2) is arranged in the housing in such a manner that the direction of drawing off extends in the direction of the axis (3) of the turbulent flow situated inside the hood.
2. A hood according to Claim 1, characterised in that the nozzle strip (1) is arranged on the upper and/or lower suction opening and the drawing off opening(s) (2) is/are disposed on the side walls (6).
3. A hood according to Claim 1, characterised in that in the area of the suction opening provision is made for nozzle strips (1) extending vertically on both sides, and for two drawing off openings (2) on the cover plate (4), the outlet openings of the nozzle strips (1) being directed one towards the other.
4. A hood according to Claim 3, characterised in that the drawing off openings (2) are disposed on the bottom plate (5).
5. A hood according to Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the nozzle strip (1) consists in a nozzle housing (8) of substantially rectangular section, in that the front side (7) is designed as an outlet opening which is covered by a large-surface resistance to flow, e. g. a wire fabric, in that in the nozzle housing (8) a plate (9) is disposed which constantly reduces the cross-section of the nozzle, starting with the inlet opening (10) for the air taken in (Fig. 3).
6. A hood according to Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the nozzle strip (1) has in the upper area a substantially rectangular cross-section, in that the front side (7) is constructed as an outflow opening which is covered by a large-surface resistance to flow, in that in the nozzle housing (8) a plate (9) is disposed which constantly reduces the cross-section of the nozzle in the upper area, in that in the lower area the cross-section has a trapezoidal shape, in such a manner that the outlet opening (T) is at an angle with respect to the outlet opening (7), and in that the air taken in for the outlet opening (7') is led through a slit (11) between the plate (9) and the rear wall of the nozzle.
7. A hood according to Claims 5 and 6, characterised in that the plate (9) has a rough surface, e. g. a felt covering.
8. A hood according to Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that in the middle of the rearward drawing off wall a vertical slit (12) is provided which is situated above the bottom plate (5) and extends over about 10 % of the drawing off height.
EP83101890A 1982-03-10 1983-02-25 Fume hood Expired - Lifetime EP0088313B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83101890T ATE16571T1 (en) 1982-03-10 1983-02-25 VENTILATION FOR EXTRACTION OF GASES, FUMES AND PARTICULATE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3208622A DE3208622C1 (en) 1982-03-10 1982-03-10 Deduction for extracting gases, vapors and suspended matter
DE3208622 1982-03-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0088313A1 EP0088313A1 (en) 1983-09-14
EP0088313B1 true EP0088313B1 (en) 1985-11-21
EP0088313B2 EP0088313B2 (en) 1991-06-19

Family

ID=6157834

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83101890A Expired - Lifetime EP0088313B2 (en) 1982-03-10 1983-02-25 Fume hood

Country Status (7)

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US (2) US4550650A (en)
EP (1) EP0088313B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS58223444A (en)
AT (1) ATE16571T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3208622C1 (en)
DK (1) DK116283A (en)
NO (1) NO161897C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4622888A (en) 1986-11-18
NO161897C (en) 1989-10-11
NO161897B (en) 1989-07-03
EP0088313B2 (en) 1991-06-19
NO830828L (en) 1983-09-12
DE3208622C1 (en) 1983-12-15
JPS58223444A (en) 1983-12-26
DK116283A (en) 1983-09-11
EP0088313A1 (en) 1983-09-14
JPH035852B2 (en) 1991-01-28
DK116283D0 (en) 1983-03-10
US4550650A (en) 1985-11-05
ATE16571T1 (en) 1985-12-15

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