EP0084535A1 - Coal-water dispersion. - Google Patents
Coal-water dispersion.Info
- Publication number
- EP0084535A1 EP0084535A1 EP82901174A EP82901174A EP0084535A1 EP 0084535 A1 EP0084535 A1 EP 0084535A1 EP 82901174 A EP82901174 A EP 82901174A EP 82901174 A EP82901174 A EP 82901174A EP 0084535 A1 EP0084535 A1 EP 0084535A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dispersion
- coal
- polymers
- substance
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
- C10L1/326—Coal-water suspensions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coal-water dispersion which is ve ry stable in storage and is suitable for transport and energy production. More particularly the invention relates to a dispersion comprising water, pulverized coal and additives, the coal content ranging from 60 to 80 % by weight.
- a dispersion of coal is considerably less polluting- and can be more easily handled than solid coal and also eliminates some risks involved in transport and storage. Such a dispersion is also preferred from an economical point of view.
- Physical conversion is another method of transforming the coal into liquid form, and the invention relates to this method. It is practised by dispersing the coal in a liquid which may consist of some organic fuel such as heating oil, methanol, etc, or of water.
- a liquid which may consist of some organic fuel such as heating oil, methanol, etc, or of water.
- the problem of water dispersions of pulverized coal mainly is to make the dispersion stable at low viscosity.
- the coal particles must not sediment during storage or transport of the coal dispersion.
- the coal dispersion shall have a high pumpability and shall have rheological properties so as to be suitable for burning by conventional technique probably modified to a minor degree.
- the dispersion has rheological properties which allow the dispersion to be pumped and transported through pipelines at a greatly reduced friction, and above all has a considerably improved stability against flocculation as well as sedimentation,
- the force is of a general character and does not vary with the length of the alkyl chain or with the physical condition of the chains (l i q ui d or solid) and is present also when a quantity charged surface-active substance is included into the system. Hydration forces have been proved also by directly measuring the forces between surfaces mutually spaced some Angstrom. A theoretical model for hydration forces has recently been developed, and then it has been possible to relate these forces to the presence of so-called mirror charges over interfaces where the effective dielectric constant is being changed Such mirror charges with zw i tte ri on i c groups should be common in micro- and macro-heterogeneous systems. They are utilized according to this invention in order to impart desired properties to a suspension of a low dielectric substance. Then, a zwitterionic surface -active substance such as lecithin can be adsorbed onto the surfaces of the solid particles. Strong repulsion forces between the particles then exist at short distances. The principle therefore will be particularly useful for concentrated dispersions.
- a non-mieelle-forming zwitterionic surfactant such as lecithin or alkylbetain which is thus relatively difficult to dissolve in water, is first dissolved in an organic solvent.
- the solvent can consist of for example octanol, hexadecane or methanol and can be recovered in a suitable manner or can comprise an insignificant portion by weight of the dispersion.
- the surfactant preparation is added to a dispersion of pulverized coal and water. Suitable fractions of the coal powder range from 1 to 200 ⁇ m (preferably
- the particle size and the size distribution can be chosen according to the desired stability. The smaller particle size, the greater stability but it is expensive to grind coal down to submicron particle sizes.
- the particle concentration can be varied within a broad range. Considering economical and technical aspects the particle concentration should be optimized from one case to the other. Coal-water dispersions with a dry substance content between 65 and 75 % by weight are of particular interest because these dispersions have good rheological properties for example for transport in pipelines. In order to obtain the highest coal contents (70 - 80 % by weight) the size distribution must be particularly taken into account. In the normal case this can be done on the basis of simple geometrical considerations as to the minimization of the free volume when packing particles of different sizes.
- hydrophilic anionic and non-ionic polymers are added to the dispersion in order to provide some form of a steric barrier and in order to reduce the friction between the particles.
- polyethers, polysaccharides, polyalcohols and polyacrylates Particularly suitable according to the invention are polyethyleneoxi de, copolymers of the polyethyl eneoxide-polypropyleneoxide type, carboxymethyl cell ulose, and xanthan gum.
- concentration of polymers in percent by weight based on the total weight can be varied between 0.1 and 5 % but is economically optimal at about 0.5 %.
- the salt is calcium hydroxide or dolomite powder.
- the salt neutralizes acid gas components generated at the oxidation of the fuel and can be recovered in a particle percipi tator.
- an agent can be added to the dispersion which forms a monomol ecu! ar layer in the interface.
- an agent is cetyl alcohol or hexadecanol .
- the invention provides substantial advantages over the prior art technique of stabilizing coal particles in a water solution. Due to an excellent sedimentation stability combined with favourable rheological properties for pumping, the dispersion obtained is well suited for transporting coal in an appropriate manner in conduits or pipelines for use for example in the chemical industry or for direct energy production. Combustion tests in boilers designed for heavy oil have shown that the dispersion is very suitable to replace oil completely or partly.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT82901174T ATE25398T1 (en) | 1981-08-03 | 1982-04-05 | COAL-WATER DISPERSION. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8104645 | 1981-08-03 | ||
SE8104645A SE436136B (en) | 1981-08-03 | 1981-08-03 | COOL-WATER DISPERSION WITH ADDITIVE COMPOSITION OF SWITZERIONIC TENSID AND CONNECTING HYDROPHILIC POLYMERS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0084535A1 true EP0084535A1 (en) | 1983-08-03 |
EP0084535B1 EP0084535B1 (en) | 1987-02-04 |
Family
ID=20344323
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82901174A Expired EP0084535B1 (en) | 1981-08-03 | 1982-04-05 | Coal-water dispersion |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0084535B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE25398T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU557810B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8207824A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3275385D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK152374C (en) |
FI (1) | FI75861C (en) |
NO (1) | NO160587C (en) |
SE (1) | SE436136B (en) |
SU (1) | SU1303032A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1983000500A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1983003617A1 (en) * | 1982-04-05 | 1983-10-27 | Stigsson, Lars, Lennart | Coal-water dispersion and method of the manufacture thereof |
SE8202879L (en) * | 1982-05-07 | 1983-11-08 | Carbogel Ab | WATER SLUSHING OF A SOLID FUEL AND KITCHEN AND MEANS OF PREPARING THEREOF |
SE8202878L (en) * | 1982-05-07 | 1983-11-08 | Carbogel Ab | PUMPABLE WATER SLOPE OF A SOLID FUEL AND WAY TO PREPARE |
US4472170A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-09-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Coal-water slurry compositions |
SE450690B (en) * | 1983-03-18 | 1987-07-20 | Bergvik Kemi Ab | DISPERSIBLE FOR SOLID PARTICLES IN THE WATER AND APPLICATION OF THE DISPERSIBLE FOR DISPERSING COPPER PARTICLES |
US4713086A (en) * | 1984-03-02 | 1987-12-15 | Amax Inc. | Oil-compatible coal/water mixtures |
US4592760A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-06-03 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Coal slurry |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE417327B (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1981-03-09 | Scaniainventor Ab | FLAMMABLE MEDIUM CONSISTING OF PULVERIZED COAL, WATER AND AS A DISPERSIBLE POLYACRYLATE OR POLYPHOSPHATE AND PROCEDURES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF IT |
JPS5643394A (en) * | 1979-09-14 | 1981-04-22 | Lion Corp | Dispersant for mixed fuel |
JPS5657887A (en) * | 1979-10-17 | 1981-05-20 | Lion Corp | Dispersing agent for mixed fuel |
JPS5657888A (en) * | 1979-10-17 | 1981-05-20 | Lion Corp | Dispersing agent for mixed fuel |
-
1981
- 1981-08-03 SE SE8104645A patent/SE436136B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-04-05 AT AT82901174T patent/ATE25398T1/en active
- 1982-04-05 EP EP82901174A patent/EP0084535B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-05 AU AU83335/82A patent/AU557810B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-04-05 BR BR8207824A patent/BR8207824A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-04-05 DE DE8282901174T patent/DE3275385D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-05 WO PCT/SE1982/000107 patent/WO1983000500A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1983
- 1983-03-28 NO NO83831118A patent/NO160587C/en unknown
- 1983-03-30 FI FI831100A patent/FI75861C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-03-30 DK DK146683A patent/DK152374C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-04-01 SU SU833580949A patent/SU1303032A3/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8300500A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI831100A0 (en) | 1983-03-30 |
WO1983000500A1 (en) | 1983-02-17 |
BR8207824A (en) | 1983-09-06 |
SE436136B (en) | 1984-11-12 |
ATE25398T1 (en) | 1987-02-15 |
SE8104645L (en) | 1983-02-04 |
SU1303032A3 (en) | 1987-04-07 |
DK152374C (en) | 1988-08-01 |
DK146683A (en) | 1983-03-30 |
NO160587C (en) | 1989-05-03 |
DE3275385D1 (en) | 1987-03-12 |
AU557810B2 (en) | 1987-01-08 |
NO160587B (en) | 1989-01-23 |
FI75861C (en) | 1988-08-08 |
AU8333582A (en) | 1983-02-22 |
FI75861B (en) | 1988-04-29 |
EP0084535B1 (en) | 1987-02-04 |
DK152374B (en) | 1988-02-22 |
NO831118L (en) | 1983-03-28 |
DK146683D0 (en) | 1983-03-30 |
FI831100L (en) | 1983-03-30 |
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