EP0086695B1 - Dampferzeuger mit U-Rohrbündel und Überhitzer - Google Patents

Dampferzeuger mit U-Rohrbündel und Überhitzer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0086695B1
EP0086695B1 EP83400235A EP83400235A EP0086695B1 EP 0086695 B1 EP0086695 B1 EP 0086695B1 EP 83400235 A EP83400235 A EP 83400235A EP 83400235 A EP83400235 A EP 83400235A EP 0086695 B1 EP0086695 B1 EP 0086695B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bundle
water
steam generator
branch
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83400235A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0086695A1 (de
Inventor
Pol Dejeux
Jean-Luc Leroy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Areva NP SAS
Original Assignee
Framatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Framatome SA filed Critical Framatome SA
Publication of EP0086695A1 publication Critical patent/EP0086695A1/de
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Publication of EP0086695B1 publication Critical patent/EP0086695B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/023—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers with heating tubes, for nuclear reactors as far as they are not classified, according to a specified heating fluid, in another group
    • F22B1/025—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers with heating tubes, for nuclear reactors as far as they are not classified, according to a specified heating fluid, in another group with vertical U shaped tubes carried on a horizontal tube sheet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a superheated U-tube bundle steam generator.
  • Such steam generators are for example used in the case of nuclear pressurized water reactors and are used for the production of steam by using, for heating and vaporizing edible water, pressurized water from the reactor as primary fluid .
  • These steam generators comprise a water box in two parts separated by a partition, for supplying the tubes of the bundle with hot primary fluid and for discharging the cooled primary fluid after passage through the bundle and brought into thermal contact with the food water to spray.
  • the U-shaped tubes of the bundle are fixed to a tubular plate, one face or inlet face of which is situated on the side of the water box. The ends of the tubes are flush with this inlet face and are thus in communication, for each of the tubes, on the one hand with the supply part and on the other hand with the discharge part of the water box.
  • the other face of the tubular plate or outlet face is crossed by the bundle of tubes arranged vertically inside the upper part of the steam generator, the external envelope of which is called "secondary envelope".
  • the water box and the secondary casing are welded to the tube plate, on either side of the latter, that is to say at its entry face and at its exit face. respectively.
  • the bundle of U-shaped tubes is itself disposed inside an envelope coaxial with the secondary envelope and arranged inside the latter, so that an annular space remains between the external wall of the 'envelope of the bundle and the internal wall of the secondary envelope.
  • the drinking water is supplied via a tube at the base of the bundle on the side of the cold branch thereof, that is to say on the side from which the primary fluid exits.
  • this edible water can be brought by the tubing into the annular space between the secondary envelope and the bundle envelope and then introduced inside the bundle envelope, on the side of the cold branch, by an opening provided in the bundle envelope above the tube plate.
  • the cold branch and the hot branch of the bundle are separated by a partition linked to the tube plate which makes it possible to channel the circulation of drinking water and then steam along the bundle.
  • the food water coming into contact with the cold branch of the bundle begins to heat up and rise along this cold branch until the moment when the vaporization begins, the circulation of the two-phase water-vapor mixture and then the circulation of steam continuing to descend along the hot branch of the bundle after bypassing the upper part of the partition.
  • the circulation of the vapor along the hot branch makes it possible to obtain a dry steam, then a superheated steam which is recovered at the lower part of the hot branch of the bundle by a vapor recuperator emerging in a tube passing through the secondary envelope .
  • the upper part of the secondary envelope containing the steam-water separators makes it possible to recover part of the food water entrained with the vapor which constitutes a reserve of recirculating water above the bundle envelope.
  • This water reserve makes it possible to supply the steam generator for a sufficient time to allow the operators of the nuclear power station to intervene in the event of an accidental total interruption of the supply of drinking water to the steam generator.
  • the emergency food water in the event of a malfunction of the normal supply circuit, is brought to the steam generator in the vicinity of the tube plate, which creates thermal shock when using this emergency circuit whose water is at a temperature much lower than the temperature of the primary fluid.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a steam generator with a bundle of U-shaped and overheated tubes comprising a water box in two parts for supplying the tubes with hot primary fluid and for discharging the cooled primary fluid.
  • a secondary envelope containing drinking water
  • a tubular plate in which the bundle tubes are fixed, secured to the water box at its entry face on which the ends of the tubes are flush with the secondary envelope, at its exit face crossed by the bundle and an envelope enclosing the bundle of tubes, disposed inside the secondary envelope to provide an annular space with the secondary casing, a space into which there is an intake pipe for food water, on the side of the bundle outlet branch, or cold branch
  • the bundle bundle com carrying at least one opening above the tubular plate for the passage of drinking water inside the envelope of the bundle to come into contact with the cold branch, a partition wall arranged between the cold branch and the hot branch of the bundle through which the fluid exits primary allowing the piping of the food
  • a free space is provided inside the secondary envelope, to constitute a reserve of drinking water in communication with the annular space and with at least one means of water supply at a temperature lower than the temperature of the primary fluid.
  • a steam generator comprising a water box 1 supplied with pressurized water, on one side of the partition 2 by a pipe 3, the pressurized water being evacuated by a pipe 4 of the second part of the water box on the other side of the partition 2.
  • the water box 1 is fixed to a tubular plate 5 traversed by the ends of the tubes 6 of the bundle which are fixed inside the holes of this tubular plate.
  • the ends of the tubes are flush with the underside or entry face of the plate 5 so that one end of each tube communicates with one of the parts of the water box and the other end with the other part of this box water. In this way the circulation of water in the bundle is ensured in the direction of arrow 8, that is to say first by passing from bottom to top of the water inside the hot branch. 9 then by passing this primary water from top to bottom inside the cold branch 10.
  • the tube bundle 6 is disposed a cylindrical bundle envelope 12 and closed by a spherical bottom at its upper part.
  • the bundle envelope 12 is itself disposed inside the secondary envelope 14 fixed to the tube plate and providing an annular space 15 around the bundle envelope 12.
  • horizontal and vertical spacers 17 make it possible to center and maintain the bundle envelope inside the secondary envelope.
  • the bundle envelope does not rest directly on the tube plate, so that on the side of the cold branch 10 there remains a passage 19 between the lower part of the bundle envelope and the tube plate.
  • the envelope of the bundle 12 is connected to the vapor recuperator 20 which will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4 or to FIG. 5.
  • the secondary envelope comprises a tube 21 for the supply of edible water into the annular space 15, this edible water then descending to the base of the annular space to be introduced inside the envelope of beam through the passage 19.
  • the secondary envelope also comprises a pipe 22 for the steam outlet, this pipe 22 being in communication with the outlet of the value collector 20.
  • the interior volume of the bundle envelope is separated into two parts up to the upper end of the straight part of the tubes by a central partition 24 making it possible to channel the circulation of drinking water and steam inside. of the envelope 12.
  • the edible water as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 3, introduced into the annular space 15 through the tubing 21, separates into two descending streams in this annular space and enters the bundle envelope through the passage lower 19 above the tube plate. Food water is thus perfectly distributed to the lower part of the cold branch of the tubular bundle in contact with which this food water heats up.
  • the heated food water inside the cold branch part of the tube bundle is channeled by the bundle envelope and the central partition 24.
  • the vaporization is complete after a certain course of the two-phase mixture along the upper part of the hot branch, from top to bottom, so that the superheating of the vapor has place during the last part of the course of this one along the hot branch of the bundle, before the vapor recuperator 20.
  • the vapor recovery takes place at the lower part of the bundle envelope 12 by passage of the vapor inside the envelope of the recuperator.
  • the envelope 14 has been extended over a relatively large height above the bundle envelope 12, so as to provide a free space 25 in communication with the annular space 15 and with a tube 26 connected to a pipe 27 in bypass on the main food water pipe and a pipe 28 receiving emergency food water from the safety system of the steam generator.
  • the cross section of these steam generators is such that it is possible to store 10 water per linear meter of the secondary envelope, above the bundle envelope.
  • the thermal power of the steam generator is determined from the flow rate of the primary fluid and the inlet and outlet temperature of this fluid. In the case of nuclear reactors, these parameters are perfectly defined, so that it is possible to determine the emergency water capacity necessary to be able to intervene in the event of an interruption of water supply to the steam generator and therefore to determine the necessary dimension of the capacity 25 included inside the secondary envelope and situated above the bundle envelope.
  • part of the drinking water filling the secondary envelope 14 comes into contact with the bundle envelope 12, in the annular space 15, in the vicinity of the hot branch 9. It therefore produces a vaporization of part of this food water and the vapor comes to accumulate at the highest part of the casing 14.
  • An introduction of water at the inlet temperature through the tube 26 makes it possible to condense this and to maintain a full filling of the emergency capacity 25 with water during normal operation of the steam generator.
  • the drinking water from the pipe 28 enters the casing 14 at its upper part through the tubing 26, mixes with the water of the capacity 25 and heats up before descending into the annular space 15.
  • the overheating is reduced, delaying the start of vaporization and prolonging the presence of a two-phase state of the fluid circulating along the branch. beam hot.
  • FIG. 4 an embodiment of the vapor recuperator 20 can be seen where it constitutes the lower part of the bundle envelope 12.
  • the lower part of the ferrule 12 of the bundle envelope is limited so as to provide a space 30 above the tubular plate 5.
  • the vapor recuperator 20 comprises an external ferrule 31 closed at its upper part and welded to the ferrule 12 by means of a crown 32. At its lower part, the ferrule 31 is welded continuously over its entire periphery to the tubular plate 5.
  • the partition 24 closes the recuperator steam box in the diametrical plane of the steam generator.
  • This steam box is therefore completely sealed and constitutes the lower part of the bundle envelope 12.
  • this vapor can pass through the opening 30 inside the steam box from where it is evacuated to the pipe 22 by means of a flexible sleeve 34 for connection between the steam box and the secondary envelope 14.
  • a flow restrictor 33 is on the other hand interposed on the passage of steam inside the pipe 22.
  • the flexible sleeve 34 makes it possible to make up for the differential expansions between the bundle envelope and the secondary envelope.
  • FIG 5 we see a second embodiment of the vapor recuperator 20 where the steam box is integral with the lower part of the bundle casing 12 on which it is welded.
  • This steam box 36 is in contact with the tube plate 5 by means of a rail sealing system 37, in the diametrical plane of the generator, and by means of a lamella sealing system 38 at the base of its cylindrical surface.
  • the steam box 36 is placed in communication with the pipe 22 by means of a rigid sleeve 39 constituting a flow limiter 40 inside the pipe 22.
  • the sealing systems 37 and 38 make it possible to absorb the mounting and expansion play of the device.
  • This device is obviously not absolutely waterproof like the device shown in FIG. 4.
  • the main advantages of the device according to the invention are to allow a simple reserve of emergency water to be produced above the tube bundle and therefore to allow operators to intervene in a slightly delayed manner after a power failure.
  • in steam generator water introduce emergency food water in this capacity where it mixes and heats up before descending into the annular space up to the level of the tube plate, finally adopting an entirely construction symmetrical of the steam generator while allowing a regulation of the superheating by acting on the parameters of the food water introduced in the secondary enclosure.
  • the steam generator according to the invention applies not only in the case of pressurized water nuclear reactors but also in the case of other high-power installations which may require overheating of the steam produced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Tea And Coffee (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Dampferzeuger mit U-förmigen Rohrbündel und Überhitzung bestehend aus einem zweiteiligen Wasserkasten (1) zur Versorgung der Rohre mit warmem Primärmedium und Abführen des gekühlten Primärmediums nach dessen Durchlauf durch das Rohrbündel und Wärmekontaktherstellung mit dem zu zerstäubenden Speisewasser, einem das Speisewasser aufnehmenden Sekundärmantel (14), einer Rohrplatte (5) mit den daran befestigten Bündelrohre (6), welche an der einlaufseitigen Fläche, auf der die Rohrenden bündig abschliessen, und an der von dem Rohrbündel durchquerten auslaufseitigen Fläche mit dem Wasserkasten (1) bzw. mit dem Sekundärmantel (14) jeweils fest verbunden ist, sowie aus einem das Rohrbündel aufnehmenden, innen in dem Sekundärmantel (14) derart angeordneten Mantel (12), dass ein kreisförmiger Raum (15) mit dem Sekundärmantel (14) gebildet wird, in den ein Speisewasser-Zufuhrstutzen (21) am austrittsseitigen Schenkel (10) oder kalten Schenkel des Rohrbündels mündet, wobei der Rohrbündelmantel (12) mindestens eine Öffnung (19) über der Rohrplatte (5) zum Durchtritt des Speisewassers in den Rohrbündelmantel (12) aufweist, um somit mit dem kalten Schenkel (10) in Berührung zu kommen, und wobei die zwischen dem kalten Schenkel (10) und dem warmen Schenkel (9) des Rohrbündels, aus dem das Primärmedium austritt, angeordnete Trennwand (24) die Speisewasser-, dann die Dampfführung entlang des Rohrbündels ermöglicht - ein Heissdampfrekuperator (20) zum Abführen des überhitzten Dampfes über einen in den kreisförmigen Raum mündenden Stutzen (22) ist in der Nähe des Endes des die Rohrplatte (5) durchquerenden warmen Schenkels (9) angeordnet - dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Bildung einer Speisewasserreserve über dem Rohrbündelmantel (12) innen in dem Sekundärmantel (14) ein freier Raum (25) vorgesehen ist, der mit dem kreisförmigen Raum (15) und mindestens mit einem Versorgungsmittel (26) für Wasser bei einer unter der Primärmediumtemperatur liegenden Temperatur in Verbindung steht.
2. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für eine 1 000 MW Dampferzeuger-Wärmeleistung die Wasserreserve mindestens 20 Tonnen Speisewasser aufnehmen kann, wobei die Leistung aus der Eintrittstemperatur, der Austrittstemperatur und dem Primärmediumdurchsatz bestimmt wird.
3. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für eine 1 000 MW Dampferzeuger-Wärmeleistung die Kapazität der Wasserreserve bei 50 Tonnen liegt.
4. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der kalte Schenkel (10) und der warme Schenkel (9) des Rohrbündels zu einer Ebene symmetrisch sind, und dass die Trennwand (24) dieses kalten Schenkels (10) und dieses warmen Schenkels (9) in der Rohrbündelsymmetrieebene liegt.
5. Verfahren zum Einsatz eines Dampferzeugers nach Anspruch 4, mit dem eine Modulierung der Überhitzungswirkung des Generators erzielt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens einer der Parameter wie Temperatur. Druck und Durchsatz des dem Dampferzeuger zugeführten Speisewassers variiert wird, um die Länge der Zone des Rohrbündelschenkels, in welcher der Dampf überhitzt wird, zu ändern.
EP83400235A 1982-02-04 1983-02-04 Dampferzeuger mit U-Rohrbündel und Überhitzer Expired EP0086695B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8201784A FR2520847A1 (fr) 1982-02-04 1982-02-04 Generateur de vapeur a faisceau de tubes en u et a surchauffe
FR8201784 1982-02-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0086695A1 EP0086695A1 (de) 1983-08-24
EP0086695B1 true EP0086695B1 (de) 1984-11-28

Family

ID=9270664

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83400235A Expired EP0086695B1 (de) 1982-02-04 1983-02-04 Dampferzeuger mit U-Rohrbündel und Überhitzer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4498426A (de)
EP (1) EP0086695B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58175703A (de)
CA (1) CA1208994A (de)
DE (1) DE3360013D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2520847A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4704994A (en) * 1986-04-16 1987-11-10 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Flow boosting and sludge managing system for steam generator tube sheet
JP2952102B2 (ja) * 1991-04-05 1999-09-20 ウエスチングハウス・エレクトリック・コーポレイション 熱交換器
US5213065A (en) * 1991-08-23 1993-05-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Steam generator feedwater distribution system
CN113970093B (zh) * 2021-10-15 2024-03-26 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种多级u型管卧式高温气冷堆蒸汽发生器

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE791459A (fr) * 1971-11-17 1973-03-16 Siemens Ag Generateur de vapeur avec agencement pour reduire la vapeur contenue dans l'eau de circulation
US3896770A (en) * 1972-07-24 1975-07-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Steam generator with split flow preheater
US3807365A (en) * 1972-07-24 1974-04-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp U-tube steam generator with segment superheater
AT336044B (de) * 1972-12-22 1977-04-12 Siemens Ag Dampferzeuger
US3916843A (en) * 1974-01-15 1975-11-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Buffer zone for counterflow preheater
DE2735064C3 (de) * 1977-08-01 1980-02-07 Borsig Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Rohrbundel-Warmeaustauscher mit einer Dampftrommel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1208994A (fr) 1986-08-05
FR2520847B1 (de) 1984-02-24
DE3360013D1 (en) 1985-01-10
US4498426A (en) 1985-02-12
EP0086695A1 (de) 1983-08-24
JPS58175703A (ja) 1983-10-15
FR2520847A1 (fr) 1983-08-05

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