EP0082741B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum magnetographischen Kopieren - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum magnetographischen Kopieren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0082741B1
EP0082741B1 EP82400424A EP82400424A EP0082741B1 EP 0082741 B1 EP0082741 B1 EP 0082741B1 EP 82400424 A EP82400424 A EP 82400424A EP 82400424 A EP82400424 A EP 82400424A EP 0082741 B1 EP0082741 B1 EP 0082741B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
developer
dots
magnetised
magnetic
magnetized
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EP82400424A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0082741A2 (de
EP0082741A3 (en
Inventor
Jean Magnenet
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Bull SA
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Bull SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G19/00—Processes using magnetic patterns; Apparatus therefor, i.e. magnetography

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a magnetographic printing method which makes it possible to obtain color images on a printing medium. It also relates to a machine for implementing this method.
  • Magnetic printing machines which, in response to signals received from a control unit, make it possible to form images, such as character images for example, on a printing medium generally consisting of a strip or a sheet of paper.
  • a printing medium generally consisting of a strip or a sheet of paper.
  • the printing of the images is carried out by first forming, from the received signals, a latent magnetic image on the surface of a magnetic recording element generally having the shape of a rotating drum or an endless belt, this latent image being made up of a set of magnetized zones of very small dimensions.
  • This latent image is then developed by depositing on this surface a powdery developer containing magnetic particles which remain only applied to the magnetized areas of the recording element to form a powder image on the surface of this element. After which, this powder image is transferred to the print medium.
  • the image which is thus formed on the printing medium may appear in several different colors.
  • the printing of a color image on the printing medium is carried out by first forming on the recording element an image latent magnetic corresponding to the parts of the same color of the image to be printed, by developing this latent image by means of a developer having this color, by transferring the powder image thus obtained onto the printing medium, and by repeating this operation as many times as there are colors in the image to be printed.
  • a method has the drawback of requiring a particularly long time for its implementation.
  • a magnetographic printing method which has been described in US Patent No. 3,965,478 and which consists in forming on the surface of the recording element a plurality of elementary magnetized areas, all of these elementary areas constituting a latent magnetic image, each of these elementary areas being obtained by exciting a magnetic recording head by means of an electric current whose frequency is chosen as a function of the color which this elementary area must give when it is developed, the dimensions and the magnetic attraction force of this elementary area being moreover determined by the value of the frequency used.
  • the development of the latent image formed on the recording element is carried out by means of a single developer containing particles of different colors and of different sizes, the particles of the same size being however all of a same colour.
  • the particles which have a determined size (and consequently a given color) are preferentially attracted by the elementary areas whose dimensions correspond to a given force of attraction so that, after development, each elementary area is covered with particles whose color corresponds to the frequency that was used to form this elementary area.
  • the present invention remedies these drawbacks and proposes a magnetographic printing method, as well as a machine using this method, which makes it possible to obtain on a printing medium, in a relatively short time, high-quality color images. while requiring only developers having the same particle size and the same magnetic characteristics.
  • FIG. 1A shows, in enlarged section, a recording element 10, of known type, which can be used for implementing the method of the invention.
  • this magnetic recording element is of a type analogous to that which has been described and represented in French patent No. 2,402,921 and that it comprises a support 11 formed of a material having a high magnetic permeability, such as iron or mild steel, this support being coated with a layer of magnetic material with high coercivity such as, for example, the nickel-cobalt magnetic alloy.
  • this recording element 10 is magnetized transversely by means of one or more recording heads 13 of the cell type which has been represented in FIG. 3 Referring to FIG.
  • this recording head 13 comprises a magnetic core 14 on which is wound a winding E connected to an electrical excitation circuit which will be described a little later.
  • This magnetic core 14 has substantially the shape of a U and it is profiled so as to present at its ends a recording pole 15 and a flux closure pole 16. These two poles are arranged as shown in FIG. 3, near the surface of the magnetic layer 12, so that the magnetic core 14, the support 11 and the two regions 100 and 101 which are included between this core and this support and which are located respectively below the poles 15 and 16 form a closed magnetic circuit. It should be noted here, although in the case illustrated in FIG. 3, the poles 15 and 16 are located near the surface of the magnetic layer 12, another arrangement could be adopted in which these two poles are placed in contact with this surface.
  • FIG. 3 also shows that the width d of the recording pole 15 is very small compared to that D of the flux closing pole 16. Under these conditions, if an electric current of intensity I is sent to the winding E , this current creates, inside the magnetic core 14, a magnetic flux whose line of average force is represented by the line in dashed lines 17. In the portion of the magnetic layer 12 which is located in the region 100 of the pole recording 15, the magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of this layer 12, so that, in this portion, the magnetization of the magnetic layer 12 is effected transversely.
  • the magnetic field created by the head 13 is greater than the saturation field of the magnetic layer 12 and therefore causes, in this portion, the appearance of a practically punctual magnetized area usually called magnetized point, this magnetized area remaining even when the winding E then ceases to be traversed by a current.
  • the portion of the magnetic layer 12 which is located in the region 101 of the flux closure pole 16 because the width of this pole is much greater than that of the recording pole 15, the value of the field magnetic field created by the head 13, is much lower than that of the saturation field of the magnetic layer 12, so that this flux closure pole 16 can neither cause the formation of a magnetized zone in the layer 12, nor a modification of the magnetized zones already formed in this layer.
  • the magnetic layer 12 can be magnetized so that the magnetized zones thus formed constitute a latent magnetic image having a determined configuration, for example the configuration of a character.
  • FIG. 5 shows two sets of magnetized zones in each of which the magnetized zones A are arranged in a rectangular matrix comprising seven rows and five columns. In the first of these two together, the magnetized zones are distributed inside the rectangular matrix so as to constitute the image of the character "U”. In the second set, the magnetized zones are distributed, inside the rectangular matrix, so as to constitute the image of the character "H”.
  • FIG. 5 shows two sets of magnetized zones in each of which the magnetized zones A are arranged in a rectangular matrix comprising seven rows and five columns. In the first of these two together, the magnetized zones are distributed inside the rectangular matrix so as to constitute the image of the character "U". In the second set, the magnetized zones are distributed, inside the rectangular matrix, so as to constitute the image of the character "H”.
  • the magnetized zones of these two sets are in the form of rectangles all having the same longitudinal dimension M, but that the size (that is to say the transverse dimension L 1 , of the magnetized zones of the first set is greater than that L 2 of the magnetized zones of the second set.
  • the size of the magnetized zones is such that it is less than the spacing pitch P of the rows and columns of the rectangular matrix. the magnetizations presented by two neighboring magnetized zones have practically no influence on each other.
  • the latent magnetic image which has thus been formed on the surface of the recording element is then developed by depositing on the surface of the magnetic layer 12 a powdery developer comprising finely particles. divided, each formed of an organic thermoplastic resin in which a pigment and magnetic particles have been incorporated.
  • the surface of the magnetic layer 12 is subjected to a retouching operation which makes it possible to remove the developer particles which are in excess on this surface, so that, at the end of this operation, only the magnetized areas of this layer remains covered with a developer film thus forming on the surface of layer 12 a powder image whose configuration corresponds to that of the magnetized zones.
  • This powder image is then transferred to a printing medium generally consisting of a strip of paper.
  • the recording element 10 is magnetized so as to form on its surface magnetized zones whose magnetizations are all oriented in the same direction but have different values.
  • FIG. 1A only three of these zones, referenced respectively A1, A2 and A3 have been shown for reasons of simplification, but it is understood that the number of these magnetized zones can be absolutely arbitrary.
  • these three areas A1, A2 and A3 do not all have the same size, that is to say the same dimension, the size L 2 of the magnetized area A2 being, in the example illustrated by FIG. 1A, greater than the size L, of the magnetized zone A1, but less than the size L 3 of the magnetized zone A3.
  • FIG. 1A where the north (N) and South (S) magnetic polarities have also been represented, as well as the magnetizations J 1 , J 2 , J 3 of these magnetized zones, that these three zones A1 , A2 and A3 have magnetizations which are all oriented in the same direction, but which have different values, each of the magnetizations of these zones being in fact represented by an arrow whose length is proportional to the value of this magnetization.
  • the magnetized zones of the recording element are intended to form, on the printing medium, images comprising p different colors
  • the sizes of these magnetized zones are established, d 'a way which will be indicated later, to be equal to one of p values of different sizes L "L 2 , L 3 ...., Lp each of these p values corresponding to one respective of the p colors of
  • the magnetized zones which are intended to form on the support of images or parts of image having the same color are all of the same size and have the same intensity of magnetization.
  • the magnetized zones A1, A2, and A3 which have been shown in Fig. 1A and which have different sizes are intended to form on the printing paper three punctual spots of different colors.
  • magnetized A1 is intended to form a ta che spot red
  • the magnetized area A2 is intended to form a spot spot black
  • the magnetized area A3 is intended to form a spot spot yellow.
  • the size L 2 of the magnetized zone A2 is substantially equal to 1.6, L "L, being the size of the zone A1 and that the size L 3 of the magnetized zone A3 is substantially equal to 2L 1.
  • the recording element 10 having been magnetized in the manner just indicated, a first powdery developer is then deposited on the surface of this element, the color of which is one of the p colors previously chosen. In the example described, it will be considered that this first powdery developer is red in color.
  • This first developer which is brought into contact with the entire surface of the recording element 10, is however only attracted by the magnetized zones of this element, so that, if one arranges to leave this developer remaining that on these magnetized areas, for example by arranging the recording element so that, at the time of the application of developer on this element, each particle of developer is subjected, on the one hand to the action of force of magnetic attraction exerted by the magnetized areas, on the other hand to the action of a gravity force oriented in opposite direction to this magnetic attraction force, each of these magnetized areas is then coated, as shown in the FIG. 1B, of a layer 18 of first developer, the thickness of this layer being all the more important as the magnetic attraction force exerted by the magnetized zone on which this layer is deposited is higher.
  • the force with which each of the developer particles which have been deposited on the same magnetized zone is attracted depends not only on the value of the magnetization J of this zone and on the distance h which separates each particle. of this zone, but also of the geometrical dimensions of this zone, as well as of the physical characteristics of this developer, such as the granulometric state and the percentage in magnetic particles of this developer.
  • the curve in dashed lines 71 represents the variations, as a function of h, of the magnetic force exerted by an area magnetized small, such as zone A1
  • the curve in solid lines 72 represents the variations, as a function of h, of the magnetic force exerted by a magnetized zone of medium size, such as zone A2
  • the curve in lines 73 represents the variations, as a function of h, of the magnetic force exerted by a large magnetized area, such as the area A3.
  • FIG. 6 shows only the three curves corresponding to the three sizes L "L 2 and L 3 of the zones which are intended to form, on the printing medium, an image comprising, in the example described, three different colors.
  • FIG. 6 also shows the value F G of the force of gravity mentioned above, this force being exerted on each particle of developer during the application of this developer on the surface of the element d 'recording.
  • this particular value for each magnetized area a particular value of the distance h for which this force of gravity F G is equal to the magnetic attraction force exerted by this magnetized area, this particular value thus determining the thickness of the developer layer remaining on this area.
  • this particular value for each of the magnetized zones A1, A2 and A3 is substantially the same because, for large values of h, the three curves 71, 72 and 73 which are represented in Figure 6 are very similar.
  • this particular value, indicated by e o is close to 100 ⁇ m, this value thus being that of the layer of first developer deposited on each of the magnetized zones A1, A2 and A3.
  • the recording element 10 is then subjected to a retouching operation intended, not only to remove the residual particles of first developer remaining in outside the magnetized zones of the recording element 10, but also to remove all the particles of first developer on the magnetized zones whose size is greater than the smallest of the sizes of the magnetized zones, these magnetized zones being, in the example described, the zones A2 and A3 whose respective sizes L 2 and L 3 are each greater than the size L, of the zone A1.
  • each developer particle remaining on the surface of the recording element 10 is subjected to a constant force of value F 1 , acting against the magnetic force F m which keeps each particle applied to the magnetized area on which it has been deposited.
  • F 1 the value of value
  • F m the value of value
  • the value F, of this force has been represented, this value being chosen so that the straight line of ordinate F, intersects only the curve representing the variations as a function of the distance h of the force magnetic exerted by the magnetized zones having the smallest size, this curve being, in the example described, the curve 71.
  • the developer depositing and retouching operations which have just been described are then repeated with a second powdery developer, the color of which is one of the p colors chosen, but other than that of the first developer.
  • this second powdery developer is black in color.
  • the deposition of this second developer is carried out under the same conditions as those which have been described for the deposition of the first developer, so that, when this deposition is completed, each of the magnetized zones of the recording element 10 is coated, as shown in FIG. 1D, of a layer 19 of second developer. On the magnetized areas of smaller size, such as the area A1, this layer 19 is thus superimposed on the layer 18 of the first developer.
  • the recording element 10 is subjected to a second retouching operation, similar to that described above, but whose strength, of constant value F 2 , is less than the strength of the first retouching operation.
  • the value F 2 of this force has been represented, this value being chosen so that the line of ordinate F 2 intersects at points 1 2 and 1 ′ 2 only the two curves 71 and 72 which represent, respectively, one the variations, as a function of the distance h, of the magnetic force exerted by the magnetized zones of smaller size (that is to say of size L,), the other the variations , as a function of h, of the magnetic force exerted by the magnetized zones whose size has, in the series of successive size values L 1 , L 2 L 3 , ..., Lp, the value L 2 .
  • this retouching force is intended only on the one hand to limit the thickness of the third developer layers which have thus been deposited, on the other hand to remove the developer particles which remain outside the magnetized zones of the recording element 10, and no longer as retouching forces previous, to remove all of the particles that are on some of these magnetized areas. Consequently, the value F 3 of this retouching force can be relatively low, while still remaining sufficient to remove the particles remaining outside the magnetized zones. This is why, this last retouching operation; unlike the previous retouching operations, is not a particle removal operation on some of the magnetized areas of the recording element and that it is therefore not, strictly speaking, part of the process of the present invention.
  • the powdery developers which are used in the process of the invention have practically the same physical properties, in particular the same particle size state, the same coercive field, the same density and the same melting point, so that the magnetic force F M that each of the magnetized zones exerts on each of the particles whatever they are, located at the same distance h, varies only as a function of the value of the size of this zone.
  • a strip of paper 21 intended to be printed is in the immediate vicinity of this recording element 10 is in contact with this recording element 10 and the transfer is then made, onto this strip of paper, of the layers of developer which are located on the magnetized zones of this element 10.
  • This transfer can be 'elsewhere be performed, in known manner, either by applying pressure, or by magnetic or electrostatic means. However, the conditions of this transfer are established in such a way that all of the developer layers are transferred almost entirely onto the paper strip 21.
  • the layer 20 of third developer which was on zone A3 is transferred to the strip of paper 21 where it then forms a heap which, made up of this third developer, has a yellow color.
  • the layers 19 and 20, of the second and third developer, which were superimposed on the area A2 are found on the paper by forming a pile 22 in which the layer 19 of the second developer then covers the layer 20 of the third developer.
  • the layers 18, 19 and 20 of the first, second and third developers which were superimposed on the area A1 are found on the paper by forming a pile 23 consisting of the layer 18 of the first developer which covers the layer 19 of the second developer , which, in turn, covers layer 20 of the third developer.
  • the developer layers which have thus been transferred onto the paper strip 21 are then subjected to a fixing operation, this operation being carried out at a temperature making it possible to bring the three developers to the viscous, but non-liquid state, which prevents the various developers constituting the heaps 22 and 23 from mixing.
  • the layer 20 of the pile 22 is masked by the layer 19 which then forms on the paper a spot spot having the shade of the second developer, that is to say black in the example described.
  • the layers 19 and 20 of the pile 23 are hidden by the layer 18 which then forms on the paper a spot spot having the color of the first developer, that is to say red in the example described.
  • the single layer 20 of the third developer forms, when it is fixed to the paper, a point spot which has the yellow tint of this third developer.
  • FIG. 2 shows a magnetographic printing machine which performs color printing according to the printing method which has just been described.
  • the machine which is shown in this figure comprises a magnetic recording element in the form of a magnetic drum 10 similar to that which has been described and shown in French patent No. 2,402,921, this drum being driven in rotation, in the direction indicated by arrow R, by an electric motor 25.
  • the magnetization of the magnetic layer of this drum is ensured by a set of n magnetic heads 13-1 to 13-n arranged one beside the other and aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum.
  • These heads which are of the type which has been represented in FIG. 3 are selectively excited by electrical pulses sent by a source of pulses 26 and applied to the windings of these heads via a frequency generator assembly 27, the structure of which has been shown in detail in FIG. 4.
  • each of the respective windings E-1 to En of magnetic heads 13-1 to 13-n is connected at one of its ends, to the movable contact blade of the a respective one of n first stud switches K1 to Kn, and, at the other end, to the movable contact blade of a respective one of n second stud switches L-1 to Ln, via the a respective one of n contacts CB-1 to CB-n.
  • Each of the contacts CB-1 to CB-n is controlled by a respective one of n relay coils B-1 to Bn.
  • FIG. 4 shows that, in the example described, each of the pad switches K-1 to Kn and L-1 to Ln has three pads or input terminals designated, in the figure, by 1, 2, and 3.
  • the input terminal 1 of each of the first switches K-1 to Kn is connected to the positive terminal (+) of a first source G1 of periodic direct current of frequency f i , while the input terminal 1 of each second switches L-1 to Ln is connected to the negative (-) terminal of this source G1.
  • the input terminal 2 of each of the first switches K-1 to Kn is connected to the positive terminal (+) of a second source G2 of periodic direct current of frequency f 2 , while the input terminal 2 of each second switches L-1 to Ln is connected to the negative (-) terminal of this source G2.
  • each of the first switches K-1 to Kn is connected to the positive terminal (+) of a third source G3 of periodic direct current, of frequency f 3 while the input terminal 3 of each of the second switches L-1 to Ln is connected to the negative (-) terminal of this source G3.
  • Figure 4 shows that the movable contact blades of switches K-1 and L-1 are mechanically coupled so that they can be placed simultaneously on the same input terminal. The same applies to the movable contact blades of switches K-2 and L-2, ... Kn and Ln. As can be seen in FIG.
  • the relay coils B-1 to Bn can be excited by electrical pulses supplied on the outputs S1 to Sn of the pulse source 26, each of these coils B-1 to Bn being, for this purpose, connected to a respective one of the outputs S1 to Sn by means of a respective one of n conductors W1 to Wn.
  • the structure of the pulse source 26 will not be described here for the reason that this structure is of known type. It will be considered here that, in the example described, the structure of this source 26 is similar to that of the recording control device which has been described and represented in French patent No. 2,443,335. It will simply be recalled that, in the case where the machine which is represented in FIG.
  • the latent magnetic image necessary for printing a character is obtained by selectively exciting seven different times, five contiguous heads taken from among all of the heads magnetic 13-1 to 13-n, this excitation being carried out by means of pulses delivered, at successive instants t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , t 4 , t S , t G and t 7 , on five corresponding outputs If at Sn of the pulse source 26.
  • the pulse source 26 delivers, at time t 1 , a pulse on each of its outputs S2 to S4, at time t 2 a pulse on each of its outputs S1 to S5, at time t 3 a pulse on its output S5, at time t 4 a pulse on each of its outputs S1, S2, S3 and S5, at time t 5 a pulse on each of its outputs S1 to S5, at time t 6 a pulse on each of its outputs S1 and S5, and finally at time t 7 a pulse on each of its outputs S2 to S4.
  • the switches K-1 to K-n and L-1 to L-n are intended to determine the size of the magnetized areas on the drum 20, this size determining the color of the spot spot which will subsequently be formed on the paper by each of the magnetized areas.
  • the first switches K-1 to Kn, the second switches L-1 to Ln, the relay contacts CB-1 to CB-n and the windings E-1 to En of magnetic heads are distributed, as shown in the Figure 4, so as to constitute n portions of circuits C-1, C-2, ..., Cn each associated with a respective one of the n heads 13-1 to 13-n, each of these portions comprising, in series , one for the first switches K-1 to Kn, one for the windings E-1 to En, one for the relay contacts CB-1 to CB-n and one for the second switches L -1 to Ln.
  • this pulse causes, when arriving on the coil Bn, the momentary excitation of this coil.
  • the coil Bn then closes its contact CB-n for a short time, so that a periodic direct current of frequency f 3 flows momentarily in the closed circuit constituted by the generator G3, the switch Kn in position 3, the winding At the head 13-n, the closed contact CB-n and the switch Ln in position 3.
  • this magnetic head 13-n forms on the surface of the drum 10, a magnetized zone which, having a size L 3 relatively small, is practically punctual, this zone having a magnetization J which remains after the disappearance of the periodic current of frequency f 3 in the winding En.
  • the sources of currents G1, G2 and G3 are established to deliver periodic direct currents of the same intensity I, but of respective frequencies f 1 , f 2 and f 3 such that, during all the time when the contact of relay CB which is associated with each of the heads is closed, these frequency currents f i , f 2 and f3 are capable of forming on the surface of the drum 10 magnetized zones whose size is equal to L 1 , L 2 respectively and L 3 , the size L 2 being greater than the size L 1 , but less than the size L 3 .
  • the positioning of the switches K-1 to Kn and L-1 to Ln can moreover, be performed either manually by the operator before any printing operation, or entirely automatically by actuation means, of known type, excited by the same control unit as that which controls the operation of the pulse source 26. It is even possible, depending on the case and application, to place some of the switches K-1 to Kn and L-1 to Ln in a determined position, for example in position 2, while other switches are placed in another position. This arrangement allows, when printing a line of characters for example, to obtain characters printed in one color, while the other characters of this line are printed in another color.
  • the frequency generator assembly 27 which has been represented in FIG. 2 is constituted, in the example described, by the assembly comprising the relay coils B-1 to Bn and their contacts CB -1 to CB-n, the switches K-1 to Kn and L-1 to Ln and the current sources G1 to G3, all these elements being connected together as illustrated in FIG. 4. It should however be noted that , although the frequency generator assembly which is represented in FIG. 2 is constituted, in the example described, by the assembly comprising the relay coils B-1 to Bn and their contacts CB -1 to CB-n, the switches K-1 to Kn and L-1 to Ln and the current sources G1 to G3, all these elements being connected together as illustrated in FIG. 4. It should however be noted that , although the frequency generator assembly which is represented in FIG.
  • this generator assembly when used in a machine intended for printing of images in p colors, includes p current sources G1, G2, ..., Gp, of respective frequencies f 1 , f 2 , ..., f P and switches K-1 to Kn and L-1 to Ln each comprising p positions.
  • the frequencies f i , f 2 , ..., fp of the respective current sources G i , G 2 , ..., Gp are adjusted so as to form magnetized zones of respective sizes L 1 , L 2 , ..., Lp as we have; L 1 ⁇ L 2 ⁇ ... ⁇ Lp.
  • the printing machine produced according to the invention also comprises a first applicator device 40, of known type, which makes it possible to apply to the surface of the drum 10 particles of a first powdery developer contained in a reservoir 49.
  • this first developer is red in color.
  • This first applicator device 40 is established for depositing on each of the magnetized zones of the drum 10 a layer of first developer, the thickness of which is substantially equal to 100 ⁇ m. It will be considered that this applicator device 40 is preferably, of the type of those which have been described and represented in French patents No.
  • this device comprising, on the one hand, a rotating magnetic element which brings the particles of developer from reservoir 49 to the vicinity of the surface of the drum, on the other hand a deflector interposed between this element and the drum to constitute a trough in which the particles collected by the deflector accumulate, this deflector leaving between it and the drum has a very small opening, of the order of 1 millimeter, through which the particles which have come to bear against the surface of this drum pass.
  • the magnetized zones of the drum 10 which have thus been coated with a layer of first developer then pass in front of a first retouching device 41 intended to remove particles of sizes L 2 and L 3 .
  • This retouching device can be of the magnetic, electrostatic or pneumatic type.
  • this retouching device 41 is of the type which has been described and shown in French patent No. 2,141,435 and that it is adjusted so as to leave no residue on the areas of size L "than a layer of first developer having a thickness close to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the magnetized zones of the drum 10 which have passed past the retouching device 41 then pass before a second applicator device 42, of a type similar to that of the first applicator device, this second applicator device making it possible to deposit on the drum 10 particles of a second powdery developer which, being black in color, in the example described, is contained in a reservoir 50.
  • This second applicator device 42 is established for deposit a layer of second developer, on the one hand on each of the magnetized areas of sizes L 2 and L 3 , the thickness of this layer being substantially equal to 100 ⁇ m, on the other hand on each of the layers are already deposited from the first developer, the total thickness of the layers thus superimposed of two developers on the areas of size L, being substantially equal to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the magnetized zones of the drum 10 pass in front of a second retouching device 42, similar to the first retouching device 41 and disposed downstream of the second applicator device 42 relative to the direction of travel of the drum.
  • This second retouching device 43 which is intended to remove particles from the second developer which have been deposited on the magnetized zones of size L 3, is set so as to leave on the waist regions L 2, a layer of second developer having a thickness in the region of 25 ⁇ m and, on the L size zones, a composite layer comprising two superposed layers of first and second developer, the thickness of this composite layer being substantially equal to 40 ⁇ m.
  • the magnetized zones of the drum 10 which have passed past the second retouching device 43 then pass in front of a third applicator device 44 which, being of a type analogous to the preceding ones, makes it possible to deposit on the drum 10, particles of a third powdery developer, yellow in color, contained in a tank 51.
  • This third applicator device 44 is established for depositing a layer of third developer on each of the zones of size L 3 , the thickness of this layer being substantially equal to 100 ⁇ m, as well as on each of the layers of second developer already deposited on each of the areas of size L, and L 2 , the total thickness of the three layers thus superimposed on the areas of size L, being close of 100 ⁇ m, while the total thickness of two layers thus superimposed on the areas of size L 2 is close to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the magnetized areas of the drum which have been thus coated then pass in front of a third retouching device 52 which is intended essentially to remove the developer particles which remain on the drum outside the magnetized areas and to limit the thicknesses of the developer layers deposited on magnetized areas.
  • this third retouching device 52 is adjusted so that the areas of size L 3 which have passed in front of this device 52 appear coated with a layer of third developer whose thickness is close to 40 ⁇ m, while the areas of size L 2 which have passed in front of this device 52 appear coated with a composite layer comprising two superposed layers of second and third developer, the thickness of this composite layer being substantially equal to 50 ⁇ m. Finally, the areas of size L, which have passed in front of this device 52 appear coated with a composite layer comprising three superposed layers of three developers, the thickness of this composite layer being substantially equal to 57 ⁇ m.
  • the magnetized zones of the drum 10 which have undergone all these deposition and retouching operations are then brought into contact with a strip of paper 21 which is applied to the drum 10, as shown in FIG. 2, under the action exerted by a pressure roller 45.
  • the force with which the strip 21 is applied against the drum 10 by the pressure roller 45 can be adjusted by known means (not shown) so as to cause a quasi-total transfer of all the layers of developer which remain on the drum 10 after passing in front of the retouching device 52.
  • the value F T of this force is, as shown in FIG.
  • the machine which has been shown in FIG. 2 also includes a developer fixing device 46 under which the paper strip 21 passes when the transfer operation which has just been described has been carried out.
  • This fixing device 46 which is constituted, in the example described, by an electrically heated element, is intended to permanently fix the developers which have been transferred to the paper strip 21. It should be noted here that this fixing device 46 is adjusted so that these developers undergo practically no fusion, but only a sufficient softening to ensure their fixation on the paper; Under these conditions, no mixing of colors is likely to occur in the heaps of developers which, such as 22 and 23, comprise several layers of developers of different shades. Thus, each of the heaps of developers such as 22 forms, when cooled on the paper, a punctual task having the shade of the second developer.
  • each of the heaps which have only a single layer of third developer forms, when cooled on the paper, a punctual spot having the color of this third developer.
  • the machine shown in Figure 2 further comprises a cleaning device which, consisting of a brush 47 in the example described, ensures the cleaning of the parts of the surface of the drum which have passed in front of the transfer station. After this cleaning, these parts pass in front of an erasing device 48, of the electromagnetic type, which erases the latent magnetic images carried by these parts, so that these parts are again capable of being magnetized when they arise. then in front of all the magnetic heads 13-1 to 13-n.
  • a cleaning device consisting of a brush 47 in the example described, ensures the cleaning of the parts of the surface of the drum which have passed in front of the transfer station. After this cleaning, these parts pass in front of an erasing device 48, of the electromagnetic type, which erases the latent magnetic images carried by these parts, so that these parts are again capable of being magnetized when they arise. then in front of all the magnetic heads 13-1 to 13-n.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Printers Or Recording Devices Using Electromagnetic And Radiation Means (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Magnetographisches Druckverfahren, welches darin besteht, die Oberfläche eines magnetischen Aufzeichnungselementes senkrecht zu dieser Oberfläche derart zu magnetisieren, daß eine Menge von magnetisierten Punkten gebildet wird, die an latentes magnetisches Bild darstellen, anschließend auf dieser Oberfläche einen pulverförmigen Entwickler aufzubringen, welcher derart ausgebildet ist, daß er nur an den magnetisierten Punkten der genannten Oberfläche anhaftet und so ein Pulverbild erzeugt, und schließlich dieses Pulverbild auf einen Druckträger übertragen wird, wobei das Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet, ist, daß es, um auf diesem Träger ein Bild aus p zu vorgewählten Farben zu erhalten, wobei p eine ganze Zahl ist, welche wenigstens gleich 2 ist, darin besteht, daß:
-zunächst die Oberfläche des Aufzeichnungselementes magnetisiert wird, um magnetisierte Punkte gleicher magnetischer Polung, jedoch mit verschiedenen Magnetisierungsstärken zu erzeugen, wobei diese Punkt unterschiedliche Größen der Werte L" L2, L3,... LP der Art besitzen, daß Ll<L2<L3< ... <Lp, wobei jeder dieser Werte einer entsprechenden der p genannten Farben zugeordnet ist und wobei die magnetisierten Punkt zur Erzeugung der Bilder oder Teile von Bildern, die auf dem Träger in derselben Farbe erscheinen sollen, jeweils dieselbe Größe und dieselbe Magnetisierungsstärke aufweisen;
- anschließend auf dieser Oberfläche ein erste pulverförmiger Entwickler aufgebracht wird, dessen Färbung diejenige einer ersten der genannten Farben ist;
- dieser erste Entwickler von denjenigen magnetisierten Punkten entfernt wird, deren Größe L, überschreitet,
- dieser Vorgang des Aufbringens auf dieser Oberfläche nacheinander mit jedem der (p-1) weiteren pulverförmigen Entwickler wiederholt wird, die verschiedene Farben, jedock dieselben physikalischen Eigenschaften aufweisen, wobei auf jeden dieser Aufbringvorgänge, mit Ausnahme des letzten Aufbringvorganges, unmittelbar ein Vorgang der Entwicklerbeseitigung folgt, wobei die durch diese Entfernung betroffenen magnetisierten Punkte im Verlaufe des entsprechenden dieser (p-2) Beseitigungsvorgänge diejenigen sind, deren Größe L2 bzw. L3 bzw.... bzw. LP-1 überschreitet, so daß nach dem letzten Vorgang des Aufbringens jeder magnetisierte Punkt der Größe L, von p übereinanderliegenden Schichten der p Entwickler bedeckt ist, wobei jeder magnetisierte Punkt der Größe L2 von (P-1) übereinanderliegenden Schichten aus den genannten (p-1) weiteren Entwicklern bedeckt ist, usw., und wobei jeder magnetisierte Punkt der Größe Lp dann von nur einer Schicht des p-ten Entwicklers bedeckt ist;
- und schließlich eine Übertragung praktisch des Gesamtheit aller dieser Entwicklerschichten auf den Druckträger vorgenommen wird, um auf diesem ein Pulverbild zu erzeugen, welches aus einer Mehrzahl von punktförmigen Flecken zusammengesetzt ist, wobei jeder dieser Flecken aus der Übertragung der Entwicklerschichten resultiert, die jeweils auf den entsprechenden magnetisierten Punkten aufgebracht wurden, und die Farbe desjenigen Entwicklers besitzt, der unmittelbar vor dem Übertragungsvorgang sich an diesem Punkt in direkter Berührung mit der Oberfläche des Aufzeichnungselementes befand.
2. Magnetographische Druckmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, mit einem Aufzeichnungselement (10), das mit einer magnetischen Aufzeichnungsoberfläche versehen ist, einer Mehrzahl von magnetischen Köpfen (13-1 bis 13-n), die durch elektrische Impulse angesteuert werden und derart ausgebildet sind, daß sie ansprechend auf diese Impulse die genannte Aufzeichnungsoberfläche senkrecht zu dieser zur Bildung einer Menge von magnetisierten Punkten (A) magnetisieren, die ein latentes magnetisches Bild darstellen, Antriebsmitteln (24) zum Hervorrufen einer Relativbewegung zwischen dem Aufzeichnungselement (10) und den magnetischen Köpfen (13-1 bis 13-n), einer Impulsquelle (26), welche die elektrischen Impulse selektiv an die genannten Köpfe abgibt, und einer Aufbringvorrichtung (40) zum Aufbringen eines pulverförmigen Entwicklers auf der genannten Aufzeichnungsoberfläche, wobei dieser Entwickler nur an den magnetisierten Punkten dieser Oberfläche anhaftet, um eine Pulverbild zu erzeugen, une wobei die Maschine dadurch gekennzeichnet, ist, daß der genannte Entwickler Teilchen enthält, deren Färbung eine erste von p zuvor ausgewählten Farben ist, und daß sie ferner enthält:
- Frequenzgeneratormittel (27) die der Steuerung durch die Impulsquelle (26) unterliegen und derart ausgebildet sind, daß sie ansprechend auf jeden der von dieser Quelle abgegebenen Impulse selektiv die Köpfe (13-1 bis 13-n) erregen und es ermöglichen, daß jeder dieser Köpfe durch einen von p periodischen Gleichströmen gleicher Stärke erregt wird, wobei diese p Ströme jeweils voneinander verschiedene Frequenzen der Werte f1, f2, ..., fp besitzen, um auf diese Weise auf der Aufzeichnungsoberfläche ein latentes magnetisches Bild zu erzeugen, dessen magnetisierte Punkte (wie A1, A2, A3) dieselbe magnetische Polung, jedoch verschiedene Magnetisierungsstärken (J" J2, J3...) aufweisen, wobei diese Punkte verschiedene Größen der Werte L" L2... Lp aufweisen mit Ll<L2< ... <Lp, und wobei jeder dieser Werte einer der p genannten Farben zugeordnet ist und die magnetisierten Punkte, welche zur Erzeugung derjenigen Bildteile bestimmte sind, die auf dem Druckträger (21) in derselben Farbe erscheinen sollen, jeweils dieselbe Größe besitzen,
-(p-1) weitere Aufbringvorrichtungen (42, 44), die längs der Bewegungsbahn der Aufzeichnungsoberfläche verteilt sind, wobei jede dieser Aufbringvorrichtungen es ermöglicht,uauf jedem magnetisierten Punkt dieser Oberfläche eine Sicht aus jeweils einem der (p-1) weiteren pulverförmigen Entwickler aufzubringen, wobei jeder dieser (p-1) Entwickler als Färbung einer der genannten weiteren Farben aufweist, die von der ersten Farbe verschieden ist, wobei jedoch diese p Entwickler dieselben physikalischen Eigenschaften besitzen,
-(p-1) Retuschievorrichtungen (41, 43), die jeweils in Bewegungsrichtung der Oberfläche hinter der entsprechenden Aufbringvorrichtung (40, 42) angeordnet sind, mit Ausnahme der letzten (44) von ihnen, wobei die erste dieser Retuschiervorrichtungen (41) derart ausgebildet ist, daß sie den ersten Entwickler (18) von denjenigen magnetisierten Punkten (wie A2, A3) entfernt, deren Größe L1 überschreitet, und wobei die zweite Retuschiervorrichtung (43) derart ausgebildet ist, daß sie den zweiten Entwickler (19) von denjenigen magnetisierten Punkten (wie A3) entfernt, deren Größe L2 überschreitet, usw.,
- und eine Übertragungsrichtung (45) die bewegungsabwärts von der letzten Aufbringvorrichtung (44) angeordnet ist, um auf dem Druckträger (21) praktisch die Gesamtheit der verschiedenen Entwicklerschichten (18,19,20) zu übertragen, welche die magnetisierten Punkte der Oberflächen bedecken, wenn diese Punkte vor der letzten Aufbringvorrichtung vorbeigeführt worden sind.
3. Druckmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder magnetische Kopf eine Wicklung (E) besitzt, die um einen Kern (14) aufgebracht ist, und die Frequenzgeneratormittel (27) enthalten:
- n Schaltungsteile (C-1, C-2,... C-n), die jeweils einem der n magnetischen Köpfe (13-1, 13-2, ... 13-n) zugeordnet sind und jeweils enthalten:
+ einen Relaiskontakt (wie CB-1), der in Reihe mit der Wicklung (wie E-1) des zugeordneten Kopfes geschaltet ist und durch eine Spule (wie B-1) betätigt wird, welche durch die von der Impulsquelle (26) abgegebenen Impulse selektiv erregt wird,
+ einen ersten Umschalter (wie K-1), der p Eingangsanschlüsse (1, 2, 3 ... ) une einen beweglichen Kontaktanschluß besitzt, der an eines der Enden der Gruppe angeschlossen ist, die durch die Wicklung (E-1) in Reihe mit dem genannten Relaiskontakt (CB-1) gebildet ist,
+ und einen zweiten Umschalter (wie L-1), der p Eingangsanschlüsse (1, 2, 3 ...) und eine bewegliche Kontaktzunge besitzt, welche mit dem anderen Ende der Gruppe verbunden ist, die durch die Wicklung (E-1) in Reihe mit dem Relaiskontakt (CB-1) gebildet ist, wobei dieser zweiter Umschalter mit dem ersten Umschalter derart gekoppelt ist, daß die beweglichen Kontaktzungen dieser zwei Umschalter gleiche Stellungen an den Eingangsanschlüssen entsprechender Nummern einnehmen,
- une p Quellen (G1, G2, G3...) für einen periodischen Gleichstrom der Frequenz fi bzw. f2 bzw....fp, wobei die erste (G1) der genannten Stromquellen an ihrem positiven Anschluß (+) mit dem ersten (1) der Eingangsanschlüsse jedes der n ersten Umschalter (K-1 bis K-n) und an seinem negativen Anschluß (-) mit dem ersten (1) der Eingangsanschlüsse jedes der n zweiten Umschalter (L-1 bis L-n) verbunden ist, während die zweite (G2) der genannten Stromquellen an ihrem positiven Anschluß (+) mit dem zweiten (2) der Eingangsanschlüsse (+) mit dem zweiten (2) der Eingangsanschlüsse jedes der n ersten Umschalter (K-1 bis K-n) und an seinem negativen Anschluß (-) mit dem zweiten (2) der Eingangsanschlüsse jedes der n zweiten Umschalter (L-1 bis L-n) verbunden ist, usw., und wobei die Frequenzen f1, f2, ... fp dieser p Stromquellen derart ausgelegt sind, daß auf der Aufzeichnungsoberfläche, wenn die Relaiskontakte (CB-1 bis CB-n) ansprechend auf die von der Impulsquelle (26) abgegebenen Impulse selektiv geschlossen werden, magnetisierte Zonen der Größe L, bzw. L2 bzw.... Lp gebildet werden.
4. Druckmaschine nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ferner Fixiervorrichtung (46) enthält, die entlang der Bewegungsbahn des Aufzeichnungsträgers hinter der Übertragungsstation (45) angeordnet ist, wobei diese Fixiervorrichtung derart eingestellt ist, daß diejenigen auf dem Träger aufgebrachten Entwicklerteilchen, die vor der Fixiervorrichtung vorbeibewegt werden, aufgeweicht werden, jedoch nicht schmelzen.
EP82400424A 1981-12-23 1982-03-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum magnetographischen Kopieren Expired EP0082741B1 (de)

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FR8124059 1981-12-23
FR8124059A FR2518772A1 (fr) 1981-12-23 1981-12-23 Procede et machine d'impression magnetographique

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EP0082741A2 EP0082741A2 (de) 1983-06-29
EP0082741A3 EP0082741A3 (en) 1983-07-27
EP0082741B1 true EP0082741B1 (de) 1985-06-19

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JPS60158475A (ja) * 1984-01-26 1985-08-19 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd 多重画像記録方法
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US3824601A (en) * 1972-03-28 1974-07-16 Bell & Howell Co Multi-color magnetic image recording and media
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US4449131A (en) 1984-05-15
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JPS58114071A (ja) 1983-07-07
EP0082741A3 (en) 1983-07-27
FR2518772B1 (de) 1984-03-30

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