EP0079594A1 - Boiler for central heating - Google Patents

Boiler for central heating Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0079594A1
EP0079594A1 EP82110445A EP82110445A EP0079594A1 EP 0079594 A1 EP0079594 A1 EP 0079594A1 EP 82110445 A EP82110445 A EP 82110445A EP 82110445 A EP82110445 A EP 82110445A EP 0079594 A1 EP0079594 A1 EP 0079594A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
boiler
molded part
wall
ribs
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82110445A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0079594B1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Spindeler
Hans-Willi Maassen
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Calderys France SAS
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Lafarge Refractaires SA
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Priority to AT82110445T priority Critical patent/ATE17781T1/en
Publication of EP0079594A1 publication Critical patent/EP0079594A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F27D1/0009—Comprising ceramic fibre elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a boiler, with a burner and with a hot combustion chamber arranged inside the boiler, which is supported to form an annular space between the boiler wall and the combustion chamber on the inside of the boiler wall and is provided for this purpose with outwardly projecting spacer elements.
  • the combustion chamber of such a boiler is essentially uncooled from the outside due to its distance from the boiler wall, so that it can assume and maintain correspondingly high temperatures. Burning regularly leaves unburned residues of the energy source burned. If these residues can sublimate on a wall that has a much lower temperature than the temperature in the actual combustion chamber,
  • the corresponding wall would be covered relatively quickly with a layer of unburned residues, which is disadvantageous.
  • the hot combustion chamber prevents such sublimation of the residues due to its relatively high intrinsic temperature, which residues can thus burn in the course of the further combustion process.
  • combustion chamber has roughened surfaces and if the combustion chamber is a self-supporting molded part consisting of ceramic material with at least 50% fiber content.
  • the roughened surfaces have the effect that the flue gases flowing past are swirled more intensely and the heat transfer towards the boiler wall is improved accordingly.
  • the swirling is much more intense than that which occurs when the flue gases flow past a smooth metallic wall.
  • the surface is given a much rougher structure than the wall of a metallic combustion chamber simply by producing the combustion chamber from the fiber material.
  • the rougher structure caused by the fiber material has the advantageous effect that the heat radiation emanating from the flame is reflected in a much more intense distribution and the afterburning can thus be promoted accordingly.
  • the next advantage is the fact that the fiber material, due to its over metal much lower thermal conductivity on the inside of the combustion chamber can reach a higher temperature than that which would occur with a metallic combustion chamber wall.
  • the combustion chamber is also easier and faster to heat up.
  • the molded part forming the combustion chamber has a not quite as roughened surface on its side facing the mold core as on the other side.
  • the molded part is additionally provided with a coating of this fiber material. Since the molded part is self-supporting, it is sufficient to apply a relatively thin coating.
  • the molded part forming the combustion chamber is provided with grooves or at least has an undulating configuration on the inside. This will keep the inside of the focal chamber an even more structured shape, so that the reflection of the heat radiation is intensified over an even larger area.
  • the surface on the outside of the combustion chamber does not necessarily have to have this wave or groove shape; in general, however, this shape will also be transferred to the outside at least to a small extent during manufacture, especially when efforts are made to keep the wall thickness of the combustion chamber largely the same. Appropriate structuring of the outside in turn improves the swirling of the flue gas flow desired there.
  • grooves or shafts mentioned it is conceivable for the grooves or shafts mentioned to run in the circumferential direction or also in a helical shape. It is generally more advantageous for production if the grooves or shafts extend in the longitudinal direction of the molded part.
  • the molded part can furthermore have ribs which are integrally formed during manufacture and which are designed as spacer elements. These ribs will also expediently extend in the longitudinal direction of the molded part. If the wall thickness of the molded part in the area of the ribs is at least approximately equal to the wall thickness of the other molded part, there is at the same time a wave-shaped course of the combustion chamber wall on the inside, as can also be provided in other areas of the combustion chamber wall regardless of this configuration of the spacer elements.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 each relate to a heating boiler with a passage combustion chamber, while the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6 relates to a reverse combustion chamber.
  • the wall of the boiler which is only indicated schematically here, is designated by the reference number 10.
  • the combustion chambers 11, 12 and 13 shown in the three exemplary embodiments each consist of a ceramic material which contains at least 50% of ceramic fibers.
  • binders and, where appropriate, suitable additives.
  • the combustion chambers 11, 12 and 13 are each molded parts that are self-supporting and have a corresponding strength.
  • the cross section is at least approximately circular, while the diameter is selected such that an annular space 14 remains between the outside of the combustion chambers 11 to 13 on the one hand and the boiler wall 10 on the other.
  • the combustion chamber 11 has three ribs 15 which are each arranged at an angular distance of 120 ° and which, viewed in cross section, have an approximately undulating shape.
  • the material thickness remains at least approximately the same as the material thickness of the remaining part of the combustion chamber 11.
  • the ribs 15 extend in the longitudinal direction over the entire length of the combustion chamber 11.
  • the same also applies to the combustion chamber 12 of the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • four ribs 15 are formed here at an angular distance of 90 ° to one another.
  • the inside of the combustion chamber 12 can be provided with grooves 16 extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • the grooves 16 or the recesses 17, which can be distributed over the entire circumference of the combustion chamber wall, both have the purpose of creating reflecting surfaces pointing in different directions in order to reflect the heat radiation emanating from the flame in the central cross-sectional area as far as possible and this will improve afterburning.
  • the combustion chamber 12 can optionally also be provided with a coating 18 made of fiber material. It is in fact conceivable that a smoother surface structure is created on that side of the combustion chamber which bears against the mold core used in the production than on the other side of the combustion chamber. Should the surface behave through that If the contact with the mold core is not sufficiently rough, then a rougher surface structure can be produced by the coating 18.
  • the combustion chamber 13 likewise has four ribs 15. Two of these are diametrically opposed to one side, while the other two ribs 15 are formed in the lower region. It is namely conceivable that the wall 10 of a boiler has at the lowest point of a rail 19 or the like protruding somewhat inwards, so that there is no possibility of supporting a rib 15 in this area.
  • the combustion chamber 13 designed as a reversal combustion chamber is closed at one end. Its shell-shaped end face has a bulge 20 projecting forward in the axial direction. This serves as a spacer, by means of which the combustion chamber 13 can be axially supported against an adjacent structural part within the heating boiler without fully contacting its entire end face.
  • the flue gas flow is indicated by corresponding arrows.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

1. Heating boiler, with a burner and a hot combustion chamber which is arranged within the heating boiler and is supported on the inside of the boiler wall, forming an annular space between the boiler wall and the combustion chamber, and is provided for this purpose with outward-projecting spacer elements, characterised in that the combustion chamber (11, 12, 13) has roughened surfaces which consist of a ceramic material with a fibre fraction of at least 50 per cent, and that the combustion chamber (11, 12, 13) is constructed as a self-supporting moulding consisting of this material.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Heizungskessel, mit einem Brenner und mit einer innerhalb des Heizungskessels angeordneten heißen Brennkammer, die sich unter Bildung eines Ringraumes zwischen Kesselwandung und Brennkammer an der Innenseite der Kesselwandung abstützt und zu diesem Zweck mit nach außen hervorstehenden Abstandselementen versehen ist.The invention relates to a boiler, with a burner and with a hot combustion chamber arranged inside the boiler, which is supported to form an annular space between the boiler wall and the combustion chamber on the inside of the boiler wall and is provided for this purpose with outwardly projecting spacer elements.

Es ist bekannt, die Brennkammer eines derartigen Heizungskessels aus hochtemperaturbeanspruchbarem metallischem Material herzustellen. In dem im allgemeinen zylinderförmigen Brennkammermantel sind nach außen hervorstehende Noppen eingeprägt, die als Abstandselemente dienen.It is known to produce the combustion chamber of such a heating boiler from metallic material that can be subjected to high temperatures. Knobs which protrude outwards and which serve as spacer elements are embossed in the generally cylindrical combustion chamber jacket.

Die Brennkammer eines derartigen Heizungskessels ist aufgrund ihres Abstandes von der Kesselwandung auch von außen im wesentlichen ungekühlt, so daß sie entsprechend hohe Temperaturen annehmen und beibehalten kann. Bei der Verbrennung verbleiben regelmäßig unverbrannte Rückstände de$ jeweils verbrannten Energieträgers. Wenn diese Rückstände auf einer Wandung sublimieren können, die eine wesentlich geringere Temperatur hat als die im eigentlichen Verbrennungsraum herrschende Temperatur,The combustion chamber of such a boiler is essentially uncooled from the outside due to its distance from the boiler wall, so that it can assume and maintain correspondingly high temperatures. Burning regularly leaves unburned residues of the energy source burned. If these residues can sublimate on a wall that has a much lower temperature than the temperature in the actual combustion chamber,

so würde die entsprechende Wandung verhältnismäßig schnell mit einer Schicht unverbrannter Rückstände bedeckt sein, was nachteilig ist. Die heiße Brennkammer jedoch verhindert aufgrund ihrer verhältnismäßig hohen Eigentemperatur eine derartige Sublimation der Rückstände, die somit im Verlaufe des weiteren Verbrennungsvorganges nachverbrennen können.the corresponding wall would be covered relatively quickly with a layer of unburned residues, which is disadvantageous. The hot combustion chamber, however, prevents such sublimation of the residues due to its relatively high intrinsic temperature, which residues can thus burn in the course of the further combustion process.

Es kommt aber nicht nur auf eine möglichst gute Nachverbrennung und damit einen möglichst günstigen Wirkungsgrad bei der eigentlichen Verbrennung, sondern auch darauf an, daß die erhitzten Rauchgase bei ihrem Entlangströmen an der Kesselwandung möglichst stark verwirbelt werden. Je intensiver die Verwirbelung ist, desto besser ist der Wärmeübergang auf die Kesselwandung und den an der Außenseite desselben befindlichen Energieträger.However, it is not only a question of the best possible afterburning and thus the best possible efficiency in the actual combustion, but also the fact that the heated flue gases are swirled as strongly as possible as they flow along the boiler wall. The more intense the turbulence, the better the heat transfer to the boiler wall and the energy source on the outside of it.

Bei einem Heizungskessel der eingangs genannten Art besteht der Nachteil, daß die zwischen der Brennkammer und der Kesselwandung entlangströmenden Rauchgase noch verhältnismäßig wenig verwirbelt werden, so daß der Wärmeübergang entsprechend ungünstig ist. Auch gibt die metallische Wandung der Brennkammer aufgrund der verhältnismäßig guten Wärmeleitung von Metall zumindest in geringem Maße auch noch Wärme nach außen ab, das heißt in dem zwischen der Brennkammer und der Kesselwandung befindlichen Ringraum. Hierdurch entsteht eine Absenkung der Temperatur der Brennkammern. Auch wenn diese Absenkung nur verhältnismäßig gering ist, kann die notwendige Nachverbrennung von Rückständen innerhalb der Brennkammer hierdurch nachteilig beeinflußt werden.In a heating boiler of the type mentioned, there is the disadvantage that the flue gases flowing between the combustion chamber and the boiler wall are still swirled relatively little, so that the heat transfer is correspondingly unfavorable. Because of the relatively good heat conduction of metal, the metallic wall of the combustion chamber also emits heat to the outside at least to a small extent, that is to say in the annular space located between the combustion chamber and the boiler wall. This results in a lowering of the temperature of the combustion chambers. Even if this reduction is only relatively small, the necessary afterburning of residues within the combustion chamber can be adversely affected thereby.

Es war deshalb Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, bei einem Heizungskessel der eingangs genannten Art Voraussetzungen für eine günstigere Wärmegewinnung zu schaffen, und zwar sowohl in Bezug auf den Wärmeübergang in Richtung auf die Kesselwandung als auch in Bezug auf die Nachverbrennungsvorgänge innerhalb der Brennkammer.It was therefore an object of the present invention to provide the conditions for a more favorable heat recovery in a heating boiler of the type mentioned, both with regard to the heat transfer towards the boiler wall and with regard to the post-combustion processes within the combustion chamber.

Beides läßt sich erfindungsgemäß gleichzeitig erreichen, wenn die Brennkammer aufgerauhte Oberflächen hat und wenn die Brennkammer ein aus keramischem Material mit mindestens 50 % Faseranteil bestehendes, selbsttragendes Formteil ist.Both can be achieved according to the invention at the same time if the combustion chamber has roughened surfaces and if the combustion chamber is a self-supporting molded part consisting of ceramic material with at least 50% fiber content.

An der Außenseite der Brennkammer bewirken die aufgerauhten Oberflächen, daß die vorbeiströmenden Rauchgase intensiver verwirbelt und der Wärmeübergang in Richtung auf die Kesselwandung entsprechend verbessert werden. Die Verwirbelung ist wesentlich intensiver als diejenige, die beim Vorbeiströmen der Rauchgase an einer metallisch glatten Wandung entsteht. Allein durch die Herstellung der Brennkammer aus dem Fasermaterial erhält die Oberfläche eine wesentlich rauhere Struktur als die Wandung einer metallischen Brennkammer.On the outside of the combustion chamber, the roughened surfaces have the effect that the flue gases flowing past are swirled more intensely and the heat transfer towards the boiler wall is improved accordingly. The swirling is much more intense than that which occurs when the flue gases flow past a smooth metallic wall. The surface is given a much rougher structure than the wall of a metallic combustion chamber simply by producing the combustion chamber from the fiber material.

Entsprechendes gilt auch für die Innenseite der Brennkammer. Dort hat die durch das Fasermaterial bedingte rauhere Struktur die vorteilhafte Wirkung, daß die von der Flamme ausgehende Wärmestrahlung in wesentlich intensiverer Verteilung reflektiert wird und somit die Nachverbrennung entsprechend gefördert werden kann.The same applies to the inside of the combustion chamber. There, the rougher structure caused by the fiber material has the advantageous effect that the heat radiation emanating from the flame is reflected in a much more intense distribution and the afterburning can thus be promoted accordingly.

Es kommt als nächster Vorteil die Tatsache hinzu, daß das Fasermaterial aufgrund seiner gegenüber Metall wesentlich geringeren Wärmeleitfähigkeit an der Innenseite der Brennkammer eine höhere Temperatur erreichen kann als diejenige, die sich bei einer metallischen Brennkammerwand einstellen würde. In diesem Zusammenhang ergibt sich ferner eine leichtere und schnellere Aufheizbarkeit der Brennkammer.The next advantage is the fact that the fiber material, due to its over metal much lower thermal conductivity on the inside of the combustion chamber can reach a higher temperature than that which would occur with a metallic combustion chamber wall. In this context, the combustion chamber is also easier and faster to heat up.

Weitere durch die Erfindung erzielbare Vorteile ergeben sich im Rahmen der Herstellung, denn die aus Fasermaterial hergestellte Brennkammer ist wesentlich leichter als eine metallische Brennkammer. Ferner ist die Herstellung auch billiger. Darüberhinaus ist es auch günstig, daß sich die Abstandshalter bei der Herstellung anformen lassen, ohne daß hierzu ein zusätzlicher Arbeitsgang erforderlich ist.Further advantages that can be achieved by the invention result in the context of production, since the combustion chamber made of fiber material is considerably lighter than a metallic combustion chamber. It is also cheaper to manufacture. In addition, it is also advantageous that the spacers can be molded during manufacture without the need for an additional operation.

Aufgrund des bei der Herstellung von derartigen Formteilen im allgemeinen angewendeten Herstellungsverfahrens ist es denkbar, daß das die Brennkammer bildende Formteil an ihrer dem Formkern zugewandten Seite eine nicht ganz so stark aufgerauhte Oberfläche hat wie auf der jeweils anderen Seite. Um aber auch auf der erstgenannten Seite eine möglichst starke Aufrauhung der Oberfläche zu erhalten, wird erfindungsgemäß weiterhin vorgeschlagen, daß das Formteil zusätzlich mit einer Beschichtung aus diesem Fasermaterial versehen ist. Da das Formteil in sich selbsttragend ist, genügt das Aufbringen einer verhältnismäßig dünnen Beschichtung.Because of the manufacturing process generally used in the production of such molded parts, it is conceivable that the molded part forming the combustion chamber has a not quite as roughened surface on its side facing the mold core as on the other side. However, in order to obtain the greatest possible roughening of the surface on the first-mentioned side, it is further proposed according to the invention that the molded part is additionally provided with a coating of this fiber material. Since the molded part is self-supporting, it is sufficient to apply a relatively thin coating.

Weiterhin wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß das die Brennkammer bildende Formteil zumindest an der Innenseite mit Rillen versehen oder wellenförmig ausgebildet ist. Hierdurch erhält die Innenseite der Brennkammer eine noch stärker strukturierte Form, so daß die Reflektion der Wärmestrahlung einem noch größeren Bereich intensiviert wird. Zwar braucht die Oberfläche an der Außenseite der Brennkammer diese Wellen- oder Rillenform nicht unbedingt ebenfalls aufzuweisen; im allgemeinen wird sich diese Form jedoch bei der Herstellung zumindest in geringem Maße auch auf die Außenseite übertragen, zumal wenn man bestrebt ist, die Wandungsstärke der Brennkammer weitgehend gleich zu halten. Eine entsprechende Strukturierung der Außenseite wiederum verbessert die dort gewünschte Verwirbelung der Rauchgasströmung.Furthermore, it is proposed according to the invention that the molded part forming the combustion chamber is provided with grooves or at least has an undulating configuration on the inside. This will keep the inside of the focal chamber an even more structured shape, so that the reflection of the heat radiation is intensified over an even larger area. The surface on the outside of the combustion chamber does not necessarily have to have this wave or groove shape; in general, however, this shape will also be transferred to the outside at least to a small extent during manufacture, especially when efforts are made to keep the wall thickness of the combustion chamber largely the same. Appropriate structuring of the outside in turn improves the swirling of the flue gas flow desired there.

Zwar ist es denkbar, die genannten Rillen oder Wellen in Umfangsrichtung oder auch schraubenlinienförmig verlaufen zu lassen. Für die Herstellung dürfte es im allgemeinen vorteilhafter sein, wenn sich die Rillen oder Wellen in Längsrichtung des Formteils erstrecken.It is conceivable for the grooves or shafts mentioned to run in the circumferential direction or also in a helical shape. It is generally more advantageous for production if the grooves or shafts extend in the longitudinal direction of the molded part.

Das Formteil kann erfindungsgemäß ferner bei der Herstellung angeformte Rippen aufweisen, die als Abstandselemente ausgebildet sind. Auch diese Rippen werden sich zweckmäßig in Längsrichtung des Formteils erstrecken. Wenn die Wandstärke des Formteils im Bereich der Rippen zumindest angenähert gleich der Wandstärke des übrigen Formteils ist, ergibt sich gleichzeitig an der Innenseite ein wellenförmiger Verlauf der Brennkammerwandung, wie er unabhängig von dieser Ausbildung der Abstandselemente auch in anderen Bereichen der Brennkammerwandung vorgesehen sein kann.According to the invention, the molded part can furthermore have ribs which are integrally formed during manufacture and which are designed as spacer elements. These ribs will also expediently extend in the longitudinal direction of the molded part. If the wall thickness of the molded part in the area of the ribs is at least approximately equal to the wall thickness of the other molded part, there is at the same time a wave-shaped course of the combustion chamber wall on the inside, as can also be provided in other areas of the combustion chamber wall regardless of this configuration of the spacer elements.

Nachfolgend werden einige Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung näher beschrieben.Some exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to a drawing.

Im einzelnen zeigen:

  • Figur 1 und 2 jeweils als Quer- und Längsschnitt eine erste Ausführungsform;
  • Figur 3 und 4 jeweils als Quer- und Längsschnitt eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform;
  • Figur 5 und 6 jeweils als Quer- und Längsschnitt eine nächste Ausführungsform.
In detail show:
  • 1 and 2 each show a first embodiment as a cross-section and a longitudinal section;
  • Figures 3 and 4 each as a cross-section and longitudinal section of a modified embodiment;
  • Figures 5 and 6 each as a cross-section and longitudinal section of a next embodiment.

Die Ausführungsformen nach den Figuren 1 bis 4 betreffen jeweils einen Heizungskessel mit einer Durchgangsbrennkammer, während die Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 5 und 6 eine Umkehrbrennkammer betrifft. Die Wandung des hier nur schematisch angedeuteten Kessels ist mit der Bezugsziffer 10 bezeichnet.The embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 4 each relate to a heating boiler with a passage combustion chamber, while the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6 relates to a reverse combustion chamber. The wall of the boiler, which is only indicated schematically here, is designated by the reference number 10.

Die in den drei Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellten Brennkammern 11, 12 und 13 bestehen jeweils aus einem keramischen Material, das einen Anteil von mindestens 50 % an keramischen Fasern enthält. Hinzu kommen jeweils Bindemittel und gegebenenfalls geeignete Zusätze. Die Brennkammern 11, 12 und 13 sind jeweils Formteile, die selbsttragend sind und eine entsprechende Festigkeit haben. Der Querschnitt ist zumindest angenähert kreisförmig, während der Durchmesser so gewählt ist, daß zwischen der Außenseite der Brennkammern 11 bis 13 einerseits und der Kesselwandung 10 andererseits ein Ringraum 14 verbleibt.The combustion chambers 11, 12 and 13 shown in the three exemplary embodiments each consist of a ceramic material which contains at least 50% of ceramic fibers. In addition, there are binders and, where appropriate, suitable additives. The combustion chambers 11, 12 and 13 are each molded parts that are self-supporting and have a corresponding strength. The cross section is at least approximately circular, while the diameter is selected such that an annular space 14 remains between the outside of the combustion chambers 11 to 13 on the one hand and the boiler wall 10 on the other.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 1 und 2 hat die Brennkammer 11 drei jeweils in einem Winkelabstand von 120° angeordnete Rippen 15, die im Querschnitt gesehen einen angenähert wellenförmigen Verlauf haben. Die Materialstärke bleibt auch im Bereich der Rippen 15 der Materialstärke des übrigen Teils der Brennkammer 11 zumindest angenähert gleich. Die Rippen 15 erstrecken sich in Längsrichtung über die ganze Länge der Brennkammer 11.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the combustion chamber 11 has three ribs 15 which are each arranged at an angular distance of 120 ° and which, viewed in cross section, have an approximately undulating shape. In the area of the ribs 15, the material thickness remains at least approximately the same as the material thickness of the remaining part of the combustion chamber 11. The ribs 15 extend in the longitudinal direction over the entire length of the combustion chamber 11.

Dasselbe gilt auch für die Brennkammer 12 der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 3 und 4. Es sind hier jedoch vier Rippen 15 in einem Winkelabstand von 90° zueinander ausgebildet. Zusätzlich ist im Zusammenhang mit diesem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, daß die Innenseite der Brennkammer 12 mit sich in Längsrichtung erstreckenden Rillen 16 versehen sein kann. Alternativ ist es denkbar, an der Innenseite der Brennkammer 12 nutenähnliche Aussparungen 17 vorzusehen. Die Rillen 16 bzw. die Aussparungen 17, die über den ganzen Umfang der Brennkammerwandung verteilt sein können, haben beide den Zweck, in unterschiedliche Richtung weisende Reflektionsflächen zu schaffen, um die von der im mittleren Querschnittsbereich befindlichen Flamme ausgehenden Wärmestrahlungen möglichst überall hin zu reflektieren und hierdurch die Nachverbrennung zu verbessern.The same also applies to the combustion chamber 12 of the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4. However, four ribs 15 are formed here at an angular distance of 90 ° to one another. In addition, it is shown in connection with this embodiment that the inside of the combustion chamber 12 can be provided with grooves 16 extending in the longitudinal direction. Alternatively, it is conceivable to provide groove-like recesses 17 on the inside of the combustion chamber 12. The grooves 16 or the recesses 17, which can be distributed over the entire circumference of the combustion chamber wall, both have the purpose of creating reflecting surfaces pointing in different directions in order to reflect the heat radiation emanating from the flame in the central cross-sectional area as far as possible and this will improve afterburning.

In einem weiteren Querschnittsteil der Figur 3 ist angedeutet, daß die Brennkammer 12 gegebenenfalls auch mit einer Beschichtung 18 aus Fasermaterial versehen werden kann. Es ist nämlich denkbar, daß an derjenigen Brennkammerseite, die an dem bei der Herstellung verwendeten Formkern anliegt, eine glattere Oberflächenstruktur entsteht als an der jeweils anderen Brennkammerseite. Sollte die Oberfläche durch das verhältnismäßig feste Anliegen an den Formkern nicht ausreichend rauh sein, so kann eine rauhere Oberflächenstruktur durch die Beschichtung 18 hergestellt werden.In a further cross-sectional part of FIG. 3 it is indicated that the combustion chamber 12 can optionally also be provided with a coating 18 made of fiber material. It is in fact conceivable that a smoother surface structure is created on that side of the combustion chamber which bears against the mold core used in the production than on the other side of the combustion chamber. Should the surface behave through that If the contact with the mold core is not sufficiently rough, then a rougher surface structure can be produced by the coating 18.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 5 und 6 hat die Brennkammer 13 ebenfalls vier Rippen 15. Zwei derselben liegen sich seitlich diametral gegenüber, während die anderen beiden Rippen 15 im unteren Bereich ausgebildet sind. Es ist nämlich denkbar, daß die Wandung 10 eines Kessels an der untersten Stelle einer etwas nach innen hineinragenden Schiene 19 oder dergleichen aufweist, so daß in diesem Bereich keine Abstützungsmöglichkeit für eine Rippe 15 gegeben ist.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6, the combustion chamber 13 likewise has four ribs 15. Two of these are diametrically opposed to one side, while the other two ribs 15 are formed in the lower region. It is namely conceivable that the wall 10 of a boiler has at the lowest point of a rail 19 or the like protruding somewhat inwards, so that there is no possibility of supporting a rib 15 in this area.

Die als Umkehrbrennkammer ausgebildete Brennkammer 13 ist an ihrem einen Ende geschlossen. Ihre schalenförmig ausgebildete Stirnseite hat eine in axialer Richtung nach vorne hervorstehende Ausbauchung 20. Diese dient als Distanzstück, mittels dessen sich die Brennkammer 13 innerhalb des Heizungskessels in axialer Richtung an einen benachbarten Konstruktionsteil abstützen kann, ohne mit ihrer ganzen Stirnfläche voll zur Anlage zu kommen.The combustion chamber 13 designed as a reversal combustion chamber is closed at one end. Its shell-shaped end face has a bulge 20 projecting forward in the axial direction. This serves as a spacer, by means of which the combustion chamber 13 can be axially supported against an adjacent structural part within the heating boiler without fully contacting its entire end face.

Bei allen Ausführungsbeispielen ist die Rauchgasströmung durch entsprechende Pfeile angedeutet.In all of the exemplary embodiments, the flue gas flow is indicated by corresponding arrows.

Claims (6)

1. Heizungskessel, mit einem Brenner und mit einer innerhalb des Heizungskessels angeordneten heißen Brennkammer, die sich unter Bildung eines Ringraumes zwischen Kesselwandung und Brennkammer an der Innenseite der Kesselwandung abstützt und zu diesem Zweck mit nach außen hervorstehenden Abstandselementen versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennkammer (11, 12,13) aufgerauhte Oberflächen aufweist, die aus keramischem Material mit mindestens 50 % Faseranteilen bestehen, und daß die Brennkammer (11,12,13) als aus diesem Material bestehendes, selbsttragendes Formteil ausgebildet ist.1.Heating boiler, with a burner and with a hot combustion chamber arranged inside the boiler, which is supported to form an annular space between the boiler wall and the combustion chamber on the inside of the boiler wall and is provided for this purpose with outwardly projecting spacer elements, characterized in that the Combustion chamber (11, 12, 13) has roughened surfaces which consist of ceramic material with at least 50% fiber content, and that the combustion chamber (11, 12, 13) is designed as a self-supporting molded part consisting of this material. 2. Heizungskessel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Formteil zusätzlich mit einer Beschichtung (18) aus diesem Fasermaterial versehen ist..2. Boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded part is additionally provided with a coating (18) made of this fiber material. 3. Heizungskessel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das die Brennkammer (11,12,13) bildende Formteil zumindest an der Innenseite mit Rillen (16) versehen oder unter Bildung von Aussparungen (17) wellenförmig ist.3. Boiler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the molded part forming the combustion chamber (11, 12, 13) has grooves at least on the inside (16) is provided or is wavy with the formation of recesses (17). 4. Heizungskessel nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Rillen (16) oder durch die Aussparungen (17) gebildeten Wellen in Längsrichtung des Formteils erstrecken:4. Boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that the grooves (16) or waves formed by the recesses (17) extend in the longitudinal direction of the molded part: 5. Heizungskessel nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Formteil bei der Herstellung angeformte Rippen (15) aufweist, die als Abstandselemente ausgebildet sind.5. Boiler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molded part has molded ribs (15) during manufacture which are designed as spacer elements. 6. Heizungskessel nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wandstärke des Formteils im Bereich der Rippen (15) zumindest angenähert gleich der Wandstärke des übrigen Formteils ist.6. Boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that the wall thickness of the molded part in the region of the ribs (15) is at least approximately equal to the wall thickness of the other molded part.
EP82110445A 1981-11-11 1982-11-11 Boiler for central heating Expired EP0079594B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82110445T ATE17781T1 (en) 1981-11-11 1982-11-11 BOILER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3144744A DE3144744C2 (en) 1981-11-11 1981-11-11 Heating boiler
DE3144744 1981-11-11

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EP0079594A1 true EP0079594A1 (en) 1983-05-25
EP0079594B1 EP0079594B1 (en) 1986-01-29

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AT (1) ATE17781T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3144744C2 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0321611A1 (en) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Franco Andreoli Furnace tube for a radiation heating tube of an industrial oven
EP0735320A2 (en) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-02 DAS-DÜNNSCHICHT ANLAGEN SYSTEME GmbH DRESDEN Process and device for purification of noxious exhaust gases by chemical conversion
EP0913641A3 (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-05-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Combustion chamber for a water heater, particularly gas heated devices
EP2314948A3 (en) * 2009-10-14 2011-11-02 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG Boiler

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3231211C2 (en) * 1982-08-21 1986-10-02 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Device for a combustion chamber with an oil or gas burner

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DE925418C (en) * 1951-11-04 1955-03-21 Gustav Dr-Ing Ficker Highly heat resistant, temperature change resistant ceramic component
CA610978A (en) * 1960-12-20 A. Clark William Furnace construction
FR1369169A (en) * 1963-09-12 1964-08-07 American Radiator & Standard Refractory fibrous lining for combustion chambers
US3213917A (en) * 1963-07-10 1965-10-26 Johns Manville Furnace combustion chambers
DE1949036A1 (en) * 1968-09-30 1970-04-09 Produits Refractaires boiler
FR2253405A5 (en) * 1973-12-04 1975-06-27 Saunier Duval Combustion chamber for gas fired boiler - made from fibrous refractory material consists of U-shaped plate and flat closure plate
FR2345671A1 (en) * 1976-03-27 1977-10-21 Viessmann Hans BOILER FOR THE COMBUSTION OF LIQUID OR GASEOUS FUELS
US4169431A (en) * 1976-10-09 1979-10-02 Hans Viessmann Boiler

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DE3017050C2 (en) * 1980-05-03 1983-03-24 Stettner & Co, 8560 Lauf Use for stoves or boilers

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE557189A (en) *
CA610978A (en) * 1960-12-20 A. Clark William Furnace construction
DE925418C (en) * 1951-11-04 1955-03-21 Gustav Dr-Ing Ficker Highly heat resistant, temperature change resistant ceramic component
US3213917A (en) * 1963-07-10 1965-10-26 Johns Manville Furnace combustion chambers
FR1369169A (en) * 1963-09-12 1964-08-07 American Radiator & Standard Refractory fibrous lining for combustion chambers
DE1949036A1 (en) * 1968-09-30 1970-04-09 Produits Refractaires boiler
FR2253405A5 (en) * 1973-12-04 1975-06-27 Saunier Duval Combustion chamber for gas fired boiler - made from fibrous refractory material consists of U-shaped plate and flat closure plate
FR2345671A1 (en) * 1976-03-27 1977-10-21 Viessmann Hans BOILER FOR THE COMBUSTION OF LIQUID OR GASEOUS FUELS
US4169431A (en) * 1976-10-09 1979-10-02 Hans Viessmann Boiler

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0321611A1 (en) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Franco Andreoli Furnace tube for a radiation heating tube of an industrial oven
EP0735320A2 (en) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-02 DAS-DÜNNSCHICHT ANLAGEN SYSTEME GmbH DRESDEN Process and device for purification of noxious exhaust gases by chemical conversion
EP0735320A3 (en) * 1995-03-30 1997-03-26 Das Duennschicht Anlagen Sys Process and device for purification of noxious exhaust gases by chemical conversion
EP0913641A3 (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-05-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Combustion chamber for a water heater, particularly gas heated devices
EP2314948A3 (en) * 2009-10-14 2011-11-02 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG Boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0079594B1 (en) 1986-01-29
DE3144744A1 (en) 1983-05-19
ATE17781T1 (en) 1986-02-15
DE3268891D1 (en) 1986-03-13
DE3144744C2 (en) 1984-04-12

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